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Kings and other sovereigns usually do not have or do not use a family name. European monarchs have their ] followed by a number. This custom can be used to a certain extent only for non-European monarchs who are not the first of their regnal name. | Kings and other sovereigns usually do not have or do not use a family name. European monarchs have their ] followed by a number. This custom can be used to a certain extent only for non-European monarchs who are not the first of their regnal name. | ||
The list contains |
The list contains 365 current leaders and 3 upcoming leaders. | ||
<div style="clear: both"></div> | <div style="clear: both"></div> | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|30 August 1976 | |30 August 1976 | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|{{ |
|''{{flag|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic}}'' | ||
|'']'' | |||
⚫ | |] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|18 July 1978 | |18 July 1978 | ||
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|{{flag|Norway}} | |{{flag|Norway}} | ||
|<small>]: 1 June 1990 – 17 January 1991</small><br>]: 17 January 1991 – present<ref>] was ] from 25 November 2003 – 13 April 2004 and 29 March 2005 – 7 June 2005.</ref> | |<small>]: 1 June 1990 – 17 January 1991</small><br>]: 17 January 1991 – present<ref>] was ] from 25 November 2003 – 13 April 2004 and 29 March 2005 – 7 June 2005.</ref> | ||
|- | |||
|2 September 1990 | |||
|'']'' | |||
|''{{flag|Transnistria}}'' | |||
|'']'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
|2 December 1990 | |2 December 1990 | ||
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|26 October 2000 | |26 October 2000 | ||
|] | |] | ||
|{{ |
|{{flag|Côte d'Ivoire}} | ||
|] | |] | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|18 December 2001 | |18 December 2001 | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|{{flag|South Ossetia}} | |''{{flag|South Ossetia}}'' | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|22 December 2001 | |22 December 2001 | ||
Line 545: | Line 550: | ||
|{{flag|Venezuela}} | |{{flag|Venezuela}} | ||
|]<ref>Hugo Chávez was previously President from 2 February 1999 – 11 April 2002.</ref> | |]<ref>Hugo Chávez was previously President from 2 February 1999 – 11 April 2002.</ref> | ||
|- | |||
|3 May 2002 | |||
|'']'' | |||
|''{{flag|Somaliland}}'' | |||
|'']'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
|8 June 2002 | |8 June 2002 | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|] | |] | ||
|rowspan="2" |{{ |
|rowspan="2" |{{flag|People's Republic of China}} | ||
|] | |] | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|29 October 2003 | |29 October 2003 | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|{{ |
|''{{flag|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic}}'' | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|11 December 2003 | |11 December 2003 | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|15 January | |15 January | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|{{flagicon|Palestine}} ] | |''{{flagicon|Palestine}} ]'' | ||
|]<ref>Mahmoud Abbas was previously ] from 19 March 2003 – 6 September 2003.</ref> | |'']''<ref>Mahmoud Abbas was previously ] from 19 March 2003 – 6 September 2003.</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|2 February | |2 February | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|12 February | |12 February | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|{{flag|Abkhazia}} | |''{{flag|Abkhazia}}'' | ||
|]<ref>Sergei Bagapsh was previously ] from 29 April 1997 – 20 December 1999.</ref> | |'']''<ref>Sergei Bagapsh was previously ] from 29 April 1997 – 20 December 1999.</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan="2" |12 March | |rowspan="2" |12 March | ||
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|29 March | |29 March | ||
|] | |] | ||
|{{ |
|{{flag|Côte d'Ivoire}} | ||
|] | |] | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|15 June | |15 June | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|{{flagicon|Palestine}} ] | |''{{flagicon|Palestine}} ]'' | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|8 July | |8 July | ||
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|{{flag|Turkey}} | |{{flag|Turkey}} | ||
|]<ref>Abdullah Gül was previously Prime Minister from 18 November 2002 – 14 March 2003.</ref> | |]<ref>Abdullah Gül was previously Prime Minister from 18 November 2002 – 14 March 2003.</ref> | ||
|- | |||
|7 September | |||
|'']'' | |||
|''{{flag|Nagorno-Karabakh Republic}}'' | |||
⚫ | |'']'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|11 September | |11 September | ||
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|{{flag|Jamaica}} | |{{flag|Jamaica}} | ||
|] | |] | ||
|- | |||
|14 September | |||
|'']'' | |||
|''{{flag|Nagorno-Karabakh Republic}}'' | |||
|'']'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
|17 September | |17 September | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|rowspan="2" |17 February | |rowspan="2" |17 February | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|rowspan="2" |{{flag|Kosovo}} | |rowspan="2" |''{{flag|Kosovo}}'' | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|25 February | |25 February | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|20 May | |20 May | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|{{ |
|''{{flag|Republic of China}}'' | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|25 May | |25 May | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|5 May | |5 May | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|{{flag| |
|''{{flag|Northern Cyprus}}'' | ||
|]: 5 May 2009 – 23 April 2010<br>]: 23 April 2010 – present<ref>Derviş Eroğlu was previously ] from 16 August 1996 – 13 January 2004 and 19 July 1985 – 1 January 1994.</ref> | |'']'': 5 May 2009 – 23 April 2010<br>'']'': 23 April 2010 – present<ref>Derviş Eroğlu was previously ] from 16 August 1996 – 13 January 2004 and 19 July 1985 – 1 January 1994.</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|8 May | |8 May | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|5 August | |5 August | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|{{flag|South Ossetia}} | |''{{flag|South Ossetia}}'' | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|2 September | |2 September | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|10 September | |10 September | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|{{ |
|''{{flag|Republic of China}}'' | ||
|] | |'']'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|<small>11 September</small> | |<small>11 September</small> | ||
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|<small>3 December</small> | |<small>3 December</small> | ||
|<small>]</small> | |<small>]</small> | ||
|<small>{{ |
|<small>{{flag|Guinea}}</small> | ||
|<small>]</small> | |<small>]</small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|rowspan="2" |26 January | |rowspan="2" |26 January | ||
|] | |] | ||
|{{ |
|{{flag|Guinea}} | ||
|] | |] | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|23 April | |23 April | ||
|<small>] | |<small>'']'' | ||
|<small>{{flag| |
|<small>''{{flag|Northern Cyprus}}'' | ||
|<small>] | |<small>'']'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|8 May | |8 May | ||
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|{{flag|United Kingdom}} | |{{flag|United Kingdom}} | ||
|] | |] | ||
|} | |||
== List of upcoming leaders == | |||
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" | |||
|-bgcolor="#cccccc" | |||
!width=115|Designated | |||
!width=245|Leader | |||
!width=215|State | |||
!width=415|Office | |||
|- | |- | ||
| |
|May | ||
|'']'' | |'']'' | ||
|''{{flag|Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus}}'' | |''{{flag|Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus}}'' | ||
|'']'' | |'']'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| |
|28 May | ||
| |
|] | ||
| |
|{{flag|Hungary}} | ||
| |
|]''<ref>Orbán was previously ] from 6 July 1998 – 27 May 2002.</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| |
|30 June | ||
| |
|] | ||
| |
|{{flag|Philippines}} | ||
| |
|] | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 00:24, 19 May 2010
This is a list of state leaders by date, showing current Heads of State and Heads of Government where different, ordered by the date they assumed the office.
States where Head of State differs from Head of Government are mainly parliamentary systems. Often a leader holds both positions in presidential systems or dictatorships. Some states have semi-presidential systems where the Head of Government role is fulfilled by both the listed Head of Government and the Head of State.
Kings and other sovereigns usually do not have or do not use a family name. European monarchs have their regnal name followed by a number. This custom can be used to a certain extent only for non-European monarchs who are not the first of their regnal name.
The list contains 365 current leaders and 3 upcoming leaders.
List of state leaders by date of assuming office
Prior to 1970
Assumed Office | Leader | State | Office |
---|---|---|---|
9 June 1946 | Bhumibol Adulyadej | Thailand | King |
6 February 1952 | Elizabeth II | Australia | Queen |
Canada | Queen | ||
New Zealand | Queen | ||
United Kingdom | Queen | ||
6 August 1962 | Jamaica | Queen | |
30 November 1966 | Barbados | Queen | |
10 July 1973 | Bahamas | Queen | |
7 February 1974 | Grenada | Queen | |
16 September 1975 | Papua New Guinea | Queen | |
7 July 1978 | Solomon Islands | Queen | |
1 October 1978 | Tuvalu | Queen | |
22 February 1979 | Saint Lucia | Queen | |
27 October 1979 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Queen | |
21 September 1981 | Belize | Queen | |
1 November 1981 | Antigua and Barbuda | Queen | |
19 September 1983 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | Queen | |
1 September 1969 | Muammar al-Gaddafi | Libya | Leader and Guide of the Revolution: 1 September 1969 – present Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council: 8 September 1969 – 1 March 1979 Prime Minister: 16 January 1970 – 16 July 1972 Secretary of the General People's Congress: 1 March 1977 – 1 March 1979 |
1970 – 1979
Assumed Office | Leader | State | Office |
---|---|---|---|
23 July 1970 | Qaboos | Oman | Sultan |
16 August 1971 | Khalifah ibn Sulman Al Khalifah | Bahrain | Prime Minister |
14 January 1972 | Margrethe II | Denmark | Queen |
15 September 1973 | Carl XVI Gustaf | Sweden | King |
30 June 1975 | Paul Biya | Cameroon | Prime Minister: 30 June 1975 – 6 November 1982 President: 6 November 1982 – present |
22 November 1975 | Juan Carlos | Spain | King |
30 August 1976 | Mohamed Abdelaziz | Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | President |
18 July 1978 | Ali Abdullah Saleh | Yemen | President of North Yemen: 18 July 1978 – 22 May 1990 President of Yemen: 22 May 1990 – present |
3 August 1979 | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | Equatorial Guinea | Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council: 3 August 1979 – 25 August 1979 Chairman of the Supreme Military Council: 25 August 1979 – 12 October 1982 President: 12 October 1982 – present |
10 September 1979 | José Eduardo dos Santos | Angola | Acting President: 10 September 1979 – 21 September 1979 President: 21 September 1979 – present |
1980 – 1989
Assumed Office | Leader | State | Office |
---|---|---|---|
18 April 1980 | Robert Mugabe | Zimbabwe | Prime Minister: 18 April 1980 – 31 December 1987 President: 31 December 1987 – present |
30 April 1980 | Beatrix | Netherlands | Queen |
2 October 1981 | Ali Khamenei | Iran | President: 2 October 1981 – 2 August 1989 Supreme Leader: 4 June 1989 – present |
7 October 1981 | Hosni Mubarak | Egypt | Prime Minister: 7 October 1981 – 2 January 1982 President: 14 October 1981 – present |
1 January 1984 | Hassanal Bolkiah | Brunei | Sultan |
26 August 1984 | Hans-Adam II | Liechtenstein | Prince-regent: 26 August 1984 – 13 November 1989 Prince: 13 November 1989 – present |
26 January 1986 | Yoweri Museveni | Uganda | President |
25 April 1986 | Mswati III | Swaziland | King |
2 October 1987 | Zine El Abidine Ben Ali | Tunisia | Prime Minister: 2 October 1987 – 7 November 1987 President: 7 November 1987 – present |
15 October 1987 | Blaise Compaoré | Burkina Faso | President |
7 January 1989 | Akihito | Japan | Emperor |
30 June 1989 | Omar al-Bashir | Sudan | President of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation: 30 June 1989 – 16 October 1993 President: 16 October 1993 – present |
1990 – 1994
1995 – 1999
2000 – 2002
2003 – 2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
List of upcoming leaders
Designated | Leader | State | Office |
---|---|---|---|
May | Irsen Küçük | Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus | Prime Minister-designate |
28 May | Viktor Orbán | Hungary | Prime Minister-designate |
30 June | Noynoy Aquino | Philippines | President-elect |
Notes
- Rangsit was Prince-Regent from 16 June 1946 – 5 May 1950 and Sirikit was Queen-Regent from 22 October 1956 – 7 December 1956.
- Elizabeth II was previously Queen of Ceylon from 6 February 1952 – 22 May 1972, Queen of Pakistan from 6 February 1952 – 23 March 1956, Queen of South Africa from 6 February 1952 – 31 May 1961, Queen of Ghana from 6 March 1957 – 28 April 1960, Queen of Nigeria from 1 October 1960 – 1 October 1963, Queen of Sierra Leone from 27 April 1961 – 19 April 1971, Queen of Tanganyika from 9 December 1961 – 9 June 1962, Queen of Trinidad and Tobago from 31 August 1962 – 1 August 1976, Queen of Uganda from 9 October 1962 – 1 September 1967, Queen of Kenya from 12 December 1963 – 12 December 1964, Queen of Malawi from 6 July 1964 – 6 July 1966, Queen of Malta from 21 September 1964 – 13 December 1974, Queen of Gambia from 18 February 1965 – 24 April 1970, Queen of Guyana from 26 May 1966 – 23 February 1972, Queen of Mauritius from 12 March 1968 – 12 March 1992 and Queen of Fiji from 10 October 1970 – 15 October 1987.
- ^ The Governors General of each Commonwealth realm, with the exception of the United Kingdom, represent Elizabeth II.
- Juan Carlos was previously Prince-Regent from 19 July 1974 – 2 September 1974 and 30 October 1975 – 20 November 1975.
- ^ Alois is the Prince-Regent for Hans-Adam II.
- Akihito is not his regnal name. According to Japanese customs, his regnal name will be Heisei after his death.
- Haakon was Prince-Regent from 25 November 2003 – 13 April 2004 and 29 March 2005 – 7 June 2005.
- ^ The Representatives of Andorra each represent their respective Prince. Nemesi Marqués Oste represents Joan Enric Vives Sicília and Christian Frémont represents Nicolas Sarkozy.
- The late Kim Il-sung has been designated "Eternal President of North Korea" and the post of President has not been filled since his death on 8 July 1994. The office of the Chairman of the National Defence Commission was declared "the highest post of the state" on 5 September 1998.
- ^ The Swiss Federal Council is a collective seven-member Head of State. The President of Switzerland serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
- Letsie III was previously King from 12 November 1990 – 25 January 1995.
- Denis Sassou Nguesso was previously President from 8 February 1979 – 31 August 1992.
- Hun Sen was previously Prime Minister from 1 May 1989 – 21 September 1993 and Prime Minister of Kampuchea from 14 January 1985 – 1 May 1989.
- Sam Hinds previously was Prime Minister from 9 October 1992 – 17 March 1997 and 22 December 1997 – 9 August 1999 and President from 6 March 1997 – 19 December 1997.
- Ronald Venetiaan was previously President from 16 September 1991 – 15 September 1996.
- Pedro Pires was previously Prime Minister from 8 July 1975 – 4 April 1991.
- Patrick Manning was previously Prime Minister from 17 December 1991 – 9 November 1995.
- Hugo Chávez was previously President from 2 February 1999 – 11 April 2002.
- Amadou Toumani Touré was previously Chairman of the National Reconciliation Council from 26 March 1991 – 31 March 1991 and Chairman of the Transitional Committee for the Salvation of the People from 31 March 1991 – 8 June 1992.
- Michael Somare was previously Prime Minister from 16 September 1975 – 11 March 1980 and from 2 August 1982 – 21 November 1985.
- Václav Klaus was previously Prime Minister from 1 January 1993 – 17 December 1997 and Acting President from 1 January 1993 – 2 February 1993.
- Fradique de Menezes was previously President from 3 September 2001 – 16 July 2003.
- Artur Rasizade was Acting Prime Minister from 6 August 2003 – 4 November 2003.
- Artur Rasizade was previously Prime Minister from 20 July 1996 – 4 August 2003.
- Anerood Jugnauth was previously Prime Minister from 12 March 1982 – 22 December 1995 and 17 September 2000 – 30 September 2003.
- Ivan Gašparovič was previously Acting President from 2 March 1998 – 30 October 1998.
- Leonel Fernández was previously President from 16 August 1996 – 16 August 2000.
- Nicolae Văcăroiu was Acting President from 20 April 2007 – 23 May 2007.
- Mahmoud Abbas was previously Prime Minister from 19 March 2003 – 6 September 2003.
- Armando Guebuza was previously a member of the Acting Political Bureau of the Central Committee from 19 October 1986 – 6 November 1986.
- Sergei Bagapsh was previously Prime Minister from 29 April 1997 – 20 December 1999.
- ^ The Presidency Council of Iraq is a collective head of state, although Iraq will change to the usual form of having just the President as head of state after the 2009 election.
- Faure Gnassingbé was previously President from 5 February 2005 – 25 February 2005.
- Navin Ramgoolam was previously Prime Minister from 22 December 1995 – 17 September 2000.
- Abdullah was previously Prince-Regent from 1 January 1996 – 21 February 1996.
- Sali Berisha was previously President from 9 April 1992 – 24 July 1997.
- Jens Stoltenberg was previously Prime Minister from 17 March 2000 – 19 October 2001.
- Aníbal Cavaco Silva was previously Prime Minister from 6 November 1985 – 28 October 1995.
- René Préval was previously Prime Minister from 13 February 1991 – 30 September 1991 and President from 7 February 1996 – 7 February 2001.
- Vicente Guterres was Acting President from 11 February 2008 – 13 February 2008 and Fernando de Araújo was Acting President from 13 February 2008 – 17 April 2008 .
- Alan García was previously President from 28 July 1985 – 28 July 1990.
- ^ In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Presidency is a Tripartite council, with the Chairman of the Presidency rotating every eight months.
- Frank Bainimarama was previously President of the Interim Military Government from 29 May 2000 – 13 July 2000.
- Mizan Zainal Abidin was previously Prince-Regent from 8 October 2001 – 13 December 2001.
- Daniel Ortega was previously a member of the Government Junta of National Reconstruction from 18 July 1979 – 4 March 1981 and the Coordinator of the Government Junta of National Reconstruction from 4 March 1981 – 10 January 1985; he was previously President from 10 January 1985 – 25 April 1990.
- Hubert Ingraham was previously Prime Minister from 21 August 1992 – 3 May 2002.
- Tufuga Efi was previously Prime Minister from 24 March 1976 – 13 April 1982 and 18 September 1982 – 31 December 1982.
- Shimon Peres was previously Acting Prime Minister from 22 April 1977 – 21 June 1977 and Prime Minister from 14 September 1984 – 20 October 1986 and 4 November 1995 – 18 June 1996.
- Xanana Gusmão was previously President from 20 May 2002 – 20 May 2007.
- Abdullah Gül was previously Prime Minister from 18 November 2002 – 14 March 2003.
- Mikheil Saakashvili was previously President from 25 January 2004 – 25 November 2007.
- Milo Đukanović was previously Prime Minister from 5 June 2006 – 10 November 2006.
- Jigme Thinley was previously Prime Minister from 20 July 1998 – 9 July 1999 and 30 August 2003 – 18 August 2004.
- Silvio Berlusconi was previously Prime Minister from 27 April 1994 – 17 January 1995 and 11 June 2001 – 17 May 2006.
- Ahmed Ouyahia was previously Prime Minister from 31 December 1995 – 15 December 1998 and 5 May 2003 – 24 May 2006.
- Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini was previously Prime Minister from 26 July 1996 – 29 September 2003.
- Andrius Kubilius was previously Prime Minister from 3 November 1999 – 9 November 2000.
- Carlos Gomes was previously Prime Minister from 10 May 2004 – 2 November 2005.
- Hasina Wazed was previously Prime Minister from 23 June 1996 – 15 July 2001.
- Netanyahu was previously Prime Minister from 18 June 1996 – 6 July 1999.
- Derviş Eroğlu was previously Prime Minister from 16 August 1996 – 13 January 2004 and 19 July 1985 – 1 January 1994.
- Elbegdorj was previously Prime Minister from 23 April 1998 – 9 December 1998 and 20 August 2004 – 13 January 2006.
- Abdel Aziz was previously President of the High Council of State from 6 August 2008 – 15 April 2009.
- Sanhá was previously Acting President of from 14 May 1999 – 17 February 2000.
- Leterme was previously Prime Minister from 20 March 2008 – 30 December 2008.
- Vohor was previously Prime Minister from 21 December 1995 – 23 February 1996, 30 September 1996 – 30 March 1998 and 29 July 2004 – 11 December 2004.
- Yanukovych was previously Prime Minister from 21 November 2002 – 7 December 2004, 28 December 2004 – 5 January 2005 and 4 August 2006 – 18 December 2007.
- Azarov was previously Acting Prime Minister from 7 December 2004 – 28 December 2004 and 5 January 2005 – 24 January 2005.
- Orbán was previously Prime Minister from 6 July 1998 – 27 May 2002.
See also
- List of current heads of state and government
- List of current foreign ministers
- List of national legislatures
- Lists of office-holders
- List of political parties
- List of women heads of state
- State leaders by year
- Lists of state leaders
- List of heads of state by diplomatic precedence
External links
- Rulers.org List of rulers throughout time and places