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| The term '''salmon''' describes several species of ] of the genus ''Salmo'' and related genera, especially ''Salmo salar''. Several other fishes in these genera are called ]. | The term '''salmon''' describes several species of ] of the genus ''Salmo'' and related genera, especially ''Salmo salar''. Several other fishes in these genera are called ]. | ||
| Salmon are marine fish, but they spawn in fresh water. This means that when they become sexually mature, they migrate back to the exact river where they were spawned themselves. How they navigate is still a mystery, though their keen sense of smell may be involved. Many salmon are |
Salmon are marine fish, but they spawn in fresh water. This means that when they become sexually mature, they migrate back to the exact river where they were spawned themselves. How they navigate is still a mystery, though their keen sense of smell may be involved. Many salmon are caught by ]s and human anglers as they swim upstream. Having spawned, the entire generation of salmon dies. | ||
| ==== Fishing for salmon -- from the "Boy's Own Book of Outdoor Sports" (early 1900s) ==== | ==== Fishing for salmon -- from the "Boy's Own Book of Outdoor Sports" (early 1900s) ==== | ||
Revision as of 22:35, 16 July 2002
The term salmon describes several species of fish of the genus Salmo and related genera, especially Salmo salar. Several other fishes in these genera are called trout.
Salmon are marine fish, but they spawn in fresh water. This means that when they become sexually mature, they migrate back to the exact river where they were spawned themselves. How they navigate is still a mystery, though their keen sense of smell may be involved. Many salmon are caught by bears and human anglers as they swim upstream. Having spawned, the entire generation of salmon dies.
Fishing for salmon -- from the "Boy's Own Book of Outdoor Sports" (early 1900s)
This most delicious of fish sometimes grows to an immense size for a frequenter of fresh water. Salmon begin to run up certain northern rivers in April and stay there until the latter end of July, when they return to the sea. It is while thus running that they are taken by anglers and salmon fishermen. They deposit their spawn at the extreme point that they reach on the river, and by the time they return, the young fry are ready to return with them. The same young ones follow their parents up the river the year following, having grown to be about six inches in length. At the end of the second year they weigh from five to seven pounds, and it takes them six years to attain their growth.
The salmon, like the trout, is timid and easily frightened. When they become alarmed, they move very rapidly in the water, and go a great distance without stopping. It is, therefore, necessary to be extremely cautious in fishing them, and requires skill and perseverence. The most wary and scientific anglers have their patience tried in taking this fish, whose instinct leads it to astonishingly artful and singular efforts to escape. The feeding grounds of the salmon are swift streams, and deep lakes, with gravelly and pebbly bottoms, where there are easily outlets to the sea. The time for fishing them is early in the morning or late in the afternoon, and they may be taken from May until August. In the first of the season, worms, small fish, or shrimp, is the usual bait; but in July and August they are partial to the fly.
The tackle used for salmon, should combine strength with imperceptibility. A large sized reel is necessary, with some two hundred yards of line made of silk and hair combined, or a grass line is sometimes used. The leader should be four or five feet long, made of twisted gut, and with a swivel sinker, or a swivel alone in fly fishing. The rod should be fifteen to eighteen feet long, and elastic at the end. The proper hook for worm and live bait is te Kirby and Limerick pattern. Nos. 0 to 4; and Nos. 0 to 3 in fly fishing. Fishing with artificial flies is often very successful, the flies being made of gray and gaudy feathers.