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:''This article is about the place in the Middle East. For other uses of the name, see ]''. :''This article is about the place in the Middle East. For other uses of the name, see ]''.
dfbb
Hebron is located 30km south of ]. Its elevation from sea level is about 1000m. Hebron is famous bb founded in the ]. ]. It is mentioned numerous times in the Bible. In particular, a cave near it, called the ] (Arabic: المسجد الإ&#1576gof the ], and the Judahite ] was anointed King of Israel in Hebron and reigned in the city until the capture of ], gg ]. In ], ] of Egypt took over Hebron until ].


In December 1917 and during ], the British occupied Hebron. In 1929, the Jews of the city gfcontrolled by the ], in accordance with Hebron Protocol [http://domino.un.org/gn ancient Jewish quarter.
'''Hebron''' (] {{Audio|ArHebron.ogg|'''الخليل'''}} '''al-Ḫalīl'''; ] {{Audio|He-Hebron.ogg|'''חֶבְרוֹן'''}}, ] '''Ḥevron''', ] '''Ḥeḇrôn''': derived from the word "friend") is a town in the southern ] of around 130,000 ] and 500 ]. It lies 3,050 feet (930 m) above ].

Geographic coordinates : 31°32' N, 35°6' E

Hebron is located 30km south of ]. Its elevation from sea level is about 1000m. Hebron is famous for its ], ]s, ] workshops and ] factories. It is also home of the nationally famous Al-Juneidi factory for dairy products. The old city of Hebron is characterized by its narrow and winding streets, the flat-roofed stone houses, and the old bazaars. It is the home of ] and .

== History ==

Hebron is one of most ancient cities in the ], and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and was an ancient ] royal city. According to archaeological findings it was probably founded in the ]. ]. It is mentioned numerous times in the Bible. In particular, a cave near it, called the ] (Arabic: المسجد الإبراهيمي, or '''masjid al-Ibrahimi'''; Hebrew: מערת המכפלה, or '''me'arat ha-machpela'''), is where Jews believe ], ], ], ], ], and ] are buried. This cave is considered holy by both ] and ], and is the second holiest site in Judaism. Part of the structure is used by the Muslims as a mosque, as Muslims also revere the site as the burial place of Abraham. According to the Bible, after the settlement of the Israelites in the area, Hebron became one of the principle centers of the ], and the Judahite ] was anointed King of Israel in Hebron and reigned in the city until the capture of ], when the capital was moved to that city. It was also one of the six ] ]. ] built the current structure over the Cave of the Patriarchs and ] ] had turned it into a church in the ] which was later destroyed by the ]s.

The Islamic rule of Hebron started in ]. It lasted until the ] occupied Hebron in ]. They called the city Abraham. Then the name changed back to Hebron after their defeat by ] in ]. ] took control of Hebron until ], when it fell under the rule of the ]. In ], ] of Egypt took over Hebron until ].

In December 1917 and during ], the British occupied Hebron. In 1929, the Jews of the city suffered the worst effects of the Arab ], with some 67 Jews massacred and many others wounded by their Muslim neighbors. Hebron remained as a part of the British mandate until ]. In 1949, ] took over the control of Hebron and the rest of the ]; after the ], in June ], Hebron and the rest of the West Bank fell under Israeli control (See ]). Since early ] the city has been divided into two sectors: H1 and H2. H1 part of the town has been controlled by the ], in accordance with Hebron Protocol . After the ] at prayer by ] in ], an international unarmed observer force - the ] (TIPH) was established in order to maintain a buffer between the Palestinian Arab population and Jews residing in the ancient Jewish quarter.


== Population at different times == == Population at different times ==
<!-- this needs expansion to earlier times.'' --> <!-- this needs expansion to earlier times.'' -->


<table border="1" cellpadding="2"> <table border="1" gnf>423</td><td> </td><td>Montefiore census</td></tr>
<tr><th>Year</th><th>Muslims</th><th>Christians</th><th>Jews</th><th>Total</th><th>Source</th></tr>
<tr><th>1538<sup>*</sup></th><td>749 h</td><td>7 h</td><td>20 h</td><td>776 h</td><td>Cohen & Lewis</td></tr>
<tr><th>1837</th><td> </td><td> </td><td>423</td><td> </td><td>Montefiore census</td></tr>
<tr><th>1866</th><td> </td><td> </td><td>497</td><td> </td><td>Montefiore census</td></tr> <tr><th>1866</th><td> </td><td> </td><td>497</td><td> </td><td>Montefiore census</td></tr>
<tr><th>1922</th><td>16,074</td><td>73</td><td>430</td><td>16,577</td><td>Census</td></tr> <tr><th>1922</th><td>16,074</td><td>73</td><td>430</td><td>16,577</td><td>Census</td></tr>
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== Cultural, historical and sporting landmarks == == Cultural, historical and sporting landmarks ==


Adjacent to the municipality building, Hebron archaeological museum has a collection of artifacts from the Cannanite to the Islamic periods. The Oak Of Abraham (Ibrahim), also called Oak of Mambre is an ancient oak tree which marks the place where according to tradition Abraham pitched his tent. It is estimated that this oak is approximately 5000 years old. The Russian Orthodox Church owns the site and the nearby monastery. Adjacent to the municipality building, Hebron archaeological museum has a collection of artifacts from the Cannanite to the Islamic periods. The Oak Of Abraham (Ibrahim), also called Oak of Mambre is an ancient oak tree gnfgSociety].
*

==Languages and accents==
Palestinian Hebronites are known amongst the Levant for their distinguished colloquial Arabic accent. Hebronites speak while stretching their words giving it a long musical sound.

=== Sport clubs ===
*](Shabab El-Khalil).
*](Al-Ahli).
*].
*].

=== Nongovernmental organizations ===
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== See also ==
* ]s (oldest inscription naming the city dates to 700 BC if HBRN=Hebron)
* ]
* ]
* ] (1994 Massacre)
* ]

== External links ==
*
*
* ]'
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* .
* by Dr. Ran HaCohen, ], January 18, 2006

=== People ===
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* . * [http://www.gn
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Revision as of 06:12, 26 January 2006

This article is about the place in the Middle East. For other uses of the name, see Hebron (disambiguation).

dfbb Hebron is located 30km south of Jerusalem. Its elevation from sea level is about 1000m. Hebron is famous bb founded in the 35th century BC. 18th century BC. It is mentioned numerous times in the Bible. In particular, a cave near it, called the Cave of the Patriarchs (Arabic: المسجد الإ&#1576gof the Tribe of Judah, and the Judahite David was anointed King of Israel in Hebron and reigned in the city until the capture of Jerusalem, gg Ottoman Empire. In 1831, Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt took over Hebron until 1840.

In December 1917 and during World War I, the British occupied Hebron. In 1929, the Jews of the city gfcontrolled by the Palestinian Authority, in accordance with Hebron Protocol [http://domino.un.org/gn ancient Jewish quarter.

Population at different times

423
Montefiore census
1866 497 Montefiore census
192216,0747343016,577Census
193117,27511213517,522Census
194424,400150024,550Estimate
196738,203106038,309Census
1997
130,000
N/A
3
N/A
530
N/A
130,533
119,401
Jewish Virtual Library
Census

(1538 statistics: h=households)

Jewish settlement after 1967

IDF soldiers clash with young Palestinians in Hebron, 2000

Following the Six-Day War of 1967, a group of Jews disguised as tourists, led by Rabbi Moshe Levinger, took over the main hotel in Hebron and refused to leave. They later moved to a nearby abandoned army camp and established the settlement of Kiryat Arba. In 1979, Levinger's wife led 30 Jewish women to take over the Daboya Hospital (Beit Hadassah) in central Hebron. Before long this received Israeli government approval and further Jewish enclaves in the city were established with army assistance. This process of expansion of the Jewish presence is continuing and there are now more than 20 Jewish settlements in and around the city. Jews living in these areas and their supporters claim that they are resettling areas where Jews have lived since time immemorial, but the presence of Israeli settlements in these areas is condemned by many foreign governments and the United Nations as a violation of international law.

In 1997, an association comprised of descendants of some pre-1929 Jewish residents of Hebron published a statement dissociating themselves from the present settlers in Hebron, calling them an obstacle to peace. .

Cultural, historical and sporting landmarks

Adjacent to the municipality building, Hebron archaeological museum has a collection of artifacts from the Cannanite to the Islamic periods. The Oak Of Abraham (Ibrahim), also called Oak of Mambre is an ancient oak tree gnfgSociety].