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'''Acupuncture detoxification''' is the use of auricular (outer ear) ] as an adjunct to standard ] and ].<ref>{{cite journal | last = Otto | first = K | journal = Acupuncture Today | year = 2001 | volume = 2 | issue = 8 | title = Acupuncture in the Treatment of Substance Abuse | url = http://www.acupuncturetoday.com/mpacms/at/article.php?id=27724 | accessdate = 2009-05-27}}</ref> Evidence supporting the use of auricular acupuncture (including a ] review) to treat addictions is largely based on anecdotal and clinical reports. Reviews of randomized controlled studies have concluded that there is insufficient evidence and/or a lack of properly-designed trials that demonstrate its effectiveness.<ref name="pmid16716845">{{cite journal |author=Jordan JB |title=Acupuncture treatment for opiate addiction: a systematic review |journal=J Subst Abuse Treat |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=309–14 |year=2006 |month=June |pmid=16716845 |doi=10.1016/j.jsat.2006.02.005 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0740-5472(06)00043-2}}</ref><ref name="pmid16437523">{{cite journal |author=Gates S, Smith LA, Foxcroft DR |title=Auricular acupuncture for cocaine dependence |journal=] |volume= |issue=1 |pages=CD005192 |year=2006 |pmid=16437523 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005192.pub2}}</ref> A ] ] trial found no benefit to the treatment and raised concerns over its widespread use.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Bearn J, Swami A, Stewart D, Atnas C, Giotto L, Gossop M |title=Auricular acupuncture as an adjunct to opiate detoxification treatment: effects on withdrawal symptoms |journal=J Subst Abuse Treat |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=345–9 |year=2009 |month=April |pmid=19004596 |doi=10.1016/j.jsat.2008.08.002 |url=}}</ref> '''Acupuncture detoxification''' is the use of auricular (outer ear) ] as an adjunct to standard ] and ].<ref>{{cite journal | last = Otto | first = K | journal = Acupuncture Today | year = 2001 | volume = 2 | issue = 8 | title = Acupuncture in the Treatment of Substance Abuse | url = http://www.acupuncturetoday.com/mpacms/at/article.php?id=27724 | accessdate = 2009-05-27}}</ref> Evidence supporting the use of auricular acupuncture (including a ] review) to treat addictions is largely based on anecdotal and clinical reports. Reviews of randomized controlled studies have concluded that there is insufficient evidence and/or a lack of properly-designed trials that demonstrate its effectiveness.<ref name="pmid16716845">{{cite journal |author=Jordan JB |title=Acupuncture treatment for opiate addiction: a systematic review |journal=J Subst Abuse Treat |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=309–14 |year=2006 |month=June |pmid=16716845 |doi=10.1016/j.jsat.2006.02.005 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0740-5472(06)00043-2}}</ref><ref name="pmid16437523">{{cite journal |author=Gates S, Smith LA, Foxcroft DR |title=Auricular acupuncture for cocaine dependence |journal=] |volume= |issue=1 |pages=CD005192 |year=2006 |pmid=16437523 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005192.pub2}}</ref> A ] ] trial found no benefit to the treatment and raised concerns over its widespread use.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Bearn J, Swami A, Stewart D, Atnas C, Giotto L, Gossop M |title=Auricular acupuncture as an adjunct to opiate detoxification treatment: effects on withdrawal symptoms |journal=J Subst Abuse Treat |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=345–9 |year=2009 |month=April |pmid=19004596 |doi=10.1016/j.jsat.2008.08.002 |url=}}</ref>


The five-point ] auricular (outer ear) protocol was created and taught by Michael O. Smith, MD, of ], during a period of high heroin use in the 1970s.<ref name = "Otto_1"></ref><ref name="Otto_2">Otto, KC. ''Acupuncture and Substance Abuse: A Synopsis, with Indications for Further Research.'' American Journal on Addictions 12:43^51, 2003. DOI: 10.1080/10550490390143349</ref> Dr. Smith says that auricular acupuncture should be considered an adjunctive therapy to standard treatments for addiction, not an alternative to them.<ref name="Otto_1" /> The protocol is disseminated through the National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA)<ref></ref> in the US and worldwide. The technique was created and taught by Michael Smith, doctor at the ] in ], during a period of high heroin use in the 1970s.<ref name="Otto_2">{{cite journal |author=Otto KC |title=Acupuncture and substance abuse: a synopsis, with indications for further research |journal=Am J Addict |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=43–51 |year=2003 |pmid=12623739 |doi=10.1080/10550490390143349}}</ref>



==Footnotes== ==Footnotes==
{{reflist}}
<references/>

==External links==
* - National Drug Strategy Network
*
*


] ]

Revision as of 10:27, 27 May 2009

It has been suggested that this article be merged into acupuncture. (Discuss)

Acupuncture detoxification is the use of auricular (outer ear) acupuncture as an adjunct to standard drug and alcohol detoxification. Evidence supporting the use of auricular acupuncture (including a Cochrane Collaboration review) to treat addictions is largely based on anecdotal and clinical reports. Reviews of randomized controlled studies have concluded that there is insufficient evidence and/or a lack of properly-designed trials that demonstrate its effectiveness. A randomized placebo trial found no benefit to the treatment and raised concerns over its widespread use.

The technique was created and taught by Michael Smith, doctor at the Lincoln Memorial Hospital in New York City, during a period of high heroin use in the 1970s.

Footnotes

  1. Otto, K (2001). "Acupuncture in the Treatment of Substance Abuse". Acupuncture Today. 2 (8). Retrieved 2009-05-27.
  2. Jordan JB (2006). "Acupuncture treatment for opiate addiction: a systematic review". J Subst Abuse Treat. 30 (4): 309–14. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2006.02.005. PMID 16716845. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. Gates S, Smith LA, Foxcroft DR (2006). "Auricular acupuncture for cocaine dependence". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1): CD005192. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005192.pub2. PMID 16437523.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. Bearn J, Swami A, Stewart D, Atnas C, Giotto L, Gossop M (2009). "Auricular acupuncture as an adjunct to opiate detoxification treatment: effects on withdrawal symptoms". J Subst Abuse Treat. 36 (3): 345–9. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2008.08.002. PMID 19004596. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. Otto KC (2003). "Acupuncture and substance abuse: a synopsis, with indications for further research". Am J Addict. 12 (1): 43–51. doi:10.1080/10550490390143349. PMID 12623739.
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