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Revision as of 12:49, 19 April 2010

This is a list of currently reigning monarchs in their respective nations or sub-nations. Monarchs who were deposed or who ruled an abolished monarchy appear separately.

Middle East

Sovereign monarchies

State	Monarch	Since	House	Type	Succession	Standard	Refs
Bahrain	King Hamad ibn Isa	6 March 1999	Al Khalifah	Mixed	Hereditary
Jordan	King Abdullah II	7 February 1999	Hāshim	Constitutional	Hereditary and Semi-elective
Kuwait	Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad	29 January 2006	Al Sabah	Mixed	Hereditary and Elective
Oman	Sultan Qaboos bin Said	23 July 1970	Al Bu Sa‘id	Absolute	Hereditary
Qatar	Emir Hamad bin Khalifa	27 June 1995	Al Thani	Absolute	Hereditary
Saudi Arabia	King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz	1 August 2005	Al Saud	Absolute	Hereditary and Semi-elective
United Arab Emirates	President Khalifa bin Zayed	3 November 2004	Al Nahyan	Semi-constitutional	Hereditary and Elective

Constituent monarchies

State	Constituent	Monarch	Since	House	Type	Succession	Refs
United Arab Emirates	Abu Dhabi	Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed	3 November 2004	Al Nahyan	Limited	Hereditary
	Ajman	Sheikh Humaid V bin Rashid	6 September 1981	Al Nuaim
	Dubai	Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid	4 January 2006	Al Maktoum
	Fujairah	Sheikh Hamad bin Mohammed	18 September 1974	Al Sharqi
	Ras al-Khaimah	Sheikh Saqr bin Mohammad	17 July 1948	Al Qasimi
	Sharjah	Sheikh Sultan III bin Mohamed	24 June 1987	Al Qasimi
	Umm al-Qaiwain	Sheikh Saud bin Rashid	2 January 2009	Al Mu'alla

Asia

Sovereign monarchies

State	Monarch	Since	House	Type	Succession	Standard	Refs
Bhutan	King Jigme Khesar Namgyel	14 December 2006	Wangchuck	Constitutional	Hereditary
Brunei	Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah	1 August 1968		Absolute	Hereditary
Cambodia	King Norodom Sihamoni	24 October 2004		Constitutional	Hereditary and Elective
Japan	Emperor Akihito	7 January 1989	Yamato	Constitutional	Hereditary
Malaysia	King Mizan Zainal Abidin	13 December 2006	Terengganu	Constitutional	Elective and Hereditary
Thailand	King Bhumibol Adulyadej	9 June 1946	Chakri	Constitutional	Hereditary

Constituent monarchies

State	Constituent	Monarch	Since	House	Type	Succession	Refs
Indonesia	Yogyakarta	Sultan Hamengkubuwono X	7 March 1989	Hamengkubuwono	Limited	Hereditary
Malaysia	Johor	Sultan Ibrahim Ismail	22 January 2010	Temenggong	Constitutional	Hereditary
	Kedah	Sultan Abdul Halim	15 July 1958		Constitutional	Hereditary
	Kelantan	Sultan Ismail Petra	30 March 1980		Constitutional	Hereditary
	Negeri Sembilan	Yamtuan Besar Muhriz	29 December 2008	Seri Menanti	Constitutional	Hereditary and Elective
	Pahang	Sultan Ahmad Shah	7 May 1974	Bendahara	Constitutional	Hereditary
	Perak	Sultan Azlan Shah	3 February 1984	Siak	Constitutional	Hereditary
	Perlis	Raja Sirajuddin	17 April 2000	Jamalullail	Constitutional	Hereditary
	Selangor	Sultan Sharafuddin	21 November 2001	Selangor	Constitutional	Hereditary
	Terengganu	Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin	15 May 1998	Bendahara	Constitutional	Hereditary

Traditional monarchies

State	Polity	Monarch	Since	House	Succession	Refs
Bangladesh	Bohmong	Raja Aung Shwe Pru		Chowdhury	Hereditary
	Chakma	Raja Devasish	1971	Roy	Hereditary
	Mong	Raja Saching Prue	17 January 2009	Chowdhury	Hereditary
Malaysia	Jelebu	Dato' Musa bin Abdul Wahab	4 February 1980	Sarin	Elective and Hereditary
	Johol	Dato' Muhammad bin ‘Abdul Ghani	13 March 2007	Gemencheh	Elective and Hereditary
	Rembau	Dato' Muhammad bin Sharif Othman	21 November 1998	Jakun	Elective and Hereditary
	Sungai Ujong	Dato' Mubarak bin Dohak	29 December 1993	Hulu	Elective and Hereditary
	Tampin	Tunku Besar Syed Razman	26 December 2005	Al Qadri	Hereditary

India

Abolished monarchies

Official recognition of royal entitlements and privy purses in India ended through a constitutional amendment in 1971. In some cases, royal families of the former princely states retain a considerable degree of influence in their communities, and their leaders are often still commonly referred to by their claimed titles.

State	Pretender	Since	House	Claim	Succession	Abolition	Refs
Ajaigarh	Ajayraj Singh	1984	Bundela	Maharaja	Hereditary	1950
Akkalkot	Sumitraraje Sahib	1965	Bhonsle	Rani	Hereditary	1948
Ali Rajpur	Kamlendra Singh	30 March 1996	Rathore	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Alipura	Manvendra Singh	27 May 1990	Parihar	Raja	Hereditary	1950
Alwar	Jitendra Singh	15 February 2009	Kachwaha	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Ambliara	Kamal Raj Singhji	1992	Chauhan	Thakore	Hereditary	1948
Athgarh	Radhanath Bebarta	1 January 1950	Patnaik	Raja	Hereditary	1950
Athmalik	Pradip Chandra Deo Samant		Bhanja	Raja	Hereditary	1948
File:Oudh-flag.gif Awadh	Nayyer Quder	23 July 1997	Oudh	Nawab	Hereditary	1856
Baghal	Rajinder Singh	15 April 1948	Baghalia	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Baghat	Keshvinder Singh	27 April 2004	Panwar	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Balasinor	Muhammed Salabat Khan II	10 June 1948	Babi	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Balsan	Trivikram Bhushan Singh	17 July 1979	Parmar	Rana	Hereditary	1948
Bamra	Nitish Ganga Deb	20 October 1997	Gangabasi	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Banganapalle	Fazli Ali Khan IV	October 1983	Naqdi	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Bansda	Digvirendra Sinhji		Solanki	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Banswara	Jagmal Singh II	6 August 2002	Sisodia	Maharawal	Hereditary	1949
Baoni	Iftikhar Khan	13 September 1977	Asaf Jahi	Nawab	Hereditary	1950
Baramba	Tribikram Chandra Deb Birbar Mangraj	1979		Raja	Hereditary	1948
Baroda	Ranjit Singh Rao	1 September 1988	Gaekwad	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Barwani	Manvendra Singh	15 September 2007	Sisodia	Maharana	Hereditary	1948
Bashahr	Virbhadra Singh	15 April 1948	Rajput	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Bastar	Kamal Chandra	1996	Bhanja	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Baudh	Debendra Prasad Deo		Bhanja	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Beja	Vijay Chand	1949	Tanwar	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
File:Azuay.gif Beri	Surendra Singh	1984	Parmar	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Bhajji	Ram Chandra Pal Singh	15 April 1948	Kutleharia	Rana	Hereditary	1948
Bharatpur	Vishvendra Singh	8 July 1995	Sinsinwar	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Bhavnagar	Vijayraj Sinhji	26 July 1994	Gohil	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Bhayavadar	Natranjan Anakchandra		Jaitani	Darbar	Hereditary	1948
Bhopal	Mansur Ali Khan	5 September 1995	Mirazi Khel	Nawab	Hereditary	1949
Bhor	Yogeshrao Chimnajirao	1990		Raja	Hereditary	1948
Bihat	Virendra Singh		Bundela	Rao	Hereditary	1950
Bijawar	Jai Singh	9 July 1983	Bundela	Maharaja	Hereditary	1950
Bikaner	Ravi Raj Singh	24 October 2003	Rathore	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Bilaspur	Kirti Chand	15 November 1983	Chandela	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Bilkha	Jashwant Singh		Virani	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Bonai	Kadamba Keshri Chandra Deo	15 April 1948	Kadamba	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Bundi	Ranjit Singh	24 December 1977	Rajput	Raja	Hereditary	1949
Cambay	Muhammed Ja'afar Ali Khan		Najam-es-Sani	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Cannanore	Sultana Zainaba Aysha	27 September 2006	Arakkal	Ali Raja	Hereditary	1792
Chamba	Prem Singh	21 May 1971	Mushana	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Charkhari	Jayant Singh	7 January 1977	Bundela	Maharaja	Hereditary	1950
Chhaliar	Ajit Singhji		Maharaulji	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Chhatarpur	Bikram Singh	2006	Panwar	Maharaja	Hereditary	1950
Chhota Udaipur	Jai Pratap Sinhji	27 June 2005	Rajput	Maharawal	Hereditary	1948
Chhuikhadan	Ritu Purna Kishor		Bairagi	Mahant	Hereditary	1948
Chorangala	Hardeep Singhji		Rajput	Maharawal	Hereditary	1948
Chotila	Jayvir Dada	1991	Khachar	Darbar	Hereditary	1948
Chuda	Krishna Kumar Sinhji		Jhala	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Danta	Mahipendra Singh	10 July 1989	Parmar	Maharana	Hereditary	1948
Darkoti	Raghubir Singh	1996	Parmar	Rana	Hereditary	1948
Daspalla	Digvijay	19 June 2006	Bhanja	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Datia	Rajendra Singh	October 2006	Bundela	Maharaja	Hereditary	1950
Dewas	Tukojirao IV	21 January 1999	Panwar	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Dhami	Pratap Singh	8 May 1987	Surajbansi	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Dharampur	Sahadevji	5 May 1962	Sisodia	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Dhenkanal	Kamakhya Prasad Singh	3 August 1965	Bhuyavamsha	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Dholpur	Hemant Singh	22 October 1954	Bamraulia	Maharaj Rana	Hereditary	1949
Dhrangadhra	Meghrajji III	15 February 1948	Jhala	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Dhrol	Chandra Sinhji Dipsinhji	15 February 1948	Jadeja	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Dumraon	Kamal Singh		Parmar	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Dungarpur	Mahipal Singh II	6 June 1989	Sisodia	Maharawal	Hereditary	1949
Faridkot	Bharat Indar Singh	16 October 1989	Jaisal	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Farrukhabad	Salman Khurshid Khan	23 May 2000	Bangash	Nawab	Hereditary	1802
Gangpur	Samarendra Shekhar Deo		Parmar	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Garrauli	Ravindra Singh	17 September 1964	Bundela	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Gondal	Jyotendra Sinhji	22 August 1969	Jadeja	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Guler	Brijesh Chand	1959	Katoch	Raja	Hereditary	1815
Gwalior	Jyotiraditya	30 September 2001	Scindia	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Hindol	Shailendra Narayan Singh	12 July 1991		Raja	Hereditary	1948
Hyderabad	Mukarram Jah, Asaf Jah VIII	24 February 1967	Asaf Jahi	Nizam	Hereditary	1948
Idar	Rajendra Singhji	17 May 1992	Rathore	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Indore	Ushadevi	5 December 1961	Holkar	Maharani	Hereditary	1948
Jaipur	Bhawani Singh	24 June 1970	Rajawat	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Jaisalmer	Brijraj Singh	28 February 1982	Yadava	Maharawal	Hereditary	1949
Jambugodha	Vikram Singh	3 December 2003	Malwa	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Jamkhandi	Pranay Rao Parshuram Rao	18 December 1953	Pathwardhan	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Jamnia	Shaliwahan Vats	19 August 2005	Songara	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Janjira	Shah Mahmood Khan	1 April 1972	Siddi	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Jaora	Muhammed Ihtesham Ali Khan	1999	Yusufzai	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Jasdan	Satyajitkumar Shivraj Khachar	1989	Kathi	Darbar	Hereditary	1948
Jashpur	Ranvijay Pratap Singh	4 October 1982	Chauhan	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Jaso	Anand Pratap Singh	1 January 1950	Bundela	Dewan	Hereditary	1950
Jath	Anilraje	10 July 1998	Daphle	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Jawhar	Digvijay Sinh Rao	22 October 1992	Mukne	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Jhabua	Narendra Singh	8 November 2002	Rathore	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Jhalawar	Chandrajit Singhji	24 April 2004	Jhala	Maharaj Rana	Hereditary	1949
Jind	Satbir Singh	7 September 1959	Phulkian	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Jobat	Upendra Singh	7 June 1984	Rathore	Rana	Hereditary	1948
Jodhpur	Gaj Singhji II	26 January 1952	Rathore	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Jubbal	Yogender Chand	30 December 1966	Rathore	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Junagadh	Muhammed Jahangir Khanji	30 August 1989	Babi	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Kalahandi	Udit Pratap Deo	8 October 2001	Rajput	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Kalsia	Himmat Sher Singh	19 January 1961		Raja	Hereditary	1948
Kamadhia	Mir Jaffar Imam II	5 February 1998	Sehswani	Darbar	Hereditary	1948
Kangra	Aditya Dev	1988	Katoch	Raja	Hereditary	1846
Kanker	Aditya Pratap Deo	2001		Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Kapurthala	Sukhjit Singh	19 July 1955	Ahluwalia	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Karauli	Krishan Chandra Pal	1984	Jadon	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Kashi	Anant Singh	25 December 2000	Narayan	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Kathiwara	Digvijay Sinh	12 January 2010	Jadon	Rana	Hereditary	1948
Kawardha	Yogeshwar Singh	14 May 2007	Gondi	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Keonjhar	Anant Narayan		Bhanja	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Keonthal	Veer Vikram	13 December 2002	Sen	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Khairagarh	Ravindra Bahadur Singh		Surajbansi	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Khandpara	Bibhuti Bhushan Singh		Vaghela	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Kharsawan	Pradeep Chandra Singh		Rathore	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Khilchipur	Priyavrat Singh	31 July 2006	Rajput	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Khordha	Dibyasingha Deb IV	1970	Rajput	Raja	Hereditary	1804
Khudadad	Asif Ali	18 February 1983	Tipu Sultan	Shahzada	Hereditary	1799
Kishangarh	Brajraj Singh	16 February 1971	Rathore	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Kolhapur	Shahu II	9 May 1983	Bhonsle	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Koriya	Raghvendra Singh Dev	1985	Chauhan	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Kotah	Brijraj Singh	20 July 1991	Hada	Maharao	Hereditary	1949
Kotkhai	Tribhuwan Singh	3 August 2006		Rana	Hereditary	1948
Kumharsain	Surendra Singh	1996		Rana	Hereditary	1948
Kunihar	Sanjay Singh	1997	Raghubansi	Rana	Hereditary	1948
Kurwai	Zafar Ali Khan	8 December 1984	Feroz	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Kushalgarh	Manvendra Singh	16 February 1971	Rathore	Rao	Hereditary	1949
Kutch	Pragmalji III	21 June 1991	Jadeja	Maharao	Hereditary	1948
Kuthar	Arun Chand	September 1986	Sen	Rana	Hereditary	1948
Kutlehar	Mahendra	29 April 1937	Pal	Raja	Hereditary	1825
Ladakh	Jigmed Wangchuk	September 1992	Namgyal	Chogyal	Hereditary	1842
Lakhtar	Balbhadra Sinhji		Jhala	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Lathi	Kirti Kumara Sinhji		Gohil	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Limdi	Chhatrasalji Digvijaysinhji	15 February 1948	Jhala	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Loharu	Ala-uddin Ahmad Khan II	12 June 1983	Yusufi	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Lunavada	Bhupendra Sinhji	1986	Solanki	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Mahilog	Narendra Chand	16 December 1934	Surajvanshi	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Maihar	Aksayraj Singh		Kachwaha	Maharaja	Hereditary	1950
Makrai	Ajay Shah	1987	Gondi	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Malerkotla	Kazim Ali Khan	9 September 1994	Sherwani	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Manavadar	Muhammad Fateh ud-din Khanji	13 February 2003	Babi	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Mandi	Ashokpal	16 June 1986	Chandravanshi	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Mandva	Rajendra Sinhji	September 1981	Chauhan	Maharana	Hereditary	1948
Mangal	Surender Singh	8 February 1973		Rana	Hereditary	1948
Manipur	Sanajaoba Leisemba			Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Mayurbhanj	Praveen Chandra	15 September 2000	Bhanja	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Mewar	Mahendra Singh	3 November 1984	Sisodia	Maharana	Hereditary	1949
Muli	Jitendra Sinhji		Sodha	Thakore	Hereditary	1948
Mysore	Narsimharaja	23 September 1974	Wodeyar	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Nabha	Hanuwant Singh	22 July 1995	Phulkian	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Nagod	Shivendra Singh	3 August 2005	Parihar	Raja	Hereditary	1950
Nalagarh	Vijayendra Singh	5 May 1971	Chandela	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Nandgaon	Sarveshwar Das	1 January 1948		Mahant	Hereditary	1948
Narsinghgarh	Bhanuprakash Singhji	17 July 1957	Parmar	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Narsinghpur	Debashish Singh Deo	17 July 2007		Raja	Hereditary	1948
Nasvadi	Ghanshyam Singh		Solanki	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Nawanagar	Shatrusalya Sinhji	3 February 1966	Jadeja	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Nayagarh	Brajendra Kishore Singh	24 June 1983	Vaghela	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Nilgiri	Jayant Chandra Mardraj Harichandan	30 May 2001	Bhanja	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Orchha	Madhukar Shah		Bundela	Maharaja	Hereditary	1950
Pal Lahara	Muni Pal			Raja	Hereditary	1948
Palanpur	Iqbal Muhammed Khan	20 May 1957	Lohani	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Palitana	Shivendra Sinhji		Gohil	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Panna	Manvendra Singh		Bundela	Maharaja	Hereditary	1950
Pataudi	Mansur Ali Khan	5 January 1952	Barench	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Patdi	Karni Sinhji Kishan Sinhji	27 April 2002	Desai	Desai	Hereditary	1948
Patiala	Amarinder Singh	17 June 1974	Phulkian	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
File:FLAG patna.jpeg Patna	Kanak Vardhan Singh Deo	April 2004	Chauhan	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Phaltan	Ramraje Pratapsinh	7 October 2004	Nimbalkar	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Piploda	Raghuraj Singh	15th June 1948	Dodia	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Poonch	Raman Dev Singh		Dogra	Raja	Hereditary	1936
Pratapgarh	Ambika Pratap Singh	7 April 1949	Sisodia	Raja	Hereditary	1949
Pudukkottai	Rajagopala II	16 January 1997	Thondaiman	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Raigarh	Vikram Bahadur Singh	October 2000		Raja	Hereditary	1948
Rairakhol	Hari Shanker Chandra Jadumoni Deo Jenamani	7 April 1975	Rathore	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Rajgarh	Bikramaditya Singh	15th June 1948	Panwar	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Rajkot	Manohar Sinhji Pradyuman Sinhji	9 November 1973	Jadeja	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Rajpipla	Raghubir Sinhji	2 February 1963	Gohil	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Ramnad	Rajeswari Nachiyar	1979	Sethupathi	Rani	Hereditary	1803
Rampur	Muhammad Kazim	5 April 1992	Rohilla	Nawab	Hereditary	1949
Ranasan	Jayadevsinhji	14 August 1964	Parmar	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Ranpur	Dileep Chandra Singh	1982		Raja	Hereditary	1948
Ratlam	Ranbir Singh	24 June 1991	Ratansinghot	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Rewah	Pushpraj Singh	20 November 1995	Baghela	Maharaja	Hereditary	1950
Sachin	Muhammad Reza Khan	13 August 2006	Siddi	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Sailana	Vikram Singhji	1990	Rathore	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Sakti	Surendra Bahadur Singh			Rana	Hereditary	1948
Samthar	Ranjit Singh II		Bargujar	Raja	Hereditary	1950
Sandur	Murarirao Yeshwantrao	11 October 1996	Ghorpade	Raja	Hereditary	1949
Sangli	Vijaysinghrao Madhavrao	23 February 1965	Patwardhan	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Sant	Paranjayaditya Sinhji	24 October 1991	Parmar	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Sarangarh	Shishir Bindu Singh	11 September 1987	Gondi	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Sarila	Narendra Singh	January 1983	Bundela	Raja	Hereditary	1950
Sathamba	Indravijay Sinhji		Solanki	Thakore	Hereditary	1948
Savanur	Abdul Majid Khan III	5 February 1993	Miyana	Nawab	Hereditary	1948
Sawantvadi	Khem Savant VI	13 July 1995	Bhonsle	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Sayla	Prithviraj Sinhji	1970	Jhala	Thakore	Hereditary	1948
Seraikella	Bikram Pratap Singh Deo	2 July 1993	Rathore	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Shahpura	Indrajit Singh	1992	Sisodia	Raja	Hereditary	1949
Sikkim	Wangchuk Tenzing	29 January 1982	Namgyal	Chogyal	Hereditary	1975
Sirmur	Udai Prakash	23 September 1965	Plassia	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Sirohi	Raghubir Singhji	7 April 1998	Deora	Maharao	Hereditary	1949
Sitamau	Puranjay Sinh	May 2008	Rathore	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Sonepur	Prithvi Bir Singh Deo	24 November 1973	Chauhan	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Suket	Hari	18 October 1985	Sen	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Surgana	Nitranjan Dhairyashilrao	23 November 2003	Panwar	Deshmukh	Hereditary	1948
Surguja	Tribhuvaneshwar Saran Singh	2001	Raksel	Maharaja	Hereditary	1948
Talcher	Rajendra Chandra Deb		Kachwaha	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Tanjore	Babaji Rao		Bhonsle	Raja	Hereditary	1855
Tehri Garhwal	Manujendra	7 January 2007	Shah	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Tharad	Jorawar Sinhji		Vaghela	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Tharoch	Baljit Singh	15 April 1948	Sisodia	Rana	Hereditary	1948
Tigiria	Brajraj Kshatriya Birbar Chamupati Singh	1 January 1948		Raja	Hereditary	1948
Tonk	Aftab Ali Khan	4 September 1994	Salarzai	Nawab	Hereditary	1949
Tori Fatehpur	Pushpendra Singh	20 March 1996	Bundela	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Travancore	Martanda Varma III	19 July 1991	Travancore	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
File:Bandera Tripura1.png Tripura	Pradyot Deb Barman	27 November 2006	Manikya	Maharaja	Hereditary	1949
Udaipur	Vijay Singh		Raksel	Raja	Hereditary	1948
Vijaynagar	Harshwardhan Singhji	20 June 2000	Rathore	Maharao	Hereditary	1948
Wadhwan	Chaitanyadevsinhji	1985	Jhala	Thakur	Hereditary	1948
Wankaner	Digvijay Sinhji	22 May 2007	Jhala	Maharana	Hereditary	1948
Zainabad	Shabbir Khan		Multani	Malek	Hereditary	1948

African monarchs

Country	Monarch	Date	Type	Royal Standard
Lesotho	King Letsie III	12 November 1990	Constitutional
Morocco	King Mohammed VI	23 July 1999	Constitutional	N/A
Swaziland	King Mswati III	25 April 1986	Absolute	File:Royal Flag of Swaziland.png

Europe

Sovereign monarchies

State	Monarch	Since	House	Type	Succession	Standard	Refs
Andorra	Co-Princes Nicolas Sarkozy and Joan Enric Vives Sicília	16 May 2007 12 May 2003	N/A	Constitutional	Ex officio	N/A
Belgium	King Albert II	9 August 1993	Saxe-Coburg and Gotha	Constitutional	Hereditary
Denmark	Queen Margrethe II	14 January 1972	Glücksburg	Constitutional	Hereditary
Liechtenstein	Prince Hans-Adam II	13 November 1989	Liechtenstein	Constitutional	Hereditary
Luxembourg	Grand Duke Henri	7 October 2000	Nassau-Weilburg	Constitutional	Hereditary
Monaco	Prince Albert II	6 April 2005	Grimaldi	Constitutional	Hereditary
Netherlands	Queen Beatrix	30 April 1980	Orange-Nassau	Constitutional	Hereditary
Norway	King Harald V	17 January 1991	Glücksburg	Constitutional	Hereditary
Spain	King Juan Carlos I	22 November 1975	Bourbon	Constitutional	Hereditary
Sweden	King Carl XVI Gustaf	15 September 1973	Bernadotte	Constitutional	Hereditary
United Kingdom	Queen Elizabeth II	6 February 1952	Windsor	Constitutional	Hereditary
Vatican City	Pope Benedict XVI	19 April 2005	N/A	Absolute	Elective

Abolished monarchies

State	Pretender	Since	House	Claim	Succession	Abolition	Refs
Albania	Leka I	9 April 1961	Zogu	Heir apparent of King Zog I (1928–1939).	Hereditary	1944
Bulgaria	Simeon II	15 September 1946	Saxe-Coburg and Gotha	Tsar from 1943 to 1946.	Hereditary	1946
Courland	Ernst-Johann	28 February 1982	Biron	Direct descendant of Duke Ernst Johann von Biron (1737–1740 and 1763–1769).	Hereditary	1795
France (Legitimist)	Louis XX	30 January 1989	Bourbon	Direct descendant of King Louis XIV (1643–1715).	Hereditary	1830
France (Orléanist and Unionist)	Henry VII	19 June 1999	Orléans	Descendant of Louis-Philippe, King of the French (1830–1848), and of Charles X, King of France (1824–1830).	Hereditary	1848
France (Bonapartist)	Charles Napoléon	3 May 1997	Bonaparte	Seniormost descendant of Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (1852–1870).	Hereditary	1870
	Jean Christophe			Descendant of Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (1852–1870).
Greece	Constantine II	1 June 1973	Glücksburg	King from 1964 to 1973.	Hereditary	1973
Montenegro	Nikola II	24 March 1986	Petrović-Njegoš	Direct descendant of King Nikola I (1910–1918).	Hereditary	1918
Portugal	Duarte Pio	24 December 1976	Braganza	Direct descendant of King Miguel I (1828–1834).	Hereditary	1910
Romania	Michael I	30 December 1947	Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen	King from 1927 to 1930 and from 1940 to 1947.	Hereditary	1947
Russia	Maria Vladimirovna	21 April 1992	Romanov	Direct descendant of Emperor Alexander II (1855–1881).	Hereditary	1917
	Nicholas Romanov			Direct descendant of Emperor Nicholas I (1825–1855).
Serbia	Alexander II	3 November 1970	Karađorđević	Descendant of King Peter I (1903–1918), of the Karađorđević line of kings.	Hereditary	1918
	Nikola	24 March 1986	Petrović-Njegoš	Descendant of Prince Mirko, the designated heir of King Alexander I (1889–1903), of the Obrenović line of kings.
Yugoslavia	Alexander II	3 November 1970	Karađorđević	Heir apparent of King Peter II (1934–1945).	Hereditary	1945

Oceanian monarchs

Country	Monarch	Date	Type	Royal Standard
Tonga	King George Tupou V	11 September 2006	Constitutional

Intercontinental monarch

Country	Monarch		Date	Type	Royal Standard
Antigua and Barbuda	Queen	Elizabeth II	1 November 1981	All Constitutional	N/A
Australia	Queen		6 February 1952
Bahamas	Queen		10 July 1973		N/A
Barbados	Queen		30 November 1966
Belize	Queen		21 September 1981		N/A
Canada	Queen		6 February 1952
Grenada	Queen		7 February 1974		N/A
Jamaica	Queen		6 August 1962
New Zealand	Queen		6 February 1952		File:Royal Standard of New Zealand.svg
Papua New Guinea	Queen		16 September 1975		N/A
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Queen		19 September 1983		N/A
Saint Lucia	Queen		22 February 1979		N/A
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Queen		27 October 1979		N/A
Solomon Islands	Queen		7 July 1978		N/A
Tuvalu	Queen		1 October 1978		N/A

Subnational monarchs

Country	Sub-national entity	Monarch	Date	Type	Royal Standard
Benin	Fon	King Agoli Agbo Dedjalagni	30 September 1989	Traditional	N/A
Congo-Kinshasa	Kuba	Nyim Kot a-Mbweeky a-Shyaang	September 1969	Traditional	N/A
	Lunda	Mwata Yamvo Mushid III	28 January 2005	Traditional	N/A
(France) Wallis and Futuna	Alo	Tuʻi Petelo Vikena	6 November 2008	Constitutional	N/A
	Sigave	Tuʻi Visesio Moeliku	10 March 2004	Constitutional	N/A
	Uvea	Lavelua Kapiliele Faupala	25 July 2008	Constitutional	N/A
Ghana	Ashanti	Otumfuo Nana Osei Tutu II	23 July 1999	Traditional	N/A
	Dagomba	Yaa Naa Abdulai Yakubu Andani	21 April 2006	Traditional	N/A
Indonesia	Cirebon-Kanoman	Sultan Elang Saladin Muhammad	6 March 2003	Traditional	N/A
	Cirebon-Kasepuhan	Sultan Maulana Pakuningrat Sepuh	14 May 1989	Traditional	N/A
	Cirebon-Kacirebonan	Sultan Abdul Gani Natadiningrat III	28 October 1997	Traditional	N/A
	Deli	Sultan Mahmud Perkasa Alam Syah	21 July 2005	Traditional	N/A
	Gianyar	Raja Anak Agung Gde Agung	22 April 1999	Traditional	N/A
	Kutai	Sultan Adji Muhammad Salehuddin II	22 September 2001	Traditional	N/A
	Langkat	Sultan Azwar Jalil Rahmat Syah	21 May 2003	Traditional	N/A
	Mempawah	Sultan Mardan Kesuma Ibrahim	12 August 2002	Traditional	N/A
	Palembang	Sultan Mahmud Badruddin III	4 March 2003	Traditional	N/A
	Pontianak	Sultan Syarif Abubakar al-Kadri	15 January 2004	Traditional	N/A
	Serdang	Sultan Lukman Sinar Bashar Shah II	28 January 2001	Traditional	N/A
	Surakarta	Susuhunan Pakubuwono XIII	10 September 2004	Traditional	N/A
	Ternate	Sultan Muzaffar Shah II	29 November 1986	Traditional	N/A
	Tidore	Sultan Haji Djafar Danoyunus Syah	22 April 1999	Traditional
New Zealand	Māori	Maori King Tuheitia Paki	21 August 2006	Traditional	N/A
Nigeria	Adamawa	Lamido Alhahi Aliyu Musdafa	26 July 1953	Traditional	N/A
	Edo	Oba Erediauwa I	23 March 1979	Traditional	N/A
	Ife	Oni Okunade Sijuwade Olubuse II	7 August 1980	Traditional	N/A
	Katsina	Emir Abdulmumini Kabir Usman	5 July 2008	Traditional	N/A
	Kano	Emir Ado Bayero	October 1963	Traditional	N/A
	Lagos	Oba Rilwan Akiolu	30 August 2003	Traditional	N/A
	Oyo	Oba Lamidi Olayiwola Adeyemi III	19 November 1970	Traditional	N/A
	Sokoto	Sultan Muhammed Sa'adu Abubakar	2 November 2006	Traditional	N/A
South Africa	Zululand	King Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu	23 July 1999	Traditional	N/A
Uganda	Ankole	Omugabe Ntare IV	20 November 1993	Traditional	N/A
	Buganda	King Muwenda Mutebi II	31 July 1993	Traditional	N/A
	Busoga	Kayabazinga Nadhiope Gabula IV	October 2009	Traditional	N/A
	Bunyoro	Omukama Solomon Gafabusa Iguru I	1994	Traditional	N/A
	Toro	Omukama Rukidi IV	5 September 1994	Traditional	N/A
Zambia	Barotseland	Litunga Lubosi II	October 2000	Traditional	N/A

For self-declared monarchs from self-proclaimed states, go to the list of micronations.

See also

• List of current queens regnant
• List of longest reigning current monarchs
• List of heads of state and government by net worth
• Monarchies

Notes

Middle East

1. The Al Khalifah are a clan of the Utbah tribe.
2. The Hashemites are a clan of the Quraysh tribe.
3. The reigning king selects who will be his successor, whom is not necessarily his eldest son.
4. The current emir is of the Al-Jaber branch of the family. The Al Sabah are a clan of the Anizah tribe.
5. The heir is appointed by the reigning emir, and the nomination must also be approved by a majority of members in the National Assembly. The throne is also traditionally alternated between the two main branches of the Al Sabah family: the Al Salem and Al Jaber.
6. ^ Monarchy is constitutional by law, but remains absolute in practice.
7. The Al Thani are a clan of the Tamim tribe.
8. The Al Saud are a clan descended from the Hanifa tribe.
9. The succession to the throne of Saudi Arabia, while hereditary, is not determined by any law of succession. Instead, it is based on the consensus of the House of Saud as to who will be Crown Prince; consensus may change depending on the Crown Prince's actions. In effect, this makes the Saudi monarchy elective within the Saud family. The king's eldest son has not inherited the throne since 1953.
10. ^ The Al Nahyan are a branch of the House of Al Falahi, a clan of the Yas tribe.
11. The Prime Minister is the head of the government, but the position, whilst elective, can only be held by one of the reigning monarchs of the seven constituent emirates.
12. According to the Constitution, the President of the United Arab Emirates is elected by the Federal Supreme Council from among the individual rulers of the seven emirates. However, by informal agreement the Presidency is always passed to the head of the Al Nahyan clan, the Emir of Abu Dhabi, which makes it a de facto hereditary position. In addition, the elected Prime Minister has always been the head of the Al Maktoum clan and Emir of Dubai.
13. The emirates, whilst absolute at the regional level, also forfeit a portion of their sovereignty and administrative power to the federal government.
14. The Al Nuaim are a clan of the Al Shamsi tribe.
15. The Al Maktoum are a branch of the House of Al Falasi, a clan of the Yas tribe.
16. The Al Sharqi are a branch of the Sharqiyyin tribe.
17. ^ The Al Qasimi are a branch of the Al Qawasim tribe.

Asia

1. The king is selected for life by the Royal Council of the Throne from amongst candidates of royal blood.
2. Official title: Yang di-Pertuan Agong. It is commonly rendered in English as "King".
3. The current Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the Sultan of Terengganu, whose ruling line is the House of Bendahara.
4. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Supreme Head of State) is elected to a five-year term. Nine hereditary rulers from the Malay States form the Council of Rulers, who will determine the next Agong through a secret ballot. The position has to date been, by informal agreement, systematically rotated between the nine; the order was originally based on seniority.
5. The current king is also styled Rama IX.
6. The Hamengkubuwanas are a branch of the Kartasura lineage.
7. While state law requires that all provincial governors be elected, in the case of Yogyakarta, the sultan is given priority during elections, and therefore is always the default governor. As in other provinces, considerable sovereignty is also ceded to the central government.
8. Negeri Sembilan is a confederation currently consisting of six states. Seri Menanti is the name of the state from which the ruling line of Negeri Sembilan derives. The ruling lineage is a Minangkabau dynasty.
9. The Yang di-Pertuan Besar is selected for life by the Undang Laut (the four ruling chiefs of the confederated states of Negeri Sembilan) from amongst four royal princes. These princes are selected by the reigning Yang di-Pertuan Besar from amongst the senior members of the ruling line of Seri Menanti. The undangs themselves cannot stand for election to Yang di-Pertuan Besar.
10. The current ruling family of Selangor is a Bugis dynasty.
11. The Bohmong Raja is recognised by the government of Bangladesh as the leader of the Marma population, and the traditional king of the Bohmong Circle (Arvumi), one of three tribal circles in the Chittagong Hill Tracts.
12. The Chakma Raja is recognised by the government of Bangladesh as the leader of the Chakma population, and the traditional king of the Chakma Circle (Ramytte), one of three tribal circles in the Chittagong Hill Tracts.
13. The Mong Raja is recognised by the government of Bangladesh as the traditional king of the Mong Circle (Phalang Htaung), one of three tribal circles in the Chittagong Hill Tracts.
14. ^ One of the four senior states within the traditional confederacy of Negeri Sembilan. Cite error: The named reference "Sembilan" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
15. The undang (ruling chief) is elected for life by the nobles and vassals of the state from amongst the three highest noble families: the Waris Ulu Jelebu, Waris Sarin, and Waris Kemin.
16. The undang (ruling chief) is elected for life by the nobles and vassals of the state from amongst the male descendants of the first ruler, following the matrilineal line.
17. The undang (ruling chief) is elected for life by the nobles and vassals of the state from amongst the direct descendants of two noble families: the Waris Jakun and Waris Jawa. The position is, by informal agreement, alternated between the heads of the two houses.
18. The undang (ruling chief) is elected for life by the nobles and vassals of the state from amongst the direct descendants of two noble families: the Waris Hulu and Waris Hilir.
19. Tampin is a traditional principality within the Negeri Sembilan confederacy.
20. The Yang di-Pertuan Muda (prince) succeeds according to the laws of male primogeniture, but must also receive confirmation from the reigning Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan.

India

1. ^ A clan of the Rajputs. Cite error: The named reference "Rajput" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
2. Her succession to the title was not recognised by the Indian government.
3. ^ A clan of the Marathas.
4. Previously reigned as raja from 22 June 1918 until the state's incorporation into India in 1950.
5. Name is variously written as Awadh, Oudh, Oundh, or Oude.
6. ^ One of the Simla Hill States.
7. Previously reigned as raja from 21 December 1945 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
8. ^ A branch of the Parmar clan.
9. Previously reigned as nawab from 2 February 1945 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
10. ^ A clan of the Yusufzai tribe of Pashtuns.
11. Previously reigned as raja from April 1947 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
12. Previously reigned as raja from 8 September 1940 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
13. The Kutleharia family is a branch of the Pal clan of the Jats.
14. ^ A clan of the Jats.
15. ^ The Gohil lineage is a branch of the Sisodia clan of the Rajputs.
16. ^ A lineage of the Wala clan of the Rajputs.
17. Mansur Ali Khan was also the last recognised Nawab of Pataudi (see separate entry).
18. A branch of the Orakzai tribe of Pashtuns.
19. ^ One of the Chota Nagpur States.
20. Previously reigned as raja until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
21. The royal family of Bundi are members of both the Chauhan and Hada clans of the Rajputs.
22. ^ A Pashtun dynasty.
23. ^ The royal family are members of both the Khichi and Chauhan clans of the Rajputs.
24. State was divided in 1841 between two branches of the Panwar dynasty, both using the title "Maharaja of Dewas". The last head of the junior branch died in 1965, and the position has remained vacant since then. The titular claimant in this entry is from the senior branch.
25. ^ A line of the Rajputs.
26. Also known as Ramnagar.
27. Full name of the state: "Dhrangadhra-Halvad", after its two main cities: Dhrangadhra and Halvad.
28. Previously reigned as maharaja from 4 February 1942 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
29. Previously reigned as thakur saheb from 20 October 1939 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
30. The Rajawat are a branch of the Kachwaha clan of Rajputs.
31. The Yadava family is a branch of the Bahti clan of Rajputs.
32. Formerly known as Narukot for much of its history.
33. Jamnia was one of the Bhumiate estates that were de jure under the authority of Dhar, but de facto independent.
34. ^ A branch of the Chauhan clan of Rajputs.
35. The factual accuracy of the source on this particular claim is questionable.
36. Previously reigned as dewan until the state's incorporation into India in 1950.
37. It included the estates of Daphlapur (or Dalfepur), from which the ruling family took its name.
38. ^ Members of the Phulkian dynasty belong to the Sidhu clan of Jats.
39. Also commonly known as Benares, or Varanasi after its capital.
40. Known variously as Khordha, Khurda, or Utkala in antiquity, was annexed to British India in 1804. The zamindari (noble estates) of Puri were created in 1808 and granted to the former ruling family. These estates were dissolved, and all its lands acquired, in 1956 by the Indian government.
41. ^ The kingdom of Mysore was historically ruled by the Hindu Wodeyar dynasty. In 1782, however, immediately prior to the arrival of the British, the Maharaja was overthrown by the Muslim dictator, Tipu Sultan, who renamed the state Khudadad and expanded his empire across the south. His reign lasted until 1799, when he was conquered by the British and the crown was restored to the Wodeyars under British supremacy.
42. The current royal family of Kolhapur are also members of the Panwar clan.
43. Was recognised as jagirdar of the small feudatory estate of Kutlehar, until it was dissolved under the Indian government in 1957.
44. The state was officially known as Udaipur, however, this was also the name of another princely state situated in modern Chhattisgarh.
45. Was formerly known as Unchehara for much of its history.
46. The Parihar family are members of the Agnikula clan of Rajputs.
47. Also known as Hindur.
48. Previously reigned as mahant from 24 June 1913 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
49. Mansur Ali Khan is also the present titular Nawab of Bhopal (see separate entry).
50. The Desai are a clan of the Kadwa branch of the Patidars. It is also known as the Patel dynasty.
51. Previously reigned as raja from 1936 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
52. Previously reigned briefly as raja between 9 January and 7 April 1949, when the state was incorporated into India.
53. Previously reigned as raja from his birth, 18 December 1936, until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
54. A branch of the Pandiya dyansty of Tamils.
55. A branch of the Rathore clan of Rajputs.
56. A branch of the Bhonsle clan of Marathas.
57. Also known as Nahan after its capital.
58. The last titular Maharaja of Sirmur died in 1964 leaving no apparent heir. The current claimant to the throne was adopted into the family by the late maharaja’s widow. However, neither the adoption nor the claim to inheritance were recognised by the Indian government, as it failed to meet the necessary requirements dictated by family and religious customs. Because the adoption has not been legally recognised, his right to make a claim is therefore disputed.
59. Annexed to British India under doctrine of lapse in 1855, the current line of succession is not recognised by the Indian government (since 1885; Buyers, C.).
60. Also known as Thanjavur.
61. A branch of the Panwar clan.
62. Also known as Mervada or Morwana.
63. Previously reigned as rana between 1944 and 1948, when the state was incorporated into India.
64. Previously reigned as rana between 1943 and 1948, when the state was incorporated into India.
65. A clan of the Tarkani tribe of Pashtuns.
66. The royal family of Travancore is a line of the Kulasekhara clan of the Cheras.
67. The state was founded in 1818 by an offshoot of the Surguja ruling line.
68. Also known as Pal, or Pol.
69. A branch of the Malek dynasty.

Europe

1. ^ A branch of the House of Wettin.
2. ^ Officially the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, which is a branch of the House of Oldenburg.
3. The royal house of Luxembourg is descended from the House of Nassau and the Parma branch of the House of Bourbon.
4. The royal house of the Netherlands is descended from the Houses of Nassau and Lippe.
5. As Queen of the United Kingdom. The monarch of the United Kingdom also acts as Supreme Governor of the Church of England, who is the official leader of the Anglican Church in the Christian religion. In addition to her role as Queen of the United Kingdom, Elizabeth II is also currently queen regnant of sixteen separate Commonwealth realms, and has previously reigned as queen of sixteen other countries, now republics (see separate entries).
6. The House of Windsor is a line of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which itself is a branch of the House of Wettin. "Windsor" is the official name adopted by the royal family of the United Kingdom since 1917.
7. As Sovereign of the Vatican City. The Pope's primary office is that of Bishop of Rome and, as such, spiritual leader of the Roman Catholic Church in the Christian religion.
8. Leka, only son of King Zog I, was Crown Prince of Albania from his birth on 5 April 1939 until the monarchy's end in 1944.
9. Simeon II reigned as Tsar of Bulgaria from 28 August 1943 until the monarchy was deposed in the Communist revolution of 1946. After returning to the country from exile in 1996, he later served as elected Prime Minister of Bulgaria between 24 July 2001 and 17 August 2005.
10. Louis is currently recognised as a member of the French nobility. He holds the titles Duke of Anjou and Duke of Bourbon???
11. The House of Bourbon is a branch of the House of Capet.
12. The House of Orléans is a branch of the House of Bourbon.
13. Charles Napoléon is the current head of the House of Bonaparte. His son, Jean Christophe, was posthumously appointed heir in the will of his grandfather, Louis Napoléon.
14. Constantine II reigned as King of the Hellenes from 6 March 1964 until the monarchy's abolition in 1973.
15. Duarte Pio is currently recognised as a member of the Portuguese nobility. His primary title is Duke of Braganza???
16. A branch of the House of Aviz.
17. Michael I reigned as King of the Romanians between 20 July 1927 and 8 June 1930, and again from 6 September 1940 until the monarchy's abolition during the Communist revolution of 1947. A rival claim to the throne is maintained by the descendants of Carol Lambrino, Michael's elder half brother from his father's first marriage. Carol Lambrino's eldest son, Paul-Philippe, has maintained his claim to the throne since his father's death on 27 January 2006.
18. A line of the House of Hohenzollern.
19. The House of Romanov is a line of the House of Holstein-Gottorp, which itself is a branch of the House of Oldenburg.
20. ^ Full title: Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias, used since 1721, although commonly designated Tsar. The Emperors of Russia were also Grand Dukes of Finland from 1809 until 1917, and Kings of Poland from 1815 until 1916.
21. The House of Obrenović, who were overthrown as the Royal Family of Serbia in 1903, hold that the rightful heir to the title King of Serbia is the descendant of Prince Mirko of Montenegro, who was the designated successor of Alexander I, the last of the Obrenović line of kings in Serbia.
22. After the breakup of Yugoslavia the present-day states are Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia (and Kosovo) and Slovenia.
23. Alexander, only child of King Peter II, was Crown Prince of Yugoslavia from his birth on 17 July 1945 until the monarchy's end in 1943.