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] in Nigeria]] ] in Nigeria]]
The '''2008 Jos riots''' were ]s involving ]s and ] over the result of a ] on November 28 and 29, 2008 in ], a community in the ] region of ].<ref name=xinhua>{{cite news|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-12/06/content_10463552.htm|title=7,070 displaced persons in 10 camps in Jos, Nigeria|date=2008-12-06|publisher=]}}</ref><ref name=bbcnews>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7756695.stm|title=Riots 'kill hundreds in Nigeria'|publisher=]|date=2008-11-29|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> Two days of rioting left over 400 injured and 381 killed.<ref name="allAfrica">{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200812011158.html|title=Nigeria: Jos Riots - Death Toll Hits 400y: witnesses|date=2008-11-29|publisher=AFP|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> The ] arrived on the morning of the 30th, and order was restored.<ref name="AFP">{{cite news|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hAQ7uP2TygxWtTm0s6Akc566oqrQ|title=Nigerian army takes over riot city|publisher=AFP|date=2008-11-29|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> The '''2008 Jos riots''' were ]s involving ] and ] over the result of a ] on November 28 and 29, 2008 in ], a community in the ] region of ].<ref name="xinhua">{{cite news|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-12/06/content_10463552.htm|title=7,070 displaced persons in 10 camps in Jos, Nigeria|date=2008-12-06|publisher=]}}</ref><ref name="bbcnews">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7756695.stm|title=Riots 'kill hundreds in Nigeria'|publisher=BBC News|date=2008-11-29|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> Two days of rioting left over 400 injured and 381 killed.<ref name="allAfrica">{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200812011158.html|title=Nigeria: Jos Riots - Death Toll Hits 400y: witnesses|date=2008-11-29|publisher=AFP|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> The ] arrived on the morning of the 30th, and order was restored.<ref name="AFP">{{cite news|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hAQ7uP2TygxWtTm0s6Akc566oqrQ|title=Nigerian army takes over riot city|publisher=AFP|date=2008-11-29|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref>


==Causes== ==Causes==
Electoral workers did not publicly list the winners of the elections, and rumors began that the election was won by the candidate of the ] (PDP), ] ],<ref name=allafrica>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200811290039.html|title=Nigeria: Dozens Killed in Jos LG Election Riot|publisher=Allafrica.com|date=2008-11-29|accessdate=30 November 2008}}</ref> defeating the candidate for the ]. People from the largely Muslim ] community, began protesting even before the results were released, and started to attack Christian homes and churches by midnight. Violence escalated between them and the Christians, who largely supported Buba.<ref name="NYT">{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/30/world/africa/30nigeria.html?ref=world|title=At Least 200 Die in Nigeria Clashes |date=2008-11-29|publisher='']''|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> Electoral workers did not publicly list the winners of the elections, and rumors began that the election was won by the candidate of the ] (PDP), ] ],<ref name="allafrica">{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200811290039.html|title=Nigeria: Dozens Killed in Jos LG Election Riot|publisher=Allafrica.com|date=2008-11-29|accessdate=30 November 2008}}</ref> defeating the candidate for the ]. People from the largely Muslim ] community, began protesting even before the results were released, and started to attack Christian homes and churches by midnight. Violence escalated between them and the Christians, who largely supported Buba.<ref name="NYT">{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/30/world/africa/30nigeria.html?ref=world|title=At Least 200 Die in Nigeria Clashes |date=2008-11-29|publisher='']''|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref>


==Riots== ==Riots==
The rioting led to the death of over 381 people in central Nigeria in only two days of clashing,<ref name=irishtimes>{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2008/1129/breaking40.htm|title=Hundreds dead in Nigerian riots|publisher='']''|date=2008-11-29|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> and several homes, ]s, ]es and a ] were damaged or burned by mobs.<ref name="AFP"/><ref name=cnnworld>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/africa/11/29/nigeria.riots.ap/index.html?imw=Y&iref=mpstoryemail|title=300 bodies taken to mosque on 2nd day of Nigeria riots|publisher=]|date=2008-11-29|accessdate=2008-11-30}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=RjwilmsiBot}}</ref> The ] reported that 10,000 people fled their homes due to the riots,<ref name=bbcnews/> and were living in government-provided shelters.<ref name="NYT"/> ] were sent into Jos to break up the fighting and create a ] between the Christians and Muslims.<ref name="Reuters">{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE4AS2N820081129?pageNumber=2&virtualBrandChannel=0|title=At least 200 killed in clashes in Nigeria|date=2008-11-29|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> The rioting led to the death of over 381 people in central Nigeria in only two days of clashing,<ref name="irishtimes">{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2008/1129/breaking40.htm|title=Hundreds dead in Nigerian riots|publisher='']''|date=2008-11-29|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> and several homes, ]s, ] and a ] were damaged or burned by mobs.<ref name="AFP"/><ref name="cnnworld">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/africa/11/29/nigeria.riots.ap/index.html?imw=Y&iref=mpstoryemail|title=300 bodies taken to mosque on 2nd day of Nigeria riots|publisher=CNN|date=2008-11-29|accessdate=2008-11-30}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=RjwilmsiBot}}</ref> The ] reported that 10,000 people fled their homes due to the riots,<ref name=bbcnews/> and were living in government-provided shelters.<ref name="NYT"/> ] were sent into Jos to break up the fighting and create a ] between the Christians and Muslims.<ref name="Reuters">{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE4AS2N820081129?pageNumber=2&virtualBrandChannel=0|title=At least 200 killed in clashes in Nigeria|date=2008-11-29|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref>


==Effects== ==Effects==
Jonah Jang, the governor of the ], imposed a 24-hour ] on four districts of the city, and soldiers are permitted to "shoot on sight" in order to prevent more violence.<ref name="NYT"/> Flights to and from Jos were cancelled and roads to the north were blocked.<ref name="AFP"/> Jonah Jang, the governor of the ], imposed a 24-hour ] on four districts of the city, and soldiers are permitted to "shoot on sight" in order to prevent more violence.<ref name="NYT"/> Flights to and from Jos were cancelled and roads to the north were blocked.<ref name="AFP"/>


] between Christians and Muslims in Jos also killed hundreds.<ref name="AFP"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/1600250.stm|title=Nigerian president tours riot city|date=2001-10-17|publisher=]|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> A 2004 riot in Yelwa, another town in Plateau State resulted in the so-called ]. Fighting in the north-central ] when it tried to impose ] law in 2000, resulted in the partition of ]. This was followed by the Kaduna riots of November 2002, resulting from Nigeria's hosting of the ] contest, which one of its contestants had won the previous year.<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2505353.stm Nigeria calls off Miss World show</ref> ] between Christians and Muslims in Jos also killed hundreds.<ref name="AFP"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/1600250.stm|title=Nigerian president tours riot city|date=2001-10-17|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> A 2004 riot in Yelwa, another town in Plateau State resulted in the so-called ]. Fighting in the north-central ] when it tried to impose ] law in 2000, resulted in the partition of ]. This was followed by the Kaduna riots of November 2002, resulting from Nigeria's hosting of the ] contest, which one of its contestants had won the previous year.<ref></ref>


Many armed youths of both sides were arrested at military roadblocks.<ref name="Reuters"/> Police estimated that as many as 500 were arrested on Saturday, November 29, alone.<ref name="AFP"/> Many armed youths of both sides were arrested at military roadblocks.<ref name="Reuters"/> Police estimated that as many as 500 were arrested on Saturday, November 29, alone.<ref name="AFP"/>
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{{wikinews|Riots in Nigeria kill nearly 400}} {{wikinews|Riots in Nigeria kill nearly 400}}
* Blench, R. M., Daniel, P. & Hassan, Umaru (2003): ''Access rights and conflict over common pool resources in three states in Nigeria.'' Report to Conflict Resolution Unit, World Bank () * Blench, R. M., Daniel, P. & Hassan, Umaru (2003): ''Access rights and conflict over common pool resources in three states in Nigeria.'' Report to Conflict Resolution Unit, World Bank ()
* Nkwocha, Stanley (2008-12-01). , Leadership (Abuja) * Nkwocha, Stanley (2008-12-01). , Leadership (Abuja)
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{{Nigeria riots}} {{Nigeria riots}}



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Revision as of 23:55, 26 September 2011

Location of Jos in Nigeria

The 2008 Jos riots were riots involving Christians and Muslims over the result of a local election on November 28 and 29, 2008 in Jos, a community in the Middle Belt region of Nigeria. Two days of rioting left over 400 injured and 381 killed. The Nigerian army arrived on the morning of the 30th, and order was restored.

Causes

Electoral workers did not publicly list the winners of the elections, and rumors began that the election was won by the candidate of the People's Democratic Party (PDP), barrister Timothy Gyang Buba, defeating the candidate for the All Nigerian Peoples Party. People from the largely Muslim Hausa community, began protesting even before the results were released, and started to attack Christian homes and churches by midnight. Violence escalated between them and the Christians, who largely supported Buba.

Riots

The rioting led to the death of over 381 people in central Nigeria in only two days of clashing, and several homes, mosques, churches and a seminary were damaged or burned by mobs. The Nigerian Red Cross Society reported that 10,000 people fled their homes due to the riots, and were living in government-provided shelters. Nigerian soldiers were sent into Jos to break up the fighting and create a buffer zone between the Christians and Muslims.

Effects

Jonah Jang, the governor of the Plateau State, imposed a 24-hour curfew on four districts of the city, and soldiers are permitted to "shoot on sight" in order to prevent more violence. Flights to and from Jos were cancelled and roads to the north were blocked.

Similar riots in 2001 between Christians and Muslims in Jos also killed hundreds. A 2004 riot in Yelwa, another town in Plateau State resulted in the so-called Yelwa Massacre. Fighting in the north-central Kaduna State when it tried to impose shari'a law in 2000, resulted in the partition of Kaduna. This was followed by the Kaduna riots of November 2002, resulting from Nigeria's hosting of the Miss World contest, which one of its contestants had won the previous year.

Many armed youths of both sides were arrested at military roadblocks. Police estimated that as many as 500 were arrested on Saturday, November 29, alone.

See also

References

  1. "7,070 displaced persons in 10 camps in Jos, Nigeria". Xinhua. 2008-12-06.
  2. ^ "Riots 'kill hundreds in Nigeria'". BBC News. 2008-11-29. Retrieved 2008-11-30.
  3. "Nigeria: Jos Riots - Death Toll Hits 400y: witnesses". AFP. 2008-11-29. Retrieved 2008-11-30.
  4. ^ "Nigerian army takes over riot city". AFP. 2008-11-29. Retrieved 2008-11-30.
  5. "Nigeria: Dozens Killed in Jos LG Election Riot". Allafrica.com. 2008-11-29. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
  6. ^ "At Least 200 Die in Nigeria Clashes". The New York Times. 2008-11-29. Retrieved 2008-11-30. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  7. "Hundreds dead in Nigerian riots". The Irish Times. 2008-11-29. Retrieved 2008-11-30. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  8. "300 bodies taken to mosque on 2nd day of Nigeria riots". CNN. 2008-11-29. Retrieved 2008-11-30.
  9. ^ "At least 200 killed in clashes in Nigeria". Reuters. 2008-11-29. Retrieved 2008-11-30.
  10. "Nigerian president tours riot city". BBC. 2001-10-17. Retrieved 2008-11-30.
  11. Nigeria calls off Miss World show

External links

Religious violence in Nigeria
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