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| '''Warmia''' (German '''Ermeland''' or '''Ermland''', Latin ''Varmia'') a region between ] and ] in northern ]. Together with Mazuria it forms the ] region. | '''Warmia''' (German '''Ermeland''' or '''Ermland''', Latin ''Varmia'') a region between ] and ] in northern ]. Together with Mazuria it forms the ] region. | ||
| Warmia was one of the four dioceses into which ] was divided in (1242) by the papal legate ]. The other dioceses, under the archbishop of ], were ], ] and ]. Warmia later became an exempt bishopric. One of its most notable bishops was Enea Silvio Piccolomini, later ]. | |||
| ⚫ | Warmia's most famous citizens were the family members of ] or Watzelrode, who was bishop of Warmia and who raised and educated his nephews ] and Andreas Copernicus following their father's death. | ||
| Ermland passed with western Prussia from the rule of the Teutonic Order to Polish sovereignty under the second ] (1466). | |||
| ⚫ | In 1755 the imperial mapmaker of ] ] completed work on a beautiful map of Ermland or Varmia. It details all surrounding towns. | ||
| Ermland became an excempt bishopric and remained Catholic in contrast to the other Prussian states. | |||
| Located in a region marked by the frequently changing boundaries between ] and ], Warmia passed with much of western Prussia from the rule of the Teutonic Order to Polish sovereignty under the second ] in ]. In ], it was annexed by the kingdom of Prussia in the first , and became a part of the Province of East Prussia in 1919. It was overrun by Soviet troops and annexed to Poland in 1945. | |||
| The Ermland state government laws of September 22,1526 of the bishopric of Ermland (''Ermland Landtsordnung des Bischoffthums Ermland von 22. Sept 1526'') were re-recorded as addition to the Kulm Laws (''Appendix zum Jus Culmense correction'' Brunsbergae 1711 S.109-124),], 1711, pages 109-124. | |||
| The Second World War saw the killing and expulsion of a large number of the resident population, including clergy, by Polish and Soviet troops. A monument memorializing the dead was erected in September 2001. This memorial is located near Olszyn (''Ger.'' Allenstein). The dedication was attended by Polish army honor guard, the wife of the prime minister of Poland, Jerzy Buzek, church officials and the murdered priests' family members, and former residents, now living in Germany, who had been expelled during and shortly after the War. | |||
| Annexed by the kingdom of Prussia in the first ] (1772), it became a part of the Province of East Prussia in 1919. Geographically it has always been in eastern Prussia. It was overrun by Soviet troops and became a part of Poland in 1945. | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | In 1755 the imperial mapmaker of ] ] completed work on a beautiful map of Ermland or Varmia. It details all surrounding towns. | ||
| ---- | |||
| After the killing and expulsion of a large number of the native Ermland population by the Polish and Russian Soviets a brave attempt at confronting the past is now being made by current pastors. A memorial stone was hurriedly erected in September 2001; hurriedly, before the elections would put communists back into positions. This memorial stone is near Allenstein or Olszyn and commemorates the priests and inhabitants of the diocese of Ermland, murdered and martyred during the years 1939 - 1947. A Polish Army honor guard, the wife of the prime minister of Poland Jerzy Buzek, church officials and the murdered priests' family members, expellees (''Vertriebene'') now living in Germany, attended. | |||
| '''External Links''' | |||
| *Memorial website, listing names of the dead: ] | |||
| External link to map: ] | *External link to Endersch's map: ] | ||
Revision as of 13:06, 10 April 2002
Warmia (German Ermeland or Ermland, Latin Varmia) a region between Pomerania and Masuria in northern Poland. Together with Mazuria it forms the Warminsko-Mazurskie region.
Warmia was one of the four dioceses into which Prussia was divided in (1242) by the papal legate William of Modena. The other dioceses, under the archbishop of Riga, were Culmer Land, Pomesania and Samland. Warmia later became an exempt bishopric. One of its most notable bishops was Enea Silvio Piccolomini, later Pope Pius II.
Warmia's most famous citizens were the family members of Lucas Watzenrode or Watzelrode, who was bishop of Warmia and who raised and educated his nephews Nicolaus and Andreas Copernicus following their father's death.
In 1755 the imperial mapmaker of Elbing Johann Friedrich Endersch completed work on a beautiful map of Ermland or Varmia. It details all surrounding towns.
Located in a region marked by the frequently changing boundaries between Prussia and Poland, Warmia passed with much of western Prussia from the rule of the Teutonic Order to Polish sovereignty under the second Treaty of Thorn in 1466. In 1772, it was annexed by the kingdom of Prussia in the first , and became a part of the Province of East Prussia in 1919. It was overrun by Soviet troops and annexed to Poland in 1945.
The Second World War saw the killing and expulsion of a large number of the resident population, including clergy, by Polish and Soviet troops. A monument memorializing the dead was erected in September 2001. This memorial is located near Olszyn (Ger. Allenstein). The dedication was attended by Polish army honor guard, the wife of the prime minister of Poland, Jerzy Buzek, church officials and the murdered priests' family members, and former residents, now living in Germany, who had been expelled during and shortly after the War.
External Links
- Memorial website, listing names of the dead: ]
- External link to Endersch's map: ]