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| ]'''Finnskogen''' (" |
]'''Finnskogen''' ("Forest of the Finns") is an area of ] situated in the county of ], named so because of immigration of ] in the ], the so-called '']'' ("Forest Finns"). | ||
| The core area of |
The core area of '''Finnskogen''' lies in the eastern part of a ] known as ], on the border with ]. It consists of a forested belt of land, about 32 km (20 miles) wide, running along the border in the municipalities of ], ], ] and ]. It is adjacent to the swedish region with similar finnish immigration, named '']''. There are also similar forested areas in other parts of eastern Norway, most notably '']'' near the city ] and in ] outside ]. | ||
| ==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
Revision as of 08:34, 23 January 2006
Finnskogen ("Forest of the Finns") is an area of Norway situated in the county of Hedmark, named so because of immigration of Finnish people in the 17th century, the so-called Skogfinner ("Forest Finns").
The core area of Finnskogen lies in the eastern part of a small region known as Solør, on the border with Sweden. It consists of a forested belt of land, about 32 km (20 miles) wide, running along the border in the municipalities of Brandval, Grue, Åsnes and Våler. It is adjacent to the swedish region with similar finnish immigration, named Finnskogarna. There are also similar forested areas in other parts of eastern Norway, most notably ] near the city Drammen and in Nordmarka outside Oslo.
Etymology
The Scandinavian placenames Finland, Finnmark, Finnveden and Finnskogen are all thought to be derived from finn, an ancient Germanic word for nomadic "hunter-gatherers" (as opposed to sedentary farmers). This would explain the connection between these names and the modern nation called Finns, who were also nomadic or semi-nomadic until the Middle Ages.
History
Finns, or Finnish people, were encouraged to migrate from the Finnish part of the Kingdom of Sweden to Sweden proper, where they were initially well received by the Duke of Södermanland (who became King Karl IX (1604-1611)). At the time, the kingdom of Sweden covered both Sweden and Finland as we know them today. The migrants were settled on crown lands in Värmland and Dalsland to occupy the area immediately adjacent to the border with Denmark-Norway. (Ref: Sawyer)
More were encouraged to come to Sweden during the reign of Gustavus Adolphus (1611 – 1632). (Ref: Stagg & Sawyer)
The local Swedish peasants did not appreciate the immigrants, who lived by slash-burn agriculture (svedjebruk), and tensions led to persecution. In 1636 a Swedish decree evicted all Finns who were not registered as taxpayers, which in practice amounted to an expulsion of most of the Finns. Most moved across the Norwegian border into Solør, forming a colony at Grue. The 1686 census indicates many there were born in Finland, but had been living in Sweden before eventually settling in Norway. (Ref: Stagg)
Their loyalties during the Hannibal War (1643 - 1645) were with Sweden and some were caught spying on Norwegian troops. (Ref: Stagg)
In 1709 General Hausmann so distrusted them that he ordered they all be evacuated from Solør. The bailiff declined to evict them on the basis that they were subsistence farmers and so poor they would have starved if moved from the land they customarily used. (Ref: Stagg)
By the 20th Century the blood had so intermingled that if was probably impossible to find a inhabitants of pure finnish descendance in the Finnskogen. But in Grue, over a quarter of the place names are still Finnish. (Ref: Stagg)
References
- East Norway and its Frontier by Frank Noel Stagg, George Allen & Unwin, Ltd. 1956
- Medieval Scandinavia, by Birgit & Peter Sawyer, University of Minnesota, 1993.
Links
The history of the Finnish culture in the south of Norway
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