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| During the ] American merchant ships often became the target of French ]s who seized them in large quantities. In an effort to stem these depredations against American shipping several ] warships were dispatched to hunt down French privateers. One such vessel was the the {{USS|Enterprise|1799|6}}, American naval ] under the command of Lieutenant John Shaw. ''Enterprise'' had been sent out to the ] in March 1800 with orders to cruise against French shipping in the region. ''Enterprise'' had already previously engaged and defeated several French ]s when on the night of 24 October she sighted the privateer ''Flambeau'' off the leeward side of ].<ref name="Cooper, 112">{{Harvnb|Cooper|1844|p=112}}</ref> | During the ] American merchant ships often became the target of French ]s who seized them in large quantities. In an effort to stem these depredations against American shipping several ] warships were dispatched to hunt down French privateers. One such vessel was the the {{USS|Enterprise|1799|6}}, American naval ] under the command of Lieutenant John Shaw. ''Enterprise'' had been sent out to the ] in March 1800 with orders to cruise against French shipping in the region. ''Enterprise'' had already previously engaged and defeated several French ]s when on the night of 24 October she sighted the privateer ''Flambeau'' off the leeward side of ].<ref name="Cooper, 112">{{Harvnb|Cooper|1844|p=112}}</ref> | ||
| The French ] ''Flambeau'' was a ] that was slightly more powerful than ''Enterprise'', having twelve eight-pound ] as compared to the American schooner's dozen six-pounders. The French privateer also had more crew than the American vessel, 110 opposed to ''Enterprise' |
The French ] ''Flambeau'' was a ] that was slightly more powerful than ''Enterprise'', having twelve eight-pound ] as compared to the American schooner's dozen six-pounders. The French privateer also had more crew than the American vessel, 110 opposed to ''Enterprise''{{'}}s 83.<ref name="Cooper, 112"/> With a broadside of 48 pounds to ''Enterprise''{{'}}s 36 pounds and with a larger crew, ''Flambeau'' had an advantage over ''Enterprise''.<ref name="Cooper, 112"/> Nonetheless, Shaw decided to engage ''Flambeau''. ''Enterprise'' could not catch up to ''Flambeau'' but when morning came ''Flambeau'' found herself becalmed. Her captain then used sweeps to close with ''Enterprise''.<ref>{{Harvnb|Peterson|1860|p=164}}</ref> | ||
| ==Action== | ==Action== | ||
Revision as of 22:44, 7 January 2011
| USS Enterprise vs Flambeau | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Quasi-War | |||||||
 The USS Enterprise engaging the French privateer Flambeau | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 United States |
 France | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Lieutenant John Shaw | unknown | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
|
1 Schooner 83 Crew |
1 Brig 110 Crew | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
|
3 killed 7 wounded |
7 killed 33 wounded 1 Brig captured | ||||||
| Quasi-War | |
|---|---|
The USS Enterprise vs Flambeau was a single ship action fought in October of 1800 during the Quasi-War. During the action the USS Enterprise defeated the French privateer brig Flambeau off the leeward side of the island of Domicica in the Caribbean Sea. Although the Enterprise was outgunned by the Flambeau she was still able to take her as a prize after a short battle. The battle helped bring to fame the Enterprise's commanding officer, Lieutenant John Shaw, who added the capture of Flambeau to his already long list of French prizes.
Background
During the Quasi-War American merchant ships often became the target of French privateers who seized them in large quantities. In an effort to stem these depredations against American shipping several United States Navy warships were dispatched to hunt down French privateers. One such vessel was the the USS Enterprise, American naval schooner under the command of Lieutenant John Shaw. Enterprise had been sent out to the Caribbean Sea in March 1800 with orders to cruise against French shipping in the region. Enterprise had already previously engaged and defeated several French privateers when on the night of 24 October she sighted the privateer Flambeau off the leeward side of Dominica.
The French letter of marque Flambeau was a brig that was slightly more powerful than Enterprise, having twelve eight-pound cannon as compared to the American schooner's dozen six-pounders. The French privateer also had more crew than the American vessel, 110 opposed to Enterprise's 83. With a broadside of 48 pounds to Enterprise's 36 pounds and with a larger crew, Flambeau had an advantage over Enterprise. Nonetheless, Shaw decided to engage Flambeau. Enterprise could not catch up to Flambeau but when morning came Flambeau found herself becalmed. Her captain then used sweeps to close with Enterprise.
Action
Eventually a wind came and the two ships managed to maneuver towards each other until they were within musket range. After engaging with small arms for a while, Lieutenant Shaw eventually veered his schooner away and the Flambeau opened up on the Americans with a broadside of roundshot. The Enterprise replied with her own broadside and the two vessels engaged each other with cannon for twenty minutes. The Flambeau was beginning to receive heavy damage when her captain decided to disengage and maneuvered away from the Enterprise. However, Enterprise pursued the French brig and continued to engage her.
Flambeau's foretopmast was in danger of being dismasted from damage it had received from Enterprise, so the French captain sent men aloft to try to repair it. However after a sudden gust of wind the mast flew off the ship carrying six French sailors with it. The Enterprise ceased her attacks upon the Flambeau and sent out a boat to rescue the French sailors adrift on the topmast. After rescuing the French topmen, the Enterprise caught up with the French brig and came alongside. Before the action could continue the French captain struck her colours as Flambeau's medicine chest had been destroyed and the hull compromised multiple times.
Aftermath
The entire action lasted about forty minutes. The French were much worse off than the Americans in terms of casualties, with 7 Frenchmen killed and 33 wounded compaired to 3 Americans killed and 7 wounded. A prize crew from Enterprise was sent aboard the Flambeau and sailed her to Saint Kitts where she was condemned. The proceeds from the sale of the Flambeau were adjudicated to the crew of the Enterprise.
The capture of Flambeau brought further acclaim to Shaw, who had already defeated several other French privateers and taken them as prizes. Enterprise continued her cruise, next chasing down and capturing the Pauline and later the Guadaloupeenne. Shortly afterward, chronic illness forced Shaw to transfer command of the vessel to Lieutenant Andrew Sterett. Sterret continued to cruise the Caribbean, taking several more prizes before returning home. Upon Shaw's return home the president and other public officials personally thanked him for his service. Shaw later continued his naval career, serving with distinction during the War of 1812.
Citations
- Hill 1903, p. 103
- Emmons 1853, p. 52
- Emmons 1853, p. 52
- ^ Cooper 1844, p. 112
- Peterson 1860, p. 164
- ^ Allen 1909, p. 202
- Peterson 1860, p. 165
- Peterson 1860, p. 166
- Peterson 1860, p. 167
- Cooper 1844, pp. 113–114
References
- Allen, Gardner Weld (1909). Our naval war with France. Cornell University Library. ISBN 1112127070.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help); Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Cooper, James Fenimore (1844). "John Shaw". Graham's Magazine. 39. Philadelphia: George R Graham. Retrieved October 31, 2009.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help); Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Emmons, George Foster (1853). The navy of the United States, from the commencement, 1775 to 1853. Washington: Gideon & Co.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help); Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Hill, Frederic Stanhope (1903). Twenty-six Historic Ships. New York and London: G.P. Putnam's Sons.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help); Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Peterson, Charles J. (1860). The American Navy. Philadelphia: James B. Smith & Co.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help); Invalid|ref=harv(help)
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