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===Temporary: Dr. Eddy=== ===Temporary: Dr. Eddy===


'''Dr. David M. Eddy''' is an award-winning physician, mathematician, researcher, writer and speaker. He coined the term ']' and made significant advances in the theory and applications of evidence-based guidelines. Eddy is the founder and Chief Medical Officer Emeritus of Archimedes, Inc., a health care modeling organization. '''Dr. David M. Eddy''' is an award-winning physician, mathematician, researcher, writer and speaker. He coined the term "]" and made significant advances in the theory and applications of evidence-based guidelines. Eddy is the founder and Chief Medical Officer Emeritus of Archimedes, Inc., a health care modeling organization.


Eddy developed a model for medical problems that combines ], ], and ] data with advanced ] and computing methods to create a ] that can analyze and answer real-world ] questions. ], founding editor of ], called Eddy, “One of the towering figures in health care today.” The ] of London referred to Eddy as, “One of the most respected minds in medicine.” ], professor of Public and Private Management, Emeritus, at ] and former Assistant Secretary of Defense for Systems Analysis, described Eddy as a “national treasure.” Eddy developed a model for medical problems that combines ], ], and ] data with advanced ] and computing methods to create a ] that can analyze and answer real-world ] questions. ], founding editor of ], called Eddy, “One of the towering figures in health care today.” The ] of London referred to Eddy as, “One of the most respected minds in medicine.” ], professor of Public and Private Management, Emeritus, at ] and former Assistant Secretary of Defense for Systems Analysis, described Eddy as a “national treasure.”

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Temporary: Dr. Eddy

Dr. David M. Eddy is an award-winning physician, mathematician, researcher, writer and speaker. He coined the term "Evidence-based" and made significant advances in the theory and applications of evidence-based guidelines. Eddy is the founder and Chief Medical Officer Emeritus of Archimedes, Inc., a health care modeling organization.

Eddy developed a model for medical problems that combines biological, medical, and economic data with advanced mathematics and computing methods to create a simulation that can analyze and answer real-world health care questions. John K. Iglehart, founding editor of Health Affairs, called Eddy, “One of the towering figures in health care today.” The Financial Times of London referred to Eddy as, “One of the most respected minds in medicine.” Alain C. Enthoven, professor of Public and Private Management, Emeritus, at Stanford Graduate School of Business and former Assistant Secretary of Defense for Systems Analysis, described Eddy as a “national treasure.”

Among Eddy’s awards are the Frederick W. Lanchester Prize for the best contribution to operations research and management science and the Distinguished Achievement Award from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the Institute for Quality in Laboratory Medicine. In 1990, he was named “One of the Ten Most Important People in Managed Care” by Managed Healthcare Magazine.

Career

David Eddy, MD, PhD, has been an advocate of evidence-based decision making in medicine for more than 25 years. Trained as a surgeon, he went on to study mathematics with the goal of applying a structured, analytical approach to the practice of medicine. He is one of the pioneers of medical predictive modeling, which uses math tools, computers, and biological and medical data to help improve health care decision-making. His applications combine predictive modeling and decision support in order to spot at-risk patients and potentially help them avoid diseases, resulting in both better health and cost savings. Savings also can be realized through the ability of these applications to indentify less expensive treatment options.

Since 1993, Eddy has worked with Leonard Schlessinger, PhD, to create the Archimedes model, a virtual health care model that enables individuals and organizations to ask questions, supply data, and learn what the outcomes of various decisions would be. Such modeling is now common in communications, transportation, energy, and finance, but it had not been used to a great degree in health care due to the complexities involved in modeling biology. The Archimedes model is now being used by health plans, pharmaceutical companies, and governmental agencies to address issues relating to new tests and treatments, guidelines, performance, incentives, and financing. It is also being applied to guide individual patient care. Eddy has stated, “We may be breaking ground in medicine, but we’re not breaking ground in modeling. Models will play a larger and larger role in medicine. We’ve now shown that it’s possible.”

Biography

Dr. David Eddy was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut and raised in Southport, Connecticut. He currently resides with his wife in Aspen, Colorado.

He received a BA in History from Stanford University in 1964, an MD from the in 1968, and a PhD in Engineering-Economic Systems (Operations Research/Management Science) from Stanford University in 1978.

In addition to his work with Archimedes, Inc., Eddy has been a Senior Advisor for Kaiser Permanente; Chief Scientist for Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association's Technology Evaluation and Coverage (TEC) Program; Director at the World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center for Research in Cancer Policy; and a professor of Health Policy and Management at Duke University.

Eddy has served on the board of directors of Consumers Union and the National Committee for Quality Assurance, as well as on National Academy of Science's National Board of Mathematics, the World Health Organization’s Expert Advisory Panel on Cancer, and the Blue Cross Blue Shield Medical Advisory Panel.

Published works

Academic books (authored or coauthored)

  • Screening for Cancer: Theory, Analysis and Design (1980). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
  • The Statistical Synthesis of Evidence: Meta-Analysis by the Confidence Profile Method (1992), with Hasselblad, V. and Shackter, R. Boston: Academic Press.
  • A Manual for Assessing Health Practices and Designing Practice Policie (1992). Philadelphia: American College of Physicians.
  • Clinical Decision Making. From Theory to Practice (1996). Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

Selected academic articles

  • (1980) "Guidelines for the Cancer-Related Checkup. Recommendations and Rationale." Ca-A Cancer Journal for Clinicians; 30:193-240.
  • (1982) "Clinical Policies and the Quality of Clinical Practice." New England Journal of Medicine; 307:343-347.
  • (1982) "Probabilistic Reasoning in Clinical Medicine: Problems and Opportunities." Chapter in Kahneman, D. Slovic, P. and Tversky, A. (Eds), "Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases." New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • (1984) "Variations in Physician Practice. The Role of Uncertainty." Health Affairs; 3:74-89.
  • (1987) "The Frequency of Cervical Cancer Screening. Comparison of a Mathematical Model with Empirical Data." Cancer; 60:1117-1122.
  • (1988) "The Quality of Medical Evidence: Implications for Quality of Care." Health Affairs; Spring, 7(1): 19-32.
  • (1990) "Practice Policies: Where Do They Come From?" Journal of the American Medical Association; 263:1265, 1269, 1272, 1275.
  • (1990) "A Bayesian Method for Synthesizing Evidence: The Confidence Profile Method." (with Hasselblad, V. and Shachter, R.) International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care; 6:31-55.
  • (1990) "What Do We Do About Costs?" Journal of the American Medical Association; 264:1161, 1165, 1169-1170.
  • (1990) "Connecting Value and Cost: Whom Do We Ask and What Do We Ask Them?"; Journal of the American Medical Association; 264:1737-1739.
  • (1991) "Rationing by Patient Choice." Journal of the American Medical Association; 265:105-108.
  • (1991) "The Individual vs. Society: Is There a Conflict?" Journal of the American Medical Association; 265:1446, 1449-1450 and 265:2399-2401, 2405-2405.
  • (1992) "High-Dose Chemotherapy with Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation for the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology; 10:657-670.
  • (1994) "A Conversation With My Mother." Journal of the American Medical Association; 272:179-181.
  • (1994) "Health System Reform. Will Controlling Costs Require Rationing Services?" Journal of the American Medical Association; 272 324-328.
  • (1997) "Investigational Treatments. How Strict Should We Be?" Journal of the American Medical Association; 278: 179-185.
  • (2002) "Archimedes: a new model for simulating health care systems: the mathematical formulation."; (with Schlessinger, L.) Journal of Biomedical Informatics; Feb; 35: 37-50.
  • (2003) “Archimedes: a trial-validated model of diabetes.”; (with Schlessinger, L.) Diabetes Care; Nov; 26(11):3093-101.
  • (2003) “Validation of the Archimedes diabetes model.” (with Schlessinger, L.) Diabetes Care; Nov; 26(11):3102-10.
  • (2005) “Evidence Based Medicine: a Unified Approach”; Health Affairs; 24: 9-18.