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| The '''Estonian resistance movement''' (] ''Eesti vastupanuliikumine'') was a small-scale |
The '''Estonian resistance movement''' (] ''Eesti vastupanuliikumine'') was a small-scale ] ] to ] the ] (]–]) during ]. Due to the unusually benign measures implemented in ] by the German ] authorities, especially in contrast to the preceding notoriously harsh ] (]–]), the movement had less popular support, and therefore was slower to develop effective tactics on a wide scale than in some other countries. | ||
| However, by ] a number of ] were involved in underground ] ranging from producing illegal publications, to ], to violent ]. They included Adolf Aitsen, Rein Alasoo, Eduard Aumere, Richard Ehrlich, Mercedes-Angela Jaus, Evald Kallas, Vera Kraubner, Hendrik Kuivas, Helmi Kurs, Georgi Loik, Aleksander Looring, Johanna Lunter, Mihkel Mihkelson, Jaan Nahodsen, Irmgard Nurmhein, Leonida Parvits, Erik Paulson, Villem Pivkan, Eduard Planken, Ludvig Prints, Kaarel Raidväli, Astra Randkivi, Ireene Reinhold, Aleksei Saar, Tarmo Talvi, and Artur Vaha, as well as others. | However, by ] a number of ] were involved in underground ] ranging from producing illegal publications, to ], to violent ]. They included Adolf Aitsen, Rein Alasoo, Eduard Aumere, Richard Ehrlich, Mercedes-Angela Jaus, Evald Kallas, Vera Kraubner, Hendrik Kuivas, Helmi Kurs, Georgi Loik, Aleksander Looring, Johanna Lunter, Mihkel Mihkelson, Jaan Nahodsen, Irmgard Nurmhein, Leonida Parvits, Erik Paulson, Villem Pivkan, Eduard Planken, Ludvig Prints, Kaarel Raidväli, Astra Randkivi, Ireene Reinhold, Aleksei Saar, Tarmo Talvi, and Artur Vaha, as well as others. | ||
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The Estonian resistance movement (Estonian Eesti vastupanuliikumine) was a small-scale underground movement to resist the occupation of Estonia by Nazi Germany (1941–1944) during World War II. Due to the unusually benign measures implemented in Estonia by the German occupation authorities, especially in contrast to the preceding notoriously harsh Soviet occupation of Estonia (1940–1941), the movement had less popular support, and therefore was slower to develop effective tactics on a wide scale than in some other countries.
However, by 1943 a number of Estonians were involved in underground activities ranging from producing illegal publications, to espionage, to violent sabotage. They included Adolf Aitsen, Rein Alasoo, Eduard Aumere, Richard Ehrlich, Mercedes-Angela Jaus, Evald Kallas, Vera Kraubner, Hendrik Kuivas, Helmi Kurs, Georgi Loik, Aleksander Looring, Johanna Lunter, Mihkel Mihkelson, Jaan Nahodsen, Irmgard Nurmhein, Leonida Parvits, Erik Paulson, Villem Pivkan, Eduard Planken, Ludvig Prints, Kaarel Raidväli, Astra Randkivi, Ireene Reinhold, Aleksei Saar, Tarmo Talvi, and Artur Vaha, as well as others.
Further reading
- The book Rahvatasujad published in 1963–1965.
See also
- Anti-fascism
- Category:Military history of Estonia during World War II
- Occupation of Estonia by Nazi Germany
- Resistance during World War II