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| '''Amir Kror Suri''' ({{lang-ps|امير کروړ سوري}}), also known as ''Jahan Pahlawan'', was a king in ancient ]. He belonged to the ''Shansabani'' family of the ] region and is considered to be one of the known ancestors of the ] ] ]. His forefather is said to be Banji Amir, the ancestor of all the Shansabani amirs who occupied the ] lands.<ref name="AB"> History of civilizations of Central Asia by M.S. Asimov/C.E. Bosworth</ref> Banji Amir was given the title "] ]" (''Partner of the Commander of the Faithful'') by ] ] after their meeting.<ref name="Ferishta">], </ref> According to the 13th century historian ''Juzjani'', Amir Suri came into conflict with the ] in the late ninth century. Juzani notes that ], ruler of the Saffarids, was unable to conquer the territories of Ghor from Amir Suri. {{quote|Júzání is silent about the successors of Banjí until the advent of Amir Súri, who in the later ninth century came into conflict with the Saffarids. Yaqúb b. Layth, the Saffarid ruler of Sistan, conquered Zamin-Dawar, Bust and Rukhkhaj, but Ghur was saved by the inaccessibility of its mountains.<ref name="AB"/>}} | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| == |
==Early years== | ||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | According to Loui Dupree and several ] historians, Amir Kror Suri was the son of ''Amir Polad Suri'' and became the first poet of ],<ref>http://www.scprd.com/hdra/view.php?id=31</ref><ref>http://books.google.ca/books?id=LOIxAAAAIAAJ&q=Amir+Kror+Suri&dq=Amir+Kror+Suri&ei=9gKDSpizC6bUyQSlyanRCg. ''"Pakhtunistan: the Khyber Pass as the focus of the new state of Pakhtunistan; an important political development in Central Asia"''. Afghanistan. Information Bureau, London. 1951. London: Key Press, pp. 48.</ref><ref>Louis Dupree, ʻAbd al-Raḥmān Pazhvāk, Shah Muhammad Rais. "Pashtunistan". 1996. Kabul: Shah M. Book Co, pp. 50,78.</ref><ref name="MK">http://mn.mno.hu/portal/185465</ref> Amir Kror Suri is considered a renowned fighter and challenged several people at a time. Because of his bravery and strenght, he is given the title of ''"Kror"'', meaning hard and strong. It is claimed that he had conquered the fortresses of Ghor, Balishtan, Kheisar, Tamran and Barkoshak and assisted the ] of ],<ref>http://www.alamahabibi.com/English%20Articles%5CAmir_Kror_and_His_Ancestry.htm</ref> | ||
| The 16th century Persian historian, ], gives a reference to Amir Suri:<ref name="Ferishta"/>{{quote|Amír Súrí was a great king, and most of the territories of Ghor were in his possession. But as many of the inhabitants of Ghor, of high and low degree, had not yet embraced ], there was constant strife among them. The ] came from ] to ] and Dáwar, and ] overpowered Lak-lak, who was chief of Takín-ábád, in the country of Rukhaj.*]; ].] The Ghorians sought safety in Sarhá-sang,*]," or "Sarhá wa Sang," in some copies.] and dwelt there in security, but even among them hostilities constantly prevailed between the Muhammadans and the infidels. One castle was at war with another castle, and their feuds were unceasing; but owing to the inaccessibility of the mountains of Rásiát, which are in Ghor, no foreigner was able to overcome them, and Shansabání Amír Súrí was the head of all the Mandeshís. In Ghor there are five great and lofty mountains, which the people of Ghor agree in considering as higher than the Rásiát mountains. One of these is Zár Murgh, in Mandesh, and the capital and palace of the Shansabání kings are at the foot of this mountain. It is said that Zál Zar, father of Rustam, was here nourished by a Símurgh, and some of the inhabitants of the foot of the mountain say that between the fifth and sixth centuries a loud voice of cry and lamentation was heard to proceed from it, announcing the death of Zál. The second mountain is called Sar Khizr; it is also in the territory of Mandesh, in the vicinity of Takhbar. The third is Ashak, in the country of Timrán, which is the greatest and highest of the whole territory of Ghor. The country of Timrán lies in the valleys and environs of this mountain. The fourth is Wazní, and the territories of Dáwar and Wálasht, and the fort of Kahwarán, are within its ramifications and valleys...}} | |||
| === Death === | |||
| ⚫ | Amir Kror Suri died in or about 771 AD{{citation needed}} in the ''Battle of Poshanj''{{citation needed}} and was succeeded by his son, Amir Naser, who took control of the territories of Ghor, ], ] and ].{{citation needed}} | ||
| ==See also== | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| ==Additional readings== | ==Additional readings== | ||
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| * ''"Amir Kror and his Ancestory"'': ] - | * ''"Amir Kror and his Ancestory"'': ] - | ||
| == |
== References == | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Suri, Amir Kror}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Suri, Amir Kror}} | ||
| ] | |||
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Amir Kror Suri (Template:Lang-ps), also known as Jahan Pahlawan, was a king in ancient Afghanistan. He belonged to the Shansabani family of the Ghor region and is considered to be one of the known ancestors of the Suri Pashtun tribes. His forefather is said to be Banji Amir, the ancestor of all the Shansabani amirs who occupied the Ghurid lands. Banji Amir was given the title "Qasim Amir al-Mu'minin" (Partner of the Commander of the Faithful) by caliph Harun al-Rashid after their meeting. According to the 13th century historian Juzjani, Amir Suri came into conflict with the Saffarids in the late ninth century. Juzani notes that Ya'qub-i Laith Saffari, ruler of the Saffarids, was unable to conquer the territories of Ghor from Amir Suri.
Júzání is silent about the successors of Banjí until the advent of Amir Súri, who in the later ninth century came into conflict with the Saffarids. Yaqúb b. Layth, the Saffarid ruler of Sistan, conquered Zamin-Dawar, Bust and Rukhkhaj, but Ghur was saved by the inaccessibility of its mountains.
Early years
According to Loui Dupree and several Pashtun historians, Amir Kror Suri was the son of Amir Polad Suri and became the first poet of Pashto language, Amir Kror Suri is considered a renowned fighter and challenged several people at a time. Because of his bravery and strenght, he is given the title of "Kror", meaning hard and strong. It is claimed that he had conquered the fortresses of Ghor, Balishtan, Kheisar, Tamran and Barkoshak and assisted the Caliphate of Islam,
The 16th century Persian historian, Fershita, gives a reference to Amir Suri:
Amír Súrí was a great king, and most of the territories of Ghor were in his possession. But as many of the inhabitants of Ghor, of high and low degree, had not yet embraced Muhammadanism, there was constant strife among them. The Saffáríans came from Nímroz to Bust and Dáwar, and Yákúb Lais overpowered Lak-lak, who was chief of Takín-ábád, in the country of Rukhaj.* The Ghorians sought safety in Sarhá-sang,* and dwelt there in security, but even among them hostilities constantly prevailed between the Muhammadans and the infidels. One castle was at war with another castle, and their feuds were unceasing; but owing to the inaccessibility of the mountains of Rásiát, which are in Ghor, no foreigner was able to overcome them, and Shansabání Amír Súrí was the head of all the Mandeshís. In Ghor there are five great and lofty mountains, which the people of Ghor agree in considering as higher than the Rásiát mountains. One of these is Zár Murgh, in Mandesh, and the capital and palace of the Shansabání kings are at the foot of this mountain. It is said that Zál Zar, father of Rustam, was here nourished by a Símurgh, and some of the inhabitants of the foot of the mountain say that between the fifth and sixth centuries a loud voice of cry and lamentation was heard to proceed from it, announcing the death of Zál. The second mountain is called Sar Khizr; it is also in the territory of Mandesh, in the vicinity of Takhbar. The third is Ashak, in the country of Timrán, which is the greatest and highest of the whole territory of Ghor. The country of Timrán lies in the valleys and environs of this mountain. The fourth is Wazní, and the territories of Dáwar and Wálasht, and the fort of Kahwarán, are within its ramifications and valleys...
Death
Amir Kror Suri died in or about 771 AD in the Battle of Poshanj and was succeeded by his son, Amir Naser, who took control of the territories of Ghor, Sur, Bost and Zamindawar.
See also
Additional readings
- "Afghanistan" by Manohar Singh Batra. PP. 9–14
- "Pata Khazana:" Abdul Hai Habibi
- "Amir Kror and his Ancestory": Abdul Hai Habibi -
References
- ^ History of civilizations of Central Asia by M.S. Asimov/C.E. Bosworth
- ^ Ferishta, The History of India, Volume 2, chpt. 71
- http://www.scprd.com/hdra/view.php?id=31
- http://books.google.ca/books?id=LOIxAAAAIAAJ&q=Amir+Kror+Suri&dq=Amir+Kror+Suri&ei=9gKDSpizC6bUyQSlyanRCg. "Pakhtunistan: the Khyber Pass as the focus of the new state of Pakhtunistan; an important political development in Central Asia". Afghanistan. Information Bureau, London. 1951. London: Key Press, pp. 48.
- Louis Dupree, ʻAbd al-Raḥmān Pazhvāk, Shah Muhammad Rais. "Pashtunistan". 1996. Kabul: Shah M. Book Co, pp. 50,78.
- http://mn.mno.hu/portal/185465
- http://www.alamahabibi.com/English%20Articles%5CAmir_Kror_and_His_Ancestry.htm
- http://books.google.ca/books?id=qCh41lAvg8oC&pg=PA95&dq=Amir+Kror+Suri&ei=9gKDSpizC6bUyQSlyanRCg#v=onepage&q=Amir%20Kror%20Suri&f=false