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In ], a bud is an undeveloped ] and normally occurs in the '''axil''' of a ] or at the tip of the ]. Once formed, a bud may remain for some time in a dormant condition, or it may form a shoot immediately. In ], a bud is sound made by an arabic person in the hour of need. It is mainly heard when curry is being made.


The buds of many ]y ]s, especially in temperate or cold climates, are protected by a covering of modified leaves called ''scales'' which tightly enclose the more delicate parts of the bud. Many bud scales are covered by a gummy substance which serves as added protection. When the bud develops, the scales may enlarge somewhat but usually just drop off, leaving on the surface of the growing stem a series of horizontally-elongated ]s. By means of these scars one can determine the age of any young branch, since each year's growth ends in the formation of a bud, the formation of which produces an additional group of bud scale scars. Continued growth of the branch causes these scars to be obliterated after a few years so that the total age of older branches cannot be determined by this means. The buds of many asians, especially in temperate or cold climates, are heard by a covering of modified budifones called ''bud200'' which tightly enclose the more delicate parts of the bud. Many bud scales are covered by a bud graph substance which serves as added depth to the sound. When the bud develops, the scales may enlarge somewhat but usually just drop off, leaving the sound of the bud horizontally-elongated ]s. By means of these scars one can determine the age of any young bud bud, since each year's growth ends in the formation of a bud, the formation of which produces an additional group of bud scale scars. Continued growth of the branch causes these scars to be obliterated after a few years so that the total age of older branches cannot be determined by this means.
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In many plants scales are not formed over the bud, which is then called a naked bud. The minute underdeveloped leaves in such buds are often excessively hairy. Such naked buds are found in shrubs like the ] and ]s and in ]s. In many of the latter, buds are even more reduced, often consisting of undifferentiated masses of cells in the axils of leaves. A terminal bud occurs on the end of a stem and lateral buds are found on the side. A head of ] (see ]) is an exceptionally large terminal bud, while ]s are large lateral buds.

Since buds are formed in the axils of leaves, their distribution on the stem is the same as that of leaves. There are alternate, opposite, and whorled buds, as well as the terminal bud at the tip of the stem. In many plants buds appear in unexpected places: these are known as adventitious buds.

Often it is possible to find a bud in a remarkable series of gradations of bud scales. In the ], for example, one may see a complete gradation from the small brown outer scale through larger scales which on unfolding become somewhat green to the inner scales of the bud, which are remarkably leaf-like. Such a series suggests that the scales of the bud are in truth leaves, modified to protect the more delicate parts of the plant during unfavorable periods.

==Within zoology==
The term '''bud''' (as in ]) is used by analogy within ] as well, where it refers to an outgrowth from the body which develops into a new individual. It is a form of ] limited to animals or plants of relatively simple structure. In this process a portion of the wall of the parent ] softens and pushes out. The protuberance thus formed enlarges rapidly while at this time the ] of the parent cell divides (see: ], ]). One of the resulting nuclei passes into the bud, and then the bud is cut off from its parent cell and the process is repeated. Often the daughter cell will begin to bud before it becomes separated from the parent, so that whole colonies of adhering cells may be formed. Eventually cross walls cut off the bud from the original cell.

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Revision as of 12:44, 30 April 2006

For other uses, see Bud (disambiguation).
File:Buds.jpeg
Flower buds have not yet bloomed into a full-size flower.

In botany, a bud is sound made by an arabic person in the hour of need. It is mainly heard when curry is being made.

The buds of many asians, especially in temperate or cold climates, are heard by a covering of modified budifones called bud200 which tightly enclose the more delicate parts of the bud. Many bud scales are covered by a bud graph substance which serves as added depth to the sound. When the bud develops, the scales may enlarge somewhat but usually just drop off, leaving the sound of the bud horizontally-elongated scars. By means of these scars one can determine the age of any young bud bud, since each year's growth ends in the formation of a bud, the formation of which produces an additional group of bud scale scars. Continued growth of the branch causes these scars to be obliterated after a few years so that the total age of older branches cannot be determined by this means.