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!bgcolor="#708090" width="15%" | <font color=f9f9f9>]</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="18%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Pretender</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="13%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Since</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="13%" | <font color=f9f9f9>]</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="21%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Claim</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="10%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Succession</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="5%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Abolition</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="5%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Refs</font> !bgcolor="#708090" width="15%" | <font color=f9f9f9>]</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="18%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Pretender</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="13%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Since</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="13%" | <font color=f9f9f9>]</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="21%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Claim</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="10%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Succession</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="5%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Abolition</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="5%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Refs</font>
|- |-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || ] || 24 September 2009 || ] || Direct descendant of ] ] (1839–1861). {{#tag:ref|The sultans of the Ottoman Empire also held the title '']'', thus claiming to be the spiritual leader of all ]. The ] was abolished by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in 1924.|group=me|name=Caliphate}} || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" | | bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon|Iraq|1924}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || ] {{#tag:ref|Another claimant to the throne (since 1956) is ], of the same family, but his claim is not regarded to fulfil the requirements of the former monarchy's laws of succession. Furthermore, his reigning Hāshemite relatives in Jordan have supported Ra'ad's claim, rather than Sharif Ali's.|group=me|name=Sharifali}} || 18 October 1970 || ] {{#tag:ref||group=me|name=Hashim}} || Relative of ] ] (1939–1958). {{#tag:ref|Ra'ad's father, ], was appointed Head of the Royal House of Iraq following the assassination of King Faisal II during the coup d'état in 1958. Zeid was the son of ], ].|group=me|name=Zeid}} || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || ] || 24 September 2009 || ] || Direct descendant of ] ] (1839–1861). {{#tag:ref|The sultans of the Ottoman Empire also held the title '']'', thus claiming to be the spiritual leaders of all ]. The ] was abolished by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in 1924.|group=me|name=Caliphate}} || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon|Yemen|1927}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' {{#tag:ref|Retrospectively known as ]. It later united with ] in 1990 to form the modern state of Yemen.|group=me|name=Yemen}} || ] || 6 August 1996 || ] {{#tag:ref||group=me|name=Qasimi}} || Eldest son of ] ], the last ruling king. {{#tag:ref|Many of the kings of the Qasimid dynasty also held the title '']'', and were the spiritual leaders of the ] branch of ] ]. The ] ended with the republican revolution in 1962.|group=me|name=Imamate}} || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" | <ref>{{cite web
| title = The Al-Qasimi Dynasty
| work = The Royal Ark
| publisher = Buyers, Christoper
| url = http://www.royalark.net/Yemen/yemen5.htm
| accessdate = 2010-04-20}}</ref>
|}

====South Yemen====
{| class="wikitable"; border="1" width = "100%" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 0; background: #D3D3D3; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"
|-
!bgcolor="#708090" width="15%" | <font color=f9f9f9>]</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="18%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Pretender</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="13%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Since</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="13%" | <font color=f9f9f9>]</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="21%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Claim</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="10%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Succession</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="5%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Abolition</font> !!bgcolor="#708090" width="5%" | <font color=f9f9f9>Refs</font>
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon|}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Salih ibn al-Husayn || 17 September 1967 {{#tag:ref||group=me|name=Nodate}} || Al Ausaji || Last reigning ] (until 1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Flag of Lower Aulaqi.svg}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Nasir ibn Aidrus || 29 November 1967 {{#tag:ref|Nasir previously reigned as sultan from 1947 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967.|group=me|name=Nasir}} || Al Awlaqi || Last reigning ] (1947–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon|}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Awad ibn Salih || 29 November 1967 {{#tag:ref|Awad previously reigned as sultan from 1935 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967.|group=me|name=Awad}} || Al Awlaqi || Last reigning ] (1935–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Flag of Beihan.svg}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Salih ibn al-Husayn || 17 August 1967 {{#tag:ref|Salih previously reigned as emir from his birth, in 1935, until the monarchy was deposed in 1967.|group=me|name=Salih}} || Al Habieli {{#tag:ref||group=me|name=Quraysh}} || Last reigning ] (1935–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Flag of Dhala.svg}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Shafaul ibn Ali Shaif || 17 August 1967 {{#tag:ref|Salih previously reigned as emir from 1954 until the monarchy was deposed in 1967.|group=me|name=Salih}} || Al Amiri || Last reigning ] (1954–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Flag of the Sultanate of Fadhli.svg}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Nasser bin Abdullah || 29 November 1967 {{#tag:ref|Nasser previously reigned as sultan from 1964 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967.|group=me|name=Nasser}} || Al Fadhli || Last reigning ] (1964–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon|}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Faisal bin Surur || 29 November 1967 {{#tag:ref|Faisal previously reigned as sultan from 1955 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967.|group=me|name=Faisal}} || Al Haushabi || Last reigning ] (1955–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Kathiri flag.gif}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' {{#tag:ref|Also known as "Seiyun" or "Say'un".|group=me|name=Kathiri}} || Husayn ibn Ali || 2 October 1967 {{#tag:ref|Husayn previously reigned as sultan from 24 April 1949 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967.|group=me|name=Husaynali}} || Al Kathir || Last reigning ] (1949–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Flag of the Sultanate of Lahej.svg}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Fadl VI ibn Ali || 17 August 1967 {{#tag:ref|Fadl VI previously reigned as sultan from 8 December 1958 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967. Immediately prior to his formal ascension to the throne, he had served as acting sultan since 10 July 1958.|group=me|name=Fadl}} || Al Abdali || Last reigning ] (1958–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Mahraflag.jpg}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' {{#tag:ref|Also known as "Qishn and Socotra", after its ] and the island of ].|group=me|name=Mahra}} || Abdullah ibn Ashur || 16 October 1967 {{#tag:ref|Abdullah previously reigned as sultan from 1966 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967.|group=me|name=Husaynali}} || Al Mahri {{#tag:ref|A clan of the Afrar tribe.|group=me|name=Afrar}} || Last reigning ] (1966–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Quaitiflag.gif}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' {{#tag:ref|Also known as "Shihr and Mukalla", after its two capital cities: ] and ].|group=me|name=Quaiti}} || Ghalib II || 17 September 1967 {{#tag:ref|Ghalib II previously reigned as sultan from 10 October 1966 until the monarchy was deposed in 1967.|group=me|name=Ghalib}} || ] || Last reigning ] (1966–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" | <ref>{{cite web
| title = Shihr and Mukalla
| work = Genealogical Gleanings
| publisher = Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland
| url = http://uqconnect.net/~zzhsoszy/states/yemen/shihrmukalla.html
| accessdate = 2010-04-20}}</ref>
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Flag of Wahidi Balhaf.svg}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' {{#tag:ref|Known as "Balhaf and Azzan" from 1881, signifying Balhaf's merge with ]. Known simply as "Wahidi" from 1962, when the sultanates of Wahidi Bir Ali and Wahidi Haban were made subordinate.|group=me|name=Wahidi}} || Ali ibn Muhammad || 17 August 1967 {{#tag:ref|Prince Ali held the position of ''hakim'' (regent) from 20 February 1967 until the sultanate's abolition in August of the same year. He was never crowned sultan.|group=me|name=Ali}} || Al Wahidi || Last governing ] (during 1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon|}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Alawi ibn Salih || 29 November 1967 {{#tag:ref|Alawi previously reigned as sultan from 1955 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967. Before his reign ended, he was made subordinate to the Sultan of Balhaf and Azzan on 23 October 1962.|group=me|name=Alawi}} || Al Wahidi || Last reigning ] (1955–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Flag of Wahidi Haban.svg}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Husayn ibn Abdullah || 29 November 1967 {{#tag:ref|Husayn had previously reigned as sultan prior to the monarchy's abolition in 1967. Before his reign ended, he was made subordinate to the Sultan of Balhaf and Azzan on 23 October 1962.|group=me|name=Husaynabd}} || Al Wahidi || Last reigning ] (until 1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Flag of Lower Yafa.svg}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Mahmud ibn Aidrus || 28 August 1967 {{#tag:ref|Had previously reigned as sultan prior to the monarchy's abolition in 1967.|group=me|name=Nodate}} || Al Afifi {{#tag:ref|A clan of the ] tribe. The Yafai are divided into ten ]s that were spread across the former sultanates of Lower Yafa and Upper Yafa.|group=me|name=Yafa}} || Last reigning ] (until 1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|-
| bgcolor="#A9A9A9" | {{flagicon image|Flag of Upper Yafa.svg}} '''<font color=f9f9f9>]</font>''' || Muhammad ibn Salih || 29 November 1967 {{#tag:ref|Muhammad previously reigned as sultan from 1948 until the monarchy was deposed in 1967.|group=me|name=Aidrus}} || Harharah {{#tag:ref||group=me|name=Yafa}} || Last reigning ] (1948–1967). || ] || align="center" | ] || align="center" |
|} |}


Revision as of 02:58, 23 April 2010

For former monarchs, see Category:Lists of monarchs.

This is a list of currently reigning monarchs in their respective nations or sub-nations. Monarchs who were deposed or who ruled an abolished monarchy appear separately.

Middle East

Main article: Monarchies in Asia

Sovereign monarchies

State Monarch Since House Type Succession Standard Refs
Bahrain Bahrain King Hamad ibn Isa 6 March 1999 Al Khalifah Mixed Hereditary
Jordan Jordan King Abdullah II 7 February 1999 Hāshim Constitutional Hereditary
Kuwait Kuwait Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad 29 January 2006 Al Sabah Mixed Hereditary and Elective
Oman Oman Sultan Qaboos bin Said 23 July 1970 Al Bu Sa‘id Absolute Hereditary
Qatar Qatar Emir Hamad bin Khalifa 27 June 1995 Al Thani Absolute Hereditary
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia King Abdullah bin Abdul‘aziz 1 August 2005 Al Saud Absolute Hereditary and Elective
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates President Khalifa bin Zayed 3 November 2004 Al Nahyan Constitutional Elective and Hereditary

Constituent monarchies

State Constituent Monarch Since House Type Succession Refs
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed 3 November 2004 Al Nahyan Limited Hereditary
Ajman Sheikh Humaid V bin Rashid 6 September 1981 Al Nuaim Hereditary
Dubai Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid 4 January 2006 Al Maktoum Hereditary
Fujairah Sheikh Hamad bin Mohammed 18 September 1974 Al Sharqi Hereditary
Ras al-Khaimah Sheikh Saqr bin Mohammad 17 July 1948 Al Qasimi Hereditary
Sharjah Sheikh Sultan III bin Mohamed 24 June 1987 Al Qasimi Hereditary
Umm al-Qaiwain Sheikh Saud bin Rashid 2 January 2009 Al Mu‘alla Hereditary

Abolished monarchies

State Pretender Since House Claim Succession Abolition Refs
Iraq Iraq Ra'ad bin Zeid 18 October 1970 Hāshim Relative of King Faisal II (1939–1958). Hereditary 1958
Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire Bayezid III 24 September 2009 Osman Direct descendant of Sultan Abdülmecid I (1839–1861). Hereditary 1922
Yemen Yemen Ageel bin Muhammad 6 August 1996 Al Qasimi Eldest son of King Muhammad al-Badr, the last ruling king. Hereditary 1962

South Yemen

State Pretender Since House Claim Succession Abolition Refs
Audhali Salih ibn al-Husayn 17 September 1967 Al Ausaji Last reigning Sultan (until 1967). Hereditary 1967
Lower Aulaqi Nasir ibn Aidrus 29 November 1967 Al Awlaqi Last reigning Sultan (1947–1967). Hereditary 1967
Upper Aulaqi Awad ibn Salih 29 November 1967 Al Awlaqi Last reigning Sultan (1935–1967). Hereditary 1967
Beihan Salih ibn al-Husayn 17 August 1967 Al Habieli Last reigning Emir (1935–1967). Hereditary 1967
Dhala Shafaul ibn Ali Shaif 17 August 1967 Al Amiri Last reigning Emir (1954–1967). Hereditary 1967
Fadhli Nasser bin Abdullah 29 November 1967 Al Fadhli Last reigning Sultan (1964–1967). Hereditary 1967
Haushabi Faisal bin Surur 29 November 1967 Al Haushabi Last reigning Sultan (1955–1967). Hereditary 1967
Kathiri Husayn ibn Ali 2 October 1967 Al Kathir Last reigning Sultan (1949–1967). Hereditary 1967
Lahej Fadl VI ibn Ali 17 August 1967 Al Abdali Last reigning Sultan (1958–1967). Hereditary 1967
Mahra Abdullah ibn Ashur 16 October 1967 Al Mahri Last reigning Sultan (1966–1967). Hereditary 1967
Qu'aiti Ghalib II 17 September 1967 Al Qu'aiti Last reigning Sultan (1966–1967). Hereditary 1967
Wahidi Balhaf Ali ibn Muhammad 17 August 1967 Al Wahidi Last governing Regent (during 1967). Hereditary 1967
Wahidi Bir Ali Alawi ibn Salih 29 November 1967 Al Wahidi Last reigning Sultan (1955–1967). Hereditary 1967
Wahidi Haban Husayn ibn Abdullah 29 November 1967 Al Wahidi Last reigning Sultan (until 1967). Hereditary 1967
Lower Yafa Mahmud ibn Aidrus 28 August 1967 Al Afifi Last reigning Sultan (until 1967). Hereditary 1967
Upper Yafa Muhammad ibn Salih 29 November 1967 Harharah Last reigning Sultan (1948–1967). Hereditary 1967

Asia

Main article: Monarchies in Asia

Sovereign monarchies

State Monarch Since House Type Succession Standard Refs
Bhutan Bhutan King Jigme Khesar Namgyel 14 December 2006 Wangchuck Constitutional Hereditary
Brunei Brunei Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah 1 August 1968 Absolute Hereditary
Cambodia Cambodia King Norodom Sihamoni 24 October 2004 Constitutional Hereditary and Elective
Japan Japan Emperor Akihito 7 January 1989 Yamato Constitutional Hereditary
Malaysia Malaysia King Mizan Zainal Abidin 13 December 2006 Terengganu Constitutional Elective and Hereditary
Thailand Thailand King Bhumibol Adulyadej 9 June 1946 Chakri Constitutional Hereditary

Constituent monarchies

State Constituent Monarch Since House Type Succession Refs
Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia Yogyakarta Sultan Hamengkubuwono X 7 March 1989 Hamengkubuwono Limited Hereditary
Malaysia Malaysia Johor Sultan Ibrahim Ismail 22 January 2010 Temenggong Constitutional Hereditary
Kedah Sultan Abdul Halim 15 July 1958 Hereditary
Kelantan Sultan Ismail Petra 30 March 1980 Hereditary
Negeri Sembilan Yamtuan Besar Muhriz 29 December 2008 Seri Menanti Hereditary and Elective
Pahang Sultan Ahmad Shah 7 May 1974 Bendahara Hereditary
Perak Sultan Azlan Shah 3 February 1984 Siak Hereditary
Perlis Raja Sirajuddin 17 April 2000 Jamalullail Hereditary
Selangor Sultan Sharafuddin 21 November 2001 Selangor Hereditary
Terengganu Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin 15 May 1998 Bendahara Hereditary

Traditional monarchies

State Polity Monarch Since House Succession Refs
Bangladesh Bangladesh Bohmong Raja Aung Shwe Pru Chowdhury Hereditary
Chakma Raja Devasish 1971 Roy Hereditary
Mong Raja Saching Prue 17 January 2009 Chowdhury Hereditary
Malaysia Malaysia Jelebu Dato' Musa bin Abdul Wahab 4 February 1980 Sarin Elective and Hereditary
Johol Dato' Muhammad bin ‘Abdul Ghani 13 March 2007 Gemencheh Elective and Hereditary
Rembau Dato' Muhammad bin Sharif Othman 21 November 1998 Jakun Elective and Hereditary
Sungai Ujong Dato' Mubarak bin Dohak 29 December 1993 Hulu Elective and Hereditary
Tampin Tunku Besar Syed Razman 26 December 2005 Al Qadri Hereditary

Abolished monarchies

Others

State Pretender Since House Claim Succession Abolition Refs
Maldives Muhammad Nur ud-din 27 May 1969 Huraa Direct descendant of Sultan Hassan Nur ud-din II (1935–1943). Hereditary 1968
Qing dynasty China Hengzhen 1997 Qing Direct descendant of Emperor Dàoguāng (1820–1850). Hereditary 1912

Nepal

State Pretender Since House Claim Succession Abolition Refs
Nepal Nepal Gyanendra 28 May 2008 Shah King from 1950 to 1951, and from 2001 to 2008. Hereditary 2008
Nepal Bajhang Binod Bikram 7 October 2008 Shah Last reigning Raja of Bajhang. Hereditary
Nepal Bhirkot Prakash 7 October 2008 Shah Last reigning Raja of Bhirkot. Hereditary
Mustang Jigme Palbar 7 October 2008 Bista Last reigning Raja of Mustang. Hereditary
Nepal Salyan Gopendra Bahadur 7 October 2008 Shah Last reigning Raja of Salyan. Hereditary

India

Official recognition of royal entitlements and accompanying privy purses were abolished in the Republic of India through a constitutional amendment on 28 December 1971. Royal titles in Pakistan were abolished in January 1972. In many cases, members of the former ruling families of princely states retain a considerable degree of social prestige, and in some instances political influence, in their communities, and many leaders are often still referred to by their claimed titles.

State Pretender Since House Claim Succession Abolition Refs
Ajaigarh Ajayraj Singh 1984 Bundela Maharaja Hereditary 1950
Akkalkot Sumitraraje Sahib 1965 Bhonsle Rani Hereditary 1948
Ali Rajpur Kamlendra Singh 30 March 1996 Rathore Raja Hereditary 1948
Alipura Manvendra Singh 27 May 1990 Parihar Raja Hereditary 1950
Alwar Jitendra Singh 15 February 2009 Kachwaha Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Amb Salahuddin Khan 1973 Hindwal Nawab Hereditary 1969
Ambliara Kamal Raj Singhji 1992 Chauhan Thakore Hereditary 1948
Athgarh Radhanath Bebarta 1 January 1950 Patnaik Raja Hereditary 1950
Athmalik Pradip Chandra Deo Samant Bhanja Raja Hereditary 1948
File:Oudh-flag.gif Awadh Nayyer Quder 23 July 1997 Oudh Nawab Hereditary 1856
Baghal Rajinder Singh 15 April 1948 Baghalia Raja Hereditary 1948
Baghat Keshvinder Singh 27 April 2004 Panwar Raja Hereditary 1948
Bahawalpur Salah-ud-Din Ahmed 14 April 1988 Daudputra Nawab Amir Hereditary 1969
Balasinor Muhammed Salabat Khan II 10 June 1948 Babi Nawab Hereditary 1948
Balsan Trivikram Bhushan Singh 17 July 1979 Parmar Rana Hereditary 1948
Bamra Nitish Ganga Deb 20 October 1997 Gangabasi Raja Hereditary 1948
Banganapalle Fazli Ali Khan IV October 1983 Naqdi Nawab Hereditary 1948
Bansda Digvirendra Sinhji Solanki Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Banswara Jagmal Singh II 6 August 2002 Sisodia Maharawal Hereditary 1949
Baoni Iftikhar Khan 13 September 1977 Asaf Jahi Nawab Hereditary 1950
Baramba Tribikram Chandra Deb Birbar Mangraj 1979 Raja Hereditary 1948
Baroda Ranjit Singh Rao 1 September 1988 Gaekwad Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Barwani Manvendra Singh 15 September 2007 Sisodia Maharana Hereditary 1948
Bashahr Virbhadra Singh 15 April 1948 Rajput Raja Hereditary 1948
Bastar Kamal Chandra 1996 Bhanja Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Baudh Debendra Prasad Deo Bhanja Raja Hereditary 1948
Beja Vijay Chand 1949 Tanwar Thakur Hereditary 1948
File:Azuay.gif Beri Surendra Singh 1984 Parmar Raja Hereditary 1948
Bhajji Ram Chandra Pal Singh 15 April 1948 Kutleharia Rana Hereditary 1948
Bharatpur Vishvendra Singh 8 July 1995 Sinsinwar Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Bhavnagar Vijayraj Sinhji 26 July 1994 Gohil Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Bhayavadar Natranjan Anakchandra Jaitani Darbar Hereditary 1948
Bhopal Mansur Ali Khan 5 September 1995 Mirazi Khel Nawab Hereditary 1949
Bhor Yogeshrao Chimnajirao 1990 Raja Hereditary 1948
Bihat Virendra Singh Bundela Rao Hereditary 1950
Bijawar Jai Singh 9 July 1983 Bundela Maharaja Hereditary 1950
Bikaner Ravi Raj Singh 24 October 2003 Rathore Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Bilaspur Kirti Chand 15 November 1983 Chandela Raja Hereditary 1948
Bilkha Jashwant Singh Virani Raja Hereditary 1948
Bonai Kadamba Keshri Chandra Deo 15 April 1948 Kadamba Raja Hereditary 1948
Bundi Ranjit Singh 24 December 1977 Rajput Raja Hereditary 1949
Cambay Muhammed Ja'afar Ali Khan Najam-es-Sani Nawab Hereditary 1948
Cannanore Sultana Zainaba Aysha 27 September 2006 Arakkal Ali Raja Hereditary 1792
Chamba Prem Singh 21 May 1971 Mushana Raja Hereditary 1948
Charkhari Jayant Singh 7 January 1977 Bundela Maharaja Hereditary 1950
Chhaliar Ajit Singhji Maharaulji Raja Hereditary 1948
Chhatarpur Bikram Singh 2006 Panwar Maharaja Hereditary 1950
Chhota Udaipur Jai Pratap Sinhji 27 June 2005 Rajput Maharawal Hereditary 1948
Chhuikhadan Ritu Purna Kishor Bairagi Mahant Hereditary 1948
Chitral Muhammad Saif ul-Mulk Nasir 28 July 1969 Katur Mehtar Hereditary 1969
Chorangala Hardeep Singhji Rajput Maharawal Hereditary 1948
Chotila Jayvir Dada 1991 Khachar Darbar Hereditary 1948
Chuda Krishna Kumar Sinhji Jhala Thakur Hereditary 1948
Danta Mahipendra Singh 10 July 1989 Parmar Maharana Hereditary 1948
Darkoti Raghubir Singh 1996 Parmar Rana Hereditary 1948
Daspalla Digvijay 19 June 2006 Bhanja Raja Hereditary 1948
Datia Rajendra Singh October 2006 Bundela Maharaja Hereditary 1950
Dewas Tukojirao IV 21 January 1999 Panwar Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Dhami Pratap Singh 8 May 1987 Surajbansi Raja Hereditary 1948
Dharampur Sahadevji 5 May 1962 Sisodia Raja Hereditary 1948
Dhenkanal Kamakhya Prasad Singh 3 August 1965 Bhuyavamsha Raja Hereditary 1948
Dhir Muhammad Shah Khusru Khan 28 July 1969 Tanoli Nawab Khan Hereditary 1969
Dholpur Hemant Singh 22 October 1954 Bamraulia Maharaj Rana Hereditary 1949
Dhrangadhra Meghrajji III 15 February 1948 Jhala Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Dhrol Chandra Sinhji Dipsinhji 15 February 1948 Jadeja Thakur Hereditary 1948
Dumraon Kamal Singh Parmar Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Dungarpur Mahipal Singh II 6 June 1989 Sisodia Maharawal Hereditary 1949
Faridkot Bharat Indar Singh 16 October 1989 Jaisal Raja Hereditary 1948
Farrukhabad Salman Khurshid Khan 23 May 2000 Bangash Nawab Hereditary 1802
Gangpur Samarendra Shekhar Deo Parmar Raja Hereditary 1948
Garrauli Ravindra Singh 17 September 1964 Bundela Raja Hereditary 1948
Gondal Jyotendra Sinhji 22 August 1969 Jadeja Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Guler Brijesh Chand 1959 Katoch Raja Hereditary 1815
Gwalior Jyotiraditya 30 September 2001 Scindia Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Hindol Shailendra Narayan Singh 12 July 1991 Raja Hereditary 1948
Hunza Ghazanfar Ali Khan II 18 March 1976 Tanoli Mir Hereditary 1974
Hyderabad Mukarram Jah, Asaf Jah VIII 24 February 1967 Asaf Jahi Nizam Hereditary 1948
Idar Rajendra Singhji 17 May 1992 Rathore Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Indore Ushadevi 5 December 1961 Holkar Maharani Hereditary 1948
Jaipur Bhawani Singh 24 June 1970 Rajawat Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Jaisalmer Brijraj Singh 28 February 1982 Yadava Maharawal Hereditary 1949
Jambugodha Vikram Singh 3 December 2003 Malwa Thakur Hereditary 1948
Jamkhandi Pranay Rao Parshuram Rao 18 December 1953 Pathwardhan Raja Hereditary 1948
Jammu and Kashmir Karan Singh 26 April 1961 Dogra Maharaja Hereditary 1947
Jamnia Shaliwahan Vats 19 August 2005 Songara Raja Hereditary 1948
Jandala Aurangzeb Khan 1950 Jadoon Mir Hereditary 1958
Janjira Shah Mahmood Khan 1 April 1972 Siddi Nawab Hereditary 1948
Jaora Muhammed Ihtesham Ali Khan 1999 Yusufzai Nawab Hereditary 1948
Jasdan Satyajitkumar Shivraj Khachar 1989 Kathi Darbar Hereditary 1948
Jashpur Ranvijay Pratap Singh 4 October 1982 Chauhan Raja Hereditary 1948
Jaso Anand Pratap Singh 1 January 1950 Bundela Dewan Hereditary 1950
Jath Anilraje 10 July 1998 Daphle Raja Hereditary 1948
Jawhar Digvijay Sinh Rao 22 October 1992 Mukne Raja Hereditary 1948
Jhabua Narendra Singh 8 November 2002 Rathore Raja Hereditary 1948
Jhalawar Chandrajit Singhji 24 April 2004 Jhala Maharaj Rana Hereditary 1949
Jind Satbir Singh 7 September 1959 Phulkian Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Jobat Upendra Singh 7 June 1984 Rathore Rana Hereditary 1948
Jodhpur Gaj Singhji II 26 January 1952 Rathore Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Jubbal Yogender Chand 30 December 1966 Rathore Raja Hereditary 1948
Junagadh Muhammed Jahangir Khanji 30 August 1989 Babi Nawab Hereditary 1948
Kalahandi Udit Pratap Deo 8 October 2001 Rajput Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Kalat Suleman Dawood Khan January 1998 Ahmadzai Khan Hereditary 1955
Kalsia Himmat Sher Singh 19 January 1961 Raja Hereditary 1948
Kamadhia Mir Jaffar Imam II 5 February 1998 Sehswani Darbar Hereditary 1948
Kangra Aditya Dev 1988 Katoch Raja Hereditary 1846
Kanker Aditya Pratap Deo 2001 Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Kapurthala Sukhjit Singh 19 July 1955 Ahluwalia Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Karauli Krishan Chandra Pal 1984 Jadon Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Kashi Anant Singh 25 December 2000 Narayan Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Kathiwara Digvijay Sinh 12 January 2010 Jadon Rana Hereditary 1948
Kawardha Yogeshwar Singh 14 May 2007 Gondi Raja Hereditary 1948
Keonjhar Anant Narayan Bhanja Raja Hereditary 1948
Keonthal Veer Vikram 13 December 2002 Sen Raja Hereditary 1948
Khairagarh Ravindra Bahadur Singh Surajbansi Raja Hereditary 1948
Khairpur Ali Murad Khan II 14 October 1955 Talpur Amir Hereditary 1955
Khandpara Bibhuti Bhushan Singh Vaghela Raja Hereditary 1948
Kharan Abdul Rehman Nowsherani Nawab Hereditary 1955
Kharsawan Pradeep Chandra Singh Rathore Raja Hereditary 1948
Khilchipur Priyavrat Singh 31 July 2006 Rajput Raja Hereditary 1948
Khordha Dibyasingha Deb IV 1970 Rajput Raja Hereditary 1804
Khudadad Asif Ali 18 February 1983 Tipu Sultan Shahzada Hereditary 1799
Kishangarh Brajraj Singh 16 February 1971 Rathore Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Kolhapur Shahu II 9 May 1983 Bhonsle Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Koriya Raghvendra Singh Dev 1985 Chauhan Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Kotah Brijraj Singh 20 July 1991 Hada Maharao Hereditary 1949
Kotkhai Tribhuwan Singh 3 August 2006 Rana Hereditary 1948
Kumharsain Surendra Singh 1996 Rana Hereditary 1948
Kunihar Sanjay Singh 1997 Raghubansi Rana Hereditary 1948
Kurwai Zafar Ali Khan 8 December 1984 Feroz Nawab Hereditary 1948
Kushalgarh Manvendra Singh 16 February 1971 Rathore Rao Hereditary 1949
Kutch Pragmalji III 21 June 1991 Jadeja Maharao Hereditary 1948
Kuthar Arun Chand September 1986 Sen Rana Hereditary 1948
Kutlehar Mahendra 29 April 1937 Pal Raja Hereditary 1825
Ladakh Jigmed Wangchuk September 1992 Namgyal Chogyal Hereditary 1842
Lakhtar Balbhadra Sinhji Jhala Thakur Hereditary 1948
Las Bela Mohammad Yousaf 29 May 1988 Aliani Jam Hereditary 1955
Lathi Kirti Kumara Sinhji Gohil Thakur Hereditary 1948
Limdi Chhatrasalji Digvijaysinhji 15 February 1948 Jhala Thakur Hereditary 1948
Loharu Ala-uddin Ahmad Khan II 12 June 1983 Yusufi Nawab Hereditary 1948
Lunavada Bhupendra Sinhji 1986 Solanki Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Mahilog Narendra Chand 16 December 1934 Surajvanshi Thakur Hereditary 1948
Maihar Aksayraj Singh Kachwaha Maharaja Hereditary 1950
Makrai Ajay Shah 1987 Gondi Raja Hereditary 1948
Makran Khalid 29 May 1988 Gichki Nawab Hereditary 1955
Malerkotla Kazim Ali Khan 9 September 1994 Sherwani Nawab Hereditary 1948
Manavadar Muhammad Fateh ud-din Khanji 13 February 2003 Babi Nawab Hereditary 1948
Mandi Ashokpal 16 June 1986 Chandravanshi Raja Hereditary 1948
Mandva Rajendra Sinhji September 1981 Chauhan Maharana Hereditary 1948
Mangal Surender Singh 8 February 1973 Rana Hereditary 1948
Manipur Sanajaoba Leisemba Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Mayurbhanj Praveen Chandra 15 September 2000 Bhanja Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Mewar Mahendra Singh 3 November 1984 Sisodia Maharana Hereditary 1949
Muli Jitendra Sinhji Sodha Thakore Hereditary 1948
Mysore Narsimharaja 23 September 1974 Wodeyar Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Nabha Hanuwant Singh 22 July 1995 Phulkian Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Nagar Barkat Ali Khan 22 May 2003 Maghlot Mir Hereditary 1974
Nagod Shivendra Singh 3 August 2005 Parihar Raja Hereditary 1950
Nalagarh Vijayendra Singh 5 May 1971 Chandela Raja Hereditary 1948
Nandgaon Sarveshwar Das 1 January 1948 Mahant Hereditary 1948
Narsinghgarh Bhanuprakash Singhji 17 July 1957 Parmar Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Narsinghpur Debashish Singh Deo 17 July 2007 Raja Hereditary 1948
Nasvadi Ghanshyam Singh Solanki Thakur Hereditary 1948
Nawanagar Shatrusalya Sinhji 3 February 1966 Jadeja Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Nayagarh Brajendra Kishore Singh 24 June 1983 Vaghela Raja Hereditary 1948
Nilgiri Jayant Chandra Mardraj Harichandan 30 May 2001 Bhanja Raja Hereditary 1948
Orchha Madhukar Shah Bundela Maharaja Hereditary 1950
Pal Lahara Muni Pal Raja Hereditary 1948
Palanpur Iqbal Muhammed Khan 20 May 1957 Lohani Nawab Hereditary 1948
Palitana Shivendra Sinhji Gohil Thakur Hereditary 1948
Panna Manvendra Singh Bundela Maharaja Hereditary 1950
Pataudi Mansur Ali Khan 5 January 1952 Barench Nawab Hereditary 1948
Patdi Karni Sinhji Kishan Sinhji 27 April 2002 Desai Desai Hereditary 1948
Patiala Amarinder Singh 17 June 1974 Phulkian Maharaja Hereditary 1948
File:FLAG patna.jpeg Patna Kanak Vardhan Singh Deo April 2004 Chauhan Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Phaltan Ramraje Pratapsinh 7 October 2004 Nimbalkar Raja Hereditary 1948
Piploda Raghuraj Singh 15th June 1948 Dodia Raja Hereditary 1948
Poonch Raman Dev Singh Dogra Raja Hereditary 1936
Pratapgarh Ambika Pratap Singh 7 April 1949 Sisodia Raja Hereditary 1949
Pudukkottai Rajagopala II 16 January 1997 Thondaiman Raja Hereditary 1948
Raigarh Vikram Bahadur Singh October 2000 Raja Hereditary 1948
Rairakhol Hari Shanker Chandra Jadumoni Deo Jenamani 7 April 1975 Rathore Raja Hereditary 1948
Rajgarh Bikramaditya Singh 15th June 1948 Panwar Raja Hereditary 1948
Rajkot Manohar Sinhji Pradyuman Sinhji 9 November 1973 Jadeja Thakur Hereditary 1948
Rajpipla Raghubir Sinhji 2 February 1963 Gohil Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Ramnad Rajeswari Nachiyar 1979 Sethupathi Rani Hereditary 1803
Rampur Muhammad Kazim 5 April 1992 Rohilla Nawab Hereditary 1949
Ranasan Jayadevsinhji 14 August 1964 Parmar Thakur Hereditary 1948
Ranpur Dileep Chandra Singh 1982 Raja Hereditary 1948
Ratlam Ranbir Singh 24 June 1991 Ratansinghot Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Rewah Pushpraj Singh 20 November 1995 Baghela Maharaja Hereditary 1950
Sachin Muhammad Reza Khan 13 August 2006 Siddi Nawab Hereditary 1948
Sailana Vikram Singhji 1990 Rathore Raja Hereditary 1948
Sakti Surendra Bahadur Singh Rana Hereditary 1948
Samthar Ranjit Singh II Bargujar Raja Hereditary 1950
Sandur Murarirao Yeshwantrao 11 October 1996 Ghorpade Raja Hereditary 1949
Sangli Vijaysinghrao Madhavrao 23 February 1965 Patwardhan Raja Hereditary 1948
Sant Paranjayaditya Sinhji 24 October 1991 Parmar Raja Hereditary 1948
Sarangarh Shishir Bindu Singh 11 September 1987 Gondi Raja Hereditary 1948
Sarila Narendra Singh January 1983 Bundela Raja Hereditary 1950
Sathamba Indravijay Sinhji Solanki Thakore Hereditary 1948
Savanur Abdul Majid Khan III 5 February 1993 Miyana Nawab Hereditary 1948
Sawantvadi Khem Savant VI 13 July 1995 Bhonsle Raja Hereditary 1948
Sayla Prithviraj Sinhji 1970 Jhala Thakore Hereditary 1948
Seraikella Bikram Pratap Singh Deo 2 July 1993 Rathore Raja Hereditary 1948
Shahpura Indrajit Singh 1992 Sisodia Raja Hereditary 1949
Shigar Mohammad Ali Shah Saba Amacha Raja Hereditary 1971
Sikkim Wangchuk Tenzing 29 January 1982 Namgyal Chogyal Hereditary 1975
Sirmur Udai Prakash 23 September 1965 Plassia Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Sirohi Raghubir Singhji 7 April 1998 Deora Maharao Hereditary 1949
Sitamau Puranjay Sinh May 2008 Rathore Raja Hereditary 1948
Sonepur Prithvi Bir Singh Deo 24 November 1973 Chauhan Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Suket Hari 18 October 1985 Sen Raja Hereditary 1948
Surgana Nitranjan Dhairyashilrao 23 November 2003 Panwar Deshmukh Hereditary 1948
Surguja Tribhuvaneshwar Saran Singh 2001 Raksel Maharaja Hereditary 1948
Swat Miangul Aurangzeb 14 September 1987 Safi Wali Hereditary 1969
Talcher Rajendra Chandra Deb Kachwaha Raja Hereditary 1948
Tanjore Babaji Rao Bhonsle Raja Hereditary 1855
Tehri Garhwal Manujendra 7 January 2007 Shah Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Tharad Jorawar Sinhji Vaghela Thakur Hereditary 1948
Tharoch Baljit Singh 15 April 1948 Sisodia Rana Hereditary 1948
Tigiria Brajraj Kshatriya Birbar Chamupati Singh 1 January 1948 Raja Hereditary 1948
Tonk Aftab Ali Khan 4 September 1994 Salarzai Nawab Hereditary 1949
Tori Fatehpur Pushpendra Singh 20 March 1996 Bundela Raja Hereditary 1948
Travancore Martanda Varma III 19 July 1991 Travancore Maharaja Hereditary 1949
File:Bandera Tripura1.png Tripura Pradyot Deb Barman 27 November 2006 Manikya Maharaja Hereditary 1949
Udaipur Vijay Singh Raksel Raja Hereditary 1948
Vijaynagar Harshwardhan Singhji 20 June 2000 Rathore Maharao Hereditary 1948
Wadhwan Chaitanyadevsinhji 1985 Jhala Thakur Hereditary 1948
Wankaner Digvijay Sinhji 22 May 2007 Jhala Maharana Hereditary 1948
Zainabad Shabbir Khan Multani Malek Hereditary 1948

African monarchs

Main article: Monarchies in Africa
Country Monarch Date Type Royal Standard
Lesotho Lesotho King Letsie III 12 November 1990 Constitutional
Morocco Morocco King Mohammed VI 23 July 1999 Constitutional N/A
Eswatini Swaziland King Mswati III 25 April 1986 Absolute File:Royal Flag of Swaziland.png

Europe

Main article: Monarchies in Europe

Sovereign monarchies

State Monarch Since House Type Succession Standard Refs
Andorra Andorra Co-Princes Nicolas Sarkozy
and Joan Enric Vives Sicília		 16 May 2007
12 May 2003		 N/A Constitutional Ex officio N/A
Belgium Belgium King Albert II 9 August 1993 Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Constitutional Hereditary
Denmark Denmark Queen Margrethe II 14 January 1972 Glücksburg Constitutional Hereditary
Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Prince Hans-Adam II 13 November 1989 Liechtenstein Constitutional Hereditary
Luxembourg Luxembourg Grand Duke Henri 7 October 2000 Nassau-Weilburg Constitutional Hereditary
Monaco Monaco Prince Albert II 6 April 2005 Grimaldi Constitutional Hereditary
Netherlands Netherlands Queen Beatrix 30 April 1980 Orange-Nassau Constitutional Hereditary
Norway Norway King Harald V 17 January 1991 Glücksburg Constitutional Hereditary
Spain Spain King Juan Carlos I 22 November 1975 Bourbon Constitutional Hereditary
Sweden Sweden King Carl XVI Gustaf 15 September 1973 Bernadotte Constitutional Hereditary
United Kingdom United Kingdom Queen Elizabeth II 6 February 1952 Windsor Constitutional Hereditary
Vatican City Vatican City Pope Benedict XVI 19 April 2005 N/A Absolute Elective

Abolished monarchies

State Pretender Since House Claim Succession Abolition Refs
Albania Albania Leka I 9 April 1961 Zogu Heir apparent of King Zog I (1928–1939). Hereditary 1944
Bulgaria Bulgaria Simeon II 15 September 1946 Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Tsar from 1943 to 1946. Hereditary 1946
Courland Ernst-Johann 28 February 1982 Biron Direct descendant of Duke Ernst Johann von Biron (1737–1740 and 1763–1769). Hereditary 1795
France France
(Legitimist)		 Louis XX 30 January 1989 Bourbon Direct descendant of King Louis XIV (1643–1715). Hereditary 1830
France France
(Orléanist and Unionist)		 Henry VII 19 June 1999 Orléans Descendant of Louis-Philippe, King of the French (1830–1848), and of Charles X, King of France (1824–1830). Hereditary 1848
France France
(Bonapartist)		 Charles Napoléon 3 May 1997 Bonaparte Seniormost descendant of Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (1852–1870). Hereditary 1870
Jean Christophe Descendant of Napoleon III, Emperor of the French (1852–1870).
Greece Greece Constantine II 1 June 1973 Glücksburg King from 1964 to 1973. Hereditary 1973
Montenegro Montenegro Nikola II 24 March 1986 Petrović-Njegoš Direct descendant of King Nikola I (1910–1918). Hereditary 1918
Portugal Portugal Duarte Pio 24 December 1976 Braganza Direct descendant of King Miguel I (1828–1834). Hereditary 1910
Romania Romania Michael I 30 December 1947 Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen King from 1927 to 1930 and from 1940 to 1947. Hereditary 1947
Russia Russia Maria Vladimirovna 21 April 1992 Romanov Direct descendant of Emperor Alexander II (1855–1881). Hereditary 1917
Nicholas Romanov Direct descendant of Emperor Nicholas I (1825–1855).
Kingdom of Serbia Serbia Alexander II 3 November 1970 Karađorđević Descendant of King Peter I (1903–1918), of the Karađorđević line of kings. Hereditary 1918
Nikola 24 March 1986 Petrović-Njegoš Descendant of Prince Mirko, the designated heir of King Alexander I (1889–1903), of the Obrenović line of kings.
Kingdom of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia Alexander II 3 November 1970 Karađorđević Heir apparent of King Peter II (1934–1945). Hereditary 1945

Oceanian monarchs

Main article: Monarchies in Oceania
Country Monarch Date Type Royal Standard
Tonga Tonga King George Tupou V 11 September 2006 Constitutional

Intercontinental monarch

See also: Commonwealth realm
Country Monarch Date Type Royal Standard
Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda Queen Elizabeth II 1 November 1981 All Constitutional N/A
Australia Australia Queen 6 February 1952
The Bahamas Bahamas Queen 10 July 1973 N/A
Barbados Barbados Queen 30 November 1966
Belize Belize Queen 21 September 1981 N/A
Canada Canada Queen 6 February 1952
Grenada Grenada Queen 7 February 1974 N/A
Jamaica Jamaica Queen 6 August 1962
New Zealand New Zealand Queen 6 February 1952 File:Royal Standard of New Zealand.svg
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Queen 16 September 1975 N/A
Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts and Nevis Queen 19 September 1983 N/A
Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Queen 22 February 1979 N/A
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Queen 27 October 1979 N/A
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Queen 7 July 1978 N/A
Tuvalu Tuvalu Queen 1 October 1978 N/A

Subnational monarchs

Main article: List of subnational monarchs
Country Sub-national entity Monarch Date Type Royal Standard
Benin Benin Fon King Agoli Agbo Dedjalagni 30 September 1989 Traditional N/A
Democratic Republic of the Congo Congo-Kinshasa Kuba Nyim Kot a-Mbweeky a-Shyaang September 1969 Traditional N/A
Lunda Mwata Yamvo Mushid III 28 January 2005 Traditional N/A
Wallis and Futuna (France) Wallis and Futuna Alo Tuʻi Petelo Vikena 6 November 2008 Constitutional N/A
Sigave Tuʻi Visesio Moeliku 10 March 2004 Constitutional N/A
Uvea Lavelua Kapiliele Faupala 25 July 2008 Constitutional N/A
Ghana Ghana Ashanti Otumfuo Nana Osei Tutu II 23 July 1999 Traditional N/A
Dagomba Yaa Naa Abdulai Yakubu Andani 21 April 2006 Traditional N/A
Indonesia Indonesia Cirebon-Kanoman Sultan Elang Saladin Muhammad 6 March 2003 Traditional N/A
Cirebon-Kasepuhan Sultan Maulana Pakuningrat Sepuh 14 May 1989 Traditional N/A
Cirebon-Kacirebonan Sultan Abdul Gani Natadiningrat III 28 October 1997 Traditional N/A
Deli Sultan Mahmud Perkasa Alam Syah 21 July 2005 Traditional N/A
Gianyar Raja Anak Agung Gde Agung 22 April 1999 Traditional N/A
Kutai Sultan Adji Muhammad Salehuddin II 22 September 2001 Traditional N/A
Langkat Sultan Azwar Jalil Rahmat Syah 21 May 2003 Traditional N/A
Mempawah Sultan Mardan Kesuma Ibrahim 12 August 2002 Traditional N/A
Palembang Sultan Mahmud Badruddin III 4 March 2003 Traditional N/A
Pontianak Sultan Syarif Abubakar al-Kadri 15 January 2004 Traditional N/A
Serdang Sultan Lukman Sinar Bashar Shah II 28 January 2001 Traditional N/A
Surakarta Susuhunan Pakubuwono XIII 10 September 2004 Traditional N/A
Ternate Sultan Muzaffar Shah II 29 November 1986 Traditional N/A
Tidore Sultan Haji Djafar Danoyunus Syah 22 April 1999 Traditional
New Zealand New Zealand Māori Maori King Tuheitia Paki 21 August 2006 Traditional N/A
Nigeria Nigeria Adamawa Lamido Alhahi Aliyu Musdafa 26 July 1953 Traditional N/A
Edo Oba Erediauwa I 23 March 1979 Traditional N/A
Ife Oni Okunade Sijuwade Olubuse II 7 August 1980 Traditional N/A
Katsina Emir Abdulmumini Kabir Usman 5 July 2008 Traditional N/A
Kano Emir Ado Bayero October 1963 Traditional N/A
Lagos Oba Rilwan Akiolu 30 August 2003 Traditional N/A
Oyo Oba Lamidi Olayiwola Adeyemi III 19 November 1970 Traditional N/A
Sokoto Sultan Muhammed Sa'adu Abubakar 2 November 2006 Traditional N/A
South Africa South Africa Zululand King Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu 23 July 1999 Traditional N/A
Uganda Uganda Ankole Omugabe Ntare IV 20 November 1993 Traditional N/A
Buganda King Muwenda Mutebi II 31 July 1993 Traditional N/A
Busoga Kayabazinga Nadhiope Gabula IV October 2009 Traditional N/A
Bunyoro Omukama Solomon Gafabusa Iguru I 1994 Traditional N/A
Toro Omukama Rukidi IV 5 September 1994 Traditional N/A
Zambia Zambia Barotseland Litunga Lubosi II October 2000 Traditional N/A

For self-declared monarchs from self-proclaimed states, go to the list of micronations.

See also

Notes

Middle East

  1. ^ A clan of the Utbah tribe.
  2. ^ A clan of the Quraysh tribe.
  3. Succession is not based upon primogeniture. The reigning king selects who will be his successor, whom might not necessarily be his eldest son.
  4. The heir is appointed by the reigning emir, and the nomination must also be approved by a majority of members in the National Assembly. The throne is also traditionally alternated between the two main branches of the Al Sabah family: the Al Salem and Al Jaber. The current emir is of the Al Jaber branch.
  5. ^ Monarchy is constitutional by law, but remains absolute in practice.
  6. The Al Thani are a clan of the Tamim tribe.
  7. The Al Saud are a clan descended from the Hanifa tribe.
  8. Succession, whilst hereditary, is not determined by primogeniture or any other law of succession. Instead, it is based on the consensus of the House of Saud as to who will be Crown Prince; consensus may change depending on the Crown Prince's actions. In effect, this makes the Saudi monarchy elective within the Saud family.
  9. ^ The Al Nahyan are a branch of the Al Falahi, a clan of the Yas tribe.
  10. The Prime Minister is the head of the government, but the position, whilst elective, can only be held by one of the reigning monarchs of the seven constituent emirates.
  11. According to the Constitution, the President of the United Arab Emirates is elected by the Federal Supreme Council from among the individual rulers of the seven emirates. However, by informal agreement the Presidency is always passed to the head of the Al Nahyan clan, the Emir of Abu Dhabi, which makes it a de facto hereditary position. In addition, the elected Prime Minister has always been the head of the Al Maktoum clan and Emir of Dubai.
  12. The emirates, whilst absolute at the regional level, also forfeit a portion of their sovereignty and administrative power to the federal government.
  13. The Al Nuaim are a branch of the Al Shamsi tribe.
  14. The Al Maktoum are a branch of the Al Falasi, a clan of the Yas tribe.
  15. The Al Sharqi are a branch of the Sharqiyyin tribe.
  16. ^ The Al Qasimi are a branch of the Al Qawasim tribe.
  17. Another claimant to the throne (since 1956) is Sharif Ali bin al-Hussein, of the same family, but his claim is not regarded to fulfil the requirements of the former monarchy's laws of succession. Furthermore, his reigning Hāshemite relatives in Jordan have supported Ra'ad's claim, rather than Sharif Ali's.
  18. Cite error: The named reference Hashim was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  19. Ra'ad's father, Prince Zeid, was appointed Head of the Royal House of Iraq following the assassination of King Faisal II during the coup d'état in 1958. Zeid was the son of Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz.
  20. The sultans of the Ottoman Empire also held the title Caliph of Islam, thus claiming to be the spiritual leaders of all Muslims. The Ottoman Caliphate was abolished by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in 1924.
  21. Retrospectively known as North Yemen. It later united with South Yemen in 1990 to form the modern state of Yemen.
  22. Many of the kings of the Qasimid dynasty also held the title Imam and Commander of the Faithful, and were the spiritual leaders of the Zaidiyyah branch of Shi'a Islam. The Imamate ended with the republican revolution in 1962.
  23. ^ Had previously reigned as sultan prior to the monarchy's abolition in 1967.
  24. Nasir previously reigned as sultan from 1947 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967.
  25. Awad previously reigned as sultan from 1935 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967.
  26. ^ Salih previously reigned as emir from his birth, in 1935, until the monarchy was deposed in 1967. Cite error: The named reference "Salih" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  27. Nasser previously reigned as sultan from 1964 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967.
  28. Faisal previously reigned as sultan from 1955 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967.
  29. Also known as "Seiyun" or "Say'un".
  30. ^ Husayn previously reigned as sultan from 24 April 1949 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967. Cite error: The named reference "Husaynali" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  31. Fadl VI previously reigned as sultan from 8 December 1958 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967. Immediately prior to his formal ascension to the throne, he had served as acting sultan since 10 July 1958.
  32. Also known as "Qishn and Socotra", after its capital city and the island of Socotra.
  33. A clan of the Afrar tribe.
  34. Also known as "Shihr and Mukalla", after its two capital cities: Ash Shihr and Al Mukalla.
  35. Ghalib II previously reigned as sultan from 10 October 1966 until the monarchy was deposed in 1967.
  36. Known as "Balhaf and Azzan" from 1881, signifying Balhaf's merge with Wahidi Azzan. Known simply as "Wahidi" from 1962, when the sultanates of Wahidi Bir Ali and Wahidi Haban were made subordinate.
  37. Prince Ali held the position of hakim (regent) from 20 February 1967 until the sultanate's abolition in August of the same year. He was never crowned sultan.
  38. Alawi previously reigned as sultan from 1955 until the monarchy was abolished in 1967. Before his reign ended, he was made subordinate to the Sultan of Balhaf and Azzan on 23 October 1962.
  39. Husayn had previously reigned as sultan prior to the monarchy's abolition in 1967. Before his reign ended, he was made subordinate to the Sultan of Balhaf and Azzan on 23 October 1962.
  40. ^ A clan of the Yafa tribe. The Yafai are divided into ten sheikhdoms that were spread across the former sultanates of Lower Yafa and Upper Yafa.
  41. Muhammad previously reigned as sultan from 1948 until the monarchy was deposed in 1967.

Asia

  1. The king is selected for life by the Royal Council of the Throne from amongst candidates of royal blood.
  2. Official title: Yang di-Pertuan Agong. It is commonly rendered in English as "King".
  3. The current Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the Sultan of Terengganu, whose ruling line is the House of Bendahara.
  4. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Supreme Head of State) is elected to a five-year term. Nine hereditary rulers from the Malay States form the Council of Rulers, who will determine the next Agong through a secret ballot. The position has to date been, by informal agreement, systematically rotated between the nine; the order was originally based on seniority.
  5. The current king is also styled Rama IX.
  6. The Hamengkubuwanas are a branch of the Kartasura lineage.
  7. While state law requires that all provincial governors be elected, in the case of Yogyakarta, the sultan is given priority during elections, and therefore is always the default governor. As in other provinces, considerable sovereignty is also ceded to the central government.
  8. Negeri Sembilan is a confederation currently consisting of six states. Seri Menanti is the name of the state from which the ruling line of Negeri Sembilan derives. The ruling lineage is a Minangkabau dynasty.
  9. The Yang di-Pertuan Besar is selected for life by the Undang Laut (the four ruling chiefs of the confederated states of Negeri Sembilan) from amongst four royal princes. These princes are selected by the reigning Yang di-Pertuan Besar from amongst the senior members of the ruling line of Seri Menanti. The undangs themselves cannot stand for election to Yang di-Pertuan Besar.
  10. The current ruling family of Selangor is a Bugis dynasty.
  11. The Bohmong Raja is recognised by the government of Bangladesh as the leader of the Marma population, and the traditional king of the Bohmong Circle (Arvumi), one of three tribal circles in the Chittagong Hill Tracts.
  12. The Chakma Raja is recognised by the government of Bangladesh as the leader of the Chakma population, and the traditional king of the Chakma Circle (Ramytte), one of three tribal circles in the Chittagong Hill Tracts.
  13. The Mong Raja is recognised by the government of Bangladesh as the traditional king of the Mong Circle (Phalang Htaung), one of three tribal circles in the Chittagong Hill Tracts.
  14. ^ One of the four senior states within the traditional confederacy of Negeri Sembilan. Cite error: The named reference "Sembilan" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  15. The undang (ruling chief) is elected for life by the nobles and vassals of the state from amongst the three highest noble families: the Waris Ulu Jelebu, Waris Sarin, and Waris Kemin.
  16. The undang (ruling chief) is elected for life by the nobles and vassals of the state from amongst the male descendants of the first ruler, following the matrilineal line.
  17. The undang (ruling chief) is elected for life by the nobles and vassals of the state from amongst the direct descendants of two noble families: the Waris Jakun and Waris Jawa. The position is, by informal agreement, alternated between the heads of the two houses.
  18. The undang (ruling chief) is elected for life by the nobles and vassals of the state from amongst the direct descendants of two noble families: the Waris Hulu and Waris Hilir.
  19. Tampin is a traditional principality within the Negeri Sembilan confederacy.
  20. The Yang di-Pertuan Muda (prince) succeeds according to the laws of male primogeniture, but must also receive confirmation from the reigning Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan.
  21. The Emperors of the Qīng dynasty were descended from the Aisin Gioro clan (Chinese: 爱新觉罗) of Manchus.
  22. Hengzhen is the son of the last pretender, Yuyan, who was appointed heir to the throne of China by the last emperor, Puyi (1908–1912).
  23. Gyanendra reigned as King of Nepal between 7 November 1950 and 8 January 1951, and again from 4 June 2001 until the monarchy was abolished in 2008.
  24. ^ Members of the Shah dynasty of Nepal are descended from the Parmar Rajput dynasty of the state of Narsinghgarh in modern India.
  25. Binod had been the reigning Raja of Bajhang when the constituent monarchies of Nepal were abolished in 2008.
  26. ^ Succession to the throne, whilst hereditary, is also subject to confirmation from the reigning King of Nepal.
  27. Prakash previously reigned as Raja of Bhirkot from 13 November 2002 until 2008, when the constituent monarchies of Nepal were abolished.
  28. A Tibetan kingdom known locally as Lo, the name "Mustang" is actually a Nepalese corruption of Manthang, the state's capital. Its ruler was styled Raja of Mustang by the Nepalese, and Lo rGyal-po (King of Lo) in Tibetan.
  29. Jigme previously reigned as Raja of Mustang, or King of Lo, from 1964 until 2008, when the constituent monarchies of Nepal were abolished.
  30. The surname "Bista" was adopted by the last reigning raja and his family.
  31. Gopendra had been the reigning Raja of Salyan when the constituent monarchies of Nepal were abolished in 2008.

India

  1. ^ A clan of the Rajputs. Cite error: The named reference "Rajput" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  2. Her succession to the title was not recognised by the Indian government.
  3. ^ A clan of the Marathas.
  4. One of two main branches of the Tanoli tribe.
  5. Previously reigned as raja from 22 June 1918 until the state's incorporation into India in 1950.
  6. Name is variously written as Awadh, Oudh, Oundh, or Oude.
  7. ^ One of the Simla Hill States.
  8. Previously reigned as raja from 21 December 1945 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
  9. ^ A branch of the Parmar clan.
  10. A branch of the Abbasi group of Sindhis.
  11. Previously reigned as nawab from 2 February 1945 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
  12. ^ A clan of the Yusufzai tribe of Pashtuns.
  13. Previously reigned as raja from April 1947 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
  14. Previously reigned as raja from 8 September 1940 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
  15. The Kutleharia family is a branch of the Pal clan of the Jats.
  16. ^ A clan of the Jats.
  17. ^ The Gohil lineage is a branch of the Sisodia clan of the Rajputs.
  18. ^ A lineage of the Wala clan of the Rajputs.
  19. Mansur Ali Khan was also the last recognised Nawab of Pataudi (see separate entry).
  20. A branch of the Orakzai tribe of Pashtuns.
  21. ^ One of the Chota Nagpur States.
  22. Previously reigned as raja until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
  23. The royal family of Bundi are members of both the Chauhan and Hada clans of the Rajputs.
  24. ^ A Pashtun dynasty.
  25. ^ The royal family are members of both the Khichi and Chauhan clans of the Rajputs.
  26. Previously reigned as mehtar from 14 October 1954, until the state was dissolved in 1969, and merged into the province of West Pakistan.
  27. State was divided in 1841 between two branches of the Panwar dynasty, both using the title "Maharaja of Dewas". The last head of the junior branch died in 1965, and the position has remained vacant since then. The titular claimant in this entry is from the senior branch.
  28. ^ A line of the Rajputs.
  29. Also known as Ramnagar.
  30. Previously reigned as nawab from 1960, until the state was dissolved in 1969, and merged into the province of West Pakistan.
  31. Full name of the state: "Dhrangadhra-Halvad", after its two main cities: Dhrangadhra and Halvad.
  32. Previously reigned as maharaja from 4 February 1942 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
  33. Previously reigned as thakur saheb from 20 October 1939 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
  34. The Rajawat are a branch of the Kachwaha clan of Rajputs.
  35. The Yadava family is a branch of the Bahti clan of Rajputs.
  36. Formerly known as Narukot for much of its history.
  37. Jamnia was one of the Bhumiate estates that were de jure under the authority of Dhar, but de facto independent.
  38. ^ A branch of the Chauhan clan of Rajputs.
  39. The factual accuracy of the source on this particular claim is questionable.
  40. Previously reigned as dewan until the state's incorporation into India in 1950.
  41. It included the estates of Daphlapur (or Dalfepur), from which the ruling family took its name.
  42. ^ Members of the Phulkian dynasty belong to the Sidhu clan of Jats.
  43. Also commonly known as Benares, or Varanasi after its capital.
  44. Previously reigned as amir from 19 July 1947, until the state was dissolved in 1955, and merged into the province of West Pakistan.
  45. Known variously as Khordha, Khurda, or Utkala in antiquity, was annexed to British India in 1804. The zamindari (noble estates) of Puri were created in 1808 and granted to the former ruling family. These estates were dissolved, and all its lands acquired, in 1956 by the Indian government.
  46. ^ The kingdom of Mysore was historically ruled by the Hindu Wodeyar dynasty. In 1782, however, immediately prior to the arrival of the British, the Maharaja was overthrown by the Muslim usurper, Tipu Sultan, who renamed the state Khudadad and expanded his empire across the south. His reign lasted until 1799, when he was conquered by the British and the crown was restored to the Wodeyars under British supremacy.
  47. The current royal family of Kolhapur are also members of the Panwar clan.
  48. Was recognised as jagirdar of the small feudatory estate of Kutlehar, until it was dissolved under the Indian government in 1957.
  49. A branch of the Samma tribe of the Jamot.
  50. A Baloch dynasty.
  51. The state was officially known as Udaipur, however, this was also the name of another princely state situated in modern Chhattisgarh.
  52. Was formerly known as Unchehara for much of its history.
  53. The Parihar family are members of the Agnikula clan of Rajputs.
  54. Also known as Hindur.
  55. Previously reigned as mahant from 24 June 1913 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
  56. Mansur Ali Khan is also the present titular Nawab of Bhopal (see separate entry).
  57. The Desai are a clan of the Kadwa branch of the Patidars. It is also known as the Patel dynasty.
  58. Previously reigned as raja from 1936 until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
  59. Previously reigned briefly as raja between 9 January and 7 April 1949, when the state was incorporated into India.
  60. Previously reigned as raja from his birth, 18 December 1936, until the state's incorporation into India in 1948.
  61. A branch of the Pandiya dyansty of Tamils.
  62. A branch of the Rathore clan of Rajputs.
  63. A branch of the Bhonsle clan of Marathas.
  64. Also known as Nahan after its capital.
  65. The last titular Maharaja of Sirmur died in 1964 leaving no apparent heir. The current claimant to the throne was adopted into the family by the late maharaja’s widow. However, neither the adoption nor the claim to inheritance were recognised by the Indian government, as it failed to meet the necessary requirements dictated by family and religious customs. Because the adoption has not been legally recognised, his right to make a claim is therefore disputed.
  66. A branch of the Gharghasht tribe of Pashtuns.
  67. Annexed to British India under doctrine of lapse in 1855, the current line of succession is not recognised by the Indian government.
  68. Also known as Thanjavur.
  69. A branch of the Panwar clan.
  70. Also known as Mervada or Morwana.
  71. Previously reigned as rana between 1944 and 1948, when the state was incorporated into India.
  72. Previously reigned as rana between 1943 and 1948, when the state was incorporated into India.
  73. A clan of the Tarkani tribe of Pashtuns.
  74. The royal family of Travancore is a line of the Kulasekhara clan of the Cheras.
  75. The state was founded in 1818 by an offshoot of the Surguja ruling line.
  76. Also known as Pal, or Pol.
  77. A branch of the Malek dynasty.

Europe

  1. ^ A branch of the House of Wettin.
  2. ^ Officially the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, which is a branch of the House of Oldenburg.
  3. The royal house of Luxembourg is descended from the House of Nassau and the Parma branch of the House of Bourbon.
  4. The royal house of the Netherlands is descended from the Houses of Nassau and Lippe.
  5. As Queen of the United Kingdom. The monarch of the United Kingdom also acts as Supreme Governor of the Church of England, who is the official leader of the Anglican Church in the Christian religion. In addition to her role as Queen of the United Kingdom, Elizabeth II is also currently queen regnant of sixteen separate Commonwealth realms, and has previously reigned as queen of sixteen other countries, now republics (see separate entries).
  6. The House of Windsor is a line of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which itself is a branch of the House of Wettin. "Windsor" is the official name adopted by the royal family of the United Kingdom since 1917.
  7. As Sovereign of the Vatican City. The Pope's primary office is that of Bishop of Rome and, as such, spiritual leader of the Roman Catholic Church in the Christian religion.
  8. Leka, only son of King Zog I, was Crown Prince of Albania from his birth on 5 April 1939 until the monarchy's end in 1944.
  9. Simeon II reigned as Tsar of Bulgaria from 28 August 1943 until the monarchy was deposed in the Communist revolution of 1946. After returning to the country from exile in 1996, he later served as elected Prime Minister of Bulgaria between 24 July 2001 and 17 August 2005.
  10. Louis is currently recognised as a member of the French nobility. He holds the titles Duke of Anjou and Duke of Bourbon???
  11. The House of Bourbon is a branch of the House of Capet.
  12. The House of Orléans is a branch of the House of Bourbon.
  13. Charles Napoléon is the current head of the House of Bonaparte. His son, Jean Christophe, was posthumously appointed heir in the will of his grandfather, Louis Napoléon.
  14. Constantine II reigned as King of the Hellenes from 6 March 1964 until the monarchy's abolition in 1973.
  15. Duarte Pio is currently recognised as a member of the Portuguese nobility. His primary title is Duke of Braganza???
  16. A branch of the House of Aviz.
  17. Michael I reigned as King of the Romanians between 20 July 1927 and 8 June 1930, and again from 6 September 1940 until the monarchy's abolition during the Communist revolution of 1947. A rival claim to the throne is maintained by the descendants of Carol Lambrino, Michael's elder half brother from his father's first marriage. Carol Lambrino's eldest son, Paul-Philippe, has maintained his claim to the throne since his father's death on 27 January 2006.
  18. A line of the House of Hohenzollern.
  19. The House of Romanov is a line of the House of Holstein-Gottorp, which itself is a branch of the House of Oldenburg.
  20. ^ Full title: Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias, used since 1721, although commonly designated Tsar. The Emperors of Russia were also Grand Dukes of Finland from 1809 until 1917, and Kings of Poland from 1815 until 1916.
  21. The House of Obrenović, who were overthrown as the Royal Family of Serbia in 1903, hold that the rightful heir to the title King of Serbia is the descendant of Prince Mirko of Montenegro, who was the designated successor of Alexander I, the last of the Obrenović line of kings in Serbia.
  22. After the breakup of Yugoslavia the present-day states are Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia (and Kosovo) and Slovenia.
  23. Alexander, only child of King Peter II, was Crown Prince of Yugoslavia from his birth on 17 July 1945 until the monarchy's end in 1943.

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  44. This person may have died prior to 6 May 2003.
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  51. "Ambliara". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  52. "Athgarh". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  53. "Athmalik". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  54. "Prince Nayyer Quder". Genealogy of the Royal House of Oudh. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  55. "Baghal". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  56. "Baghat". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  57. "Bahawalpur". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  58. "Balasinor". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
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  60. "Bamra". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  61. "Banganapalle". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  62. "Bansda". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  63. "Banswara". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  64. "Baoni". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  65. "Baramba". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  66. "Baroda". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  67. "Barwani". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  68. "Bashahr". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  69. "Bastar". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  70. "Baudh". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  71. "Beja". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  72. "Beri". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  73. "Bhajji". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  74. "Bharatpur". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  75. "Bhavnagar". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  76. "Bhayavadar". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  77. "Bhopal". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  78. "Bhor". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  79. "Bihat". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  80. "Bijawar". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  81. "Bikaner". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  82. "Bilaspur". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  83. "Bilkha". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  84. "Bonai". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  85. "Bundi". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  86. "Cambay". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  87. "Cannanore". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  88. "Chamba". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  89. "Charkhari". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  90. "Chhaliar". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  91. "Chhatarpur". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  92. "Chhota Udaipur". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  93. "Chhuikhadan". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  94. "Chitral". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  95. "Chorangala". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  96. "Chotila". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  97. "Chuda". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  98. "Danta". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  99. "Darkoti". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  100. "Daspalla". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  101. "Datia". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  102. "Dewas (Senior)". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  103. "Dewas (Junior)". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  104. "Dhami". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  105. "Dharampur". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  106. "Dhenkanal". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  107. "Dhir". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  108. "Dholpur". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  109. "Dhrangadhra". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  110. "Dhrol". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  111. "Dumraon". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  112. "Dungarpur". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
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  115. "Gangpur". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  116. "Garrauli". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  117. "Gondal". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  118. "Guler". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  119. "Gwalior". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  120. "Hindol". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  121. "Hunza". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
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  133. "Jaora". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  134. "Jaora". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  135. "Jasdan". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  136. "Jashpur". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  137. "Jaso". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  138. "Jath". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  139. "Jawhar". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  140. "Jhabua". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  141. "Jhalawar". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  142. "Jind". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  143. "Jobat". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  144. "Jodhpur". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  145. "Jubbal". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  146. "Junagadh". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  147. "Kalahandi". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  148. Siddiqi, Muhammad Ali (8 November 2004). "Baloch to go to any lengths for rights". DAWN.com. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  149. "Kalsia". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  150. "Kamadhia". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  151. "Kangra". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  152. "Kanker". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  153. "Kapurthala". The Royal Ark. Buyers, Christopher. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  154. "Karauli". Genealogical Gleanings. Soszynski, Henry. University of Queensland. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
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  300. Muhammad, Ibrahim. Nigeria: Day Adamawa Stood Still for Lamido from Vanguard
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  302. Nigerian traditional poilities
  303. Pending coronation: Daily Monitor: Busoga Kingdom gets new Kyabazinga

Bibliography

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