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F U C K C H I N A
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'''Pribina''', also called ''Priwina'' or ''Privina'' by Frankish chronicles, was the ruler and ] of the ] before 833,<ref>{{cite book
| last = Kirschbaum
| first = Stanislav J.
| authorlink = http://web.as.uky.edu/ssa/biblio/biblio_kirschbaum.htm
| title = A History of Slovakia: The Struggle for Survival
| publisher = ]; ]
| date = March 1995
| location = New York
| pages = 25
| url = http://us.macmillan.com/ahistoryofslovakia
| isbn = 978-0-312-10403-0}}</ref> and established and ruled the ] from 839/840 to 861.<ref>{{cite book
| last = Bagnell Bury
| first = John
| title = The Cambridge Medieval History
| publisher = ]
| date = 1923
| location = Cambridge
| pages = 211
| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=_9IHAAAAIAAJ&q=Balaton+Principality&dq=Balaton+Principality&pgis=1
| isbn =}}</ref>

The main written source describing his life is ''Libellus de conversione Bagoariorum et Carantanorum'' (i.e. ''Conversio''), created in Salzburg in the 870s. In addition, several buildings discovered by archaeologists in ] and ] are dated to the period of his life. The ''Conversio'' proves that the building of several churches in the region of ] was connected to his activities.

==Life==
]
The ''Conversio'' mentions that he built a Christian church in his possession in ].<ref>'']: "Cui quondam'' Adalrammus ''archiepiscopus ultra Danubium in sua proprietate loco vocato'' Nitrava ''consecravit ecclesiam." ("For him, Archbishop'' Adalrammus ''consecrated a church over the Danube in his own possession, in a place called'' Nitrava'').''</ref> The Principality of Nitra was located approximately in present-day Slovakia and parts of present-day Hungary. Historians are divided about the issue whether Pribina was still a pagan at that time. The church was consecrated by Bishop Adalram of ] in about 828. It was the first known church building of all Western and Eastern Slavs. The church may have served to Christian merchants living in Nitra or to Pribina's ]n wife. In addition, the construction of several castles is attributed to his period.

In 833, Pribina was expelled from Nitra by the Moravian (''Maravi'') duke ].<ref>{{cite book
| last = Kirschbaum
| first = Stanislav J.
| authorlink = http://web.as.uky.edu/ssa/biblio/biblio_kirschbaum.htm
| title = A History of Slovakia: The Struggle for Survival
| publisher = ]; ]
| date = March 1995
| location = New York
| pages = 84
| url = http://us.macmillan.com/ahistoryofslovakia
| isbn = 978-0-312-10403-0}}</ref> The destruction of the castles in ] and Čingov are attributed to his fierce resistance. Modern historians claim that his "principality" was finally unified to the duchy of Mojmír I, forming the core of the latter's ]. Pribina went to count Ratbod who administered the Eastern March, and the count introduced him to king ]. He was baptised on the order of the king.<ref>'']: "In cuius spacio temporis quidam'' Priwina ''exulatus a'' Moimaro ''duce'' Maravorum ''supra Danubium venit ad'' Ratbodum''. Qui statim illum præsentavit domno regi nostro'' Hludowico'', et suo iussu fide instructus baptizatus est in ecclesia sancti Martini loco'' Treisma ''nuncupato, curte videlicet pertinenti ad sedem Iuvavensem." ("In his days, a certain'' Priwina'', who had been expelled by'' Moimarus'', duke of the'' Maravi ''living over the Danube, came to'' Ratbodus''. He introduced him to our Lord the King'' Hludowicus''; and, on the order of the king, he was educated and baptised in Saint Martin's Church in '' Treisma'', i.e., in a grange attached to the See of Salzburg.")''</ref>

Pribina left Eastern March after a dispute with count Ratbod. He escaped, with his family and retinue, to the ], and then went to ]. However, Ratimir fled when the ] troops, lead by count Ratbod, invaded his territories. Pribina did not follow Ratimir, but he reconciled with the count. On count Ratbod's initiative, King ] even granted Pribina the ] of Pannonia around the ] as a ]. <ref>'']: "Aliqua vero interim occasione percepta, rogantibus prædicti regis fidelibus præstavit rex'' Priwinæ ''aliquam inferioris Pannoniæ in beneficium partem circa fluvium qui dicitur'' Sala''" ("In the meantime, when an opportunity offered, the king, on the request of his above-mentioned faithful men, granted the parts of Lower Pannonia around the river called'' Sala ''to'' Priwina ''as a benefice").''</ref>

After Pribina's arrival to his new property, he had a fortress built there; shortly afterwards, a settlement called ] was developing around the fortress.<ref>The settlement is also called ''Blatnohrad'', and it is referred as ''Mosapurc'' or ''Moosburg'' in German sources; in present-day, it may call ].</ref> He also had other ] and churches built. Pribina could strengthen his power by gathering people and expanding his territories. On ] ], King ] granted him all the territories he had owned in benefice as a fief.<ref>'']: "...concessit illi in proprium totum quod prius habuit in beneficium.." ("''/The king/ ''...granted him the full possession of everything he had held as a benefice...")''.</ref>
In 861, he supported East Francia in its struggle against Great Moravia and died in a battle against the Great Moravian prince ]. He was succeeded by his son ].

==Notes==
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==See also==
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==External links==
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Revision as of 10:56, 22 May 2008

F U C K C H I N A