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| Braniewo (German: '''Braunsberg'''a city in north eastern ] |
Braniewo (German: '''Braunsberg''') a city in north eastern ]: Warmia - Mazury voivodship), in the bishopric of ] (Pol. ''Warmia''), may have been named after Saint ]. It is near the city of ] (German: Frauenburg and both cities are situated half way between ] (Ger. Danzig) and ] (earlier Königsberg or Krolewiec) at the ]. | ||
| Braniewo was already settled by Prussians: one of the earlier recorded names was ''Brus'', and there is some speculation that the origins of the city name lie in "Brus-berg". In 1249, Johannes Fleming, son of a Lübeck councilman (''Ratsherr'') founded Braunsberg. Bishop Anselm gave it ] city charter in 1254. | Braniewo was already settled by Prussians: one of the earlier recorded names was ''Brus'', and there is some speculation that the origins of the city name lie in "Brus-berg". In 1249, Johannes Fleming, son of a Lübeck councilman (''Ratsherr'') founded Braunsberg. Bishop Anselm gave it ] city charter in 1254. | ||
Revision as of 16:50, 1 November 2002
Braniewo (German: Braunsberg) a city in north eastern Poland: Warmia - Mazury voivodship), in the bishopric of Ermeland (Pol. Warmia), may have been named after Saint Bruno of Querfurt. It is near the city of Frombork (German: Frauenburg and both cities are situated half way between Gdansk (Ger. Danzig) and Kaliningrad (earlier Königsberg or Krolewiec) at the Baltic Sea.
Braniewo was already settled by Prussians: one of the earlier recorded names was Brus, and there is some speculation that the origins of the city name lie in "Brus-berg". In 1249, Johannes Fleming, son of a Lübeck councilman (Ratsherr) founded Braunsberg. Bishop Anselm gave it Luebeck city charter in 1254.
In 1260, bishop Anselm of Meissen (earlier Misnia) founded a chapter attached to the cathedral of St. Andreas at Braniewo. This chapter had the right to elect the bishop. Braniewo was destroyed by native Prussians, who fought for thirty years against take-over of their land by the papal legates. The next bishop Heinrich I (1278-1300) had to transfer the chapter from Braniewo to Frombork. It remained in Frombork until the 20th century.
In 1296, a Franciscan abbey was built in Braniewo, and in 1342 a Nowe Miasto or 'new city' was added.
In 1552 Regina Protmann was born in Braniewo. She came from a Patrician family and was expected to marry. Instead she was somewhat influenced by newly arrived Jesuits and against the wishes of her parents and contrary to the customs of the times, moved out on her own. She founded the Saint Catherine Order of Sisters, who were devoted to nursing the sick within the community. Warmia, a state remaining Catholic, surrounded by Protestants, had only schools for boys. Blessed Regina founded schools for girls as well.
Next to Königsberg, Braniewo was the leading academic center of the Kingdom of Prussia. In 1912 the Jesuit college became the Staatliche Akademie Braunsberg.
In 1924 Rainer Barzel, later Bundestagspresident of the Bundesrepublik of Germany, was born in Braunsberg, Prussia.
Christoph Hartknoch's book Alt-und Neues Preussen shows an illustration of Braunsberg ]
Transl.by H. Jonat based on Georg Hermanowski, Ostpreussen Catholic Encyclopedia Ulrich Fuesser, Regina-Protmann-Schule