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{{redirect|Khachen|the village in Nagorno-Karabakh|Seyidbəyli}} {{redirect|Khachen|the village in Nagorno-Karabakh|Seyidbəyli}}
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] Vahtangian (1214-1261)]] ] Vahtangian (1214-1261)]]
{{History of Nagorno-Karabakh}} {{History of Nagorno-Karabakh}}
The '''Principality of Khachen''' ({{lang-hy|Խաչենի իշխանություն}}), also known as '''Khamsa''' (meaning ''five'' in ]), was a ] ]n ] in the territory of historical ] (present-day ]).<ref>:"''A few native '''Armenian''' rulers survived for a time in the Kiurikian kingdom of Lori, the Siuniqian kingdom of Baghq or Kapan, and the '''principates of Khachen (Artzakh)''' and Sasun.''"</ref><ref>Howorth, Henry Hoyle (1876). ''History of the Mongols: From the 9th to the 19th Century''Longmans, Green, and Co. p. 14</ref><ref>Russian scholar V. Shnirelman: "Khachen was a medieval Armenian feudal principality in the territory of modern Karabakh, which played a significant role in the political history of Armenia and all the region at X-XVI centuries". // </ref><ref>Russian scholar Smirnova L. P.:"Armenian principality of Khachen in Karabakh" //</ref><ref>"Armenian Khachen", http://www.vostlit.info/Texts/rus8/Dulaf/text/primtext.phtml Абу Дулаф. Вторая записка. Ред. Беляев В., М., Наука. 1960 (Комментарии), in Russian</ref><ref>The New Encyclopedia Britannica by Robert MacHenry, Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc, Robert MacHenry, (1993) p.761</ref><ref></ref> The marches of Artsakh and ] were attached to the ] in ] but in the early medieval period were often under Georgian and Albanian control under ] or ] ].<ref name="Perry">{{cite book The '''Principality of Khachen''' ({{lang-hy|Խաչենի իշխանություն}}), also known as '''Khamsa''' (meaning ''five'' in ]), was a ] ]n ] in the territory of historical ] (present-day ]).<ref>:"''A few native '''Armenian''' rulers survived for a time in the Kiurikian kingdom of Lori, the Siuniqian kingdom of Baghq or Kapan, and the '''principates of Khachen (Artzakh)''' and Sasun.''"</ref><ref>Howorth, Henry Hoyle (1876). ''History of the Mongols: From the 9th to the 19th Century''Longmans, Green, and Co. p. 14</ref><ref>Russian scholar V. Shnirelman: "Khachen was a medieval Armenian feudal principality in the territory of modern Karabakh, which played a significant role in the political history of Armenia and all the region at X-XVI centuries". // </ref><ref>Russian scholar Smirnova L. P.:"Armenian principality of Khachen in Karabakh" //</ref><ref>"Armenian Khachen", http://www.vostlit.info/Texts/rus8/Dulaf/text/primtext.phtml Абу Дулаф. Вторая записка. Ред. Беляев В., М., Наука. 1960 (Комментарии), in Russian</ref><ref>The New Encyclopedia Britannica by Robert MacHenry, Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc, Robert MacHenry, (1993) p.761</ref><ref></ref> The marches of Artsakh and ] were attached to the ] in ] but in the early medieval period were often under Georgian and Albanian control under ] or ] ].<ref name="Perry">{{cite book

Revision as of 00:41, 27 June 2011

"Khachen" redirects here. For the village in Nagorno-Karabakh, see Seyidbəyli.
Principality of Khachen (16th century)
Royal Standard of the Principality of Khachen (Kingdom of Artsakh) during the reign of Grand Prince Hasan Jalal Vahtangian (1214-1261)
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The Principality of Khachen (Template:Lang-hy), also known as Khamsa (meaning five in Arabic), was a medieval Armenian principality in the territory of historical Artsakh (present-day Nagorno-Karabakh). The marches of Artsakh and Utik were attached to the Kingdom of Armenia in Antiquity but in the early medieval period were often under Georgian and Albanian control under Sassanid or Arab suzerainty. From the 12th century the Armenian Khachen principality dominated the region. The Byzantine emperor Constantine VII addressed his letters to the prince of Khachen with the inscription "To Prince of Khachen, Armenia."

According to Abū Dulaf, an Arab traveller of the time, Khachen was an Armenian principality immediately south of Barda'a. The Armenian princely family of Hasan Jalalyan began ruling much of Khachen and Artsakh in 1214. In 1216, the Jalalyans founded the Gandzasar monastery which became the seat of a local Catholicos forced to Khachen from Partav (Barda) by the steady Islamization of the city. The Khamsa (The Five) principalities maintained Armenian autonomy in the region throughout the Persian-Ottoman Wars. In 1603 the Persians established a protectorate over the Khamsa and sponsored the establishment of a local khanate in 1750.

The name Khamsa, which was used by Arabs for the state, refers to the five Armenian Melikdoms who ruled the state.

See also

References

  1. Encyclopædia Britannica. Armenia:"A few native Armenian rulers survived for a time in the Kiurikian kingdom of Lori, the Siuniqian kingdom of Baghq or Kapan, and the principates of Khachen (Artzakh) and Sasun."
  2. Howorth, Henry Hoyle (1876). History of the Mongols: From the 9th to the 19th CenturyLongmans, Green, and Co. p. 14
  3. Russian scholar V. Shnirelman: "Khachen was a medieval Armenian feudal principality in the territory of modern Karabakh, which played a significant role in the political history of Armenia and all the region at X-XVI centuries". // В.А. Шнирельман, Албанский миф, 2006, Библиотека «Вeхи»
  4. Russian scholar Smirnova L. P.:"Armenian principality of Khachen in Karabakh" //Аджаиб ад-дунья. Чудеса мира, ред. Смирнова Л.П., М. Наука. 1993
  5. "Armenian Khachen", http://www.vostlit.info/Texts/rus8/Dulaf/text/primtext.phtml Абу Дулаф. Вторая записка. Ред. Беляев В., М., Наука. 1960 (Комментарии), in Russian
  6. The New Encyclopedia Britannica by Robert MacHenry, Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc, Robert MacHenry, (1993) p.761
  7. Чудеса Мира, Предисловие, стр., 42
  8. ^ Parry, Ken (December 5, 2001). The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 335–336. ISBN 0631232036. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  9. Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus, De ceremoniis aubae byzantinae (Ed. J.P.Migne. Patrologiae cursiis completus, Series Graeco-Latina, 112), p. 248
  10. Abū-Dulaf. Abū-Dulaf Misʻar Ibn Muhalhil's Travels in Iran (circa A.D. 950), Cairo University Press, 1955, p. 74
  11. de Waal, Thomas (2003). Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War. New York: New York University Press. p. 287. ISBN 0-8147-1945-7.
  12. Hacikyan, Agop Jack (2002). The Heritage of Armenian Literature: From the Sixth to the Eighteenth Century. Wayne State University Press. p. 470. ISBN 0814330231. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  13. Cornell, Svante E. (2001). Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus. Routledge (UK). p. 66. ISBN 0700711627.

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