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Ferrari S.p.A.

File:Ferrari-Logo.svg
Company type	Subsidiary
ISIN	NL0011585146
Industry	Automotive
Founded	1947 (historical 1929)
Founder	Enzo Ferrari
Headquarters	Maranello, Italy
Key people	Luca di Montezemolo, (Chairman) Piero Ferrari, (Vice-President) Amedeo Felisa, (CEO)
Products	Sports cars
Revenue	€ 1,921 million (2008)
Owner	Fiat S.p.A. 85%
Number of employees	2,926 (2007)
Parent	Fiat S.p.A.
Website	Ferrari.com

Ferrari S.p.A. is an Italian sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy. Founded by Enzo Ferrari in 1929, as Scuderia Ferrari, the company sponsored drivers and manufactured race cars before moving into production of street-legal vehicles as Ferrari S.p.A. in 1947. Throughout its history, the company has been noted for its continued participation in racing, especially in Formula One, where it has had great success.

History

Enzo Ferrari never intended to produce road cars when he formed Scuderia Ferrari (literally "Ferrari Stable", and usually used to mean "Team Ferrari", it is correctly pronounced Template:IPA-it) in 1928 as a sponsor for amateur drivers headquartered in Modena. Ferrari prepared, and successfully raced, various drivers in Alfa Romeo cars until 1938, when he was hired by Alfa Romeo to head their motor racing department.

In 1941, Alfa Romeo was confiscated by the Fascist government of Benito Mussolini as part of the Axis Powers' war effort. Enzo Ferrari's division was small enough to be unaffected by this. Because he was prohibited by contract from racing for four years, the Scuderia briefly became Auto Avio Costruzioni Ferrari, which ostensibly produced machine tools and aircraft accessories. Also known as SEFAC (Scuderia Enzo Ferrari Auto Corse), Ferrari did in fact produce one race car, the Tipo 815, in the non-competition period. It was the first actual Ferrari car (it debuted at the 1940 Mille Miglia), but due to World War II it saw little competition. In 1943 the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, where it has remained ever since. The factory was bombed by the Allies in 1944 and rebuilt in 1946, after the war ended, and included a works for road car production. Until Il Commendatore's death, this would remain little more than a source of funding for his first love, racing.

The first Ferrari road car was the 1947 125 S, powered by a 1.5 L V12 engine; Enzo Ferrari reluctantly built and sold his automobiles to fund Scuderia Ferrari.

In 1988, Enzo Ferrari oversaw the launch of the Ferrari F40, the last new Ferrari to be launched before his death later that year, and arguably one of the most famous supercars ever made.

On May 17, 2009 in Maranello, Italy, a 1957 250 Testa Rossa (TR) was auctioned, by RM Auctions and Sotheby's, for $12.1 million — a world record at that time for the most expensive car ever sold at an auction. That record is now held by a Bugatti Atlantic which sold for over $28 million.

Motorsport

For a complete list of Ferrari racing cars, see List of Ferrari competition cars.

Since the company's beginnings, Ferrari has been involved in motorsport, competing in a range of categories including Formula One and sports car racing through its Scuderia Ferrari sporting division as well as supplying cars and engines to other teams and for one make series.

The 1940 AAC 815 was the first racing car to be designed by Enzo Ferrari, although it was not badged as a Ferrari model.

=rate solely on Formula One.

During Ferrari's seasons of the World Sportscars Championship, they also gained more wins at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, with the factory team earning their first in 1954. Another win would come in 1958, followed by five consecutive wins from 1960 to 1964. Luigi Chinetti's North American Racing Team (NART) would take Ferrari's final victory at Le Mans in 1965.

Although Scuderia Ferrari no longer participated in sports cars after 1973, they have occasionally built various successful sports cars for privateers. These include the BB 512 LM in the 1970s, the 333 SP which won the IMSA GT Championship in the 1990s, and currently the F430 GT2 and GT3 which are currently winning championships in their respective classes.

Race cars for other teams

Throughout its history, Ferrari has supplied racing cars to other entrants, aside from its own works Scuderia Ferrari team.

In the 1950s and 60s, Ferrari supplied Formula One cars to a number of private entrants and other teams. One famous example was Tony Vandervell's team, which raced the Thinwall Special modified Ferraris before building their own Vanwall cars. The North American Racing Team's entries in the final three rounds of the 1969 season were the last occasions on which a team other than Scuderia Ferrari entered a World Championship Grand Prix with a Ferrari car.

Ferrari supplied cars complete with V8 engines for the A1 Grand Prix series, from the 2008-09 season. The car was designed by Rory Byrne and is styled to resemble the 2004 Ferrari Formula one car.

The 599 GTB Fiorano and F430 GT are used in GT racing series. The Ferrari Challenge is a one make rac

Road cars

For a complete list, including future and concept car models, see List of Ferrari road cars.

Ferrari's first vehicle was the 125 S sports/racing model. In 1949, the Ferrari 166 Inter, the company's first move into the grand touring market, which continues to make up the bulk of Ferrari sales to the present day.

Several early cars featured bodywork customised by a number of coachbuilders such as Pininfarina, Zagato and Bertone.

The Dino was the first mid-engined Ferrari. This layout would go on to be used in most Ferraris of the 1980s and 1990s. V8 Ferrari models make up well over half of the marque's total production.

For a time, Ferrari built 2+2 versions of its mid-engined V8 cars. Although they looked quite different from their 2-seat counterparts, both the GT4 and Mondial were closely related to the 308 GTB.

The company has also produced front-engined 2+2 cars, culminating in the current 612 Scaglietti and California.

Ferrari entered the mid-engined 12-cylinder fray with the Berlinetta Boxer in 1973. The later Testarossa remains one of the most famous Ferraris.

Concept cars and specials

Ferrari has produced a number of concept cars, such as the Ferrari Mythos. While some of these were quite radical (such as the Ferrari Modulo) and never intended for production, others such as the Ferrari Mythos have shown styling elements which were later incorporated into production models.

The most recent concept car to be produced by Ferrari themselves was the 2010 Ferrari Millechili.

A number of one-off special versions of Ferrari road cars have also been produced, some of which have been commissioned by wealthy owners. One of the examples is the Ferrari P4/5.

The Special Projects program is a collaboration by Ferrari with Italian automobile coachbuilders such as Fioravanti, Pininfarina, and Zagato to build custom cars using selected Ferrari models as a structural base. The first car under this program is the SP1, commissioned by a Japanese business executive. The second is the P540 Superfast Aperta, commissioned by an American enthusiast.

Bio-fuel and hybrid cars

Ferrari has considered making hybrids. A F430 Spider that runs on ethanol was displayed at the 2008 Detroit Auto Show. Ferrari has announced that a hybrid will be in production by 2015. At the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, Ferrari unveiled a hybrid version of their flagship 599. Called the "HY-KERS Concept", Ferrari's hybrid system adds more than 100 horsepower on top of the 599 Fiorano's 612 HP.

with the F430).

Corporate affairs

In 1963, Enzo Ferrari was interested in selling to the Ford Motor Company. Ford spent millions of dollars to audit Ferrari's assets and legal negotiations only to have Ferrari unilaterally cut off tasks at a late stage. If the deal went through Ferrari would not be allowed to race at the Indianapolis 500. Henry Ford II, enraged, directed his racing division to negotiate with Lotus, Lola, and Cooper to build a car capable of beating Ferrari on the world endurance circuit. As a result, production of the Ford GT40 started in 1964 and the car managed to beat Ferrari for 4 years in a row at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, from 1966 to 1969.

In 1969, FIAT purchased controlling interests in Ferrari and Lancia and also made a buy back of 29% in Ferrari for $800m in 2006.

Ferrari also has an internally managed merchandising line that licenses many products bearing the Ferrari brand, including eyewear, pens, pencils, electronic goods, perfume, cologne, clothing, high-tech bicycles, watches, cell phones, and even laptop computers.

Ferrari also runs a museum, the Galleria Ferrari in Maranello, which displays road and race cars and other items from the company's history.

Technical partnerships

Ferrari has had a long standing relationship with Shell Oil. It is a technical partnership with Ferrari and Ducati to test as well as supply fuel and oils to the Formula One, MotoGP and World Superbike racing teams. For example, the Shell V-Power premium gasoline fuel has been developed with the many years of technical expertise between Shell and Ferrari.

Ferrari have had agreements to supply Formula One engines to a number of other teams over the years, and currently supply Scuderia Toro Rosso and Sauber.

Sales history

See also

• List of Ferrari road cars
• List of car brands
• List of companies of Italy
• List of Ferrari engines

Notes

1. "22.01.2009 FIAT GROUP Q4 AND FULL YEAR FINANCIAL REPORT". italiaspeed.com/2009/cars/industry. Retrieved 2009-01-22.
2. "Group Structure". Fiat. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
3. "Annual Report 2007" (PDF). fiatgroup.com. Retrieved 2008-04-08.
4. History of Ferrari In DK Engineering from http://www.dkeng.com/the-company/history-of-ferrari.aspx Retrieved September 14, 2010
5. Wert, Ray (2009-05-18). "$12 Million Ferrari Breaks Auction World Record". jalopnik.com. Retrieved 2009-06-03.
6. Hayhoe, David & Holland, David (2006). Grand Prix Data Book (4th edition). Haynes, Sparkford, UK. ISBN 1-84425-223-X
7. "Ferrari's A1GP Deal". Yahoo Sport. 2007-10-11. Retrieved 2008-03-24.
8. "The Ferrari HY-KERS Bows at Geneva". Automoblog.net.
9. "Ferrari and Shell V-Power". Shell Canada. 2009-01-15. Retrieved 2009-01-20.
10. Fiat Group 1999 Annual Report (PDF)
11. Fiat Group 2000 Annual Report (PDF)
12. Fiat Group 2001 Annual Report (PDF)
13. Fiat Group 2002 Annual Report (PDF)
14. Fiat Group 2003 Annual Report (PDF)
15. Fiat Group 2004 Annual Report (PDF)
16. Fiat Group 2005 Annual Report (PDF)
17. Fiat Group 2006 Annual Report (PDF)
18. Fiat Group 2007 Annual Report (PDF)
19. Fiat Group 2008 Annual Report (PDF)
20. Fiat Group 2009 Annual Report (PDF)

References

• Eric Gustafson, "Cavallino Rampante", Sports Car International (Oct/Nov 2000): 94.

External links

• Ferrari World (official website)
• Ferrari.mobi (official mobile website)
• Template:Dmoz

v t e Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (2014–2021)
Predecessors	Chrysler Fiat S.p.A.
Successor	Stellantis
Marques	Alfa Romeo Chrysler Dodge Fiat Abarth Professional Jeep Lancia Maserati Ram
Subsidiaries	FCA Italy Subsidiaries Fiat Chrysler Australia FCA Canada FCA Heritage FCA Ireland FCA Poland Joint ventures FCA India (50%) Fiat Serbia (67%) Fiat-Sollers GAC FCA (50%) Nanjing Fiat Automobile Sevel (50%) Tofaş (37.8%) FCA US see Chrysler template for a list of marques, divisions and joint ventures Comau Teksid (84.8%)
Facilities	List of assembly sites Lingotto (former) Nardò Ring (former)
People	Andrea Agnelli John Elkann Michael Manley Sergio Marchionne
Category Commons

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• Ferrari
• Car manufacturers of Italy
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