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| The '''Chipko movement''' was a group of villagers in the ] region of ] who opposed commercial logging. The movement is best known for its tactic of '''hugging trees''' to prevent them being cut down. This gave rise to the term '''tree hugger''' for ]s. Also, it was notable in that the movement was led by women who were influenced by Gandhi. The name of the movement comes from the ] word for 'embrace', as the villagers hugged the trees, and prevented the contractors' from felling them. | |||
| == Motivators for the movement == | |||
| Their opposition to deforestation was motivated by a combination of environmental and economic concerns. The felling of forests of Banj (Himalayan ]), and their replacement by ], reduced the amount of undergrowth and hence led to increased flooding. Among the movement's economic demands were that no forest-exploiting contracts be given to outsiders, a miniumum wage for forest labourers, and the provision of low-cost materials for local small-scale industries. | |||
| The movement denied any formal hierarchy, but particularly influential members included Sunderlal Bahuguna and Chandi Prasad Bhatt. The writer and activist ] was also involved in the ] movement in the 1970s. | |||
| The first Chipko action took place spontaneously in April 1973 in the village of Mandal in the upper ] and over the next five years spread to many districts of the ] in Uttar Pradesh. It was sparked off by the government's decision to allot a plot of forest area in the Alaknanda valley to a sports goods company. This angered the villagers because their similar demand to use wood for making agricultural tools had been earlier denied. With encouragement from a local NGO (non-governmental organization), DGSS (Dasoli Gram Swarajya Sangh), the women of the area, under the leadership of an activist, Chandi Prasad Bhatt, went into the forest and formed a circle around the trees preventing the men from cutting them down. | |||
| Bahuguna coined the Chipko slogan: 'ecology is permanent economy'. Ghanasyam Raturi, the Chipko poet, whose songs echo throughout the Himalayas of Uttar Pradesh, wrote a poem describing the method of embracing the trees to save them from felling: | |||
| :''Embrace the trees and'' | |||
| :''Save them from being felled;'' | |||
| :''The property of our hills,'' | |||
| :''Save them from being looted.'' | |||
| == History == | |||
| Though this movement gained prominence in the 1970s, the ] community in ] (a province in north western ]) are said to have been the progenitors of this movement during the around the year ]. A large group of villagers lost their lives trying to protect trees from being felled by the soldiers of the ]. | |||
| ==References== | |||
| *Thomas Weber, Thomas. ''Hugging the Trees'' ISBN 0670823538 | |||
| ==External links == | |||
| * | |||
| {{India-stub}} | |||
| ] | |||
Revision as of 15:24, 1 December 2005
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