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Some conditions, such as ], can be considered both neuromuscular and musculoskeletal. |
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Some conditions, such as ], can be considered both neuromuscular and musculoskeletal. |
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==Classes== |
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Because myopathy is such a general term, there are several classes of myopathy.... (] codes are provided where available.) |
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===Congenital=== |
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* (G71.0) ] (or ]) are a subgroup of myopathies characterized by muscle degeneration and regeneration. Clinically, muscular dystrophies are typically progressive, because the muscles' ability to regenerate is eventually lost, leading to progressive weakness, often leading to use of a ], and eventually death, usually related to ] weakness. |
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* (G71.1) ] |
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** ] |
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* (G71.2) The ] do not show evidence for either a progressive dystrophic process (i.e., muscle death) or inflammation, but instead characteristic microscopic changes are seen in association with reduced contractile ability of the muscles. Among others, different congenital myopathies include: |
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** (G71.2) ] (characterized by presence of "nemaline rods" in the muscle), |
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** (G71.2) ] (characterized by multiple small "cores" or areas of disruption in the muscle fibers), |
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** (G71.2) ] (or ]) (in which the ] are abnormally found in the center of the muscle fibers) is a rare muscle ] disorder. |
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* (G71.3) ] are due to defects in ], which provide a critical source of energy for muscle. |
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* (G72.3) ] |
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* (G72.4) ] are caused by problems with the immune system attacking components of the muscle, leading to signs of ] in the muscle. |
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* (G73.6) ] result from defects in biochemical metabolism that primarily affect muscle |
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** (G73.6/E74.0) ]s may affect muscle |
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** (G73.6/E75) ] |
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===Acquired=== |
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* (M33.0-M33.1) |
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**] is the same as polymyositis, but also shows skin changes - a violaceous periorbital rash, facial erythema, blue or red patches on the knuckles, ragged nail folds and dilated nail capillaries. (M33.2) |
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**] which has tender, weak muscles, a mild normocytic anaemia, raised creatine kinase and inflammatory markers and shows short polyphasic action potentials on EMG. It is treated by immunosuppressants like corticosteroids or azathioprine. |
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**], and related myopathies |
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* (M61) ] |
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* (M62.89) ] and (R82.1) ]s |
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* ] myopathy, can result due to the ] abuse. Impaired ] signaling is one mechanism which is believed to be involved.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ronis | first1 = MJ. | last2 = Wands | first2 = JR. | last3 = Badger | first3 = TM. | last4 = de la Monte | first4 = SM. | last5 = Lang | first5 = CH. | last6 = Calissendorff | first6 = J. | title = Alcohol-induced disruption of endocrine signaling. | journal = Alcohol Clin Exp Res | volume = 31 | issue = 8 | pages = 1269–85 | month = Aug | year = 2007 | doi = 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00436.x | PMID = 17559547 }}</ref> |
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* Can be caused by '''STATINS'''| Citation: |
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==Symptoms== |
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==Symptoms== |
Because different types of myopathies are caused by many different pathways, there is no single treatment for myopathy. Treatments range from treatment of the symptoms to very specific cause-targeting treatments. Drug therapy, physical therapy, bracing for support, surgery, and even acupuncture are current treatments for a variety of myopathies.
