Revision as of 15:39, 26 August 2008 editBunch00 (talk | contribs)11 edits →Bunch← Previous edit | Revision as of 15:39, 26 August 2008 edit undoSceptre (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Page movers, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers, Template editors79,219 editsm Reverted edits by Bunch00 to last version by Sceptre (HG)Next edit → | ||
Line 1,304: | Line 1,304: | ||
Bunch was established in 2003, by Denis Kovac and Paulo Silva. It spread organically from London to Zagreb and then to Singapore. They were joined shortly after by their friends Mark Hurst, Pavel Ivanov, Ivan Husar and Jo Kotas, and the subsequent union formed the multi-disciplinary design agency that is the Bunch of today. They use their wide range of specialisations to create intelligent and consistent brands for their diverse clients. And believe that creativity, clarity and consistency are the keys to successful design. | Bunch was established in 2003, by Denis Kovac and Paulo Silva. It spread organically from London to Zagreb and then to Singapore. They were joined shortly after by their friends Mark Hurst, Pavel Ivanov, Ivan Husar and Jo Kotas, and the subsequent union formed the multi-disciplinary design agency that is the Bunch of today. They use their wide range of specialisations to create intelligent and consistent brands for their diverse clients. And believe that creativity, clarity and consistency are the keys to successful design. | ||
'''Bastardised:''' | |||
Not many design studios can boast an identity that incorporates work by Build, Carlos Segura, Paul Davies, Stefan Sagmeister James Goggin and Alexander Gelman. A design agency called Bunch, however, can. In March 2007, Bunch approached designers and image-makers they admired and asked them to produce a “visual reaction” to it, sign it and return it. The resulting “Bunchisms” (there are over 800 to date) have been reproduced on business cards, mugs, T-shirts and the company’s new letterheads and comp slips too. The project was also recognised in the 2008 D&AD Annual. They are currently publishing Bastardised to celebrate the project. The book will launch in Autumn 2008. | |||
Revision as of 15:39, 26 August 2008
Harvest Moon: Exciting Animal March
This request for creation has been accepted. Please do not modify it. | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
This request for creation has been reviewed. The reviewer comments appear below the article text.
Harvest Moon: Exciting Animal March (牧場物語わくわくアニマルマーチ, Bokujou Monogatari: Waku Waku Animaru Maachi, official translation is yet to be announced) is a farming simulation video game by Marvelous Entertainment released exclusively for Nintendo's Wii console. It is the second title for the Wii in the ‘’series’’, and has the same character designer as ‘’Harvest Moon: Tree of Tranquility’’. It features many animals of which you can all ride, including circus animals. AnimalsAlthough some animals from ‘’Harvest Moon: Tree of Tranquility’’ return, the official website describes the game as feeling like a circus. The animals are divided into three categories: circus, livestock, and pets. So far, the circus animals are lions, lemurs, hippoes, giraffes, elephants, and zebras. The farm animals are cows, goats, horses, sheep, and ostriches. The pets are pandas, penguins, two types of dogs (much like A Wonderful Life), and two types of cats. CharactersAs revealed in Weekly Famitsu magazine scans, Leena and Luke return from Harvest Moon: Tree of Tranquility, with new designs. Other characters include a witch (not the Witch Princess as first seen in Harvest Moon DS) and a wizard. The Harvest King whom first debuted in Harvest Moon: DS Cute now has a physical appearance, although he is not bald as he is said to be in ‘’Cute’’. See alsoSources
76.175.116.65 (talk) 00:24, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
| ||||||||||||
This is an archived discussion. Please do not modify it. |
Derek Pittmon
This request for creation has been declined. Please do not modify it. |
---|
This request for creation has been reviewed. The reviewer comments appear below the article text.
If you want to make changes and try again, copy and paste your article into a new submission and make your changes there.
SourcesLiquidus1985 (talk) 00:45, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
|
This is an archived discussion. Please do not modify it. |
ELLEGARDEN BEST 1999-2008
Untitled |
---|
ELLEGARDEN BEST 1999-2008 is the second compilation album from Japanese rock band Ellegarden, debuting in 2008, and collecting their best hits and singles from across their career, right until they announced their hiatus at their .
Track listing
All tracks are written by Ellegarden
No. | Title | Length |
---|---|---|
1. | "My Favorite Song" | 3:42 |
2. | ""Windy Day"" (風の日) | 4:12 |
3. | "Middle of Nowhere" | 3:58 |
4. | "(Can't Remember) How We Used To Be" | 3:18 |
5. | "????" (ジターバグ) | 3:23 |
6. | ""Venus"" (金星) | 3:17 |
7. | "So Sad" | 2:45 |
8. | "Super Nova" | 3:35 |
9. | "Star Fish" (スターフィッシュ) | 3:41 |
10. | "Make A Wish" | 2:18 |
11. | "Pizza Man" | 2:08 |
12. | "Red Hot" | 2:53 |
13. | ""Rainbow"" (虹) | 3:18 |
15. | "Missing" | 3:28 |
16. | "The Autumn Song" | 3:02 |
17. | "Fire Cracker" | 3:16 |
18. | "Space Sonic" | 3:29 |
19. | "Salamander" | 3:48 |
20. | "Mr. Feather" | 3:38 |
21. | ""Koukasen"" (高架線) | 2:24 |
Personnel
Sources
Untranslated titles from the Japanese version of their album.
All translations except "Windy Day" and "Koukasen" from http://www.freetranslation.com/
"Windy Day" translation from iTunes store for Figureheads Compilation
"Koukasen" translation from iTunes store for Eleven Fire Crackers
Hiatus information from Official Ellegarden website http://www.ellegarden.jp/en/ 68.8.236.127 (talk) 01:24, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
This dude owns the Oakland A's
Thank u for Your time
ファルコン☆パーン(イ゛ェア アアアアMIX)
This request for creation has been declined. Please do not modify it. |
---|
This request for creation has been reviewed. The reviewer comments appear below the article text.
If you want to make changes and try again, copy and paste your article into a new submission and make your changes there. ファルコン☆パーン(イ゛ェア アアアアMIX) is a very popular song. It is on Youtube, and it features the oringinal super smash bros footage. it was made by user 3vocd. The song is Kirby using a falcon punch in sync to the dreamland music on the stage. The video is very popular among user and has the honors #64 - Top Favorites (All Time) - Entertainment
Sources- Entertainment http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNvbPzSTpPI&feature=related http://www.sendspace.com/file/gt881w http://www.sendspace.com/file/aglr0j http://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/sm2133471
|
This is an archived discussion. Please do not modify it. |
Evangel Christian School Lakeland, Florida
This request for creation has been declined. Please do not modify it. |
---|
This request for creation has been reviewed. The reviewer comments appear below the article text.
If you want to make changes and try again, copy and paste your article into a new submission and make your changes there. Evangel Christian School was a school operated by Carpenter's Home Church from 1978 thru 2005. Sources71.101.239.232 (talk) 02:37, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
SourcesTonyhon2005 (talk) 03:20, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
|
This is an archived discussion. Please do not modify it. |
New redirect request
Title of new redirect: Wave Cyclone
Target of redirect: Extratropical Cyclone
Reason: Alternate name for Extratropical Cyclone
Source (if applicable): http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/199134/extratropical-cyclone#tab=active~checked%2Citems~checked&title=extratropical%20cyclone%20--%20Britannica%20Online%20Encyclopedia
Blazeblitzblade (talk) 03:28, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
New redirect request
Title of new redirect: Wave Cyclones
Target of redirect: Extratropical Cyclone
Reason: Plural of Wave Cyclone and synonymous to Extratropical Cyclones
Source (if applicable):
Blazeblitzblade (talk) 03:32, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
Turn Creative Ltd.
This request for creation has been declined. Please do not modify it. |
---|
This request for creation has been reviewed. The reviewer comments appear below the article text.
If you want to make changes and try again, copy and paste your article into a new submission and make your changes there.
Turn Italic textis a creative-led communication firm founded by Tony Hon, Stephen Chan and Nicole Chan. Tony was graduated from Hong Kong Polytechnic University and he formed a partnership with Stephen Chan, a friend of Tony since youth, to start the company. Tony and Stephen believe in creativity, they aim to provide creative communication solution in the most efficient and the simplest way to clients.
Headline text1. Organizational structure 2. Clients 3. Major campaigns 4. External links
Headline textTony Hon- Founder Over 15 years of advertising experiences from Art Director to Executive Creative Director on various international advertising agency networks, e.g. O& M, JWT, FCB, Grey and M& C Saatchi. Awards winner in One Show, Advertising Festival and New York Festival, Asian Advertising Awards, Times Advertising Awards, Hong Kong 4As and LongXi since 1992. Judging panel of Hong Kong 4As Awards and New York Festival. Stephen Chan- Founder Interactive Creative Director of Euro RSCG, he has over 15 years of creative communication experiences. Nicole Chan- Executive Producer Marketing Manager of Philip Morris, she has over 12 years of marketing and planning experiences.
Headline textAS Watsons Convoy China Construction Bank (Asia) DHC Hong Kong Limited Heinken JF Asset Management Olympus HK & China Samsung
Headline textOlympus Hong Kong The “Beautiful Inside” campaign was developed by Turn for Olympus Hong Kong in 2007. Contrary to any conventional imaging campaigns, the campaign focused on the brand’s internal value in themes of love, faith, courage, joy and the hope for a bright future. Apart from regular ATL and BTL campaigns, Olympus HK and Turn launched a photo exhibition, named “My Journey of Beautiful Inside”. They invited a blind but multi-award winning Japanese photographer to arouse people’s awareness of shooting with hearts and feelings. JF Asset Management Turn cooperated with JF Asset Management for its new campaign in 2007. JF Investment Centre is situated in Central for more than 20 years. In order to generate higher traffic for JF Investment Centre, Turn introduced “Mr. JF Pointer” who was an animated hand with a finger directing customers the way to the centre. The campaign included outdoor, inter-action, print and events. Samsung LCD FHD TV Samsung is a brand of innovation and HD TV blue-ray technology was Samsung’s latest trend of home entertainment. As new technologies advance everyday, Turn gave customers a sensational taste of the TV by reinforcing its optical art, its stunning audio effects and the voluptuous feeling of touch on its slimness, the strategy enriched customers’ experience in using the product. The campaign included TVC, print and outdoor platforms. Convoy Convoy, a local and independent financial adviser, pioneered its own equity of impartiality and independence for clients. And with the vision of “Customers always Come First” and the proposition of “Our Focus is You”, a spokesperson Ah Ching was born. People are more reacted to faces and icons, the agency used human figures to create the immediate brand registration. TVC, print, outdoors, emoticons, etc. were created around this character. External Links Turn online @ www.turn.com.hk Facebook id: TURN HK
Sourceshttp://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=22265458914&ref=mf www.turn.com.hk Tonyhon2005 (talk) 03:41, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
|
This is an archived discussion. Please do not modify it. |
Turn Creative Ltd.
This request for creation has been declined. Please do not modify it. |
---|
This request for creation has been reviewed. The reviewer comments appear below the article text.
If you want to make changes and try again, copy and paste your article into a new submission and make your changes there.
Turnis a creative-led communication firm founded by Tony Hon, Stephen Chan and Nicole Chan. Tony was graduated from Hong Kong Polytechnic University and he formed a partnership with Stephen Chan, a friend of Tony since youth, to start the company. Tony and Stephen believe in creativity, they aim to provide creative communication solution in the most efficient and the simplest way to clients.
Tony Hon- Founder Over 15 years of advertising experiences from Art Director to Executive Creative Director on various international advertising agency networks, e.g. O& M, JWT, FCB, Grey and M& C Saatchi. Awards winner in One Show, Advertising Festival and New York Festival, Asian Advertising Awards, Times Advertising Awards, Hong Kong 4As and LongXi since 1992. Judging panel of Hong Kong 4As Awards and New York Festival. Stephen Chan- Founder Interactive Creative Director of Euro RSCG, he has over 15 years of creative communication experiences. Nicole Chan- Executive Producer Marketing Manager of Philip Morris, she has over 12 years of marketing and planning experiences. Clients AS Watsons Convoy China Construction Bank (Asia) DHC Hong Kong Limited Heinken JF Asset Management Olympus HK & China Samsung
Olympus Hong Kong The “Beautiful Inside” campaign was developed by Turn for Olympus Hong Kong in 2007. Contrary to any conventional imaging campaigns, the campaign focused on the brand’s internal value in themes of love, faith, courage, joy and the hope for a bright future. Apart from regular ATL and BTL campaigns, Olympus HK and Turn launched a photo exhibition, named “My Journey of Beautiful Inside”. They invited a blind but multi-award winning Japanese photographer to arouse people’s awareness of shooting with hearts and feelings. JF Asset Management Turn cooperated with JF Asset Management for its new campaign in 2007. JF Investment Centre is situated in Central for more than 20 years. In order to generate higher traffic for JF Investment Centre, Turn introduced “Mr. JF Pointer” who was an animated hand with a finger directing customers the way to the centre. The campaign included outdoor, inter-action, print and events. Samsung LCD FHD TV Samsung is a brand of innovation and HD TV blue-ray technology was Samsung’s latest trend of home entertainment. As new technologies advance everyday, Turn gave customers a sensational taste of the TV by reinforcing its optical art, its stunning audio effects and the voluptuous feeling of touch on its slimness, the strategy enriched customers’ experience in using the product. The campaign included TVC, print and outdoor platforms. Convoy Convoy, a local and independent financial adviser, pioneered its own equity of impartiality and independence for clients. And with the vision of “Customers always Come First” and the proposition of “Our Focus is You”, a spokesperson Ah Ching was born. People are more reacted to faces and icons, the agency used human figures to create the immediate brand registration. TVC, print, outdoors, emoticons, etc. were created around this character. External Links Turn online @ www.turn.com.hk Facebook id: TURN HK
Sourceshttp://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=22265458914&ref=mf www.turn.com.hk Tonyhon2005 (talk) 03:46, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
|
This is an archived discussion. Please do not modify it. |
Turn Creative Ltd.
Turnis a creative-led communication firm founded by Tony Hon, Stephen Chan and Nicole Chan. Tony was graduated from Hong Kong Polytechnic University and he formed a partnership with Stephen Chan, a friend of Tony since youth, to start the company. Tony and Stephen believe in creativity, they aim to provide creative communication solution in the most efficient and the simplest way to clients.
Content
1. Organizational structure
2. Clients
3. Major campaigns
4. External links
Organizational Structure
Tony Hon- Founder Over 15 years of advertising experiences from Art Director to Executive Creative Director on various international advertising agency networks, e.g. O& M, JWT, FCB, Grey and M& C Saatchi.
Awards winner in One Show, Advertising Festival and New York Festival, Asian Advertising Awards, Times Advertising Awards, Hong Kong 4As and LongXi since 1992.
Judging panel of Hong Kong 4As Awards and New York Festival.
Stephen Chan- Founder Interactive Creative Director of Euro RSCG, he has over 15 years of creative communication experiences.
Nicole Chan- Executive Producer Marketing Manager of Philip Morris, she has over 12 years of marketing and planning experiences.
Clients AS Watsons Convoy China Construction Bank (Asia) DHC Hong Kong Limited Heinken JF Asset Management Olympus HK & China Samsung
Major Campaigns
Olympus Hong Kong The “Beautiful Inside” campaign was developed by Turn for Olympus Hong Kong in 2007. Contrary to any conventional imaging campaigns, the campaign focused on the brand’s internal value in themes of love, faith, courage, joy and the hope for a bright future. Apart from regular ATL and BTL campaigns, Olympus HK and Turn launched a photo exhibition, named “My Journey of Beautiful Inside”. They invited a blind but multi-award winning Japanese photographer to arouse people’s awareness of shooting with hearts and feelings.
JF Asset Management Turn cooperated with JF Asset Management for its new campaign in 2007. JF Investment Centre is situated in Central for more than 20 years. In order to generate higher traffic for JF Investment Centre, Turn introduced “Mr. JF Pointer” who was an animated hand with a finger directing customers the way to the centre. The campaign included outdoor, inter-action, print and events.
Samsung LCD FHD TV Samsung is a brand of innovation and HD TV blue-ray technology was Samsung’s latest trend of home entertainment. As new technologies advance everyday, Turn gave customers a sensational taste of the TV by reinforcing its optical art, its stunning audio effects and the voluptuous feeling of touch on its slimness, the strategy enriched customers’ experience in using the product. The campaign included TVC, print and outdoor platforms.
Convoy Convoy, a local and independent financial adviser, pioneered its own equity of impartiality and independence for clients. And with the vision of “Customers always Come First” and the proposition of “Our Focus is You”, a spokesperson Ah Ching was born. People are more reacted to faces and icons, the agency used human figures to create the immediate brand registration. TVC, print, outdoors, emoticons, etc. were created around this character.
External Links Turn online @ www.turn.com.hk Facebook id: TURN HK
Sources
http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=22265458914&ref=mf www.turn.com.hk
Tonyhon2005 (talk) 03:47, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
Turn Creative Ltd.
Turn is a creative-led communication firm founded by Tony Hon, Stephen Chan and Nicole Chan. Tony was graduated from Hong Kong Polytechnic University and he formed a partnership with Stephen Chan, a friend of Tony since youth, to start the company. Tony and Stephen believe in creativity, they aim to provide creative communication solution in the most efficient and the simplest way to clients.
Organizational Structure
Tony Hon- Founder Over 15 years of advertising experiences from Art Director to Executive Creative Director on various international advertising agency networks, e.g. O& M, JWT, FCB, Grey and M& C Saatchi.
Awards winner in One Show, Advertising Festival and New York Festival, Asian Advertising Awards, Times Advertising Awards, Hong Kong 4As and LongXi since 1992.
Judging panel of Hong Kong 4As Awards and New York Festival.
Stephen Chan- Founder Interactive Creative Director of Euro RSCG, he has over 15 years of creative communication experiences.
Nicole Chan- Executive Producer Marketing Manager of Philip Morris, she has over 12 years of marketing and planning experience
Clients
AS Watsons
Convoy
China Construction Bank (Asia)
DHC Hong Kong Limited
Heinken
JF Asset Management
Olympus HK & China
Samsung
Major Campaigns
Olympus Hong Kong The “Beautiful Inside” campaign was developed by Turn for Olympus Hong Kong in 2007. Contrary to any conventional imaging campaigns, the campaign focused on the brand’s internal value in themes of love, faith, courage, joy and the hope for a bright future. Apart from regular ATL and BTL campaigns, Olympus HK and Turn launched a photo exhibition, named “My Journey of Beautiful Inside”. They invited a blind but multi-award winning Japanese photographer to arouse people’s awareness of shooting with hearts and feelings.
JF Asset Management Turn cooperated with JF Asset Management for its new campaign in 2007. JF Investment Centre is situated in Central for more than 20 years. In order to generate higher traffic for JF Investment Centre, Turn introduced “Mr. JF Pointer” who was an animated hand with a finger directing customers the way to the centre. The campaign included outdoor, inter-action, print and events.
Samsung LCD FHD TV Samsung is a brand of innovation and HD TV blue-ray technology was Samsung’s latest trend of home entertainment. As new technologies advance everyday, Turn gave customers a sensational taste of the TV by reinforcing its optical art, its stunning audio effects and the voluptuous feeling of touch on its slimness, the strategy enriched customers’ experience in using the product. The campaign included TVC, print and outdoor platforms.
Convoy Convoy, a local and independent financial adviser, pioneered its own equity of impartiality and independence for clients. And with the vision of “Customers always Come First” and the proposition of “Our Focus is You”, a spokesperson Ah Ching was born. People are more reacted to faces and icons, the agency used human figures to create the immediate brand registration. TVC, print, outdoors, emoticons, etc. were created around this character.
External Links Turn online @ www.turn.com.hk Facebook id: TURN HK
Sources
http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=22265458914&ref=mf www.turn.com.hk
Tonyhon2005 (talk) 03:49, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
Turnis a creative-led communication firm founded by Tony Hon, Stephen Chan and Nicole Chan. Tony was graduated from Hong Kong Polytechnic University and he formed a partnership with Stephen Chan, a friend of Tony since youth, to start the company. Tony and Stephen believe in creativity, they aim to provide creative communication solution in the most efficient and the simplest way to clients.
Content
1. Organizational structure
2. Clients
3. Major campaigns
4. External links
Organizational Structure
Tony Hon- Founder Over 15 years of advertising experiences from Art Director to Executive Creative Director on various international advertising agency networks, e.g. O& M, JWT, FCB, Grey and M& C Saatchi.
Awards winner in One Show, Advertising Festival and New York Festival, Asian Advertising Awards, Times Advertising Awards, Hong Kong 4As and LongXi since 1992.
Judging panel of Hong Kong 4As Awards and New York Festival.
Stephen Chan- Founder Interactive Creative Director of Euro RSCG, he has over 15 years of creative communication experiences.
Nicole Chan- Executive Producer Marketing Manager of Philip Morris, she has over 12 years of marketing and planning experiences.
Clients AS Watsons Convoy China Construction Bank (Asia) DHC Hong Kong Limited Heinken JF Asset Management Olympus HK & China Samsung
Major Campaigns
Olympus Hong Kong The “Beautiful Inside” campaign was developed by Turn for Olympus Hong Kong in 2007. Contrary to any conventional imaging campaigns, the campaign focused on the brand’s internal value in themes of love, faith, courage, joy and the hope for a bright future. Apart from regular ATL and BTL campaigns, Olympus HK and Turn launched a photo exhibition, named “My Journey of Beautiful Inside”. They invited a blind but multi-award winning Japanese photographer to arouse people’s awareness of shooting with hearts and feelings.
JF Asset Management Turn cooperated with JF Asset Management for its new campaign in 2007. JF Investment Centre is situated in Central for more than 20 years. In order to generate higher traffic for JF Investment Centre, Turn introduced “Mr. JF Pointer” who was an animated hand with a finger directing customers the way to the centre. The campaign included outdoor, inter-action, print and events.
Samsung LCD FHD TV Samsung is a brand of innovation and HD TV blue-ray technology was Samsung’s latest trend of home entertainment. As new technologies advance everyday, Turn gave customers a sensational taste of the TV by reinforcing its optical art, its stunning audio effects and the voluptuous feeling of touch on its slimness, the strategy enriched customers’ experience in using the product. The campaign included TVC, print and outdoor platforms.
Convoy Convoy, a local and independent financial adviser, pioneered its own equity of impartiality and independence for clients. And with the vision of “Customers always Come First” and the proposition of “Our Focus is You”, a spokesperson Ah Ching was born. People are more reacted to faces and icons, the agency used human figures to create the immediate brand registration. TVC, print, outdoors, emoticons, etc. were created around this character.
External Links Turn online @ www.turn.com.hk Facebook id: TURN HK
Sources
http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=22265458914&ref=mf www.turn.com.hk
Tonyhon2005 (talk) 03:50, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
Turn is a creative-led communication firm founded by Tony Hon, Stephen Chan and Nicole Chan. Tony was graduated from Hong Kong Polytechnic University and he formed a partnership with Stephen Chan, a friend of Tony since youth, to start the company. Tony and Stephen believe in creativity, they aim to provide creative communication solution in the most efficient and the simplest way to clients.
Organizational Structure
Tony Hon- Founder
Over 15 years of advertising experiences from Art Director to Executive Creative Director on various international advertising agency networks, e.g. O& M, JWT, FCB, Grey and M& C Saatchi.
Awards winner in One Show, Advertising Festival and New York Festival, Asian Advertising Awards, Times Advertising Awards, Hong Kong 4As and LongXi since 1992.
Judging panel of Hong Kong 4As Awards and New York Festival.
Stephen Chan- Founder Interactive Creative Director of Euro RSCG, he has over 15 years of creative communication experiences.
Nicole Chan- Executive producer Marketing Manager of Philip Morris, she has over 12 years of marketing and planning experiences.
Clients AS Watsons Convoy China Construction Bank (Asia) DHC Hong Kong Limited Heinken JF Asset Management Olympus HK & China Samsung
Major Campaigns Olympus Hong Kong The “Beautiful Inside” campaign was developed by Turn for Olympus Hong Kong in 2007. Contrary to any conventional imaging campaigns, the campaign focused on the brand’s internal value in themes of love, faith, courage, joy and the hope for a bright future. Apart from regular ATL and BTL campaigns, Olympus HK and Turn launched a photo exhibition, named “My Journey of Beautiful Inside”. They invited a blind but multi-award winning Japanese photographer to arouse people’s awareness of shooting with hearts and feelings.
JF Asset Management Turn cooperated with JF Asset Management for its new campaign in 2007. JF Investment Centre is situated in Central for more than 20 years. In order to generate higher traffic for JF Investment Centre, Turn introduced “Mr. JF Pointer” who was an animated hand with a finger directing customers the way to the centre. The campaign included outdoor, inter-action, print and events.
Samsung LCD FHD TV Samsung is a brand of innovation and HD TV blue-ray technology was Samsung’s latest trend of home entertainment. As new technologies advance everyday, Turn gave customers a sensational taste of the TV by reinforcing its optical art, its stunning audio effects and the voluptuous feeling of touch on its slimness, the strategy enriched customers’ experience in using the product. The campaign included TVC, print and outdoor platforms.
Convoy
Convoy, a local and independent financial adviser, pioneered its own equity of impartiality and independence for clients. And with the vision of “Customers always Come First” and the proposition of “Our Focus is You”, a spokesperson Ah Ching was born. People are more reacted to faces and icons, the agency used human figures to create the immediate brand registration. TVC, print, outdoors, emoticons, etc. were created around this character.
External Links Turn online @ www.turn.com.hk Facebook id: TURN HK
Sources
Tonyhon2005 (talk) 03:52, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
List of Marquises of Villafranca del Bierzo
List of Marquises of Villafranca del Bierzo
- Juana Osorio y Pimentel, I Marquesa de Villafranca
- Luis Pimentel y Pacheco, II Marqués de Villafranca
- Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Osorio, III Marqués de Villafranca
- García Álvarez de Toledo y Osorio, IV Marqués de Villafranca
- Pedro Álvarez de Toledo y Colonna, V Marqués de Villafranca
- García Álvarez de Toledo y Mendoza, VI Marqués de Villafranca
- Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Ponce de León, VII Marqués de Villafranca
- Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Fernández de Córdoba, VIII Marqués de Villafranca
- Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Aragón, IX Marqués de Villafranca
- Antonio Álvarez de Toledo y Pérez de Guzmán, X Marqués de Villafranca
- José Álvarez de Toledo y Gonzaga, XI Marqués de Villafranca y XV Duque de Medina-Sidonia
- Francisco de Borja Álvarez de Toledo y Gonzaga, XII Marqués de Villafranca y XVI Duque de Medina-Sidonia
- Pedro de Alcántara Álvarez de Toledo y Palafox, XIII Marqués de Villafranca y XVII Duque de Medina-Sidonia
- José Joaquín Álvarez de Toledo y Silva, XIV Marqués de Villafranca y XVIII Duque de Medina-Sidonia
- José Joaquín Álvarez de Toledo y Caro, XV Marqués de Villafranca y XIX Duque de Medina-Sidonia
- Joaquín Álvarez de Toledo y Caro, XVI Marqués de Villafranca y XX Duque de Medina-Sidonia
- Luisa Isabel Álvarez de Toledo y Maura, XVII Marquesa de Villafranca y XXI Duquesa de Medina-Sidonia
- Leoncio Alonso González de Gregorio y Álvarez de Toledo, XVIII Marqués de Villafranca y XXII Duque de Medina-Sidonia
Sources
74.224.69.245 (talk) 04:16, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
Singapore Sun Festival
This request for creation has been declined. Please do not modify it. |
---|
This request for creation has been reviewed. The reviewer comments appear below the article text.
If you want to make changes and try again, copy and paste your article into a new submission and make your changes there.
SINGAPORE SUN FESTIVAL Singapore Sun Festival was inaugurated by IMG Artists in October 2007 and is an annual multi-arts and integrated lifestyle Festival that celebrates the ‘Art of Living Well’ through the 7 disciplines of Music, Visual Art, Literature, Film, Wine, Food and Wellness. The Festival is a global life-style brand owned by the global arts management group, IMG Artists (www.imgartists.com) The Singapore Sun Festival is the 3rd installment and exclusive Asian continental home of this leading global festival which is already celebrated annually in Cortona, Tuscany (Italy) and the Napa Valley, California (USA). In 2007, the Festival saw over 150 musicians, artists, chefs, authors and wellness and wine experts in more than 70 events over 13 days, present their crafts at Singapore’s leading venues. The extremely successful and critically acclaimed inaugural Singapore Sun Festival exposed both those living in Singapore and visitors to Singapore to many superb, high quality, prestigious events. The critically-acclaimed Singapore Sun Festival, returns for another celebration from 17 to 26 October 2008. This year’s festival is bigger than before, with more than 90 exhilarating events over a period of 10 days, featuring more than 350 regional and international artists and celebrities in some of Singapore’s leading venues. The Singapore Sun Festival 2008 continues the international tradition of high quality events featuring stellar artists and unforgettable experiences that celebrate life and the art of living well. The Festival begins with a Gala Opening Concert at the Esplanade Concert Hall on Saturday, 18 October, where for the first time ever, Academy Award-winning director and actor Robert Redford, the legendary grand dame of opera Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, and the renowned Vienna Boys Choir will share one stage. The concert will feature Prokofiev’s popular work, Peter and the Wolf, narrated by Robert Redford, accompanied by the Academies Festival Orchestra under the baton of Mexican conductor, Alondra de la Parra, as well as a selection of arias and songs by Dame Kiri Te Kanawa and the Vienna Boys Choir, led by conductor Julian Reynolds. Other key highlights include concerts by one of the world’s finest orchestras – the Los Angeles Philharmonic – visiting Singapore for the first time with its Music Director, prominent Finnish conductor, Esa-Pekka Salonen and Grammy-winning pianist Yefim Bronfman (26 October); Sarah Chang, the captivating Korean-American violinist with the Los Angeles Philharmonic (25 October); the Singapore debut performance by the UBS Verbier Festival Chamber Orchestra with conductor Gábor Takács-Nagy and mezzo-soprano Frederica von Stade (23 October); and a recital by one of the great pianists of the century, Murray Perahia (24 October). Sensational indoor and outdoor waterfront concerts by superb artists from the jazz and popular music genres – Peter Cincotti (21 October), Jesse Cook (25 October), Spencer Day (25 October) and the Brazilian Grammy Award-winning legend Sergio Mendes (22 October) - make up the other music performances of the Festival. Other tantalizing events of the 2008 Festival include sumptuous cuisine and glorious wines in fabulous settings, involving world-renowned chefs and wine-makers, including the American culinary arts legend Charlie Trotter who will prepare an elegant five-course signature dinner event at the Straits Room of the Fullerton Hotel and also conduct a cooking demonstration at Privé; Luke Mangan of Glass Brasserie in Hilton Sydney, Salt Tokyo and San Francisco’s South Food and Wine Bar fame who will be involved in four different cuisine and wine events throughout the Festival with international wine writer Curtis Marsh who will guide diners through a selection of fine wines; and Riccardo Genovesi, chef and owner of Il Girasole (Sirmione on Garda Lake) who will feature the premium produce of white truffles in his culinary creations for the Festival, at some of Singapore’s best restaurants including Graze, Flutes at the Fort and Garibaldi. Local celebrity chef, Samia Ahad, will provide insights and guidance at her cooking classes in the intimate setting of Coriander Leaf’s Cooking Studio; as well as prepare a gourmet feast for dining on board a magnificent schooner, Rising Tide, with celebrated traveller, photographer and publisher Hans Hoefer as host. A prestigious Wine Auction will also be held as part of the 2008 Festival, following on from the successful Wine Auction held in 2007 that raised over S$800,000 for the charity, The VIVA Foundation for Children with Cancer. This year, the Wine Auction will feature a main course specially designed by Charlie Trotter, Dame Kiri Te Kanawa as guest performer and Sotheby’s senior auctioneer Stephen Mould who will conduct the auction of many superb and exclusive lots that will include some of the world’s rarest and most valuable wines paired with premium items such as VIP visits to Hollywood film sets, fashion festivals, leading international sporting events and much more. Oil paintings by German-born abstract artist, Sibylle Szaggars at the Arts House, and works by acclaimed artist Hans Mendler at tcc (The Gallery) make up this year’s Visual Arts programme. Continuing on the themes of travel, globalisation and the art of living well, the Literature programme features talks and workshops by three great authors – Australia’s best-selling author Cameron Forbes; award-winning novelist and playwright Merlinda Bobis; and published travel writer and accomplished political foreign correspondent Andrew Forbes - who will delve into the world of history, fiction, food, poetry and news journalism. The Literature programme is complemented by a regional travel writing competition entitled “Asia Through My Eyes”; and a new regional photography competition entitled “Urbanscapes” organised together with Insight Guides, the leading publisher of visual travel guide books and maps. The Festival will also present free outdoor screenings at the Singapore Botanic Gardens of films with a Singapore Sun Festival flavour – Eat Drink Man Woman (24 October); Tortilla Soup (25 October); and Big Night (26 October). Special food and film-paired events at Screening Room – Le Grand Chef (17 & 18 October) and Volver (24 & 25 October) – underscore the spirit of the Sun Festival. Finally under the Wellness programme, Festival-goers can indulge in special Sun Festival spa treatments at the Festival’s official spa, Spa Botanica; free yoga and taiji sessions along the waterfront; and yoga workshops conducted by international yoga instructors. Talks by wellness experts on taiji philosophy and practice, energy healing, and stress management with meditation and acupressure complete the programme. Both free and ticketed events are offered in the Singapore Sun Festival, with tickets starting at S$ 12 for Literature and Wellness talks and workshops. More inforamtion and bookings can be made through www.sistic.com.
The Singapore Sun Festival is supported by the Singapore Tourism Board. Sources203.125.2.190 (talk) 06:48, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
|
This is an archived discussion. Please do not modify it. |
Singapore Sun Festival
This request for creation has been declined. Please do not modify it. |
---|
This request for creation has been reviewed. The reviewer comments appear below the article text.
If you want to make changes and try again, copy and paste your article into a new submission and make your changes there.
Singapore Sun Festival (www.singaporesunfestival.com) was inaugurated by IMG Artists (www.imgartists.com) in October 2007 and is an annual multi-arts and integrated lifestyle Festival that celebrates the ‘Art of Living Well’ through the 7 disciplines of Music, Visual Art, Literature, Film, Wine, Food and Wellness. The Festival is a global life-style brand owned by the global arts management group, IMG Artists. The Singapore Sun Festival is the 3rd installment and exclusive Asian continental home of this leading global festival which is already celebrated annually in Cortona, Tuscany (Italy) and the Napa Valley, California (USA). In 2007, the Festival saw over 150 musicians, artists, chefs, authors and wellness and wine experts in more than 70 events over 13 days, present their crafts at Singapore’s leading venues. The extremely successful and critically acclaimed inaugural Singapore Sun Festival exposed both those living in Singapore and visitors to Singapore to many superb, high quality, prestigious events. The Singapore Sun Festival 2008 will be held from 18 – 26 October this year. The Festival begins with a Gala Opening Concert at the Esplanade Concert Hall on Saturday, 18 October, where for the first time ever, Academy Award-winning director and actor Robert Redford, the legendary grand dame of opera Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, and the renowned Vienna Boys Choir will share one stage. The concert will feature Prokofiev’s popular work, Peter and the Wolf, narrated by Robert Redford, accompanied by the Academies Festival Orchestra under the baton of Mexican conductor, Alondra de la Parra, as well as a selection of arias and songs by Dame Kiri Te Kanawa and the Vienna Boys Choir, led by conductor Julian Reynolds. Other key highlights include concerts by one of the world’s finest orchestras – the Los Angeles Philharmonic – visiting Singapore for the first time with its Music Director, prominent Finnish conductor, Esa-Pekka Salonen and Grammy-winning pianist Yefim Bronfman (26 October); Sarah Chang, the captivating Korean-American violinist with the Los Angeles Philharmonic (25 October); the Singapore debut performance by the UBS Verbier Festival Chamber Orchestra with conductor Gábor Takács-Nagy and mezzo-soprano Frederica von Stade (23 October); and a recital by one of the great pianists of the century, Murray Perahia (24 October). Sensational indoor and outdoor waterfront concerts by superb artists from the jazz and popular music genres – Peter Cincotti (21 October), Jesse Cook (25 October), Spencer Day (25 October) and the Brazilian Grammy Award-winning legend Sergio Mendes (22 October) - make up the other music performances of the Festival. Other tantalizing events of the 2008 Festival include sumptuous cuisine and glorious wines in fabulous settings, involving world-renowned chefs and wine-makers, including the American culinary arts legend Charlie Trotter who will prepare an elegant five-course signature dinner event at the Straits Room of the Fullerton Hotel and also conduct a cooking demonstration at Privé; Luke Mangan of Glass Brasserie in Hilton Sydney, Salt Tokyo and San Francisco’s South Food and Wine Bar fame who will be involved in four different cuisine and wine events throughout the Festival with international wine writer Curtis Marsh who will guide diners through a selection of fine wines; and Riccardo Genovesi, chef and owner of Il Girasole (Sirmione on Garda Lake) who will feature the premium produce of white truffles in his culinary creations for the Festival, at some of Singapore’s best restaurants including Graze, Flutes at the Fort and Garibaldi. A prestigious Wine Auction will also be held as part of the 2008 Festival, following on from the successful Wine Auction held in 2007 that raised over S$800,000 for the charity, The VIVA Foundation for Children with Cancer. This year, the Wine Auction will feature a main course specially designed by Charlie Trotter, Dame Kiri Te Kanawa as guest performer and Sotheby’s senior auctioneer Stephen Mould who will conduct the auction of many superb and exclusive lots that will include some of the world’s rarest and most valuable wines paired with premium items such as VIP visits to Hollywood film sets, fashion festivals, leading international sporting events and much more. Oil paintings by German-born abstract artist, Sibylle Szaggars at the Arts House, and works by acclaimed artist Hans Mendler at tcc (The Gallery) make up this year’s Visual Arts programme. Continuing on the themes of travel, globalisation and the art of living well, the Literature programme features talks and workshops by three great authors – Australia’s best-selling author Cameron Forbes; award-winning novelist and playwright Merlinda Bobis; and published travel writer and accomplished political foreign correspondent Andrew Forbes - who will delve into the world of history, fiction, food, poetry and news journalism. The Literature programme is complemented by a regional travel writing competition entitled “Asia Through My Eyes”; and a new regional photography competition entitled “Urbanscapes” organised together with Insight Guides, the leading publisher of visual travel guide books and maps. The Festival will also present free outdoor screenings at the Singapore Botanic Gardens of films with a Singapore Sun Festival flavour – Eat Drink Man Woman (24 October); Tortilla Soup (25 October); and Big Night (26 October). Special food and film-paired events at Screening Room – Le Grand Chef (17 & 18 October) and Volver (24 & 25 October) – underscore the spirit of the Sun Festival. Finally under the Wellness programme, Festival-goers can indulge in special Sun Festival spa treatments at the Festival’s official spa, Spa Botanica; free yoga and taiji sessions along the waterfront; and yoga workshops conducted by international yoga instructors. Talks by wellness experts on taiji philosophy and practice, energy healing, and stress management with meditation and acupressure complete the programme. The Singapore Sun Festival is the third and only Asian chapter of a global lifestyle brand owned by the international arts management group, IMG Artists. The Sun Festival is also celebrated annually in Cortona, Tuscany (Italy) and the Napa Valley, California (USA). The Singapore Sun Festival is supported by the Singapore Tourism Board (http://app.stb.gov.sg) Sourceswww.imgartists.com, www.singaporesunfestival.com, www.stb.gov.sg
|
This is an archived discussion. Please do not modify it. |
April Vokey
April Vokey (born April 10th, 1983) is a Canadian angler, guide and free-lance columnist. She is the West-Coast field editor for the Canadian Fly Fisher magazine (6) where her works are distributed to thousands of subscribers across North America (19). She is currently considered one of the leading female anglers in the fishing industry.
Biography
Personal Life
Vokey, along with her sister, Dana, was born in Surrey, B.C., where she attended and completed high school and University. Here she majored in music, before discovering her passion for fly-fishing and switching career paths. She once graced the stage with leading roles in musical theatre and solo concerts. April is a self-taught angler (2+10)and now spends her days chasing wild steelhead with her Spey rod (6). She is an avid fly-tier and is most passionate about Atlantic Salmon patterns, spending much of her free time practising this intricate art (6). April owns a fly-fishing school that caters to newcomers of every age and sex (20).
Career
Vokey began fishing conventional gear at an early age, and throughout the years, progressed to the art of fly-fishing. She began working for the Canadian Fly Fisher magazine in 2006, where she has appeared on the cover, and regularly contributes feature articles. Other magazines her articles and photos can be found in include, Salmon Trout Steelheader (STS), Field and Steam, Fish Frontiers(1,2,3,4,5), Fashion and Fly-Fishing (Japanese), Wedkarski Swiat (Polish)(17) where she was featured on the cover. She has also been featured in DVD's for Fly Max Films (18), Carl Mann's Columbia Country (16) and Fly-Fishing on the Web (9).
Sources
1- http://www.fishfrontiers.com/articles/189.cfm 2- http://www.fishfrontiers.com/articles/190.cfm 3- http://www.fishfrontiers.com/articles/191.cfm 4- http://www.fishfrontiers.com/articles/199.cfm 5- http://www.fishfrontiers.com/articles/201.cfm 6- http://www.canflyfish.com/2007/about.asp 7- http://www.canflyfish.com/2007/CoastalBCReport2.asp 8- http://ffotw.com/podcast.php?epsd=9 9- http://www.ffotw.com/blog/?p=99 10- http://www.canflyfish.com/2007/backissues.asp 11- http://www.wfn.tv/news/magazines/index.php?id=38&type=flyfishing 12- http://www.simmsfishing.com/site/fraser_river_doe.html 13- http://www.hatches.tv/play.php?vid=247 14- http://www.wfn.tv/reelroadtrip/index.php?cp=0&cv=0&event=13 15- http://womensportfishing.com/guides.htm 16- http://www.welikefishing.com/shop/episode-dvds/fly-fishing/bull-trout-a-on-the-flya- /prod_125.html 17- http://www.wedkarskiswiat.pl/content/view/575/302/ 18- http://flymaxfilms.com/ 19- http://www.canflyfish.com/2007/advertise.asp 20- http://www.flygal.ca/
Dictionary111 (talk) 08:41, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
Mikhail, Coptic Orthodox Metropolitan of Asyut
Anba Mikhail (born 1911 or 1912), is the Elder Metropolitan of the Holy Metropolis of Asyut (Lycopolis), (Hieracon) and (Apollonopolis Parva) and Abbot of the Monastery of Saint Macarius the Great, in Scetes, Lower Egypt of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria.
Metropolitan Mikhail was born in 1911 or 1912, in the poor family of Egyptian Coptic Christians. He became monk of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria on 19 February 1939. He was ordained priest on 17 November 1939. He has served as Coptic Orthodox Metropolitan of Asyut since 1946. His episcopal ordination took place on 25 August 1946. At present he is probably the most senior Oriental orthodox bishop in the date of episcopal ordination in the world.
References
Sources
http://www.theholysynod.copticpope.org/m001.htm (in Arabic and English)
http://en.wikipedia.org/The_Holy_Synod_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Patriarchate_of_Alexandria
http://www.almesryoon.com/ShowDetails.asp?NewID=36509&Page=1 (in Arabic)
http://www.anbawissa.org/vb/showthread.php?t=11930 (in Arabic)
http://www.hierarchy.religare.ru/h-aincvost-monofiz.html (in Russian)
195.98.10.29 (talk) 14:15, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
Ark-Aïk is a French independent record label founded in 2003 by Ybrid and dj Di-om, specialised
Ark-aïk's artists include lingouf, Anth-Ybio, XIII, Moha-tyb, dj Manoosh, Guy la hache, Speedygonzakor,Processus, dj Specimen, and dj Shakti.
Discography
12":
- Dragonid, d'Ybrid (12", Ark001)
- Excetra, d'Ybrid (12", Ark002)
- Scorpinaca / Datura d'Ybrid (12", Ark003)
- Kovoclak' de Lingouf (12", Ark004)
CD:
- Internazional Fratricide, de Lingouf (CD, ArkCD002)
- Khaos de Viscera', de Ybrid (CD, ArkCD003)
- Ecritomate, de Lingouf (CD, ArkCD004)
External links
discogs :
See also
Bunch
Bunch is a creative agency, with bases in London, Zagreb and Singapore.
The Company:
Bunch was established in 2003, by Denis Kovac and Paulo Silva. It spread organically from London to Zagreb and then to Singapore. They were joined shortly after by their friends Mark Hurst, Pavel Ivanov, Ivan Husar and Jo Kotas, and the subsequent union formed the multi-disciplinary design agency that is the Bunch of today. They use their wide range of specialisations to create intelligent and consistent brands for their diverse clients. And believe that creativity, clarity and consistency are the keys to successful design.
Bastardised:
Not many design studios can boast an identity that incorporates work by Build, Carlos Segura, Paul Davies, Stefan Sagmeister James Goggin and Alexander Gelman. A design agency called Bunch, however, can. In March 2007, Bunch approached designers and image-makers they admired and asked them to produce a “visual reaction” to it, sign it and return it. The resulting “Bunchisms” (there are over 800 to date) have been reproduced on business cards, mugs, T-shirts and the company’s new letterheads and comp slips too. The project was also recognised in the 2008 D&AD Annual. They are currently publishing Bastardised to celebrate the project. The book will launch in Autumn 2008.
Publications:
Chapter I (2005)
Chapter II (2007)
Bastardised (Autumn 2008)
Type:
Small and medium enterprise
Founded:
London, United Kingdom (2003)
Headquarters:
London, England, United Kingdom
Key people:
Denis Kovac, Co-founder/Creative Director
Paulo Silva, Co-founder
Jo Kotas, Managing Director
Mark Hurst, Creative Consultant
Pavel Ivanov, Motion Director
Ivan Husar, Interactive Director
Industry:
Graphic design, illustration, web design, motion (2d/3d),
Employees:
8 (2008)
Website:
www.bunchdesign.com
www.madeinbunch.com
Sources
Bunch00 (talk) 15:12, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
Bunch
Bunch is a creative agency, with bases in London, Zagreb and Singapore.
The Company:
Bunch was established in 2003, by Denis Kovac and Paulo Silva. It spread organically from London to Zagreb and then to Singapore. They were joined shortly after by their friends Mark Hurst, Pavel Ivanov, Ivan Husar and Jo Kotas, and the subsequent union formed the multi-disciplinary design agency that is the Bunch of today. They use their wide range of specialisations to create intelligent and consistent brands for their diverse clients. And believe that creativity, clarity and consistency are the keys to successful design.
Bastardised:
Not many design studios can boast an identity that incorporates work by Build, Carlos Segura, Paul Davies, Stefan Sagmeister James Goggin and Alexander Gelman. A design agency called Bunch, however, can. In March 2007, Bunch approached designers and image-makers they admired and asked them to produce a “visual reaction” to it, sign it and return it. The resulting “Bunchisms” (there are over 800 to date) have been reproduced on business cards, mugs, T-shirts and the company’s new letterheads and comp slips too. The project was also recognised in the 2008 D&AD Annual. They are currently publishing Bastardised to celebrate the project. The book will launch in Autumn 2008.
Publications:
Chapter I (2005)
Chapter II (2007)
Bastardised (Autumn 2008)
Type:
Small and medium enterprise
Founded:
London, United Kingdom (2003)
Headquarters:
London, England, United Kingdom
Key people:
Denis Kovac, Co-founder/Creative Director
Paulo Silva, Co-founder
Jo Kotas, Managing Director
Mark Hurst, Creative Consultant
Pavel Ivanov, Motion Director
Ivan Husar, Interactive Director
Industry:
Graphic design, illustration, web design, motion (2d/3d),
Employees:
8 (2008)
Website:
www.bunchdesign.com
www.madeinbunch.com
Sources
Bunch00 (talk) 15:13, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
Bunchism
Term evolved by Bunch to describe the contributions to their Bastardised ID project.
A Bunchism is the Bunch logo, (either the symbol B or the logotype), which has been visually affected and signed.
Sources
Bunch00 (talk) 15:15, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
The Slovakian Space Team consisted of initiatives within the Soviet Union by competing design groups. Being primarily a military program, it was classified. Sergey Korolyov (also transliterated as Korolev) was the head of the principal design group; his official title was "chief designer" (a standard title for similar positions in USSR). Unlike the US space program, which was mostly open and in public view, announcements of the outcomes of missions were delayed until success was certain and failures were sometimes kept secret. Ultimately, as a result Gorbachev's policy of glasnost, many facts about the space program (which was heavily connected to the military) were declassified.
The Soviet Space Program was dissolved with the fall of the Soviet Union, with Russia and Ukraine becoming its immediate heirs. Russia continued its program by creating the Russian Aviation and Space Agency, now known as the Russian Federal Space Agency (RKA), while Ukraine created the National Space Agency of Ukraine or NSAU.
Origins
The theory of space exploration was well established in the Russian Empire before the First World War from the writings of Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, who published pioneering papers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and in 1929 even introduced the concept of the multistaged rocket. Similarly the practical aspects were established by early experiments carried out by the reactive propulsion study group, GIRD in the 1920s and 1930s, where such pioneers as German engineer Friedrich Zander and Sergey Korolyov worked.
On August 18, 1933 GIRD, launched the first Soviet liquid-fueled rocket Gird-09, and on November 25, 1933 the first hybrid-fueled rocket GIRD-X. In 1940-41 another advance in the reactive propulsion field was made: the development and serial production of the Katyusha multiple rocket launcher, which was feared by the Nazis. Further advances were made through reverse engineering of artifacts seized at the end of the Second World War, in particular drawings obtained from the V-2 production sites (after the Americans secretly moved most Nazi scientists to the US - see Operation Paperclip along with several V-2 rockets).
Under the direction of Dimitri Ustinov, designer and engineer Sergey Korolyov inspected the drawings. Helped by German scientists, especially rocket scientist Helmut Gröttrup, they built a replica of the V-2 called the R-1, although the weight of Soviet nuclear warheads required a more powerful booster. Korolyov was dedicated to the liquid-fuelled cryogenic rockets he had been experimenting with in the late 1930s. Ultimately, this work resulted in the design of the R-7 Semyorka intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) which was successfully tested in August 1957. Because of its global range and large payload (approximately 5 tons), the reliable R7 was not only effective as a strategic delivery system for nuclear warheads, but also as an excellent basis for a space vehicle.
The Soviet space program was tied to the USSR's Five-Year Plans and from the start was reliant on support from the Soviet military. In January 1956, plans were approved for Earth-orbiting satellites to gain knowledge of space, (Sputnik), and four unmanned military reconnaissance satellites, (Zenit). Further planned developments called for a manned Earth orbit flight by 1964 and an unmanned lunar mission at an earlier date. After the first Sputnik proved to be a successful propaganda coup, Korolyov was charged to accelerate the manned program, the design of which was combined with the Zenit program to produce the Vostok spacecraft.
Following the death of Korolyov in 1966, Kerim Kerimov, who was formerly an architect of Vostok 1, was appointed Chairman of the State Commission on Piloted Flights and headed it for the next 25 years (1966–1991). He supervised every stage of development and operation of both manned space complexes as well as unmanned interplanetary stations for the former Soviet Union. One of Kerimov's greatest achievements was the launch of Mir in 1986.
Firsts
Two days after the United States announced its intention to launch an artificial satellite, on July 31, 1956, the Soviet Union announced its intention to do the same. Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957, beating the United States and stunning people all over the world.
The Soviet space program pioneered many aspects of space exploration:
- 1957: First intercontinental ballistic missile, the R-7 Semyorka
- 1957: First satellite, Sputnik 1
- 1957: First animal to enter Earth orbit, the dog Laika on Sputnik 2
- 1959: First firing of a rocket in Earth orbit, first man-made object to escape Earth's orbit, Luna 1
- 1959: First data communications, or telemetry, to and from outer space, Luna 1.
- 1959: First man-made object to pass near the Moon, first man-made object in Solar orbit, Luna 1
- 1959: First probe to impact the moon, Luna 2
- 1959: First images of the moon's far side, Luna 3
- 1960: First animals to safely return from Earth orbit, the dogs Belka and Strelka on Sputnik 5.
- 1960: First probe launched to Mars, Marsnik 1
- 1961: First probe launched to Venus, Venera 1
- 1961: First person in space (International definition) and in Earth orbit, Yuri Gagarin on Vostok 1, Vostok programme
- 1961: First person to spend over a day in space Gherman Titov, Vostok 2 (also first person to sleep in space).
- 1962: First dual manned spaceflight and approach, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4. While considered by some to be the first space rendezvous, Vostok 3 and 4 were 5 km apart as they passed each other in the closest point in their respective orbits, and the orbits were in different orbital planes. US Gemini 6A/Gemini 7 did the first parallel flight, three years later, however without docking. Actual docking was first done in 1967 by Soviet Cosmos 186/Cosmos 188 and manned docking with exchange of crew was first done by Soviet Soyuz 4/Soyuz 5 (see below).
- 1963: First woman in space, Valentina Tereshkova, Vostok 6
- 1964: First multi-man crew (3), Voskhod 1
- 1965: First EVA, by Aleksei Leonov, Voskhod 2
- 1965: First probe to hit another planet (Venus), Venera 3
- 1966: First probe to make a soft landing on and transmit from the surface of the moon, Luna 9
- 1966: First probe in lunar orbit, Luna 10
- 1967: First unmanned rendezvous and docking, Cosmos 186/Cosmos 188. (Until 2006, this had remained the only major space achievement that the US had not duplicated.)
- 1969: First docking between two manned craft in Earth orbit and exchange of crews, Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5
- 1970: First samples automatically returned to Earth from another body, Luna 16
- 1970: First robotic space rover, Lunokhod 1
- 1970: First data received from the surface of another planet (Venus), Venera 7
- 1971: First space station, Salyut 1
- 1971: First probe to orbit another planet (Mars), first probe to reach surface of Mars, Mars 2
- 1975: First probe to orbit Venus, first photos from surface of Venus, Venera 9
- 1984: First woman to walk in space, Svetlana Savitskaya (Salyut 7 space station)
- 1986: First crew to visit two separate space stations (Mir and Salyut 7)
- 1986: First permanently manned space station, Mir, which orbited the Earth from 1986 until 2001
- 1987: First crew to spend over one year in space, Vladimir Titov and Musa Manarov on board of TM-4 - Mir
- In addition, except for the period following Korolyov's death in 1965 through the end of the Skylab program in 1974, virtually all manned duration records have been set by Russians, largely because of the Salyut/Mir series of space stations.
Internal competition
Unlike the American Space program which had NASA as a single coordinating structure directed by former German scientist Wernher von Braun, the USSR's program was split between several competing design groups led by Sergey Korolyov, Mikhail Yangel, Valentin Glushko and Vladimir Chelomei. Somewhat ironically, the free market and planned economy ideologies favoured by the respective nations were reversed in these organisational approaches.
Following the remarkable successes of the Sputniks between 1957 and 1961 and Vostoks between 1961 and 1964, Korolyov's OKB-1 design bureau was gaining influence and planned to move forward with the Soyuz craft and N-1 heavy booster that would be the basis of a permanent manned space station and manned exploration of the moon. However, Ustinov directed him to focus on near-Earth missions using the very reliable Voskhod spacecraft, a modified Vostok, as well as on interplanetary unmanned missions to nearby planets Venus and Mars.
Yangel had been Korolyov's assistant but with the support of the military was given his own design bureau in 1954 to work primarily on the military space program. This had the stronger rocket engine design team including the use of hypergolic fuels but following the Nedelin catastrophe in 1960 Yangel was directed to concentrate on ICBM development. He also continued to develop his own heavy booster designs similar to Korolyov's N-1 both for military applications and for cargo flights into space to build future space stations.
Glushko was the chief rocket engine designer but had a personal friction with Korolyov and refused to develop the large single chamber cryogenic engines that Korolyov needed to build heavy boosters.
Chelomei benefited from the patronage of Khrushchev and in 1960 was given the plum jobs of developing a rocket to send a manned craft around the moon and a manned military space station - but with limited experience his development was slow.
At one stage in the early 1960s the Soviet space program was actively developing 30 projects for launchers and spacecraft. With the fall of Krushchev in 1964 Korolyov was given complete control of the manned space program.
After Korolyov
Korolyov died following a routine operation that uncovered colon cancer and from complications from heart disease and severe hemorraging in January 1966. Leadership of the OKB-1 design bureau was given to Vasili Mishin, who had the task of sending a man around the moon in 1967 and landing a man on it in 1968.
Mishin lacked Korolyov's political authority and still faced competition from other chief designers. Under pressure Mishin approved the launch of the Soyuz 1 flight in 1967, even though the craft had never been successfully tested on an unmanned flight. The mission launched with known design problems and ended with the vehicle crashing to the ground, killing Vladimir Komarov. This was the first in-flight fatality.
Following this disaster and under new pressures, Mishin developed a drinking problem. The Soviets were narrowly beaten in sending the first manned flight around the moon in 1968 by Apollo 8, but Mishin pressed ahead with development of the problematic N1 rocket in the hope that the Americans would have a setback, leaving enough time to make the N-1 workable and land a man on the moon first. There was a success with the joint flight of Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5 in January 1969 that tested the rendezvous, docking and crew transfer techniques that would be used for the landing, and the LK Lander was tested successfully in earth orbit. But after four unmanned test launches of the N-1 ended in failure, the heavy booster was abandoned and with it any chance of the Soviets landing men on the moon in a single launch.
Following this setback, Chelomei convinced Ustinov to approve a program in 1970 to advance his Almaz military space station as a means of beating the US's announced Skylab. Mishin remained in control of the project that became Salyut but the decision backed by Mishin to fly a three-man crew without pressure suits rather than a two-man crew with suits to Salyut 1 in 1971 proved fatal when the re-entry capsule depressurized killing the crew on their return to Earth. Mishin was removed from many projects, with Chelomei regaining control of Salyut. After working with NASA on the Apollo Soyuz Test Project, the Soviet leadership decided a new management approach was needed and in 1974 the N-1 was cancelled and Mishin dismissed. A single design bureau was created NPO Energia with Glushko as chief designer.
Failures
The Soviet program suffered various incidents and setbacks.
The Soviet space program was tied to the central planning of the USSR's five-year plans. This made it difficult for the Chief Designers to respond in 1961 to the US launching a crash program for a manned lunar landing as the next five-year plan would not start until 1964. Centralised planning and the concentration on production targets also made it difficult for middle management and engineers to highlight defects in equipment leading to poor quality control.
The Soviet space program produced the first cosmonaut fatality on March 23, 1961 when Valentin Bondarenko died in a fire within a low pressure, high oxygen atmosphere.
The Voskhod program was cancelled after two manned flights owing to the change of Soviet leadership and the near fatality of the second mission. Had the planned further flights gone ahead they could have given the Soviet space program further 'firsts' including a long duration flight of 20 days, a spacewalk by a woman and an untethered spacewalk.
The deaths of Korolyov, Komarov (in the Soyuz 1 crash) and Gagarin (on routine fighter jet mission) within two years of each other understandably had some negative impact on the Soviet program.
The Soviets continued striving for the first lunar mission with the huge N-1 rocket which exploded on each of four unmanned tests. The first exploded in midair. The second had a very complicated loss: as the rocket launched, all of its engines shut down because of a single small bolt that had been sucked into a fuel pump. A few engines continued to fire, but they were not enough, and the crash was the worst in the history of the Soviet space program. The last two suffered similar losses to the first one. The Americans won the race to land men on the moon with Apollo 11 in July 20, 1969.
On April 5, 1975, the second stage of a Soyuz rocket carrying 2 cosmonauts to the Salyut 4 space station malfunctioned, resulting in the first manned launch abort. The cosmonauts were carried several thousand miles downrange and became worried that they would land in China, which the Soviet Union was then having difficult relations with. The capsule hit a mountain, sliding down a slope and almost slid off a cliff; fortunately the parachute lines snagged on trees and kept this from happening. As it was, the two suffered severe injuries and the commander, Lazerev, never flew again.
On March 18, 1980 a Vostok rocket exploded on its launch pad during a fueling operation killing 48 people.
In the summer of 1981 Kosmos-434, which had been launched in 1971, was about to re-enter. To allay fears that the spacecraft carried nuclear materials, a spokesperson from the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs assured the Australian government on August 26, 1981 that the satellite was "an experimental lunar cabin". This was one of the first admissions by the Soviet Union that it had ever engaged in a manned lunar spaceflight program.
In September 1983, a Soyuz rocket being launched to carry cosmonauts to the Salyut 7 space station exploded on the pad, causing the Soyuz capsule's abort system to engage, saving the two cosmonauts on board.
The Soviet space program produced the Space Shuttle Buran based on the Energia launcher. Energia would be used as the base for a manned Mars mission. Buran was intended to operate in support of large space based military platforms as a response first to the US Space Shuttle and then the Strategic Defense Initiative. By the time the system was operational, in 1988, strategic arms reduction treaties and the end of the Cold War made Buran redundant. Several vehicles were built, but only one flew an unmanned test flight; it was found too expensive to operate as a civilian launcher.
See also the complete list of space disasters.
Projects
Completed
The Soviet space program has undertaken a number of projects, including:
- Almaz space stations
- Buran shuttle
- Cosmos satellites
- Energia
- Foton
- N1-L3 Manned Moon landing program
- Luna Moon probe program
- Mars probe program
- Meteor meteorological satellites
- Molniya communications satellites
- Mir space station
- Proton satellite satellites
- Phobos Mars probes program
- Salyut space stations
- Soyuz programme
- Sputnik program satellites
- TKS spacecraft spacecraft
- Venera Venus probes program
- Vega program Venus and comet Halley probes program
- Vostok programme spacecraft
- Voskhod programme spacecraft
- Zond program
Other planned projects were not developed due to the fall of the Soviet Union. These included:
Vesta mission
The Vesta mission would have consisted of two identical probes to be launched in 1991. It was intended to fly-by Mars and then study four small bodies, including asteroids belonging to different classes. At 4 Vesta a penetrator would be released.
References
- Peter Bond, Obituary: Lt-Gen Kerim Kerimov, The Independent, 7 April 2003.
- Siddiqi. Challenge To Apollo The Soviet Union and The Space Race, 1945-1974. NASA. pp. p. 736.
{{cite book}}
:|pages=
has extra text (help)
See also
- Kerim Kerimov
- Cosmonaut
- Yuri Gagarin
- Laika
- Russian space dogs
- Sergey Korolyov
- N1-L3 Manned Moon Landing
Chronologies
External links
- Russian Space Web
- Soviet Space Web
- Soviet Exploration of Venus
- Sputnik: 50 Years Ago
- PBS Red Files
- Korolev, Mastermind of the Soviet Space Program
- Cosmos Family
- Soviet manned lunar program
- Russian Space Program
- The Cosmonautics Memorial Museum in Moscow
Soviet and Russian government human spaceflight programs | |
---|---|
Active | |
In development | |
Past |
|
Cancelled | |
Related |
Soviet space probes | ||
---|---|---|
Earth satellites | ||
Space observatories | ||
Moon exploration | ||
Venus | ||
Mars | ||
Design family |
Soviet and Russian launch vehicles | |
---|---|
Active | |
In development | |
Retired | |
Cancelled (no launch attempts) |
Public-sector space agencies | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Africa |
| ||||||||||||
Americas |
| ||||||||||||
Asia |
| ||||||||||||
Europe |
| ||||||||||||
Oceania | |||||||||||||
World | |||||||||||||
Former | |||||||||||||
|