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| {{Infobox musical artist | |||
| | Name = Paul McCartney | |||
| | Birth_name = James Paul McCartney | |||
| | Background = solo_singer | |||
| | Img = <!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: Do not replace PaulMcCartneyApr09.jpg unless it is with a photo under a public domain or free license (meaning NOT fair use). Any fair use photos (i.e. 'promotional photos') are copyright violations and will be deleted. See http://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:Fair use criteria --> PaulMcCartneyApr09.jpg | |||
| | Img_capt = McCartney in April 2009 | |||
| | Img_alt = A man in his early sixties, wearing a red shirt and blue jeans, plays an electric guitar left-handed and sings. Behind him is a drummer playing a yellow-and-blue kit, in front of a multi-colored stage. | |||
| | Born = {{Birth date and age|1942|6|18|df=yes}}<br />], ] | |||
| | Instrument = ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] | |||
| | Genre = ], ], ], ], ], ], ] | |||
| | Occupation = ], ], ], ], ], ], ] | |||
| | Years_active = 1957–present | |||
| | Label = ], ], ], ], ], ], ] | |||
| | Associated_acts = ], ], ], ], ], ], ]. | |||
| | Spouse = ] <small>(1969–1998)</small><br />] <small>(2002–2008)</small> | |||
| | URL = | |||
| | Notable_instruments = ]<br />]<br />]<br />]<br />]<br />]<br />]<br/>]<br />] | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Sir James Paul McCartney''', ]<!-- note he's a Knight Bachelor, which does not have postnoms, not a KBE (Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire)--> (born 18 June 1942) is an English ], ], ], ], ], ] and ], ], and ] and ]. Formerly of ] and ], McCartney is the most successful songwriter in the history of ].<ref>{{cite web | |||
| |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2008/09/080916.aspx | |||
| |title=Guinness World Records - News - Guinness World Records Launches 2009 Edition | |||
| |publisher=] |accessdate=2009-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://music.rightcelebrity.com/?p=2737|title=Paul McCartney Letterman (Video, Photos) - Historic Paul McCartney Tour Dates 2009 - Right On Music|accessdate=2009-07-22|publisher=Music.RightCelebrity.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.examiner.com/x-2082-Beatles-Examiner~y2009m7d10-Paul-McCartney-to-appear-on-The-Late-Show-With-David-Letterman-next-Wednesday|title=Paul McCartney to appear on 'The Late Show With David Letterman' next Wednesday|accessdate=2009-07-22|publisher=Examiner.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://weblogs.newsday.com/entertainment/tv/blog/2009/07/mccartney_to_late_show.html|title=Paul McCartney to 'Late Show' (The TV Zone) - Newsday.com|accessdate=2009-07-22|publisher=NewsDay.com}}</ref> McCartney gained worldwide fame as a member of The Beatles, alongside ], ], and ]. McCartney and Lennon formed one of the most influential and successful ] and wrote some of the most popular songs in the history of ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A5950929 |title=The Lennon-McCartney Songwriting Partnership |publisher=bbc.co.uk |date=2005-11-04 |accessdate=2006-12-14}}</ref> After leaving The Beatles, McCartney launched a successful solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife, ], and singer-songwriter ]. He has worked on film scores and classical and electronic music, released a large catalogue of songs as a solo artist, and taken part in projects to help international charities. | |||
| McCartney is listed in '']'' as the most successful musician and composer in popular music history, with 60 ] and sales of 100 million ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.independent.co.uk/people/profiles/article1089708.ece |title=Paul McCartney: When I'm 64 |publisher=] |accessdate=2006-06-17}}</ref> His song "]" (credited to Lennon/McCartney, as all songs written by either Lennon or McCartney during their partnership as Beatles were, but composed entirely by McCartney<ref name="interviewdb">{{cite web |title=The Beatles Interview Database |url=http://www.beatlesinterviews.org/dba05help.html |accessdate=2009-09-06 |title=Help!: Yesterday |quote=Beautiful—and I never wished I'd written it.}}—John Lennon</ref>) is listed as the most ] song in history—by over 3,500 artists so far—and has been played more than 7,000,000 times on American television and radio. Wings' 1977 single "]" became the first single to sell more than two million copies in the UK, and remains the UK's top selling non-charity single.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ukcharts.20m.com/bestsell.html |title=The UK's Best Selling Singles |publisher= ukcharts.20m.com |accessdate=2007-09-23}}</ref> McCartney is the most successful songwriter in UK singles chart history, based on weeks that his compositions have spent on the chart, and as a performer or songwriter, McCartney was responsible for 32 number one singles on the U.S. ] chart. | |||
| Following the death of his first wife Linda in 1998, McCartney married ] in 2002. They divorced in 2008. McCartney is now partners with Nancy Shevell. McCartney practices meditation, using the ] that the ] gave him when The Beatles went to a ] seminar in 1967. McCartney is an advocate for ], ], and ]; he is active in campaigns against ]s, ], and ]. He is a keen ] fan, supporting both ] and ] football clubs. His company ] owns the copyrights to more than 3,000 songs,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0005200/bio |title=Paul McCartney - Biography |last=Shelokhonov |first=Steve |publisher=IMDB.com |accessdate=2008-03-08}}</ref> including all of the songs written by ], along with the publishing rights to such musicals as '']'', '']'', and '']''. McCartney is one of Britain's wealthiest men, with an estimated fortune of £750 million ($1.2 billion) in 2009. | |||
| ==Childhood== | |||
| {{Main|Jim and Mary McCartney}} | |||
| McCartney was born in Walton Hospital in ], England, where his mother, Mary (née Mohan), had worked as a nurse in the maternity ward.<ref name="SpitzPage75">Spitz (2005) p75</ref> He has one brother, ], born 7 January 1944.<ref name="MilesPage4">Miles (1997) p4</ref> McCartney was baptised Roman Catholic but was raised ]ly: his mother was Roman Catholic, and his father, James "Jim" McCartney, was a Protestant turned agnostic.<ref name="MilesPage4"/> | |||
| In 1947, he began attending Stockton Wood Road Primary school. He then attended the Joseph Williams Junior School,<ref name="SchoolPhoto">{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/merseyside/8203923.stm|title=Beatle's schoolboy photo auction |first= |last= |page=|publisher=BBC |date=2009-08-16|accessdate=2009-08-21}}</ref> and passed the ] exam in 1953 with three others out of the 90 examinees and thus gained admission to the ].<ref name="Milesp9">Miles (1997) p9</ref> In 1954, while riding on the bus, from the suburb of ], where he lived, to the Institute, he met ], who lived nearby.<ref name="SpitzPage125">Spitz (2005) p125</ref> Passing the exam meant that McCartney and Harrison could go to a ] rather than a ] school, which the majority of pupils attended until they were eligible to work, but as Grammar school pupils they had to find new friends.<ref name="SpitzPage82-83">Spitz (2005) pp82-83</ref> | |||
| ] now attracts large numbers of tourists |alt=Exterior of a two-story brick building, with a hedge in front of it. Six windows are visible, three on each level, as are two doorways on the lower level.]] | |||
| In 1955, the McCartney family moved to ] in ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-vh/w-visits/w-findaplace/w-20forthlinroadallerton/w-20forthlinroadallerton-seeanddo.htm |title=Photo of Forthlin Road |publisher=nationaltrust.org.uk |accessdate=2007-01-27}}</ref> Mary McCartney rode a bicycle to houses where she was needed as a midwife, and an early McCartney memory is of her leaving when it was snowing heavily.<ref name="MilesPage6">Miles (1997) p6</ref> On 31 October 1956, Mary McCartney, a heavy smoker, died of an embolism after a mastectomy operation to stop the spread of her breast cancer.<ref name="MilesPage20">Miles (1997) p20</ref> The early loss of his mother later connected McCartney with ], whose mother, ], died after being struck by a car when Lennon was 17.<ref name="MilesPage31">Miles (1997) p31</ref> | |||
| McCartney's father was a trumpet player and pianist who had led Jim Mac's Jazz Band in the 1920s and encouraged his two sons to be musical.<ref name="MilesPage22">Miles (1997) p22</ref> Jim had an ] in the front room that he had bought from ]'s store. McCartney's grandfather, Joe McCartney, played an E-flat ].<ref name="SpitzPage71">Spitz (2005) p71</ref><ref name="MilesPage23-24">Miles (1997) pp23-24</ref> Jim McCartney used to point out the different instruments in songs on the radio, and often took McCartney to local brass band concerts.<ref name="MilesPage23-24" /> McCartney's father gave him a nickel-plated trumpet, but when ] became popular, McCartney swapped the trumpet for a £15 ] Zenith (model 17) ].<ref name="SpitzPage86">Spitz (2005) p86</ref><ref name="MilesPage21">Miles (1997) p21</ref> As he was left-handed, McCartney found the guitar difficult to play, but when he saw a poster advertising a ] concert, he realised that Whitman played left-handed with his guitar strung the opposite way to a right-handed player.<ref name="MilesPage21" /><ref name="Larkin">Larkin, Colin. ''The Guinness Who's Who Of Country Music'': ] entry, Guinness Publishing, 1993. ISBN 0851127266</ref> McCartney wrote his first song ("]") on the Zenith, and also played his father's Framus ] when writing early songs with Lennon.<ref name="Guitars">{{cite web |url=http://www.thecanteen.com/mccartney1.html |title=Early guitars McCartney played |publisher=thecanteen.com |accessdate=2007-01-27}}</ref> He later learned to play the piano and wrote his second song, "]".<ref name="MilesPage22-23">Miles (1997) pp22-23</ref> On his father's advice, he took music lessons, but since he preferred to learn 'by ear' he never paid much attention to them.<ref name="MilesPage22-23" /> | |||
| McCartney was heavily influenced by American ] music. He has stated that ] was his idol when he was in school and that the first song he ever sang in public was "]," at a Butlins holiday camp talent competition.<ref name="whitep114-115">White, Charles, p.114-115 (2003). ''The Life and Times of Little Richard: The Authorised Biography.'' Omnibus Press.</ref> | |||
| ==Musical career== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| {{Main|Paul McCartney's musical career}} | |||
| ===1957–1960=== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| At the age of 15, McCartney met ] and ] at the St. Peter's Church Hall fête in ] on 6 July 1957.<ref name="SpitzPage93">Spitz (2005) p93</ref> He formed a close working relationship with Lennon and they collaborated on many songs. Harrison joined the group as ], followed by Lennon's art school friend, ], on bass, and ] on the drums.<ref name="MilesPage47-50">Miles (1997) pp47-50</ref><ref name="CynthiaLennonJohnPage94">Cynthia Lennon (2006) p94</ref> By May 1960, they had tried several new names, including "The Silver Beetles", playing a tour of Scotland under that name with ]. They finally changed the name of the group to The Beatles.<ref name="CynthiaLennonJohnPage67">Cynthia Lennon (2006) p67</ref><ref>Coleman (1984) p212</ref> | |||
| ===1960–1970: The Beatles=== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| From May 1960, ] were booked by ],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:09fqxq8kldse~T1 |title= Allan Williams Biography |publisher=] |accessdate=2009-12-10 }}</ref> to perform at a club in ].<ref name="MilesPage57-58">Miles (1997) pp57-8</ref> For the next two years, ] for much of the time, performing as a resident group in a number of Hamburg clubs. During their two-year Hamburg residency they returned to Liverpool from time to time, performing at the ]. Prior to the end of the residency, Sutcliffe left the band, so McCartney, reluctantly, became The Beatles' ] player.<ref name="MilesPage74">Miles (1997) p74</ref> The Beatles recorded their first published musical material in Hamburg, performing as the backing group for ] on the single "]".<ref name="CynthiaLennonJohnp97">Cynthia Lennon (2006) p97</ref> This recording later brought The Beatles to the attention of a key figure in their subsequent development and commercial success, ], who became their next manager.<ref>Pawlowski (1990) pp39-40</ref> Epstein eventually negotiated a record contract for the group with ] in May 1962.<ref name="Spitzp330">Spitz (2005) p330</ref> After replacing Best with ] on drums, The Beatles became popular ] and ]. In 1965, they were each appointed ] (MBE).<ref>{{LondonGazette|issue=43667|supp=yes|startpage=5488|date=4 June 1965|accessdate=2008-12-05}}</ref> After performing concerts, plays, and tours almost non-stop for a period of nearly four years, and giving more than one thousand four hundred live performances internationally,<ref name="Gould p347">Gould (2008) p347</ref> The Beatles gave their last commercial concert at the end of their 1966 US tour.<ref name="MilesPage293-295">Miles (1997) pp293-95</ref> They continued to work in the recording studio from 1966 until their breakup in 1970. In the eight years from 1962 to 1970, the group had released twenty-four UK singles and twelve studio albums, along with further US releases (see ]). | |||
| ===Since 1970=== | |||
| ] in 2007, for the BBC ]]] | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| After ], McCartney continued his musical career, in solo work as well as in collaborations with other musicians. After releasing his solo album '']'' in 1970, he worked with ] to record the album '']'' in 1971. Later the same year, the pair were joined by guitarist ] and drummer ] to form the group ], which was active between 1971 and 1981 and released numerous successful singles and albums (see ]). McCartney also collaborated with a number of other popular artists including ], ], ], and ]. In 1985, McCartney played "Let It Be" at the ] concert in ], backed by ], ], ], and ]. The 1990s saw McCartney venture into ], and in 1991 the ] commissioned a musical piece by McCartney to celebrate its ].<ref name="CAO">''Contemporary Authors Online'', Thomson Gale (2006)</ref> He collaborated with ] to release '']'';<ref>{{cite news |title=McCartney seeks chorus of approval for Latin piece |publisher=Vancouver Sun |date=2006-08-03 |accessdate=2006-11-10}}</ref> involving the opera singers ], Sally Burgess,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/artist_page.asp?name=burgess |title=Sally Burgess’ page |publisher=hyperion-records.co.uk |accessdate=2006-11-30}}</ref> ] and ], with the ] and the choir of ].<ref name="OratorioStandingStone">{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/filmnetwork/A1080154 |title=Oratorio and StandingStone premiers - 4 July 2003 |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-29}}</ref> The Prince of Wales later honoured McCartney as a ] of The ]<ref name="Worldbio">"Paul McCartney." Encyclopedia of World Biography Supplement, Vol. 24. Thomson Gale, 2005.</ref> and Honorary Member of the ] (2008).<ref name="Hon RAMS 14 October 09">{{cite web | author= | title=Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music (Oct.14, 2009)| url=http://www.ram.ac.uk/whoswho/Pages/HonRAM.aspx| publisher=Royal Academy of Music| date= 14 October 2009| accessdate=14 October 2009}}</ref> Other forays into classical music included '']'' (1997), '']'' (1999), and '']'' (2006). It was announced in the 1997 ] that McCartney was to be ] for services to music,<ref>{{LondonGazette |issue=54625 |startpage=2 |date=1996-12-30 |accessdate=2008-12-05}}</ref> becoming Sir Paul McCartney.<ref>{{LondonGazette |issue=55229 |startpage=8993 |date=1998-08-18 |accessdate=2008-12-05}}</ref> ] into the ] as a solo artist and in May 2000, he was awarded a Fellowship by the British Academy of Composers and Songwriters. The 1990s also saw McCartney, Harrison and Starr working together on ] '']'' documentary series. | |||
| Having witnessed the ] from the ] tarmac,<ref>{{cite news |title=Second McCartney song for New York |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/1639502.stm |publisher=] |date=2001-11-05 |accessdate=2008-07-19}}</ref> McCartney took a lead role in organising ].<ref>] web site "concertfornyc.com" has been established to remember the concert and features photos of McCartney both on stage and backstage at ]. Various Artists, The Concert for New York City, 01/29/2002, Columbia/SME CK 54205 (1C2D54205 Discs: 2</ref> In November 2002, on the first anniversary of George Harrison's death, McCartney performed at the ].<ref name="concert1">The Concert for George, Cat. No: 0349702412</ref> He has also participated in the ]'s ], performing in the pre-game show for ] and headlining the halftime show at ]. | |||
| ]'' in 2009.]] | |||
| McCartney has continued to work in the realms of popular and classical music, touring the world and performing at a large number of concerts and events; on more than one occasion he has performed again with ]. In 2008, he received a ] for Outstanding Contribution to Music<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nme.com/news/brit-awards-2008/34542/ |title=Sir Paul McCartney picks up special Brit award in London |publisher=NME.COM |date=2008-02-20 |accessdate=2008-06-05}}</ref> and an ], ], from ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/2008-05-26-3778562167_x.htm |title=Yale gives Paul McCartney honorary music degree |date=2008-05-26 |accessdate=2009-07-13 }}</ref> The same year, he performed at a concert in Liverpool to celebrate the city's year as ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Paul McCartney Treats Liverpool to “A Day in the Life” Live Debut |publisher=Rolling Stone |url=http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2008/06/02/paul-mccartney-treats-liverpool-to-a-day-in-the-life-live-debut/ |date=2008-06-02 |accessdate=2008-07-22}}</ref> In 2009, he received two nominations for the 51st annual Grammy awards, while in October of the same year he was named songwriter of the year at The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) Awards. | |||
| On 15 July 2009, more than 45 years after The Beatles first appeared on American television on ''The Ed Sullivan Show'', McCartney returned to the Ed Sullivan Theater and performed atop the marquee of ''Late Show with David Letterman''. | |||
| In May 2009, it was announced McCartney and ] will collaborate with ] to record a few songs for release in 2010.<ref>http://www.nme.com/news/thebeatles/45038</ref><ref>www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7015354604</ref><ref>www.pastemagazine.com/.../paul-bob-and-ringo-the-new-fab-three-supergroup.html -</ref> | |||
| On 13 December 2009, McCartney performed the final songs of the UK's ] talent show. Following his rendition of "Live and Let Die", ] quipped, "on behalf of all of us, you're through to the next round." | |||
| ==Creative outlets== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| During the 1960s, McCartney was often seen at major cultural events, such as the launch party for The '']'' and at ] (28 January and 4 February 1967 respectively).<ref name="CarnivalofLightInterview">{{cite web |url=http://abbeyrd.best.vwh.net/carnival.htm |title=“The Carnival of Light” interview |publisher=abbeyrd.best.vwh.net |accessdate=2006-11-16}}</ref> He also delved into the visual arts, becoming a close friend of leading art dealers and gallery owners, explored experimental film, and regularly attended movie, theatrical and classical music performances. | |||
| His first contact with the London avant-garde scene was through ], who introduced him to the art dealer ], who in turn introduced McCartney to an array of writers and artists. McCartney later became involved in the renovation and publicising of the ] in Mason's Yard, London—John Lennon first met ] at the Indica.<ref name="UnknownPaul">The Unknown Paul McCartney, by Ian Peel, Paperback, Reynolds & Hearn Ltd, 7 November 2002 ISBN 1-903111-36-6</ref><ref name="Indicagallery">{{cite web |url=http://arts.guardian.co.uk/features/story/0,,1937863,00.html |title=Indica Gallery |publisher=bbc.co.uk |date=2006-11-12 |accessdate=2007-01-29}}</ref> The Indica Gallery brought McCartney into contact with ], whose underground newspaper, The '']'', McCartney helped to start.<ref name="MilesPage232">Miles (1997) p232</ref> Miles would become '']'' manager of the Apple's short-lived ] label, and wrote McCartney's official biography, '']'' (1997). | |||
| While living at the Asher house,<ref name="MilesPage106">Miles (1997) p106</ref> McCartney took piano lessons at the ], which The Beatles' producer Martin had previously attended.<ref name="MilesPage108">Miles (1997) p108</ref><ref name="MilesPage254">Miles (1997) p254</ref> McCartney studied composers like ], and ].<ref name="Spitzp597">Spitz (2005) p597</ref> McCartney later wrote and released several pieces of modern classical music and ambient electronica, besides writing poetry and painting. McCartney is lead patron of the ], an arts school in the building formerly occupied by the ].<ref name="LIPAHistory">{{cite web |first= |last= |url=http://www.lipa.ac.uk/standard/aboutlipa/pottedhistory.asp |title=How LIPA came to be |publisher=LIPA |accessdate=2008-05-23}}</ref> The 1837 building, which McCartney attended during his schooldays, had become derelict by the mid-1980s.<ref name="LIPAHistory"/> On 7 June 1996, ] officially opened the redeveloped building.<ref name="LIPAHistory"/> | |||
| ===Electronic music=== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| After the recording of "]" in 1965, McCartney contacted the ] in ], London, to see if they could record an electronic version of the song, but never followed it up.<ref name="MilesPage207">Miles (1997) p207</ref> When visiting ] flat in London, McCartney would take along tapes he had compiled at Jane Asher's house.<ref name="MilesPage218">Miles (1997) p218</ref> The tapes were mixes of various songs, musical pieces and comments made by McCartney that he had ] make into a ] record for him.<ref name="MilesPage217">Miles (1997) p217</ref> Heavily influenced by ], he made ] by recording voices, guitars and bongoes on a ] ], and splicing the various loops together. He reversed the tapes, sped them up, and slowed them down to create the effects he wanted, some of which were later used on Beatles' recordings, such as "]". McCartney referred to the tapes as "electronic symphonies".<ref name="MilesPage219-220">Miles (1997) pp219-20</ref> | |||
| In the spring of 1966 McCartney rented a ground floor and basement flat from ] at ], to be used as a small ] studio for spoken-word recordings by poets, writers (including ]) and ] musicians.<ref name="MilesPage238-239">Miles (1997) pp238-39</ref> The Beatles' Apple Records then launched a sub-label, ] with Miles as its manager, ostensibly to release recordings of a similar aesthetic, although few releases would ultimately result as Apple and The Beatles slid into business and personal difficulties.<ref name="MilesPage238-239" /> | |||
| In 1995, McCartney recorded a radio series called "]"<ref name="Oobu Joobu">{{cite web |url=http://paulmccartney.frfarrell.com/# |title=Oobu Joobu CDs and Mp3s |publisher=paulmccartney.frfarrell.com |accessdate=2006-11-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/glastonbury2004/performers/mccartney.shtml |title=Oobu Joobu |publisher=bbc.co.uk |date=2006-11-09}}</ref> for the American network ], which he described as being "wide-screen radio".<ref name="MilesPage218-219">Miles (1997) pp218-219.</ref> During the 1990s, McCartney collaborated with ] of ] under the name of ],<ref name="TheUnknownPaulReview">{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7737453.stm |title=Sir Paul gears up for The Fireman |publisher=bbc.co.uk. |accessdate=2009-07-13 |date=2008-11-19}}</ref> and released two ] albums: '']'' (1993) and '']'' (1998). In 2000, he released an album titled '']''<ref>Liverpool Sound Collage (CD) Capitol, 26 September 2000</ref> with ] and Youth, utilizing the sound collage and ] techniques that fascinated him in the mid-1960s. In 2005, he worked on a project with ] ] and ] ], consisting of remixed versions of songs from throughout his solo career which were released under the title '']''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jpgr.co.uk/p3113001.html |title=Twin Freaks LP — Parlophone, Cat. No. 311 30011, 4 June 2005 |publisher=jpgr.co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-29}}</ref> The Fireman's third album '']'' was released on November 25, 2008.<ref>www.thefireman.com</ref>. | |||
| In January 2009 interview with ''L.A. Weekly'' newspaper, McCartney explained what he saw as the most significant difference between the music he creates as The Fireman and the rest of his catalogue. "Fireman is improvisational theatre," McCartney said. "When I sit down to write a song, it’s a kind of improvisation, but I formalise it a bit to get it into the studio, and when I step up to a microphone, I have a vague idea of what I’m about to do. I usually have a song, and I know the melody and lyrics, and my performance is the only unknown. In this case, I had neither lyrics nor melody to go on—and it felt great."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.laweekly.com/2009-01-15/music/paul-mccartney-the-kristine-mckenna-interview/ |last=Mckenna |first=Kristine |title=Paul McCartney: A Fireman Interviewed |publisher=L.A. Weekly |accessdate=2009-01-20}}</ref> | |||
| ===Film=== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| McCartney was interested in ]s as a child, and later had the financial resources to ask Geoff Dunbar to direct a short ] film called '']'', in 1981. McCartney was the producer, he wrote the music and the script, and also added some of the characters voices.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.photos.mccartney.net/dunbar.htm |title=Geoff Dunbar Interview |publisher=mccartney.net |accessdate=2006-11-23}}</ref> McCartney wrote and starred in the 1984 film '']''. The film and soundtrack featured the popular hit "]", and the album reached #1 in the UK, but the film did not do well commercially or critically.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/5087006.stm |title=“Broad Street” a flop - 17 June 2006 |publisher=bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment |accessdate=2007-01-29 | date=2006-06-17}}</ref> ] awarded the film a single star and wrote, "You can safely skip the movie and proceed directly to the sound track".<ref>{{cite web |first=Roger |last=Ebert |authorlink=Roger Ebert |date=1984-01-01 |url=http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19840101/REVIEWS/401010342/1023 |title=Give My Regards to Broad Street review |publisher=] |accessdate=2006-06-11}}</ref> Dunbar worked again with McCartney on an animated film about the work of French artist ], in 1992, which won both of them a ] award.<ref name="Animatedfilm1992">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3520421.stm |title=Animated film won a Bafta |date=2004-02-29 |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-29}}</ref> They also worked on ], in 1997.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jpgr.co.uk/r6649.html |title=Tropic Island Hum |publisher=www.jpgr.co.uk |accessdate=2006-11-23}}</ref> In 1995, McCartney directed a short documentary about ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/biography_story/174:665/1/Paul_McCartney.htm |title=The Biography Channel |publisher=thebiographychannel.co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.moviehabit.com/reviews/pau_dm04.shtml |title=Movie Habit - The Music and Animation Collection |publisher=moviehabit.com |accessdate=2006-11-23}}</ref> | |||
| In May 2000, McCartney released '']'', a retrospective documentary that features behind-the-scenes films and photographs that Paul and Linda McCartney (who had died in 1998) took of their family and bands.<ref name="Wingspandvd">Wingspan, DVD, Catalogue number: 4779109, 19 November 2001</ref> Interspersed throughout the 88 minute film is an interview by ] with her father. Mary was the baby photographed inside McCartney's jacket on the back cover of his first solo album, '']'', and was one of the producers of the documentary.<ref name="Page21">Lewisohn (2002) p21</ref> | |||
| ===Painting=== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| In 1966, McCartney met art gallery-owner ], whose flat was visited by many well-known artists.<ref name="MilesPage243">Miles (1997) p243</ref> McCartney met ], ], ], and ] there, and learned about art appreciation.<ref name="MilesPage243"/> McCartney later started buying paintings by ], and used Magritte's painting of an apple for the Apple Records logo.<ref name="MilesPage256-67">Miles (1997) pp256-67</ref> He now owns Magritte's easel and spectacles.<ref name="MilesPage266-67">Miles (1997) pp266-67</ref> | |||
| McCartney's love of painting surfaced after watching artist ] paint, in Kooning's ] studio.<ref name="Spitzp84">Spitz (2005) p84</ref> McCartney took up painting in 1983.<ref name="MilesPage266">Miles (1997) p266</ref> In 1999, he exhibited his paintings (featuring McCartney's portraits of ], ], and ]) for the first time in ], Germany, and included photographs by ]. He chose the gallery because Wolfgang Suttner (local events organiser) was genuinely interested in his art, and the positive reaction led to McCartney showing his work in UK galleries.<ref name="Painter">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/331611.stm |title=McCartney gets arty |date=1999-04-30 |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-29}}</ref> The first UK exhibition of McCartney's work was opened in ], England with more than 500 paintings on display. McCartney had previously believed that "only people that had been to art school were allowed to paint"—as Lennon had.<ref name="Painter"/> | |||
| In October 2000, ] and McCartney presented art exhibitions in New York and London. McCartney said, "I've been offered an exhibition of my paintings at the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool where John and I used to spend many a pleasant afternoon. So I'm really excited about it. I didn't tell anybody I painted for 15 years but now I'm out of the closet."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/981721.stm |title=McCartney and Yoko art exhibitions, 20 October 2000 |publisher=news.bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-29 | date=2000-10-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/walker/exhibitions/mccartney/home.asp |title=Walker Gallery Exhibition: 24 May - 4 August 2002 |publisher=liverpoolmuseums.org.uk |accessdate=2006-11-02}}</ref> | |||
| As an artist, Paul McCartney designed a series of six postage stamps issued by the ] on 1 July 2002. According to ], McCartney seems to be the first major rock star in the world who is also known as a stamp designer.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1826691.stm |title=McCartney stamps to go on sale |publisher=bbc.co.uk |date=2002-02-18 |accessdate=2009-01-27}}</ref> | |||
| ===Writing and poetry=== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| ], in 1946 |alt=Black-and-white profile picture of a man in his early twenties, wearing a suit and tie.]] | |||
| When McCartney was young, his mother read him poems and encouraged him to read books. McCartney's father was interested in ] and invited the two young McCartneys (Paul and his brother Michael) to solve them with him, so as to increase their "word power".<ref name="SpitzPage82">Spitz (2005), p82</ref> McCartney was later inspired—in his school years—by ], who was McCartney's English literature teacher at the Liverpool Institute.<ref name="MilesPage40">Miles (1997) p40</ref> Durband was a co-founder and fund-raiser at the ] in Liverpool, where ] also worked, and introduced McCartney to ] works.<ref name="MilesPage41">Miles (1997) p41</ref> McCartney later took his ] exams, but passed only one subject—Art.<ref name="SpitzPage205">Spitz (2005) p205</ref><ref name="MilesPage42">Miles (1997) p42</ref> | |||
| In 2001 McCartney published 'Blackbird Singing', a volume of poems, some of which were lyrics to his songs, and gave readings in Liverpool and New York City.<ref name="FaberandFaber">{{cite web |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2001/mar/17/poetry.music |title=Roll over, Andrew Motion|date=2006-10-14 |publisher=guardian.co.uk |accessdate=2009-07-13}}</ref> Some of them were serious: "Here Today" (about Lennon) and some humorous ("]").<ref>Blackbird Singing - Poems and Lyrics 1965-1999, Paul McCartney, Faber and Faber, 4 March 2002, ISBN 0-571-20992-0</ref> In the foreword of the book, McCartney explained that when he was a teenager, he had "an overwhelming desire" to have a poem of his published in the school magazine. He wrote something "deep and meaningful", but it was rejected, and he feels that he has been trying to get some kind of revenge ever since. His first "real poem" was about the death of his childhood friend, ].<ref name="FaberandFaber"/> | |||
| In October 2005, McCartney released a children's book called ''High In The Clouds: An Urban Furry Tail''. In a press release publicizing the book, McCartney said, "I have loved reading for as long as I can remember," singling out '']'' as a childhood favourite.<ref name="mplclouds">{{cite web |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/paul-mccartney-a-collaborative-crusade-514728.html |title=Paul McCartney: A collaborative crusade |publisher=independent.co.uk |date=2005-11-11 |accessdate=2009-07-13}}</ref> McCartney collaborated with author ] and animator Geoff Dunbar to write the book.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0241837/ |title=Geoff Dunbar IMDb |publisher=imdb.com |accessdate=2007-01-27}}</ref> | |||
| ==Contact with fellow ex-Beatles== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| {{Otheruses-section|social and other general interactions|creative collaborations|Collaborations between ex-Beatles}} | |||
| ===John Lennon=== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| Although McCartney's relationship with ] was troubled, they became close again in 1974 and even played together for the only time since the Beatles split (see ]). In later years, the two grew apart again.<ref name="MilesPage587">Miles (1997) p587</ref> McCartney would often call Lennon, but was never sure of what sort of reception he would get,<ref name="MilesPage588">Miles (1997) p588</ref> such as when McCartney once called Lennon and was told, "You're all pizza and fairytales!"<ref name="MilesPage588"/> McCartney understood that he could not just phone Lennon and only talk about business, so they often talked about cats, baking bread, or babies.<ref name="MilesPage590">Miles (1997) p590</ref> According to ], during Lennon's "Lost Weekend" with her they planned to visit McCartney in New Orleans, where McCartney was recording the '']'' album, but Lennon went back to Ono the day before the planned visit after Ono said she had a new cure for Lennon's smoking habit.<ref name="LennonVisitsMcCartney">{{cite web |first=Roger |last=Friedman |url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,35067,00.html |title=Beatles: Lennon planned to meet McCartney in 1974 |publisher=Fox News |date=2001-09-05|accessdate=2009-07-09}}</ref> | |||
| In a 1980 interview, Lennon said that the last time he had seen McCartney was when they had watched the episode of '']'' (May 1976) in which ] had made his $3,000 cash offer<ref>{{cite web |url=http://snltranscripts.jt.org/75/75rbeatles.phtml |title=SNL Transcripts: Beatles Offer, 24 April 1976 |publisher=snltranscripts.jt.org |accessdate=2007-06-11}}</ref> to get Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, and Starr to reunite on the show.<ref name="Playboy">{{cite web |url=http://www.beatlesinterviews.org/dbjypb.int1.html |title=Playboy interview with John Lennon and Yoko Ono |publisher=The Beatles Interview Database |accessdate=2006-06-11}}</ref> McCartney and Lennon had seriously considered going to the studio, but were too tired.<ref name="MilesPage592">Miles (1997) p592</ref> This event was fictionalised in the 2000 television film '']''. | |||
| ;Reaction to Lennon's murder | |||
| {{Main|Death of John Lennon}} | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| On the morning of 9 December 1980, McCartney awoke to the news that ] outside his home in ] building in New York.<ref name="FentonBresler">Bresler, Fenton (1990). ''Who Killed John Lennon?'' reprinted. ], ISBN 0-312-92367-8</ref> Lennon's death created a media frenzy around the surviving members of The Beatles.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,924600,00.html |title=The Last Day in the Life |publisher=time.com. |accessdate=2006-12-06}}</ref> On the evening of 9 December, as McCartney was leaving an ] ], he was surrounded by reporters and asked for his reaction to Lennon's death. He was later criticized for what appeared, when published, to be an utterly superficial response: "It's a drag".<ref name="drag">Harry (2002) p505</ref> McCartney explained, "When John was killed somebody stuck a microphone at me and said: 'What do you think about it?' I said, 'It's a dra-a-ag' and meant it with every inch of melancholy I could muster. When you put that in print it says, 'McCartney in London today when asked for a comment on his dead friend said, "It's a drag."' It seemed a very flippant comment to make."<ref name="drag" /> | |||
| McCartney was also to recall: {{cquote|I talked to Yoko the day after he was killed and the first thing she said was, "John was really fond of you." The last telephone conversation I had with him we were still the best of mates. He was always a very warm guy, John. His bluff was all on the surface. He used to take his glasses down, those granny glasses, and say, "It's only me." They were like a wall, you know? A shield. Those are the moments I treasure.<ref name="bharry1">The Paul McCartney Encyclopedia, article "Lennon, John"</ref>}} | |||
| In 1983 McCartney said: {{cquote|I would not have been as typically human and standoffish as I was if I knew John was going to die. I would have made more of an effort to try and get behind his "mask" and have a better relationship with him.'<ref name="bharry1"/>}} | |||
| In a '']'' interview in 1984, McCartney said that he went home that night and watched the news on television—while sitting with all his children—and cried all evening. His last telephone call to Lennon, which was just before Lennon and Yoko released '']'', was friendly. During the call, Lennon said (laughing) to McCartney, "This housewife wants a career!"<ref name="1984PlayboyInterview">{{cite web |url=http://members.tripod.com/~taz4158/macint.htm |title=McCartney’s 1984 Playboy Interview |publisher=members.tripod.com |accessdate=2006-11-14}}</ref> which referred to Lennon's househusband years, while looking after ].<ref name="MilesPage593">Miles (1997) p593</ref> | |||
| McCartney carried on recording after the death of Lennon but did not play any live concerts for some time. He explained that this was because he was nervous that he would be "the next" to be murdered.<ref name="MilesPage594">Miles (1997) p594</ref><ref name="Musicexpress">{{cite web |last=Bonici |first=Ray |url=http://beatles.ncf.ca/mpl.html |title=Paul McCartney Wings It Alone |publisher=Music Express issue #56 |year=1982 |accessdate=2006-06-11}}</ref> This led to a disagreement with ], who wanted to continue touring and subsequently left Wings, which McCartney disbanded in 1981.<ref name=" Musicexpress"/><ref name="Page168">Lewisohn (2002) p168</ref> Also in June 1981, six months after Lennon's death, McCartney sang backup on George Harrison's tribute to Lennon, "]," which also featured ] on drums. McCartney would go on to record "Here Today", a tribute song to Lennon. | |||
| ===George Harrison=== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| In late 2001, McCartney learned that his former classmate, neighbour and bandmate, and friend of over 45 years, ], was losing his battle with ]. Upon Harrison's death on 29 November, McCartney told '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'' and '']'' that George was like his "baby brother". Harrison spent his last days in a Hollywood Hills mansion that was once leased by McCartney. McCartney said in many interviews after Harrison's passing that George was, "still laughing and joking" to the very end. While talking on '']'' alongside Ringo Starr, McCartney said, "We just sat there stroking hands. And you know, you don't stroke hands with guys. But it was just beautiful. It's just a favourite memory of mine."<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r5Tl9sBcNrg</ref><ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9jKLiVjok4</ref><ref>bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment - Retrieved 29 January 2007</ref> On 29 November 2002, the first anniversary of George Harrison's death, McCartney played Harrison’s "]" on a ] at the ].<ref name="concert1"/> | |||
| ==Relationships and marriages== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| {{Main|Paul McCartney's relationships and marriages}} | |||
| ===Dot Rhone=== | |||
| One of McCartney's first girlfriends, in 1959, was called Layla, a name he remembers being unusual in Liverpool at the time.<ref name="MilesPage29"/> Layla was slightly older than McCartney and used to ask him to ] with her. Julie Arthur, another girlfriend, was ]'s niece.<ref name="MilesPage29">Miles (1997) p29</ref> McCartney's first serious girlfriend in Liverpool was Dot Rhone, whom he met at the ] in 1959.<ref name="Spitzp163">Spitz (2005) p163</ref> McCartney chose clothes and make-up for Rhone, and he paid for her to have her hair styled like ]'s.<ref name="MilesPage69">Miles (1997) p69</ref><ref name="Spitzp171">Spitz (2005) p171</ref> When McCartney first went to Hamburg with The Beatles, he wrote regularly, and she accompanied ] to Hamburg when The Beatles played there again in 1962.<ref name="Spitzp239-240">Spitz (2005) pp239-240</ref> The couple had a three-year relationship, and were due to marry until Rhone lost the baby she was expecting.<ref name="Spitzp348">Spitz (2005) p348</ref> | |||
| ===Jane Asher=== | |||
| McCartney first met the British actress ] on 18 April 1963, when a photographer asked them to pose together at a Beatles' performance at the ] in London.<ref name="MilesPage101">Miles (1997) p101</ref> The two began a relationship,<ref name="MilesPage102">Miles (1997) p102</ref> and McCartney took up residence with Asher at her parents' house at 57 Wimpole Street, London, where he lived for nearly three years before the couple moved to McCartney's own house in ].<ref name="MilesPage106">Miles (1997) p106</ref> McCartney wrote several songs while at the Ashers', including "]" and several inspired by Asher, among them "]", "]", and "]".<ref name="MilesPage108">Miles (1997) p108</ref> McCartney and Asher had a five-year relationship, and they planned to marry, but Asher broke off the engagement when she discovered McCartney had become involved with another woman, ].<ref name="MilesPage452">Miles (1997) p452</ref><ref name = "BeatlesE">Harry (2000) p403</ref> | |||
| ===Linda McCartney=== | |||
| In 1969, McCartney married American photographer ], whom he described as the woman who gave him "the strength and courage to work again" after the breakup of The Beatles.<ref name="Sequel">{{cite news |title=SEQUEL: ALL TOGETHER NOW Thirty years later, the surviving Beatles get back to where they once belonged |work=People |date=1994-02-14 |accessdate=2006-11-10}}</ref> The pair had met previously at a 1967 ] concert at ] club,<ref name="Wingspandvd"/><ref name="Nails">{{cite web |last=Newman |first=Raymond |date=2006-08-20 |url=http://www.revolverbook.co.uk/beatleslondon.html |title=The Beatles' London, 1965-66 ''Abracadabra!'' |publisher=revolverbook.co.uk |accessdate=2006-06-11}}</ref> during her UK assignment to take photographs of "Swinging Sixties" musicians in London. Paul and Linda were both vegetarian and supported the animal rights organisation ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peta.org/campaigns/sirpaul.asp|title=Sir Paul McCartney's exclusive interview:we will win|last=Mathews|first=Dan|work=peta.org Campaigns|publisher=PETA|accessdate=3 September 2009}}</ref>. They had four children; Linda's daughter ] (who was adopted by Paul), ], ] and ]) and remained married until Linda's death from breast cancer in 1998. | |||
| ===Heather Mills=== | |||
| In 2002, McCartney married ], a former model and anti-] campaigner. The couple had a child, Beatrice, in 2003. They separated in May 2006 and were divorced in May 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.judiciary.gov.uk/docs/judgments_guidance/judgment_180308.pdf |title=Approved Judgment, Case No. FD06D03721, ¶ 7, 17 March 2008}}</ref> Widespread animosity towards McCartney's wives was reported in 2004. "They didn't like me giving up on Jane Asher," McCartney said. "I married a New York divorcee with a child, and at the time they didn't like that."<ref name="MaccaSMH">"McCartney's lament: I can't buy your love", '']'', 12 June 2004.</ref> | |||
| ===Nancy Shevell=== | |||
| McCartney has been dating Nancy Shevell since November, 2007.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/07/nyregion/07beatle.html |title=Former Beatle Linked to Member of M.T.A. Unit |publisher=New York Times |date=2007-11-07}}</ref> She is a member of the board of the ] as well as vice president of a family-owned transportation conglomerate which includes ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nemf.com/nancy.html |title=Nancy Chevell, Vice President - Administration}}</ref> | |||
| ==Lifestyle== | |||
| ===Recreational drug use=== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| McCartney's introduction to drugs started in ], Germany.<ref name="TheBeatlesAnthologyDVDEpisode14428">''The Beatles Anthology'' DVD 2003 (Episode 1: 44:28) Starr and Harrison talking about Preludins in Hamburg.</ref> The Beatles had to play for hours, and they were often given "Prellies" (]) by German customers or by ] (whose mother bought them). McCartney would usually take one, but Lennon would often take four or five.<ref name="Milesp66-67">Miles (1997) pp66-67</ref> | |||
| McCartney remembered getting "very high" and giggling when The Beatles were introduced to cannabis by ] in New York, in 1964.<ref name="MilesPage188-89">Miles (1997) pp188-89</ref> McCartney's use of cannabis became regular, and he was quoted as saying that any future Beatles' lyrics containing the words "high", or "grass" were written specifically as a reference to cannabis, as was the phrase "another kind of mind" in "]".<ref name="MilesPage190">Miles (1997) p190</ref> ] flat at 29 Lennox Gardens, in London, became a regular hang-out for McCartney, where he talked to musicians, writers and artists, and smoked cannabis.<ref name="MilesPage217"/> In 1965, Miles introduced McCartney to ] by using a recipe for ] fudge he found in the ] Cookbook.<ref name="MilesPage233">Miles (1997) p233</ref> During the filming of '']'', he and the other Beatles occasionally smoked a ] in the car on the way to the studio during filming, which often made them forget their lines.<ref name="MilesPage67-68">Miles (1997) pp67-68</ref> ''Help!'' director ] said that he overheard "two beautiful women" trying to cajole McCartney into taking heroin, but he refused.<ref name="MilesPage67-68" /> | |||
| McCartney's attitude about cannabis was made public in the 1960s, when he added his name to an advertisement in '']'', on 24 July 1967, which asked for the legalisation of cannabis, the release of all prisoners imprisoned because of possession, and research into marijuana's medical uses. The ] was sponsored by a group called Soma and was signed by 65 people, including The Beatles, Epstein, ], 15 doctors, and two ].<ref name="Tokyo">{{cite web |url=http://www.taima.org/en/hemplib3.htm |title=Paul McCartney's arrest in Japan |accessdate=2007-01-27}}</ref> | |||
| McCartney was introduced to cocaine by ], and it was available during the recording of ''Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band''.<ref name="MilesPage247">Miles (1997) p247</ref><ref name="MilesPage191">Miles (1997) p191</ref> He admitted that he used the drug multiple times for about a year but stopped because of the unpleasant comedown.<ref name="bbcdrug">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3769511.stm |title=Sir Paul reveals Beatles drug use |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-27 | date=2004-06-02}}</ref> | |||
| In 1967, on a sailing trip to ]<ref name="MilesBeatlesDiaryP4">Miles (1998). ''The Beatles Diary'', p244</ref> (with the idea of buying an island for the whole group)<ref name="MilesBadmanDiaryp272">Miles, Badman (2001) p272</ref> McCartney said everybody sat around and took ], although McCartney had first taken it with ], in 1966.<ref name="MilesPage379">Miles (1997) p379.</ref><ref name="MilesPage380">Miles (1997) p380</ref><ref name="TheBeatlesAnthologyDVDEpisode610618">''The Beatles Anthology'' DVD 2003 (Episode 6 - 1:06:18) Harrison talking about the trip to Greece to buy an island.</ref> He took his second "]" with Lennon on 21 March 1967 after a studio session.<ref name="MilesPage382">Miles (1997) p382</ref> McCartney was the first British pop star to openly admit using LSD, in an interview in the now-defunct "Queen" magazine.<ref name="MilesPage393">Miles (1997) p393</ref> His admission was followed by a TV interview in the UK on ] on 19 June 1967, when McCartney was asked about his admission of LSD use, he said: | |||
| {{cquote | I was asked a question by a newspaper, and the decision was whether to tell a lie or tell him the truth. I decided to tell him the truth ... but I really didn't want to say anything, you know, because if I had my way I wouldn't have told anyone. I'm not trying to spread the word about this. But the man from the newspaper is the man from the mass medium. I'll keep it a personal thing if he does too, you know ... if he keeps it quiet. But he wanted to spread it so it's his responsibility, you know, for spreading it, not mine.}} | |||
| In spite of his statements then, and his admission (in 2004) that he had used cocaine, McCartney was not arrested by ]'s Drug Squad, as had been Lennon, Harrison, ], and several members of ].<ref name="bbcdrug"/> In 1972, however, police found ] plants growing on his Scottish farm.<ref name="MilesPage395">Miles (1997) p395</ref> | |||
| On 16 January 1980, Wings went to ] for 11 concerts in Japan.<ref name="Bandontherun">{{cite book|author=McGee, Garry|title=Band on the Run: A History of Paul McCartney and Wings| publisher=Taylor Trade Publishing| year=2003|isbn=0-87833-304-5}}</ref> As McCartney was going through customs, officials found 7.7 ounces (218.3 g) of cannabis in his luggage.<ref name="Bandontherun"/> He was arrested and taken to a Tokyo prison while the Japanese government decided what to do. McCartney had been previously denied a visa to Japan (in 1975) because he had been convicted twice in Europe for possession of cannabis.<ref name="bbcdrug" /> Public figures called for McCartney to be put on ] for drug-smuggling. Had he been convicted, he would have faced up to seven years in prison.<ref name="Bandontherun"/> The members of Wings cancelled the tour and left Japan. After ten days in jail, McCartney was released and deported. He was told that he would not be welcome in Japan again, although a decade later he played a concert in Tokyo.<ref name="Bandontherun"/> In 1984, Paul and Linda McCartney were both arrested for possession of cannabis.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,954120,00.html |publisher=Time Magazine |title=Milestones |accessdate=2007-08-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.10zenmonkeys.com/2007/01/03/paul-mccartney-on-drugs/ |title=Paul McCartney on Drugs |accessdate=2007-08-08}}</ref> | |||
| ===Meditation=== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| On 24 August 1967, McCartney met the ] at the ], and later went to ], in North ], to attend a weekend 'initiation' conference.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/walesonair/database/beatles.shtml |title=Beatles in Bangor |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-29}}</ref> McCartney said that although he does not meditate daily, he still uses the mantra that the ] gave him in Bangor.<ref name="MilesPage396">Miles (1997) p396</ref> The time McCartney later spent in India at the Maharishi's ] was highly productive, as practically all of the songs that would later be recorded for '']'' and '']'' were composed there by McCartney, Lennon, or both together.<ref name="MilesPage397">Miles (1997) p397</ref> Although McCartney was told that he was never to repeat the mantra to anyone else, he did tell Linda McCartney,<ref name="MilesPage404">Miles (1997) p404</ref> and said he meditated a lot while he was in jail in Japan.<ref name="MilesPage396"/> In 2009, McCartney, along with ], headlined a benefit concert at ], raising three million dollars for the ] to fund instruction in ] for ] youth.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/06/arts/music/06mcca.html |title=Just Say 'Om': The Fab Two Give a Little Help to a Cause |publisher=nytimes.com |accessdate=2009-07-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/music-reviews/concert-review-change-begins-within-1003959022.story |title=Change Begins Within at Radio City Music Hall |publisher=hollywoodreporter.com |accessdate=2009-07-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.davidlynchfoundation.org |title=Coming together to teach one million at-risk youth to meditate |publisher=davidlynchfoundation.org |accessdate=2009-07-18}}</ref> | |||
| ===Activism=== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| ]'s ''Go Veggie!'' campaign, 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blog.peta.org/archives/2008/03/paul_mccartneys_1.php |title=Paul McCartney's New Ad for PETA! |date=2008-11-03 |accessdate=2009-07-13}}</ref> |alt=McCartney, in his late sixties, sitting on a white stool in front of an off-white wall. He wears a black hat, black pants, and white and black shoes, and a black T-shirt bearing the words EAT NO above a picture of a four-legged animal. He points with his left hand to the logo. The image also includes text in German.]]<!-- This image has been placed in the Public Domain by PETA, and should NOT be removed/replaced under "Fair Use" criteria. Please see image file for details.--> | |||
| Paul and Linda McCartney became outspoken vegetarians and animal-rights activists. They said that their vegetarianism was realised when they happened to see lambs in a field as they ate a meal of lamb.<ref name="Linda">Linda McCartney, by Danny Fields, Time Warner Paperbacks, 1 February 2001, ISBN 0-7515-2985-0</ref> McCartney has also credited the 1942 ] film '']''—in which the young deer's mother is shot by a hunter—as the original inspiration for him to take an interest in ].<ref name="Bambi">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4520658.stm |title='Bambi’ was cruel |publisher=bbb.co.uk |date=2005-12-12 |accessdate=2007-01-29}}</ref> In his first interview after Linda's death, he promised to continue working for animal rights.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/145974.stm |title=McCartney vows to keep animal rights torch alight |publisher=bbc.co.uk |date=1998-08-05 |accessdate=2007-01-29}}</ref><ref name="PETA">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1421691.stm |title=Babe actor arrested after protest |publisher=BBC News |date=2001-07-04 | accessdate=2010-01-03}} ''passim''</ref> | |||
| In 1999, McCartney spent £3,000,000 to make sure Linda McCartney's food range remained free of ] ingredients.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/365947.stm |title=GM-free ingredients |publisher=bbc.co.uk |date=1999-06-10 | accessdate=2010-01-03}}</ref> In 2002, McCartney gave his support to a campaign against a proposed ban on the sale of certain vitamins, herbs and mineral products in the European Union.<ref name="naturalprotest">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/2491551.stm |title=Protest at ban on ‘mineral’ products |publisher=BBC News |date=2002-11-19 | accessdate=2010-01-03}}</ref> Following his marriage to Heather Mills, McCartney joined with her to campaign against ]s;<ref name="AdoptAMinefield">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1287128.stm |title=McCartney calls for landmine ban |publisher=BBC News |date=2001-04-20 | accessdate=2010-01-03}}</ref><ref name="landmines" /> both McCartney and Mills are patrons of ].<ref name="AdoptAMinefield" /> In 2003, he played a personal concert for the wife of a wealthy banker and donated his one million dollars to the charity.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2793191.stm |title=McCartney plays for Ralph Whitworth |publisher=bbc.co.uk | date=2003-02-24 | accessdate=2010-01-03}}</ref> He also wore an anti-landmines t-shirt on the ] tour.<ref name="landmines">{{cite web |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-538255/McCartney-divorce-battle-The-judgement-2.html |title=McCartney divorce battle: The full judgement part 2 |publisher=dailymail.co.uk |date=2008-03-18 |accessdate=2009-07-13 }}</ref> | |||
| ] | |||
| In 2006, the McCartneys travelled to ] to bring international attention to the ] (their final public appearance together). Their arrival sparked attention in ] where the hunt is of economic significance.<ref name="Sealcull">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4769628.stm |title=Paul and Heather call for seal cull ban, Friday, 3 March 2006 |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-27 | date=2006-03-03}}</ref> The couple also debated with Newfoundland's Premier ] on the ] show '']''. They further stated that the fishermen should quit hunting seals and begin a seal watching business.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0603/03/lkl.01.html |title=Interview transcript, McCartney and Heather, Larry King Live, Seal cull |publisher=CNN |date=2006-03-03}}</ref> McCartney has also criticised China's fur trade,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/4476664.stm |title=McCartney attacks China over fur |publisher=bbc.co.uk |date=2005-11-28 | accessdate=2010-01-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/real_story/4919980.stm |title=No-one is Beatle proof |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2009-04-14 | date=2006-05-03}}</ref> and supports the ] campaign.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.makepovertyhistory.org/index.shtml?entry=cornerwhitebandsmallright&referrer=www.paulmccartney.com |title=Make Poverty History |accessdate=2006-12-02}}</ref> | |||
| McCartney has been involved with a number of charity recordings and performances. In 2004, he donated a song to an album to aid the "US Campaign for ]", in support of Burmese Nobel Prize winner ],<ref name="Burmaprotest">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4110628.stm |title=US campaign for Burma protest |publisher=bbb.co.uk |date=2005-06-20 | accessdate=2010-01-03}}</ref> and he had previously been involved in the ], ], ], ], and the recording of "]" (released 8 May 1989) following the ].<ref name="ConcertforKampuchea">{{cite web |url=http://sea-monkeys.tripod.com/discography/id26.html |title=Concert for Kampuchea |accessdate=2006-11-09}}</ref><ref name="FerryAidSinglecovers">{{cite web |url=http://beatleshelp.topcities.com/collabo/let.html |title=Ferry Aid Single covers |date=2006-11-09}}</ref> | |||
| In a December 2008 interview with ], McCartney mentioned that he tried to convince the ] to become a vegetarian. In a letter to the Dalai Lama, McCartney took issue with Buddhism and meat-eating being considered compatible, saying, "Forgive me for pointing this out, but if you eat animals then there is some suffering somewhere along the line." The Dalai Lama replied to McCartney by saying his doctors advised him to eat meat for health reasons. In the interview McCartney said, "I wrote back saying they were wrong."<ref>{{cite web |title=Sir Paul McCartney - McCartney's Meat Row with Dalai Lama |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/news.nsf/article/mccartneys%20meat%20row%20with%20dalai%20lama_1089529}}</ref> | |||
| ===Football=== | |||
| The Beatles were advised by Epstein to make no comments about the football clubs they supported, in case they alienated fans of the group, although McCartney was known as a supporter of ], because his father and relatives used to take him to matches.<ref name="MaccasABlue">{{cite web |url=http://www.evertonfc.com/news/archive/macca-s-a-blue.html |title=Macca's a blue |accessdate=2008-02-20}}</ref><ref name="DidTheFabsLikeFootball">{{cite web |first=Tanya |last=Aldred |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2003/dec/11/theknowledge.sport |title=Did The Beatles Like Football? |publisher=Guardian |date=2003-12-11 |accessdate=2008-05-19}}</ref> His allegiance later encompassed ],<ref name="LindaQuotesBrainy">{{cite web |first= |last= |url=http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/l/linda_mccartney.html |title=Linda McCartney Quotes |publisher=Brainy Quote |accessdate=2008-05-18}}</ref><ref name="McCartneyEvertonFanAtLast">{{cite web |first=Mike |last=Chapple |url=http://www.liverpooldailypost.co.uk/everton-fc/everton-fc-news/2008/07/01/revealed-secret-life-of-ex-beatle-paul-mccartney-as-everton-fan-64375-21205625/ |title=Revealed – secret life of ex-Beatle Paul McCartney as Everton fan |publisher=] |date=2008-07-01 |accessdate=2008-07-02}}</ref> as on 28 July 1968, The Beatles were photographed in a photographer's studio at 192-212 Gray's Inn Road, with McCartney wearing a Liverpool F.C. ].<ref name="HideTheirFootballingLoveAway">{{cite web|url=http://stage.hn.haymarketnetwork.com/editorial/features/didthebeatleshidetheirfootballingloveaway.aspx |title=Did The Beatles Hide Their Footballing Love Away? |first= |last= |publisher=Haymarket Media Group|accessdate=2009-07-15}}</ref> Linda McCartney later said: "We spent last night listening to Liverpool football team on the radio, wanting them to win so badly. Paul supports Everton..<ref name="UncoveredFootballTruth">{{cite web |first= |last= |url=http://www.runofplay.com/2008/04/08/football-and-the-beatles-the-easily-uncovered-truth/ |title=Football and the Beatles: The Easily-Uncovered Truth |publisher=The Run of Play |accessdate=2008-05-19}}</ref>"<ref name="BeatlesAndFootball"/> | |||
| Lennon and McCartney were present to watch the ] at ], between Everton and ], and McCartney attended the ] (18 May 1968) which was played by ] against Everton.<ref name="Tennantp274">Tennant (2002) p274</ref> After the end of the match, McCartney shared cigarettes and whisky with other football fans.<ref name="BeatlesAndFootball">{{cite web |first=Ingle |last=Sean |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2004/jan/09/theknowledge.sport |title=The Beatles and Football |publisher=Guardian |date=2004-01-09 |accessdate=2008-05-19}}</ref> The ex-Liverpool player, ], was the only footballer shown on the ] cover.<ref name="DidTheFabsLikeFootball"/> | |||
| McCartney tried to listen (on a radio) to the Liverpool v ] ], while sailing in the Caribbean,<ref name="DidTheFabsLikeFootball"/> and the video for McCartney's ] (in 1983) recreated ] played between German and British troops during World War I, at Christmas.<ref name="XmasMatches">{{cite web |first=Scott |last=Murray |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2007/dec/21/1 |title=Joy of Six: Great Christmas Matches |publisher=Guardian |date=2007-12-21 |accessdate=2008-05-19}}</ref><ref name="WorldWarOneFootball">{{cite web |first=Johannes (Leutnant) |last=Niemann |url=http://www.fylde.demon.co.uk/xmas.htm |title=The German View of Events - including the Football Match |publisher=Tom Morgan |accessdate=2008-05-19}}</ref> At the end of the live version of ] recorded in Glasgow in 1979 (later to become a US number one single) the crowd begins to sing ''"Paul McCartney!"'' until McCartney takes over and changes the chant to ''"]!"'', referring to the current Liverpool and Scotland striker. At the same concert, ], former ] player who played for ] and ], met the McCartneys, and later accepted an invitation to visit their home in East Sussex, in 1980. Smith later said that McCartney was "thrilled I knew ]”, to which Linda added: "I like ] of Man United", and Smith replied, "I know him too."<ref name="WeLovedThem">{{cite web |first= |last= |url=http://www.sundaymail.co.uk/lifestyle/lifestyle-catchall/2008/11/09/we-loved-them-yeah-yeah-yeah-78057-20880483/ |title=We Loved Them, Yeah Yeah, Yeah |publisher=Sunday Mail |date=2008-11-09 |accessdate=2008-12-20}}</ref> | |||
| McCartney was seen at the ] between Liverpool and Everton,<ref name="BeatlesAndFootball"/> and in 1989, McCartney contributed to the "Ferry Cross the Mersey" charity single that was recorded to aid victims of the ], which happened during a match between Liverpool and ].<ref name="EveryHitFerrySingle">{{cite web |first= |last= |url=http://www.everyhit.com/football/ |title=The Footie Fifty |publisher=Every Hit |accessdate=2008-05-19}}</ref> McCartney performed at the ] ] stadium on 1 June 2008, as a part of Liverpool's ] year.<ref name="McCartneyrocksAnfield">{{cite web |first=Gillian |last=Reynolds |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/celebritynews/2063298/Sir-Paul-McCartney-rocks-Anfield-stadium.html |title=Sir Paul McCartney rocks Anfield stadium |publisher=The Telegraph |date=2008-06-02 |accessdate=2008-11-23}}</ref> ] from the ] sang with McCartney on ], and played drums on ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2009/02/08/paul-mccartney-and-dave-grohl-a-bromance-is-born-before-the-grammys/ |title=Paul McCartney and Dave Grohl: A Bromance Is Born Before the Grammys |publisher=rollingstone.com |date=2009-02-08 |accessdate=2009-07-13}}</ref> Ono and ] attended the concert, along with ], and the Liverpool F.C. football manager ].<ref name="Macca'slongandwindingroad">{{cite news |first=Jonathan |last=Brown |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/sir-paul-mccartney-anfield-stadium-liverpool-maccas-long-and-winding-road-brings-him-home-838250.html |title=Sir Paul McCartney, Anfield Stadium, Liverpool: Macca's long and winding road brings him home |publisher=The Independent |date=2008-06-02 |accessdate=2008-11-23}}</ref><ref name="PaulMcCartneyAnfield">{{cite web |first=Alexis |last=Petridis |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2008/jun/02/popandrock.europeancapitalofculture2008 |title=Paul McCartney - Anfield |publisher=The Guardian |date=2008-06-02 |accessdate=2008-11-23}}</ref><ref name="LiverpoolSoundgig">{{cite web |first=Catherine |last=Jones |url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/liverpool-news/local-news/2008/05/31/paul-mccartney-anfield-liverpool-sound-gig-will-be-just-like-playing-to-my-mates-100252-21002200/ |title=Paul McCartney: Anfield Liverpool Sound gig will be just like playing to my mates |publisher=Liverpool Echo |date=2008-05-31 |accessdate=2008-11-23}}</ref> | |||
| ==Business== | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| {{Main|Apple Corps|Northern Songs|MPL Communications}} | |||
| McCartney is today one of Britain's wealthiest musicians, with an estimated fortune of £750 million ($1.2 billion) in 2009,<ref name="McCartneymoney">{{cite web |url=http://www.virginmedia.com/money/moneymakers/rich-list-07.php?ssid=6 |title=Britain's Rich List: Sir Paul McCartney |publisher=Virgin.net |date=2006-10-31}}</ref> although Justice Bennett, in his judgment on McCartney's divorce case found no evidence that McCartney was worth more than £400 million.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.judiciary.gov.uk/docs/judgments_guidance/judgment_180308.pdf |title=Justice Bennet's judgment on McCartney v Mills McCartney |accessdate=2008-03-18}}</ref> In addition to his interest in ], McCartney's ] owns a significant ] catalogue, with access to over 25,000 copyrights.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1745647.stm |title=Sir Paul is 'pop billionaire' |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2009-07-13 | date=2002-01-06}}</ref> McCartney earned £40 million in 2003, making him Britain's highest media earner.<ref>{{cite news |title=McCartney tops media rich list |publisher=BBC News |date=2003-10-30 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/showbiz/3227171.stm | accessdate=2010-01-03}}</ref> This rose to £48.5 million by 2005.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/05/18/nmacca18.xml |title=48 million in 2005 |publisher=The Telegraph |date=2006-05-18}}</ref> In the same year he joined the top American talent agency Grabow Associates, who arrange private performances for their richest clients.<ref name="McCartneyspeaker">{{cite web |url=http://news.scotsman.com/topics.cfm?tid=371&id=557902005 |title=Guest speaker |publisher=Evening News |date=2005-05-21}}</ref> | |||
| ] was established in 1963, by ], to publish the songs of Lennon/McCartney.<ref name="Spitzp365">Spitz (2005), p365.</ref> The Beatles' partnership was replaced in 1968 by a jointly held company, ], which continues to control Apple's commercial interests. ] was purchased by ] (ATV) in 1969, and was sold in 1985 to ]. For many years McCartney was unhappy about Jackson's purchase and handling of Northern Songs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/new/xmlfeed.nsf/mndwebpages/mccartney%20wont%20buy%20beatle%20rights |title=McCartney talking about The Beatles catalogue |publisher=contactmusic.com |accessdate=2007-01-27}}</ref> | |||
| ] is an umbrella company for McCartney's business interests, which owns a wide range of copyrights,<ref name="MPLpublishing">{{cite web |url=http://www.mplcommunications.com |title=MPL music publishing |accessdate=2009-07-13}}</ref> as well as the publishing rights to musicals.<ref name="Grease">{{cite web |url=http://www2.localaccess.com/frnholo/beatles.htm |title=McCartney and the Musical “Grease” |publisher=localaccess.com |accessdate=2007-01-27}}</ref> In 2006, the ] reported that ] had started a process to secure the protections associated with registering the name "Paul McCartney" as a ].<ref name="Business">{{cite web |url=http://arts.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,1922412,00.html |title=Paul McCartney Trademark |publisher=The Guardian |date=2006-10-14}}</ref> The 2005 films, '']''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.brokebackmountain.com/ |title=''Brokeback Mountain'' web page |publisher=brokebackmountain.com |accessdate=2006-12-05}}</ref> and '']'', feature ] copyrights.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://wip.warnerbros.com/goodnightgoodluck/ |title=Goodnight and Good Luck |publisher=warnerbros.com |accessdate=2006-12-05}}</ref> | |||
| In April 2009, it was revealed that McCartney, in common with other wealthy musicians, had seen a significant decline in his net worth over the preceding year. It was estimated that his fortune had fallen by some £60m, from £238m to £175m.<ref name="Ref-1">{{cite web|url=http://www.idiomag.com/peek/78074/paul_mccartney|title=Sir Paul McCartney hit by recession|accessdate=2009-04-26|date=2009-04-24|publisher=]}}</ref> The losses were attributed to the ongoing ], and the resultant decline in value of property and ] holdings.<ref name="Ref-1"/> | |||
| ==Critique, recognition and achievements== | |||
| {{Main|List of awards received by Paul McCartney}} | |||
| ], 6 June 2004]] | |||
| <!-- Put references into this article or your edit will be deleted --> | |||
| McCartney is listed in '']'' as the most successful musician and composer in popular music history,<ref name="HardTalk">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/hardtalk/4414102.stm |title=Sir Paul McCartney - music legend (review of a '']'' television interview) |publisher=BBC News |accessdate=2006-06-11 | date=2005-11-07}}</ref><ref name="ramvideo">{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsa/n5ctrl/progs/05/hardtalk/mccartney07nov.ram |title=Video |accessdate=2006-06-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/default.aspx |title=Guinness Book of Records |publisher=Guiness |accessdate=2007-01-27}}</ref> with sales of 100 million singles and 60 gold discs.<ref>{{cite web |last=Dattani |first=Meera |url=http://www.virgin.net/money/moneymakers/mccartney.html |title=Sir Paul McCartney |publisher=] |accessdate=2006-06-11}}</ref> McCartney has achieved twenty-nine number-one singles in the US, twenty of them with The Beatles, the rest with Wings and as a solo artist.<ref name="HardTalk"/> McCartney has been involved in more number-one singles in the United Kingdom than any other artist under a variety of credits, although ] has achieved more as a solo artist. McCartney has achieved 24 number-ones in the UK: solo (1), Wings (1), with ] (1), ] (1), ] (1), ] (1) and The Beatles (17).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.everyhit.com/record1.html |title=Number 1 singles |accessdate=2007-01-27}}</ref> McCartney is the only artist to reach the UK number one as a ] ("Pipes of Peace"), duo ("Ebony and Ivory" with Stevie Wonder), ] ("Mull of Kintyre", Wings), quartet ("She Loves You", The Beatles), quintet ("Get Back", The Beatles with ]) and as part of a musical ensemble for charity (]).<ref>{{cite book |editor1-first=David |editor1-last=Roberts |title=British Hit Singles & Albums |publisher=Guiness World Records Limited |edition=19 |year=2006 |isbn=9781904994107 |page=337}}</ref> In America, McCartney reached number-one with 29 singles: solo (1), Wings (5), with ] (1), with ] (1), with ] (1), with the Beatles (20); he was also the composer of "]," a #1 single for ]. McCartney's song "]" is the most covered song in history with more than 3,500 recorded versions<ref name=BBCYesterday>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/334373.stm |title=Sir Paul is Your Millennium's greatest composer |date=1999-05-03 |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2006-11-03}}</ref> and has been played more than 7,000,000 times on American TV and radio, for which McCartney was given an award.<ref name=BBCYesterday2>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/569537.stm |title=McCartney's Yesterday earns US accolade |publisher=bbc.co.uk |date=1999-12-17 |accessdate=2006-06-11}}</ref> After its 1977 release the Wings single "Mull of Kintyre" became the highest-selling record in British chart history, and remained so until 1984.<ref name="Singlesbanned">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/5087006.stm |title=The seven ages of Paul McCartney |publisher=BBC News |date=2006-06-17 |accessdate=2006-06-11}}</ref> (Three charity singles have since surpassed it in sales; the first to do so, in 1984, was ]'s "]?", whose participants included McCartney.) | |||
| The minor planet ], discovered in 1983, was named 'McCartney' in his honour.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iau/special/rocknroll/0004148.html |title=Planet called McCartney |publisher=harvard.edu |accessdate=2007-05-29}}</ref> | |||
| On 2 July 2005, he was involved with the fastest-released single in history. His performance of "]" with ] at ] was released only 45 minutes after it was performed, before the end of the concert.<ref name="Live8">Live 8 (DVD) Various Artists, 7 November 2005, Cat. No: ANGELDVD5</ref> The single reached number six on the Billboard charts, just hours after the single's release, and hit number one on numerous online download charts across the world.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/cbbcnews/hi/newsid_4680000/newsid_4680500/4680519.stm |title=Live 8 single |publisher=bbc.co.uk |date=2005-07-13 | accessdate=2010-01-03}}</ref> McCartney played for the largest stadium audience in history when 184,000 people paid to see him perform at ] in ], ] on 21 April 1990.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ecommercetimes.com/story/6078.html |title=One Year Ago: Internet Gives McCartney All-Time Largest Album Promo |accessdate=2007-01-27}}</ref> | |||
| McCartney's scheduled concert in ], Russia was his 3,000th concert and took place in front of 60,000 fans in Russia, on 20 June 2004.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3824209.stm |title=Sir Paul hits 3,000 in Russia |publisher=bbc/co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-27 | date=2004-06-20}}</ref> Over his career, McCartney has played 2,523 gigs with The Beatles, 140 with Wings, and 325 as a solo artist.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/3824209.stm |title=3,000 concerts played |date=2004-06-20 |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-27}}</ref> however, the outlook on the upcoming concert looked dim, after several days of rain. Only his second concert in Russia, with the first just the year before on Moscow's ] as the former ] ] had previously banned music from the Beatles as a "corrupting influence", McCartney hired 3 ]s, at a reported cost of $36,000 (€29,800) (£28,000), to spray ] in the clouds above Saint Petersburg's ] in a successful attempt to prevent rain.<ref name="Dry Ice">{{cite web|url=http://specialevents.com/news/syndicate/McCartney_stops_rain_for_Russia_concert_20040623/|title=McCartney stops rain in Russia|date=June 23, 2004|work=McCartney event team seeds clouds in Russia|publisher=Penton Media Inc., 2009|accessdate=2009-11-18}}</ref> The day McCartney flew into the former Soviet country, he celebrated his 62nd birthday, and after the concert, according to '']'' news agency, he received a phone call from a fan; then-President ], who telephoned him after the concert to wish him a happy birthday. | |||
| In the concert programme for his 1989 world tour, McCartney wrote that Lennon received all the credit for being the ] Beatle,<ref name="MilesPage232"/> and McCartney was known as 'baby-faced', which he disagreed with.<ref name="MilesPagexi">Miles (1997) pXI</ref> People also assumed that Lennon was the 'hard-edged one', and McCartney was the 'soft-edged' Beatle,<ref name="MilesPage31"/> although McCartney admitted to 'bossing Lennon around.'<ref name="Milesp32">Miles (1997) p32</ref> Linda McCartney said that McCartney had a 'hard-edge'—and not just on the surface—which she knew about after all the years she had spent living with him.<ref name="MilesPage31"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznews.html?in_article_id=414571&in_page_id=1773 |title=The Linda McCartney Tapes |publisher=dailymail.co.uk |accessdate=2006-11-05}}</ref> McCartney seemed to confirm this edge when he commented that he sometimes meditates, which he said is better than "sleeping, eating, or shouting at someone".<ref name="MilesPage404"/> | |||
| On 18 June 2006, McCartney celebrated his 64th birthday, the human milestone that was the subject of one of the first songs he ever wrote, at the age of sixteen,<ref name="miles319">Miles (1997) p319</ref> the Beatles song "]." ] noted in '']'': {{cquote | "Paul McCartney’s 64th birthday is not merely a personal event. It is a cultural milestone for a generation. Such is the nature of celebrity, McCartney is one of those people who has represented the hopes and aspirations of those born in the baby-boom era, which had its awakening in the Sixties."<ref> macca-central.com - Retrieved 29 January 2007</ref> }} | |||
| ==Discography== | |||
| {{Main|Paul McCartney discography|The Beatles discography}} | |||
| ==Tours== | |||
| {{Main|Paul McCartney's concert tours}} | |||
| ==Notes== | |||
| {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} | |||
| ==References== | |||
| <!-- Add items here that have been cited in shorthand above --> | |||
| <div class="references-small"> | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Andy |last=Babiuk |title=Beatles Gear: All the Fab Four's Instruments, from Stage to Studio |publisher=Backbeat Books{{!}}Backbeat Books (revised) |year=2002 |isbn=0-87930-662-9}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Ray |last=Coleman |authorlink=Ray Coleman |title=Lennon: the definitive biography |publisher=] |edition=Rev/Upd |year=1992 |isbn=10-00609-860-85}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Hunter |last=Davies |authorlink=Hunter Davies |title=The Beatles: The Authorized Biography |publisher=Cassell Illustrated (revised) |year=2004 |isbn=1-84403-104-7}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Paul |last=Gambaccini |authorlink=Paul Gambaccini |title=Paul McCartney: In His Own Words |publisher=] |year=1993 |isbn=978-0860012399}} | |||
| *{{cite book |first=Paul |last=Gambaccini |authorlink=Paul Gambaccini |title=The McCartney Interviews: After the Break-Up |publisher=] |year=1996 |isbn=978-0711954946}} | |||
| * {{cite book|last=Gould|first=Jonathan|title=Can't Buy Me Love: The Beatles, Britain and America|publisher=Piatkus Books|year=2008|isbn=978-0-7499-2988-6}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Jorie B. |last=Gracen |title=Paul McCartney: I Saw Him Standing There |publisher=Billboard Books |year=2000 |isbn=0-8230-8372-1}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Bill |last=Harry |authorlink=Bill Harry |title=The Paul McCartney Encyclopedia |publisher=] |year=2002 |isbn=0-7535-0716-1}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Cynthia |last=Lennon |authorlink=Cynthia Lennon |title=A Twist of Lennon |publisher=] |year=1980 |isbn=0-380-45450-5}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Cynthia |last=Lennon |authorlink=Cynthia Lennon |title=John |publisher=] |year=2006 |isbn=0-340-89828-3}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Mark |last=Lewisohn |authorlink=Mark Lewisohn |title=Wingspan |publisher=] (New York) |year=2002 |isbn=0-316-86032-8}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Garry |last=McGee |title=Band on the Run: A History of Paul McCartney and Wings |publisher=Taylor Trade Publishing |year=2003 |isbn=0-87833-304-5}} | |||
| * {{cite book | author=] | title=] | publisher=]-] | year=1997 | isbn=0-7493-8658-4}} | |||
| * {{cite book|last=Miles|first=Barry|authorlink=Barry Miles|title=The Beatles Diary|publisher=Omnibus Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0711963153}} | |||
| *{{cite book | author=], Badman, Keith | title=The Beatles Diary: After the Break-Up 1970-2001 | publisher=] | year=2001 | isbn=978-0711983076}} | |||
| * {{cite book | author=Pawlowski, Gareth L. | title=How They Became The Beatles | publisher=McDonald & Co (Publishers) Ltd | year=1990 | isbn=0-356-19052-8}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Ian |last=Peel |title=The Unknown Paul McCartney |publisher=Reynolds & Hearn Ltd |year=2002 |isbn=1-903111-36-6}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Bob |last=Spitz |authorlink=Bob Spitz |title=The Beatles: The Biography |publisher=] (]) |year=2005 |isbn=1-84513-160-6}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=John |last=Tennant |title=Football the Golden Age: A Collection of Over 250 Extraordinary Images |publisher=Cassell Illustrated |year=2002 |isbn=1-84188-203-8}} | |||
| * {{cite book |author=The Beatles |authorlink=The Beatles |title=] (DVD) |publisher=] |year=2003 |id=ASIN - B00008GKEG}} | |||
| </div> | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| {{commons}} | |||
| {{wikiquote}} | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| {{Rockhall|paul-mccartney}} | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| {{Paul McCartney}} | |||
| {{Paul McCartney singles}} | |||
| {{The Beatles}} | |||
| {{James Bond music}} | |||
| {{Paul McCartney Family}} | |||
| {{Link FA | no}} | |||
| <!--Please do not sort alphabetically. There are so many that that would make the key categories very hard to find.--> | |||
| <!-- Please respect alphabetical order --> | |||
| {{Persondata | |||
| |NAME=McCartney, Paul | |||
| |ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Sir James Paul McCartney | |||
| |SHORT DESCRIPTION=English rock musician | |||
| |DATE OF BIRTH=18 June 1942 | |||
| |PLACE OF BIRTH=], UK | |||
| |DATE OF DEATH= | |||
| |PLACE OF DEATH= | |||
| }} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Maccartney, Paul}} | |||
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Revision as of 14:28, 20 January 2010
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