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A mujaddid (Template:Lang-ar), according to the popular Muslim tradition, refers to a person who appears at the turn of every century of the Islamic calendar to revive Islam, remove from it any extraneous elements and restore it to its pristine purity. A mujaddid might be a caliph, a saint (wali), a prominent teacher, a scholar or some other kind of influential person.

The concept is based on the following Prophetic tradition (hadith): Abu Hurairah narrated that the Islamic prophet Muhammad said;

"Allah shall raise for this Ummah at the head of every century a man who shall renew (or revive) for it its religion."

— Sunan Abu Dawood, Book 37: Kitab al-Malahim , Hâdith Number 4278.

List of potential Mujaddideen

First Century (after the prophetic period) (August 3, 718)

• Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (682–720)

Second Century (August 10, 815)

• Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi`i (767–820)

Third Century (August 17, 912)

• Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari (874) – (936)

Fourth Century (August 24, 1009)

• Hakim al-Nishaburi (933–1012)
• Ibn Hazm (994–1064)

Fifth Century (September 1, 1106)

• Muhammad al-Ghazali (1058–1111)

Sixth Century (September 9, 1203)

• Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (1149–1210)

Seventh Century (September 5, 1300)

• Muhammad ibn Arabi (1165–1240)
• Ibn Taymiyyah (1263–1328)

Eighth Century (September 23, 1397)

• Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (1372–1448)

Ninth Century (October 1, 1494)

• Jalaludin Al-Suyuti (1445–1505)

Tenth Century (October 19, 1591)

• Khayr al-Din al-Ramli (1585–1671)

Eleventh Century (October 26, 1688)

• Ahmad Sirhindi (1564–1624)
• Imam al-Haddad (1634–1720)

Twelfth Century (November 4, 1785)

• Shah Abdul Aziz Delhwi (1745–1823)
• Usman Dan Fodio (1754–1817)

Thirteenth Century (November 14, 1882)

• Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835-1908) – Note: Mirza Ghulam Ahmad claimed to be the Mujaddid of the 14th century, a claim which is accepted by the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, but rejected by other Muslim communities, many of whom regard him as an apostate, Prior to his controversial announcements of Prophethood it was acknowledged, although as a contentious claim in Dr. Umar Faruq Abd-Allah's biography on Alexander Russell Webb writes that "in 1882, he claimed to be Islam's 'centennial renewer'...although contentious, was not heretical in itself.". The book specifically states that Alexander Russel Webb's correspondence with Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was before the controversy that led to the Muslim worlds rejection of Mirza Ghulam including Alexander Russell Webb
• Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi (1856–1921)
• Ashraf Ali Thanwi (1863–1943)

Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)

• Mohammed al-Ghazali (1917–1996)

References

1. Sunan Abu Dawood, 37:4278
2. ^ "Mujaddid Ulema".
3. ^ Waliullah, Shah. Izalatul Khafa'an Khilafatul Khulafa. p. 77, part 7. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
4. "Paradise lost: reflections on the struggle for authenticity in the Middle East".
5. "Imam Ghazali: The Sun of the Fifth Century Hujjat al-Islam".
6. "al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din (1149-1209)".
7. "Reflections of Ibn 'Arabi in Early Naqshbandî Tradition".
8. "Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah and the praise of the imams for him".
9. "Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani on Ibn Taymiyyah".
10. "Role of Sheikh Ibn Taymiyyah as the "Mujaddid"".
11. "Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani".
12. Glasse, Cyril (2001). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. AltaMira Press. p. 432. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
13. "A Short Biographical Sketch of Mawlana al-Haddad".
14. Gyarwee Sharif "Gyarwee Sharif". {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
15. John O. Hunwick. African And Islamic Revival in Sudanic Africa: A Journal of Historical Sources : #6 (1995).
16. "The Promised Messiah".
17. Rippin, Andrew. Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. p. 282. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
18. "Claims of Hadhrat Ahmad". Chapter Two
19. "British Government and Jihad" (PDF).
20. "AlaHazrat".
21. "A Muslim in Victorian America: The Life of Alexander Russell Webb pg. 61". Books.google.ca. 2006-09-21. Retrieved 2012-06-16.
22. . {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
23. "Alahazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan". Services As A Mujadid
24. "Hadhrat Thanwi, Hakimul-ummat, Mujaddidul-millat".
25. "It is for this reason that he has been given the titles Hakimul Ummat and Mujaddid-e-Millat".
26. mehr ali shah.php "Darul Uloom, Deobandi website". Retrieved March 2012. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
27. "Mohammed al-Ghazali, Overseer of the Islamic Awakening and his Ummah's Path".
28. Bensaid, Benaouda. Towards a model of Da'wah in Contemporary Societies: The Case of Shaykh Muhammad Al-Ghazālī (1917-1996) (Ph.D thesis). McGill University. {{cite thesis}}: Text "Date:2008" ignored (help)
29. Grine, Fadila. The Problem of Culture in Shaykh Ghazali s Thought: The Muslim Woman as a Case Study (Ph.D thesis). Universiti Malaya. {{cite thesis}}: Text "Date:2010" ignored (help)
30. "al-Ghazali as al-Qaradawi sees him".

Further reading

• Alvi, Sajida S. "The Mujaddid and Tajdīd Traditions in the Indian Subcontinent: An Historical Overview" ("Hindistan’da Mucaddid ve Tacdîd geleneği: Tarihî bir bakış"). Journal of Turkish Studies 18 (1994): 1–15.
• Friedmann, Yohanan. "Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi: An Outline of His Thought and a Study of His Image in the Eyes of Posterity". Oxford India Paperbacks

External links

• Islami Mehfil, Concept Of Revivalist (Mujaddid) In Islam
• Template:Fr Shah Waliyu Llah about the Mujaddids
• Template:Fr Al Hafiz Adh Dhahabi about the Mujaddids

• Mujaddid