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| NASA psychologists determined during Glenn's training that he was the astronaut best suited for public life. ] ] suggested to Glenn and his wife in December 1962 that he should run against incumbent ] ] of Ohio in the 1964 ] ]. In 1964 Glenn announced that he was resigning from the space program to run against Young, but withdrew when he hit his head on a bathtub. Glenn sustained a concussion and injured his inner ear, and recovery left him unable to campaign.<ref name="raines19831113">{{cite news | title=JOHN GLENN: THE HERO AS CANDIDATE | work=The New York Times | date=1983-11-13 | accessdate=May 14, 2011 | author=Raines, Howell | pages=40}}</ref> Glenn remained close to the Kennedy family and was with Robert Kennedy when he was ] in 1968. | NASA psychologists determined during Glenn's training that he was the astronaut best suited for public life. ] ] suggested to Glenn and his wife in December 1962 that he should run against incumbent ] ] of Ohio in the 1964 ] ]. In 1964 Glenn announced that he was resigning from the space program to run against Young, but withdrew when he hit his head on a bathtub. Glenn sustained a concussion and injured his inner ear, and recovery left him unable to campaign.<ref name="raines19831113">{{cite news | title=JOHN GLENN: THE HERO AS CANDIDATE | work=The New York Times | date=1983-11-13 | accessdate=May 14, 2011 | author=Raines, Howell | pages=40}}</ref> Glenn remained close to the Kennedy family and was with Robert Kennedy when he was ] in 1968. | ||
| In 1970, Glenn was defeated in the primary for nomination for the Senate by fellow Democrat ], |
In 1970, Glenn was narrowly defeated in the Democratic primary for nomination for the Senate by fellow Democrat ], by a 51% to 49% margin. Metzenbaum lost the ] race to ] In 1974, Glenn resisted Ohio governor ] and the Ohio Democratic party's demand that he run for ]. Instead, he challenged Metzenbaum again, whom Gilligan had appointed{{r|raines19831113}} to the Senate to replace ], who had resigned to become ]. | ||
| In the primary race, Metzenbaum contrasted his strong business background with Glenn's military and astronaut credentials, saying his opponent had "never worked for a living." Glenn's reply came to be known as the "Gold Star Mothers" speech. He told Metzenbaum to go to a veterans' hospital and "look those men with mangled bodies in the eyes and tell them they didn't hold a job. You go with me to any Gold Star mother and you look her in the eye and tell her that her son did not hold a job." Many felt the "Gold Star Mothers" speech won the primary for Glenn.<ref name="latimes" /> Glenn won the primary by 54 to 46%. After defeating Metzenbaum, Glenn defeated ], the Republican Mayor of ], in the general election, beginning a Senate career that would continue until 1999. In 1980, Glenn won re-election to the seat, defeating Republican challenger ], by over 40 percent. In 1986, Glenn defeated challenger U.S. Representative ]. Metzenbaum would go on to seek a rematch against Taft in 1976, winning a close race on ]'s coattails. | |||
| In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Glenn and Metzenbaum had strained relations. There was a thaw in 1983 when Metzenbaum endorsed Glenn for president and again in 1988 when Metzenbaum was opposed for re-election by ] ]. Voinovich accused Metzenbaum of being soft on ]. Voinovich's charges were criticized by many, including Glenn who now came to Metzenbaum's aid, recording a statement for television refuting Voinovich's charges. Metzenbaum won the election by 57 to 43%. | |||
| ] ]] | ] ]] | ||
| In 1990, Glenn was inducted into the ]. | In 1990, Glenn was inducted into the ]. | ||
| Glenn was one of the five U. S. Senators caught up in the ] and ] Scandal after accepting a $200,000 contribution from ]. Glenn and Republican Senator ] were the only Senators exonerated. The Senate Commission found that Glenn had exercised "poor judgment." The association of his name with the scandal gave Republicans hope that he would be vulnerable in the 1992 campaign. Instead, Glenn defeated ] ] to keep his seat, though his percentage was reduced to a career low of 51%. This 1992 re-election victory was the last time a Democrat won a statewide race in Ohio until 2006; DeWine later won Metzenbaum's seat upon his retirement. | Glenn was one of the five U. S. Senators caught up in the ] and ] Scandal after accepting a $200,000 contribution from ]. Glenn and Republican Senator ] were the only Senators exonerated. The Senate Commission found that Glenn had exercised "poor judgment." The association of his name with the scandal gave Republicans hope that he would be vulnerable in the 1992 campaign. Instead, Glenn defeated ] ] to keep his seat, though his percentage was reduced to a career low of 51%. This 1992 re-election victory was the last time a Democrat won a statewide race in Ohio until 2006; DeWine later won Metzenbaum's seat upon his retirement. | ||
| In ], Glenn was a candidate for the Democratic vice presidential nomination. However, Glenn's keynote address at the Democratic National Convention failed to impress the delegates and the nomination went to veteran politician ]. Glenn also ran for the ]. A November 1983 ''New York Times''/CBS News poll found him second, supported by 41% of those polled, to Mondale's 49%. Glenn and his staff worried about the late 1983 release of '']'', a film about the original seven Mercury astronauts based on the best-selling ] ]. The book had depicted Glenn as a "zealous moralizer," and he did not attend the film's Washington premiere on October 16, 1983. Reviewers saw ]' portrayal of Glenn as heroic, however, and his staff immediately began to emphasize the film to the press. Aide Greg Schneiders suggested an unusual strategy, similar to Glenn's personal campaign and voting style, in which he would avoid appealing to narrow ]s and instead seek to win support from ordinary Democratic primary voters, the "constituency of the whole."{{r|raines19831113}} Mondale defeated Glenn for the nomination, however, and he was left with $3 million in campaign debt for over 20 years before he was granted a reprieve by the Federal Election Commission.<ref> ''Edward Luce and Stephanie Kirchgaessner'' '''FT.com''' Washington May 9, 2008</ref><ref> ''Michael Luo'' '''The New York Times''' June 10, 2008</ref>. He was a potential vice presidential running mate in 1984, 1988, and 1992. | In ], Glenn was a candidate for the Democratic vice presidential nomination. However, Glenn's keynote address at the Democratic National Convention failed to impress the delegates and the nomination went to veteran politician ]. Glenn also ran for the ]. A November 1983 ''New York Times''/CBS News poll found him second, supported by 41% of those polled, to Mondale's 49%. Glenn and his staff worried about the late 1983 release of '']'', a film about the original seven Mercury astronauts based on the best-selling ] ]. The book had depicted Glenn as a "zealous moralizer," and he did not attend the film's Washington premiere on October 16, 1983. Reviewers saw ]' portrayal of Glenn as heroic, however, and his staff immediately began to emphasize the film to the press. Aide Greg Schneiders suggested an unusual strategy, similar to Glenn's personal campaign and voting style, in which he would avoid appealing to narrow ]s and instead seek to win support from ordinary Democratic primary voters, the "constituency of the whole."{{r|raines19831113}} Mondale defeated Glenn for the nomination, however, and he was left with $3 million in campaign debt for over 20 years before he was granted a reprieve by the Federal Election Commission.<ref> ''Edward Luce and Stephanie Kirchgaessner'' '''FT.com''' Washington May 9, 2008</ref><ref> ''Michael Luo'' '''The New York Times''' June 10, 2008</ref>. He was a potential vice presidential running mate in 1984, 1988, and 1992. | ||
Revision as of 17:16, 18 July 2011
For other people named John Glenn, see John Glenn (disambiguation).| John Herschel Glenn, Jr. | |
|---|---|
 | |
| United States Senator from Ohio | |
| In office December 24, 1974 – January 3, 1999 | |
| Preceded by | Howard Metzenbaum |
| Succeeded by | George Voinovich |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1921-07-18) July 18, 1921 (age 103) Cambridge, Ohio |
| Nationality | American |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Annie Glenn (1943–present) |
| Occupation | Pilot Astronaut Politician |
| Awards | Distinguished Flying Cross (5) Air Medal Presidential Unit Citation Navy Unit Commendation American Campaign Medal Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal World War II Victory Medal China Service Medal Navy Occupation Service Medal National Defense Service Medal Korean Service Medal United Nations Korea Medal ROK Presidential Unit Citation |
| Signature |  |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | United States Navy United States Marine Corps |
| Years of service | 1941–1965 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Unit | VMJ-353 VMF-155 VMF-218 VMF-311 4th Fighter-Interceptor Wing |
| Battles/wars | World War II Korean War |
John Herschel Glenn, Jr. (born July 18, 1921) is a former United States Marine Corps pilot, astronaut and United States senator who was the first American to orbit the Earth and third American in space. Glenn was a Marine Corps fighter pilot before joining NASA's Mercury program as a member of NASA's original astronaut group. He orbited the Earth in Friendship 7 in 1962. After retiring from NASA, he entered politics as a Democrat and represented Ohio in the United States Senate from 1974 to 1999.
Glenn received a Congressional Space Medal of Honor in 1978. He was inducted into the Astronaut Hall of Fame in 1990. On October 29, 1998, he became the oldest person to fly in space, and the only one to fly in both the Mercury and Space Shuttle programs, when at age 77, he flew on Discovery (STS-95). Glenn and M. Scott Carpenter are the last surviving members of the Mercury Seven.
Early life and military career
John Glenn was born in Cambridge, Ohio, to John Herschel Glenn Sr. and Teresa (née Sproat). He was raised in New Concord, Ohio. Glenn studied mathematics at Muskingum College, and received his private pilot's license as physics course credit in 1941. When the attack on Pearl Harbor brought the United States into World War II, he dropped out of college and enlisted in the U.S. Army Air Corps; however, the Army did not call him up, and in March 1942 he enlisted as a United States Navy aviation cadet. He trained at Naval Air Station Olathe, where he made his first solo flight in a military aircraft. In 1943, during advanced training at the Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, he was reassigned to the United States Marine Corps. After completing his training, Glenn was assigned to Marine squadron VMJ-353, flying R4D transport planes. He eventually managed a transfer to VMF-155 as an F4U Corsair pilot, and flew 59 combat missions in the South Pacific. He saw action over the Marshall Islands, where he attacked anti-aircraft batteries and dropped bombs on Maloelap. In 1945, he was assigned to Naval Air Station Patuxent River, Maryland, where he was promoted to captain shortly before the war ended. Glenn flew patrol missions in North China with the VMF-218 squadron, until it was transferred to Guam. He became a flight instructor at Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, Texas, in 1948, then attended the amphibious warfare school and received a staff assignment.
Glenn was next assigned to VMF-311, flying the new F9F Panther jet interceptor. He flew his Panther in 63 combat missions during the Korean War, gaining the dubious nickname "magnet ass" from his apparent ability to attract enemy flak. Twice he returned to base with over 250 flak holes in his aircraft. Glenn flew for a time with Ted Williams, a future hall of fame baseball player for the Boston Red Sox, as his wingman.
Glenn flew a second Korean combat tour on an interservice exchange program with the United States Air Force. He logged 27 missions in the faster F-86F Sabre, and shot down three MiG-15s near the Yalu River in the final days before the cease fire.
Glenn returned to Naval Air Station Patuxent River, appointed to the Test Pilot School (class 12). He served as an armament officer, flying planes to high altitude and testing their cannons and machine guns. On July 16, 1957, Glenn completed the first supersonic transcontinental flight in a Vought F8U-1 Crusader. The flight from NAS Los Alamitos, California, to Floyd Bennett Field, New York, took 3 hours, 23 minutes and 8.4 seconds. As he passed over his hometown, a child in the neighborhood reportedly ran to the Glenn house shouting "Johnny dropped a bomb! Johnny dropped a bomb! Johnny dropped a bomb!" as the sonic boom shook the town. Project Bullet, the name of the mission, included both the first transcontinental flight to average supersonic speed (despite three in-flight refuelings during which speeds dropped below 300 mph), and the first continuous transcontinental panoramic photograph of the United States. Glenn received his fifth Distinguished Flying Cross for the mission.
NASA
| John Herschel Glenn Jr. | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Born | (1921-07-18) July 18, 1921 (age 103) Cambridge, Ohio |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Test pilot |
| Space career | |
| NASA Astronaut | |
| Rank | Colonel, USMC |
| Time in space | 9d 02h 39 m |
| Selection | 1959 NASA Group |
| Missions | Mercury-Atlas 6, STS-95 |
| Mission insignia |   |
In April 1959, despite the fact that Glenn had not earned the required college degree, he was assigned to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as one of the original group of seven astronauts chosen for Project Mercury. During this time, he remained an officer in the United States Marine Corps.
He became the fifth person in space and the first American to orbit the Earth, aboard Friendship 7 on February 20, 1962, on the "Mercury Atlas 6" mission, circling the globe three times during a flight lasting 4 hours, 55 minutes, and 23 seconds. During the mission there was concern over a ground indication that his heat shield had come loose, which could allow it to fail during re-entry through the atmosphere, which would result in his capsule burning up. Flight controllers had Glenn modify his re-entry procedure by keeping his retrorocket pack on over the shield in an attempt to keep it in place. He made his splashdown safely, and afterwards it was determined that the indicator was faulty.
As the first American in orbit, Glenn was celebrated as a national hero, and received a ticker-tape parade reminiscent of that given for Charles Lindbergh. His fame and political attributes were noted by the Kennedys, and he became a personal friend of the Kennedy family.
In July 1962, Glenn testified before the House Space Committee in favor of excluding women from the NASA astronaut program. The impact of such testimony, from so prestigious a national hero, is debatable, but no female astronaut flew on a NASA mission until Sally Ride in 1983, and none piloted a mission until Eileen Collins in 1995, more than thirty years after the hearings.
Glenn resigned from NASA six weeks after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy to run for office in his home state of Ohio. In 1965, Glenn retired as a Colonel from the USMC and entered the business world as an executive for Royal Crown Cola. He reentered politics later on. Some accounts of Glenn's years at NASA suggest that Glenn was prevented from flying in Gemini or Apollo missions, either by President Kennedy, or by NASA management, on the grounds that the subsequent loss of a national hero of such stature would seriously harm or even end the manned space program. Yet Glenn resigned from the astronaut corps on January 30, 1964, well before even the first Gemini crew was assigned.
Three decades later, after serving 24 years in the Senate, Glenn lifted off for a second space flight on October 29, 1998, on Space Shuttle Discovery's STS-95, in order to study the effects of space flight on the elderly. At age 77, Glenn became the oldest person ever to go into space. Glenn's participation in the nine-day mission was criticized by some in the space community as a junket for a politician. Others noted that Glenn's flight offered valuable research on weightlessness and other aspects of space flight on the same person at two points in life thirty-six years apart—by far the longest interval between space flights by the same person—providing information on the effects of spaceflight and weightlessness on the elderly, with an ideal control. Upon the safe return of the STS-95 crew, Glenn (and his crewmates) received another ticker-tape parade, making him the tenth, and latest person to have received multiple ticker-tape parades in a lifetime (as opposed to that of a sports team).
Glenn vehemently opposed the sending of Dennis Tito, the world's first space tourist, to the International Space Station on the grounds that Tito's trip served no scientific purpose.
The NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field in Cleveland, Ohio, is named after him. Also, Senator John Glenn Highway runs along a stretch of I-480 (Ohio) across from the NASA Glenn Research Center. Colonel Glenn Highway, which runs by Wright-Patterson Air Force Base and Wright State University near Dayton, Ohio, and John Glenn High School in his hometown of New Concord, Ohio, and Col. John Glenn Elementary in Seven Hills, Ohio, were named for him as well. High Schools in Westland, Michigan, Bay City, Michigan and Walkerton, Indiana, are also named after him.
Life in politics
NASA psychologists determined during Glenn's training that he was the astronaut best suited for public life. Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy suggested to Glenn and his wife in December 1962 that he should run against incumbent United States Senator Stephen M. Young of Ohio in the 1964 Democratic primary election. In 1964 Glenn announced that he was resigning from the space program to run against Young, but withdrew when he hit his head on a bathtub. Glenn sustained a concussion and injured his inner ear, and recovery left him unable to campaign. Glenn remained close to the Kennedy family and was with Robert Kennedy when he was assassinated in 1968.
In 1970, Glenn was narrowly defeated in the Democratic primary for nomination for the Senate by fellow Democrat Howard Metzenbaum, by a 51% to 49% margin. Metzenbaum lost the general election race to Robert Taft, Jr. In 1974, Glenn resisted Ohio governor John J. Gilligan and the Ohio Democratic party's demand that he run for Lieutenant Governor. Instead, he challenged Metzenbaum again, whom Gilligan had appointed to the Senate to replace William B. Saxbe, who had resigned to become U.S. attorney general.
In the primary race, Metzenbaum contrasted his strong business background with Glenn's military and astronaut credentials, saying his opponent had "never worked for a living." Glenn's reply came to be known as the "Gold Star Mothers" speech. He told Metzenbaum to go to a veterans' hospital and "look those men with mangled bodies in the eyes and tell them they didn't hold a job. You go with me to any Gold Star mother and you look her in the eye and tell her that her son did not hold a job." Many felt the "Gold Star Mothers" speech won the primary for Glenn. Glenn won the primary by 54 to 46%. After defeating Metzenbaum, Glenn defeated Ralph Perk, the Republican Mayor of Cleveland, in the general election, beginning a Senate career that would continue until 1999. In 1980, Glenn won re-election to the seat, defeating Republican challenger Jim Betts, by over 40 percent. In 1986, Glenn defeated challenger U.S. Representative Tom Kindness. Metzenbaum would go on to seek a rematch against Taft in 1976, winning a close race on Jimmy Carter's coattails.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Glenn and Metzenbaum had strained relations. There was a thaw in 1983 when Metzenbaum endorsed Glenn for president and again in 1988 when Metzenbaum was opposed for re-election by Cleveland mayor George Voinovich. Voinovich accused Metzenbaum of being soft on child pornography. Voinovich's charges were criticized by many, including Glenn who now came to Metzenbaum's aid, recording a statement for television refuting Voinovich's charges. Metzenbaum won the election by 57 to 43%.
In 1990, Glenn was inducted into the Astronaut Hall of Fame.
Glenn was one of the five U. S. Senators caught up in the Lincoln Savings and Keating Five Scandal after accepting a $200,000 contribution from Charles Keating. Glenn and Republican Senator John McCain were the only Senators exonerated. The Senate Commission found that Glenn had exercised "poor judgment." The association of his name with the scandal gave Republicans hope that he would be vulnerable in the 1992 campaign. Instead, Glenn defeated Lieutenant Governor Mike DeWine to keep his seat, though his percentage was reduced to a career low of 51%. This 1992 re-election victory was the last time a Democrat won a statewide race in Ohio until 2006; DeWine later won Metzenbaum's seat upon his retirement.
In 1976, Glenn was a candidate for the Democratic vice presidential nomination. However, Glenn's keynote address at the Democratic National Convention failed to impress the delegates and the nomination went to veteran politician Walter Mondale. Glenn also ran for the 1984 Democratic presidential nomination. A November 1983 New York Times/CBS News poll found him second, supported by 41% of those polled, to Mondale's 49%. Glenn and his staff worried about the late 1983 release of The Right Stuff, a film about the original seven Mercury astronauts based on the best-selling Tom Wolfe book of the same name. The book had depicted Glenn as a "zealous moralizer," and he did not attend the film's Washington premiere on October 16, 1983. Reviewers saw Ed Harris' portrayal of Glenn as heroic, however, and his staff immediately began to emphasize the film to the press. Aide Greg Schneiders suggested an unusual strategy, similar to Glenn's personal campaign and voting style, in which he would avoid appealing to narrow special interest groups and instead seek to win support from ordinary Democratic primary voters, the "constituency of the whole." Mondale defeated Glenn for the nomination, however, and he was left with $3 million in campaign debt for over 20 years before he was granted a reprieve by the Federal Election Commission.. He was a potential vice presidential running mate in 1984, 1988, and 1992.
During his time in the Senate, he was chief author of the 1978 Nonproliferation Act 2, served as chairman of the Committee on Governmental Affairs from 1987 until 1995, sat on the Foreign Relations and Armed Services committees and the Special Committee on Aging. Once Republicans regained control of the Senate, Glenn also served as the ranking minority member on a special Senate investigative committee chaired by Tennessee senator Fred Dalton Thompson that looked into illegal foreign donations by China to U.S. political campaigns for the 1996 election. There was considerable acrimony between the two very high-profile senators during the life of this committee, which reached a level of public disagreement between the five leaders of a Congressional committee seldom seen in recent years, amid allegations that Glenn suppressed these issues prior to his subsequent space shuttle flight which had to be approved by President Clinton. In 1998, Glenn declined to run for re-election. The Democratic party chose Mary O. Boyle to replace him, but she was defeated by then-Ohio Governor George Voinovich.
In 2004, John Glenn was awarded the Woodrow Wilson Award for Public Service by the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars of the Smithsonian Institution at a presentation in Columbus.
Public affairs institute
Glenn helped found the John Glenn Institute for Public Service and Public Policy at the Ohio State University in 1998 to encourage public service. On July 22, 2006 the institute merged with OSU's School of Public Policy and Management to become the John Glenn School of Public Affairs. Today he holds an adjunct professorship at both the Glenn School and OSU's Department of Political Statistics.
Personal life
On April 6, 1943, Glenn married his childhood sweetheart, Anna Margaret Castor. They had met in New Concord and played together in the school band. They are the parents of two children. Both Glenn and his wife attended Muskingum College in New Concord, Ohio.
Glenn is member of the Glenn–Macintosh clan of Scotland. In 1963, Glenn received a letter from a young girl in Sheffield, England, named Anne Glenn. The letter, congratulating him on his orbit around the Earth, enclosed a family tree showing that Anne's father, George Arthur Thomas Glenn, and John Glenn were cousins. The Glenn family is still growing in Scotland to this day.
Glenn's family includes his great-nephew born just three days after his historic flight, renowned camera operator Glenn Thomas of New York, NY, who was named in his honor.
Glenn was a member of DeMolay International, the Masonic youth organization, and is an ordained elder in the Presbyterian Church.
Glenn's former New Concord home has been made into an education center, teaching American history beginning in 1944.
In 2001, Glenn appeared as a guest star on the American television sitcom Frasier.
On August 4, 2006, Glenn and his wife were injured in an automobile accident on I-270 near Columbus, Ohio. They were released from the hospital two days later. Glenn suffered a fractured sternum and a "very sore chest", as he remarked. Annie Glenn was treated for minor injuries. Glenn was cited for failure to yield the right-of-way.
On September 5, 2009, John and Annie Glenn dotted the "i" during Ohio State University's Script Ohio marching band performance, at the Ohio State vs Navy football game halftime show. Bob Hope, Woody Hayes, Buster Douglas, Dr. E. Gordon Gee, Novice Fawcett, Robert Ries and Jack Nicklaus are the only other non-band members to have received this honor.
On May 23, 2010, Glenn was awarded an honorary Doctoral degree in Public Service during the 2010 Commencement ceremony at Ohio Northern University.
In a 2010 Space Foundation survey, Glenn was ranked as the fifth most popular space hero.
Medals and decorations
Naval Aviator Badge
Naval Pilot Astronaut Badge
Distinguished Flying Cross with two Gold Stars and two Oak Leaf Clusters
Air Medal with three Silver Stars and two Oak Leaf Clusters
Presidential Unit Citation (United States)
Navy Unit Commendation
American Campaign Medal
Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with one Bronze Star
World War II Victory Medal (United States)
China Service Medal
Navy Occupation Service Medal
National Defense Service Medal
Korean Service Medal with two Bronze Stars
United Nations Korea Medal
Presidential Unit Citation (Korea)
.svg){kind=small}
- Civilian
- Congressional Gold Medal
Congressional Space Medal of Honor
NASA Distinguished Service Medal- The Woodrow Wilson Award
- Thomas D. White National Defense Award
See also
- The John Glenn Story, a 1962 documentary film
- Yuri Gagarin, the first man in space.
- Gherman Titov, the second to orbit the Earth
- Project Mercury
- Project Mercury Commemoration
References
- Notes
- http://library.osu.edu/sites/archives/glenn/collection/audiovisuals/certificates.htm
- Ohio State University Biography
- Shettle USMC Air Station of WWII, p. 167
- Mersky USMC Aviation, p.183
- Glenn, John (1998-11-02). John Glenn: A Memoir. Bantam. p. 169. ISBN 978-0553110746.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - "Glenn Orbits the Earth". NASA. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
- http://www.theglobeandmail.com/series/astronauts/astronauts02.html One Giant Leap—Backward, The Globe & Mail, October 12, 2002
- List of ticker-tape parades in New York City
- "John Glenn: Space tourist cheapening Alpha". CNN. May 3, 2001. Retrieved May 6, 2010.
- ^ Raines, Howell (1983-11-13). "JOHN GLENN: THE HERO AS CANDIDATE". The New York Times. p. 40.
{{cite news}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - Cite error: The named reference
latimeswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - Well of donors dries up for Clinton Edward Luce and Stephanie Kirchgaessner FT.com Washington May 9, 2008
- For Clinton, Millions in Debt and Few Options Michael Luo The New York Times June 10, 2008
- Fred Thompson's Big Flop Matthew Cooper Portfolio.com Washington October 15, 2007
- "All About John Glenn – His Personal Life". Retrieved 2010-07-21.
- Kupperberg, Paul (2003). John Glenn. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 96. ISBN 944603, 9780823944606. Retrieved July 24, 2009.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help); More than one of|pages=and|page=specified (help) - John Glenn and wife released from hospital Danna Avsec wkyc.com Columbus 2006
- "The "i"-Dot Tradition". Retrieved 2009-09-01.
- "Space Foundation Survey Reveals Broad Range of Space Heroes".
- Bibliography
- Fenno, Richard F., Jr. The Presidential Odyssey of John Glenn. CQ Press, 1990. 302 pp.
- Mersky, Peter B. (1983). U.S. Marine Corps Aviation — 1912 to the present. Annapolis, Maryland: The Nautical and Aviation Publishing Company of America. ISBN 0-933852-39-8.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - Shettle Jr., M. L. (2001). United States Marine Corps Air Stations of World War II. Bowersville, Georgia: Schaertel Publishing Co. ISBN 0-964-33882-3.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - Glenn, John H. (2000). John Glenn: A Memoir. New York: Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-58157-0.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)
- Web
- Tara Gray. "John H. Glenn, Jr". 40th Anniversary of NASA. Retrieved 2006-11-26.
- "COLONEL JOHN H. GLENN, JR., USMC(RETIRED)". Who's Who in Marine Corps History. Retrieved 2006-12-18.
External links
- NASA — John Glenn: A Journey
- John Glenn Honored as an Ambassador of Exploration
- John & Annie Glenn Historic Site and Home
- John Glenn School of Public Affairs, The Ohio State University
- John Glenn's Official NASA Biography
- John Glenn's Flight on Friendship 7, MA-6 – as heard on KCBS Radio
- John Glenn's Flight on the Space Shuttle, STS-95
- Spacefacts biography of John Glenn
- John Glenn Archive
- John Glenn: Unpublished Photos — slideshow by Life magazine
| U.S. Senate | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded byHoward M. Metzenbaum | U.S. senator (Class 3) from Ohio 1974–1999 Served alongside: Robert Taft, Jr., Howard M. Metzenbaum, Mike DeWine |
Succeeded byGeorge Voinovich |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded byWilliam V. Roth, Jr. Delaware |
Chairman of Senate Governmental Affairs Committee 1987–1995 |
Succeeded byWilliam V. Roth, Jr. Delaware |
| Party political offices | ||
| Preceded byJohn J. Gilligan | Democratic Nominee for the U.S. Senate (Class 3) from Ohio 1974, 1980, 1986, 1992 |
Succeeded byMary Boyle |
| United States senators from Ohio | ||
|---|---|---|
| Class 1 |  | |
| Class 3 | ||
| Chairs of the United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs | ||
|---|---|---|
| Expenditures in Executive Departments (1921–1952) | | |
| Government Operations (1952–1977) | ||
| Governmental Affairs (1977–2005) | ||
| Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs (2005–) | ||
| NASA Astronaut Group 1, "The Mercury Seven", "The Original Seven" 1959 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NASA Astronaut Group 1 → NASA Astronaut Group 2 | |||||||
| |||||||
| United States Marine Corps | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leadership |
|  | |||
| Major commands | |||||
| Auxiliary | |||||
| Structure | |||||
| Personnel and training |
| ||||
| Uniforms and equipment | |||||
| History and traditions |
| ||||
- 1921 births
- Living people
- 1962 in spaceflight
- American astronauts
- American military personnel of the Korean War
- American people of Scottish descent
- American Presbyterians
- Congressional Gold Medal recipients
- Democratic Party United States Senators
- Muskingum University alumni
- Ohio Democrats
- Ohio State University faculty
- People from Cambridge, Ohio
- People from Muskingum County, Ohio
- Recipients of the Air Medal
- Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
- United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees
- United States Marine Corps officers
- United States Marine Corps pilots of World War II
- United States presidential candidates, 1984
- United States Senators from Ohio