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Revision as of 22:30, 19 October 2007

Digg is a community-based popularity website with an emphasis on technology and science articles, recently expanding to a broader range of categories such as politics and entertainment. It combines social bookmarking, blogging, and syndication with a form of non-hierarchical, democratic editorial control.

News stories and websites are submitted by users, and then promoted to the front page through a user-based ranking system. This differs from the hierarchical editorial system that many other news sites employ.

History

Digg started out as an experiment in November 2004 by Kevin Rose, Owen Byrne, Ron Gorodetzky, and Jay Adelson. All currently play an active role in the management of the site.

"We started working on developing the site back in October 2004," Kevin Rose told ZDNet "We started toying around with the idea a couple of months prior to that, but it was early October when we actually started creating what would become the beta version of digg. The site launched to the world on December 5th 2004."

Kevin Rose's friend David Prager (The Screen Savers, This Week in Tech) originally wanted to call the site “Diggnation”, but Kevin wanted a simpler name. He chose the name "Digg", because users are able to "dig" stories, out of those submitted, up to the front page. The site was called “Digg” instead of “Dig” because the domain name “dig.com” was previously registered. “Diggnation” would eventually be used as the title of Kevin Rose and Alex Albrecht's weekly podcast.

The original design was free of advertisements, and was designed by Dan Ries. As Digg became more popular, Google AdSense was added to the website. In July 2005, the site was updated to "Version 2.0". The new "version" featured a friends list, the ability to "digg" a story without being redirected to a "success" page, and a new interface designed by web design company Silverorange . The site developers have stated that in future versions a more minimalist design will likely be employed. On Monday June 26, 2006 version 3 of Digg was released with specific categories for Technology, Science, World & Business, Videos, Entertainment and Gaming as well as a View All section where all categories are merged.

Digg has grown large enough that submissions sometimes create a sudden increase of traffic to the "dugg" website. This is referred to by some Digg users as the "Digg effect" and by some others as the site being "dugg to death". However, in many cases stories are linked simultaneously on several popular bookmarking sites. In such cases, the impact of the "digg effect" is difficult to isolate and assess.

On August 27, 2007 Digg altered their main interface.

Functionality

Readers can view all of the stories that have been submitted by fellow users in the "digg/News/Upcoming" section of the site. Once a story has received enough "diggs", it appears on Digg's front page. Should the story not receive enough diggs, or if enough users report a problem with the submission, the story will remain in the "digg all" area, where it may eventually be removed.

Articles are short summaries of stories on other websites with links to the stories, and provisions for readers to comment on the story. All content and access to the site is free, but registration is compulsory for certain elements, such as promoting ("digging") stories, submitting stories and commenting on stories. Digg also allows for stories to be posted to a user's blog automatically when he or she diggs a story.

Originally, stories could be submitted in fifteen different categories which were: deals, gaming, links, mods, music, robots, security, technology, Apple, design, hardware, Linux/Unix, movies, programming, science and software. With the release of Digg 3.0 on June 26, 2006, the categories became divided into 6 containers: Technology, Science, World & Business, Sports, Entertainment, Gaming, with sub-categories.

Criticism

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Digg has come under criticism for varying reasons. Most complaints are centered on the site's form of user-moderation: some feel the users have too much control over content, allowing sensationalism and misinformation to thrive. The site has also suffered the risk of companies paying for stories submitted to the site, similar to the phenomenon of company-attempted Google bombing.

Others feel that the site's operators may exercise too much control over which articles appear on the front page as well as the comments on Digg's forums. Some users complain that they have been blocked from posting, and their accounts disabled, for making comments in the user-moderated forums that conflict with the personal interests of Digg's operators. The existence of the "bury" option has also been criticized as undemocratic and due to its anonymous nature, unaccountable, which often leads to expungement of criticism of hotbed topics that do not mesh with the prevailing view of the community. Another criticism in this area has been how a faulty or misleading article can reach many users quickly, blowing out of proportion the unsupported claims or accusations (a mob mentality).

Certain Digg users have been accused of operating a "Bury Brigade" that tags articles with which they disagree as spam, thus attempting to bury stories critical of Digg. One commentator states that one of the site's major problems:

...is the ability of a small number of users to "bury" stories without accountability. Burying news is meant to help separate spam and inaccurate stories from the general morass of ordinary, viable stuff. But there's long been the suspicion that plenty of users use it to get rid of stories about things they don't like (eg political parties or corporates) - since burying a story is much more powerful than simply voting against it.

It has been reported that the top 100 Digg users controlled 56% of Digg's frontpage content, and that a niche group of just twenty individuals had submitted 25% of the frontpage content. A few sites have raised the problem of groupthink and the possibility that the site is being "manipulated", so to speak. In response to this question, the site's founder Kevin Rose has announced an upcoming change to the site's algorithm:

While we don't disclose exactly how story promotion works (to prevent gaming the system), I can say that a key update is coming soon. This algorithm update will look at the unique digging diversity of the individuals digging the story. Users that follow a gaming pattern will have less promotion weight. This doesn't mean that the story won't be promoted, it just means that a more diverse pool of individuals will be need to deem the story homepage-worthy.

Some popular news sites have reported instances of possible censorship, including Digg users who claim to have been banned for criticizing sponsors and allegations of the unreasonable banning of entire domain names. In response, Rose has stated that:

Once a story has received enough user reports it is automatically removed from the digg queue or homepage (depending on where the story is living at that time). The number of reports required varies depending on how many diggs the story has. This system is going to change in the near future. Soon, reported stories will fall into a 'buried stories' bin. Users will have the ability to pick through this story bin and vote to have a story reinstated should they believe it was falsely reported.

Tom Taylor has said that:

...the problem lies with either the community or the editorial process. By tackling one of those, you can make your difference.

As a result of Digg's popularity, other such social networking sites have appeared.

AACS encryption key controversy

On May 1, 2007 an article appeared on Digg’s homepage that contained the encryption key for the AACS digital rights management protection of HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc. Then Digg, "acting on the advice of its lawyers", removed posting submissions about the secret number from its database and banned several users for submitting it. The removals were seen by many Digg users as a capitulation to corporate interests and an assault on free speech. A statement by Jay Adelson attributed the article’s take-down to an attempt to comply with cease and desist letters from the Advanced Access Content System consortium and cited Digg’s Terms of Use as justification for taking down the article.

Although some users defended Digg's actions, as a whole the community staged a wide-spread revolt with numerous articles and comments being made using the encryption key. The scope of the user response was so great that one of the Digg users referred to it as a "digital Boston Tea Party". The response was also directly responsible for Digg reversing the policy and stating:

But now, after seeing hundreds of stories and reading thousands of comments, you’ve made it clear. You’d rather see Digg go down fighting than bow down to a bigger company. We hear you, and effective immediately we won’t delete stories or comments containing the code and will deal with whatever the consequences might be.

— Kevin Rose

See also

• Kevin Rose
• Alex Albrecht
• David Prager
• Jay Adelson
• Diggnation
• Web 2.0
• Social bookmarking
• reddit
• MinkIt

References

1. MacManus, Richard (2006-02-01). "Interview with Digg founder Kevin Rose, Part 1". ZDNet. Retrieved 2006-07-15.
2. Digging The Madness of Crowds
3. ^ Why Digg Failed
4. Digg continues to battle phony stories
5. Paying users for creating content
6. The Power of Digg
7. ^ A Brief History of Digg Controversy
8. 'Democratic'? 'User-driven'? These do not describe Digg
9. Is Digg being subverted by some sort of spamming?
10. Is Digg Closer To Extinction Than We Realise?
11. Digg and the So-Called "Wisdom of Mobs"
12. ZDNet Not Immune To The "Bury Brigade"
13. Watching Digg's "bury brigade"
14. http://www.seomoz.org/blogdetail.php?ID=1228
15. Digg the rigged? A closer look at Digg's democratic model
16. Digg to tweak its algorithm
17. Digg Friends
18. Growing Censorship Concerns at Digg
19. ^ Digg Censors Stories That Offend Sponsors
20. Responding to Kevin’s Non-Response Post
21. The hypocrisy of digg and spam
22. The Downfall of Digg
23. Revisiting Top 10 Web Predictions of 2006
24. Stone, Brad (2007-05-03). "In Web Uproar, Antipiracy Code Spreads Wildly". New York Times. Retrieved 2007-07-02. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
25. Jay Adelson. "Digg the Blog: What's Happening with HD-DVD Stories?".
26. TGdaily: Cease and desist letters backfire horribly against AACS
27. Digg losing control of their site
28. DRM lobby tries to get HD DVD genie back into the bottle
29. Marcus Yam. "DailyTech: AACS Key Censorship Leads to First Internet Riot". Retrieved 2007-05-02.
30. "BBC News: DVD DRM row sparks user rebellion". Retrieved 2007-05-02.
31. Digg's DRM Revolt
32. Kevin Rose (2007-05-01). "Digg This: [key redacted by Misplaced Pages]". Digg the Blog. Digg Inc. Retrieved 2007-05-02.

External links

• Official site
• Official blog

• Blogs
• Community websites
• News websites
• Social bookmarking
• Web 2.0
• Internet properties established in 2004