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* ''The Treatment of Epilepsy'' edited by S. D. Shorvon, David R. Fish, Emilio Perucca, W. Edwin Dodson. Blackwell Publishing. 2004. ISBN 0-632-06046-8 * ''The Treatment of Epilepsy'' edited by S. D. Shorvon, David R. Fish, Emilio Perucca, W. Edwin Dodson. Blackwell Publishing. 2004. ISBN 0-632-06046-8
* ''The Medical Treatment of Epilepsy'' by Stanley R Resor. Published by Marcel Dekker (1991). ISBN 0-8247-8549-5. * ''The Medical Treatment of Epilepsy'' by Stanley R Resor. Published by Marcel Dekker (1991). ISBN 0-8247-8549-5.
* *


{{Anticonvulsants}} {{Anticonvulsants}}

Revision as of 15:47, 11 October 2011

Pharmaceutical compound
Mephenytoin
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comMicromedex Detailed Consumer Information
MedlinePlusa611020
Routes of
administration		Oral
ATC code
Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life7 hours
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • 5-ethyl-3-methyl-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.000.012 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC12H14N2O2
Molar mass218.252 g·mol
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • O=C2N(C(=O)NC2(c1ccccc1)CC)C
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C12H14N2O2/c1-3-12(9-7-5-4-6-8-9)10(15)14(2)11(16)13-12/h4-8H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,13,16)
  • Key:GMHKMTDVRCWUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  (verify)

Mephenytoin (marketed as Mesantoin by Novartis) is a hydantoin, used as an anticonvulsant. It was introduced approximately 10 years after phenytoin, in the late 1940s. The significant metabolite of mephenytoin is nirvanol (5-ethyl-5-phenylhydantoin), which was the first hydantoin (briefly used as a hypnotic). However, nirvanol is quite toxic and mephenytoin was only considered after other less toxic anticonvulsants had failed. It can cause potentially fatal blood dyscrasia in 1% of patients.

Mephenytoin is no longer available in the US or the UK. It is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.

References

  • The Treatment of Epilepsy edited by S. D. Shorvon, David R. Fish, Emilio Perucca, W. Edwin Dodson. Blackwell Publishing. 2004. ISBN 0-632-06046-8
  • The Medical Treatment of Epilepsy by Stanley R Resor. Published by Marcel Dekker (1991). ISBN 0-8247-8549-5.
  • The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database: Mephenytoin
Anticonvulsants (N03)
GABAergics
GABAAR PAMs
GABA-T inhibitors
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Channel
modulators
Sodium blockers
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