| Revision as of 08:17, 5 October 2005 edit67.187.92.221 (talk) Description of Immelmann turn technically inaccurate: rolling the plane precedes pushing it through the half-loop; this move is also known as a "split-s."← Previous edit | Revision as of 06:13, 12 October 2005 edit undo68.2.142.190 (talk) Correction of inaccurate description of the Immelmann maneuver (backwards as originally posted)Next edit → | ||
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| When World War I started he joined the '']'' and was sent for pilot training in November 1914. He was initially stationed in northern ] as a reconnaissance aviator. On ], ] he was shot down by a French pilot but managed to land safely behind German lines. He was decorated with the ], Second Class for this. Later in 1915 he became a fighter pilot. He became known as ''Eagle of Lille'' (''Der Adler von Lille''). | When World War I started he joined the '']'' and was sent for pilot training in November 1914. He was initially stationed in northern ] as a reconnaissance aviator. On ], ] he was shot down by a French pilot but managed to land safely behind German lines. He was decorated with the ], Second Class for this. Later in 1915 he became a fighter pilot. He became known as ''Eagle of Lille'' (''Der Adler von Lille''). | ||
| An ], combining a half loop with a half roll off the top. At the apex of the vertical plane the aircraft is inverted but is rolled 180 degrees to the upright position. It is not at all certain that Immelmann performed the maneuver owing to limitations of his airplane, the Fokker Eindecker monoplane. More likely he performed a climbing turn with abrupt directional reverse at the top, closely resembling what today is called a Chandelle. | |||
| An ], performed by rolling the plane 180 degrees, then pushing it through an inverted dive, is now called an ''Immelmann turn''. The maneuver, also known as a "split-s," (the top half of the letter "s" being the arc described by the plane during the maneuver) rapidly changes the forward direction of the plane in flight by 180 degrees while lowering its altitude, yet keeping it in the same vertical plane. There is some controversy over whether Immelmann himself actually developed the turn. It is also said that the term ''Immelmann turn'' was originally used to refer to a different maneuver, known as the Hammerhead. | |||
| Immelmann was the first pilot to be awarded the '']'', Germany's highest military honour. The medal became known as the Blue Max in honor of Immelmann. His medal was presented by Kaiser ] in January ]. ] received his medal at the same ceremony. | |||
| Immelmann was killed in combat over ] in northern France on ], ]. Some sources, including the |
Immelmann was killed in combat over ] in northern France on ], ]. Some sources, including the German Air Service at the time, claimed the loss was due to (friendly) anti-aircraft artillery. Others, including his brother, believed the ] (which was designed to prevent his through-the-propeller machinegun from damaging the propeller blades) had catastrophically malfunctioned. According to the British official version however, he was shot down by an ] aircraft flown by pilot G.R. McCubbin and observer J. H. Waller from ] Squadron 25. | ||
| He was credited with 15 victories. | He was credited with 15 victories. | ||
Revision as of 06:13, 12 October 2005
Max Immelmann (September 21, 1890 - June 18, 1916) was a German World War I Flying ace.
He was born in Dresden the son of a paper board container factory owner. After leaving school he joined Eisenbahnregiment Berlin. During 1913 - 1914 he studied mechanical engineering in Dresden.
When World War I started he joined the Luftstreitkräfte and was sent for pilot training in November 1914. He was initially stationed in northern France as a reconnaissance aviator. On June 3, 1915 he was shot down by a French pilot but managed to land safely behind German lines. He was decorated with the Iron Cross, Second Class for this. Later in 1915 he became a fighter pilot. He became known as Eagle of Lille (Der Adler von Lille).
An aerobatic maneuver, combining a half loop with a half roll off the top. At the apex of the vertical plane the aircraft is inverted but is rolled 180 degrees to the upright position. It is not at all certain that Immelmann performed the maneuver owing to limitations of his airplane, the Fokker Eindecker monoplane. More likely he performed a climbing turn with abrupt directional reverse at the top, closely resembling what today is called a Chandelle.
Immelmann was the first pilot to be awarded the Pour le Mérite, Germany's highest military honour. The medal became known as the Blue Max in honor of Immelmann. His medal was presented by Kaiser Wilhelm II in January 1916. Oswald Boelcke received his medal at the same ceremony.
Immelmann was killed in combat over Sallaumines in northern France on June 18, 1916. Some sources, including the German Air Service at the time, claimed the loss was due to (friendly) anti-aircraft artillery. Others, including his brother, believed the interruptor mechanism (which was designed to prevent his through-the-propeller machinegun from damaging the propeller blades) had catastrophically malfunctioned. According to the British official version however, he was shot down by an F.E.2b aircraft flown by pilot G.R. McCubbin and observer J. H. Waller from Royal Flying Corps Squadron 25.
He was credited with 15 victories.