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{{About|the Nintendo character}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2012}}
{{infobox VG character
{{About|the ''Super Mario Bros.'' video game for the Nintendo Entertainment System}}
| name = Yoshi
{{Infobox video game
|image=] | image = ]
| caption = Yoshi as he appears in '']'' (2012).
|caption=North American box art
| series = '']''/'']''
|developer=]<ref name="iwataasks25_1"/>
| firstgame = '']'' (1990)
|publisher=]
| creator = ]
|designer=]<ref name="designers"/><br/>]<ref name="designers"/>
| artist = Shigefumi Hino<br />Masanori Sato (artwork)<br />Akiko Hirono
|composer=]<ref name="composer"/>
| voiceactor= ] (''Super Mario World'' television series) <br /> ] (''Super Mario Bros.'' film) <br /> ] (1998-present)
|series='']''
| japanactor=] (''Super Mario World: Mario to Yoshhi no Bōken Land'', red)<br />] (''Super Mario World: Mario to Yoshi no Bōken Land'', green)<br />] (''Yoshi's Egg'' commercial)<br />] (commercials)<br />] (video games)
|platforms=]<br>]<br>]<br>]<br>]<br>]<br>]<br>]<br>], ]
|released={{Collapsible list|title=September 13, 1985|titlestyle=font-weight:normal;font-size:12px;background:transparent;text-align:left|'''Famicom/NES'''<br/>{{Vgrelease|JP=13 September 1985|NA= <!--Don't change without discussing first--> 1985<ref>{{cite news |newspaper= New York Times|date=17 November 1985 | page=A29}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Dayton|first=David|title=Super Mario's Release Date is Missing!|url=http://themushroomkingdom.net/smb_release.shtml|work=The Mushroom Kingdom|accessdate=31 December 2010}}</ref><ref>Cifaldi, Frank. ''''. ]. 28 March 2012.</ref>|EU=15 May 1987|AUS=1987}}'''FDS'''<br/>{{Vgrelease|JP=21 February 1986}}'''SFC/SNES'''<br/>{{Vgrelease|JP=14 July 1993|NA=2 August 1993|EU=16 December 1993}}'''Game Boy Color'''<br/>{{Vgrelease|NA=10 May 1999<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.nintendo.com/gb/smb/index.html|title=Super Mario Bros.|work=Game List|publisher=]|accessdate=11 September 2010|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/19990427071314/http://www.nintendo.com/gb/smb/index.html|archivedate=27 April 1999}}</ref>|EU=1 July 1999}}{{Vgrelease|JP=1 March 2000}}'''Game Boy Advance'''<br/>{{Vgrelease|JP=14 February 2004|NA=2 June 2004|EU=9 July 2004}}'''GBA 20th Anniversary Re-release'''<br/>{{Vgrelease|JP=13 September 2005}}'''Wii Virtual Console'''<br/>{{Vgrelease|JP=2 December 2006|NA=25 December 2006|PAL=5 January 2007}}'''3DS Ambassador Program''' {{Vgrelease|JP=1 September 2011|NA=1 September 2011|EU=1 September 2011}}'''3DS Virtual Console''' {{Vgrelease|JP=5 January 2012|NA=16 February 2012|EU=1 March 2012}}}}
|genre=]
|modes=], ]
|ratings={{Vgratings|ACB=G|CERO=A|ESRB=E|PEGI=3+}}
}} }}
<!-- PLEASE NOTE THAT YOSHI IS MALE. EDITS STATING OTHERWISE WILL BE REVERTED. -->
{{Nihongo|'''''Super Mario Bros.'''''|スーパーマリオブラザーズ|Sūpā Mario Burazāzu}} is a 1985 ] ] developed by ], published for the ] as a pseudo-sequel to the 1983 game '']'' It is the first of the '']'' series of games. In ''Super Mario Bros.'', the player controls ] and in a two-player game, a second player controls Mario's brother ] as he travels through the Mushroom Kingdom in order to rescue ] from the antagonist ].
{{nihongo|'''Yoshi'''|ヨッシー|Yosshī|sometimes romanized '''Yossy''' in earlier ] materials}}<ref>MobyGames, </ref><ref>Nintendo, </ref> {{IPAc-en|ˈ|j|oʊ|ʃ|i}}, is a fictional ] (referred to as a dragon at times) who appears in video games published by ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://us.wii.com/iwata_asks/nsmb/vol2_page7.jsp |title=Iwata Asks: New Super Mario Bros. Wii|accessdate=2010-02-25 |publisher=Nintendo }}</ref> His debut was in '']'' (1990) on the ]<ref name="ignbio" /> as ] and ]'s sidekick (a role he has often reprised), and he later established his own series with several ] and ] games, including '']''. He has also appeared in many of the spin-off ] including the '']'', the '']'', and the ], as well as in other various ''Mario'' sports titles. Yoshi also appears in '']'' (2009) as the characters' companion and steed, similar to his original debut role in ''Super Mario World''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mariobroswii.com/|title=New Super Mario Bros. Wii Official Website|publisher=Nintendo.com|accessdate=2010-01-10}}</ref> Yoshi belongs to the species of the same name which comes in various colors although the most common is green.<ref name="ignbio">{{cite web| title =Yoshi Biography | url =http://stars.ign.com/objects/924/924294_biography.html | publisher = IGN| accessdate =January 3, 2009 }}</ref>


==Origins==
The success of ''Super Mario Bros.'' has caused it to be ported to almost every one of Nintendo's major gaming consoles. In late 2010, as part of the 25th anniversary of the game's release, Nintendo released special red variants of the ] and ] consoles in differently re-packaged, Mario-themed, and limited edition bundles in all regions.
]'' and the NES release of '']'', Yoshi's early design differs greatly from the finished appearance<ref>{{citation|title=Mario Mania Player’s Guide|author=Pam Sather, Scott Pelland, et al.|publisher=Nintendo Power|year=1991|page=32 | ISBN=0-450-49606-6 }}</ref>]]
==Gameplay==
] stated that ] had wanted Mario to have a dinosaur companion ever since ''].''; however, it was not possible because of the limitations of the ].<ref name=ignpresents>{{cite web|url=http://au.retro.ign.com/articles/833/833615p3.html|title=IGN Presents: The History of Super Mario Bros.|publisher=IGN|accessdate=May 2012|first=Rus|last=McLaughlin}}</ref> The inspiration for Yoshi can be traced back further, to the green dragon Tamagon in the 1984 video game '']''.<ref name=onm/> During the development of '']'', Miyamoto had a number of sketches around his desk, including an image of Mario riding a dinosaur. ], a ''Mario'' series developer, speculated that Miyamoto's love of horse riding as well as country and western influenced Yoshi's creation.<ref name=onm>{{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |year=2012 |title=A Brief History of... Yoshi |journal='']'' |volume= |issue=47 |pages=81-83|publisher=]|accessdate=July 2012|issn=1836-4276}}</ref> The concept of Mario riding a dinosaur also came from the NES video game '']'', which featured people riding ]s. He again wanted to feature Yoshi in '']'', but was still unable to.<ref name=onm/> Tezuka designed two power-ups to make up for this limitation, the raccoon and frog power-ups. Once the more powerful ] was released, Miyamoto was finally able to implement Yoshi into the series, putting him into the video game '']''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://us.wii.com/iwata_asks/nsmb/vol2_page1.jsp |title=Wii.com - Iwata Asks: New Super Mario Bros. Wii |publisher=Us.wii.com |date= |accessdate=2010-11-09}}</ref> Yoshi proved to be popular in his debut, which caused the next game in the series, '']'', to focus on his species.<ref name=ignpresents />
]


The version of Yoshi seen in the '']'' film was made using a {{convert|3|ft|m|adj=mid|-tall}} ] dinosaur. He was designed in the film by Dave Nelson. It had nearly 200 feet of cable and hundreds of moving parts inside of it, and was controlled by nine puppeteers. The body is cable-controlled, while the head is radio-controlled. Nelson described the overall process as being "difficult."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smbmovie.com/SMBArchive/media/behindthescenes/yoshi.htm |title=Super Mario Bros. The Movie Archive |publisher=Smbmovie.com |date= |accessdate=2010-11-09}}</ref> The creation of Yoshi was handled by a company independent from the filmmakers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smbmovie.com/SMBArchive/specials/interviews/2_JeffGoodwin_3-30-09.html |title=Super Mario Bros. The Movie Archive |publisher=Smbmovie.com |date=2009-03-30 |accessdate=2010-11-09}}</ref>
The player takes on the role of the main protagonist of ], Mario. Mario's slightly younger fraternal twin brother, ], is only playable by the second player in the game's ] mode, and assumes the same plot role as Mario. The objective is to race through the Mushroom Kingdom, survive the main antagonist Bowser′s forces and save Princess Toadstool.<ref name="Booklet 7">Instruction booklet, p. 7.</ref> The player moves from the left side of the screen to the right side in order to reach the flag pole at the end of each level. A prevalent rumor that it is possible to jump over the flag pole was later confirmed by ].<ref name="GT">{{cite web|url= http://www.gametrailers.com/video/episode-2-pop-fiction/100619|title=Episode 2: Mario Flagpole| author=|date=26 May 2010|work=Pop fiction|publisher=]|accessdate=27 March 2011}}</ref>


== Characteristics ==
The game world has coins scattered around it for Mario to collect, and special bricks marked with a question mark ("?"), which when hit from below by Mario, may reveal more coins or a special item. Other "secret" (often invisible) bricks may contain more coins or rare items. If the player gains a red and yellow Super Mushroom, Mario grows to double his size and can take one extra hit from most enemies and obstacles, in addition to being able to break bricks above him.<ref>Instruction booklet, p. 12</ref> Players are given a certain number of lives (and may gain additional lives by picking up green and orange '1-Up' mushrooms, collecting 100 coins, or defeating several enemies in a row with a Koopa shell), which are lost when Mario takes too much damage, falls in a pit, or runs out of time; the game ends when all lives are lost. Mario's primary attack is jumping on top of enemies, though many enemies have differing responses to this. For example, a ] will flatten and be defeated,<ref>Instruction booklet, p. 12.</ref> while a ] will temporarily retract into its shell, allowing Mario to use it as a projectile.<ref name="Booklet 11">Instruction booklet, p. 11.</ref> These shells may be deflected off a wall to destroy other enemies, though they can also bounce back against Mario, which will hurt or kill him.<ref>Instruction booklet, p. 19.</ref> An alternate way to damage enemies is with the Fire Flower, an item which, when picked up, changes the color of Mario's outfit (or only increases his size if a red and yellow mushroom had not been used previously) and allows him to shoot fireballs. A less common item is the Starman, which often appears from concealed or otherwise invisible blocks. This makes Mario temporarily invincible to most hazards and capable of defeating enemies on contact.<ref>Instruction booklet, p. 10</ref>
]'s '']'']]
Yoshi has a variety of abilities that render him unique amongst other characters in the ''Mario'' series. He has a prehensile tongue that can extend a surprising distance, allowing him to eat almost anything; anything that can't be eaten can be spit out at enemies. In some games the tongue can also be used as a ] to pull objects or access otherwise out-of-reach areas. Yoshi is also capable of laying distinctive spotted eggs after swallowing objects, which can then be thrown at enemies or objects; eggs are in fact the primary "logo" of Yoshi in multiplayer games. Yoshi is also capable of forming an egg around himself and rolling around. By rapidly flapping his arms and legs, Yoshi can hover in midair or even gain height (depending on the game), this "flutter jump" makes difficult jumps much easier to accomplish. Yoshi is also a heavy user of the ground pound, dropping from the air onto targets. Yoshi's large nose allows him to detect hidden collectibles by smell, and aside from kicks and tail whips, is Yoshi's main instrument of close-range combat.


Yoshis come in a variety of colours, including green, red, blue, yellow, cyan, pink, purple, black, white, orange, and brown. In some games the colour of a Yoshi provides additional abilities: in '']'', Red Yoshis can breathe fire, Blue Yoshis have wings, and Yellow Yoshis produce damaging dust clouds on landing. In other games, eating fruit changes a Yoshi's colour and provides an ability; Yoshis in '']'' can spit fruit juice to defeat enemies and create platforms, while those in '']'' can use fruit to gain super speed, inflate like a balloon, or produce a platform-enabling glow. Yoshis of various colours appear often in multiplayer games as alternate choices, which may or may not have tweaked stats.
The game consists of eight worlds with four sub-levels called "stages" in each world.<ref name= "Booklet 7"/> The final stage of each world takes place in a castle where Bowser or one of his decoys are fought. The game also includes some stages taking place underwater, which contain different enemies. In addition, there are bonuses and secret areas in the game. Most secret areas contain more coins for Mario to collect, but others may contain "warp pipes" which allow Mario to advance to later worlds in the game, skipping over earlier ones.
]


Another one of Yoshi's characteristics is the sounds he makes. In most games up to and including '']'', as well as '']'' and '']'', his vocals consist of record-scratching noises for positive interactions and whistling noises for negative interactions. In '']'', '']'', '']'', and almost every game since '']'', his vocals consist of high-pitched baby-ish squeals backed with numerous unintelligible words and his own name, as well as the ]. Because his name is one of his vocalizations, it is a common misconception that he talks by repeating it numerous times. The character's voice is played by ], the composer of ''Yoshi's Story''.
==Development==
''Super Mario Bros'' is the successor to the 1983 ] '']'', and was designed by ] and ], both of whom belonged to ]'s former ] at the time.<ref name="iwataasks25_1">{{cite web|url=http://us.wii.com/iwata_asks/mario25th/vol5_page1.jsp|title=Using the D-pad to Jump|work=Iwata Asks: Super Mario Bros. 25th Anniversary Vol. 5: Original Super Mario Developers|publisher=]|date=1 February 2011|accessdate=1 February 2011}}</ref><ref name="designers">{{cite video game|title=Super Mario Bros. Deluxe|developer=]|publisher=]|date=10 May 1999|platform=]|scene=staff credits}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://us.wii.com/iwata_asks/nsmb/vol2_page2.jsp|title=I'd Never Heard Of Pac-Man|work= Iwata Asks: New Super Mario Bros. Wii Vol. 2|publisher=]|date=11 December 2009|accessdate=1 February 2011}}</ref> The game's development was motivated by a desire to give Famicom (i.e., ] ]) a ] in light of the forthcoming ], and to further progress Nintendo's work on "Athletic games". Originally, the game was based around a shooting mechanic with very different controls.<ref>{{cite web|last=Gantayat|first=Anoop|title=Super Mario Bros. Originally Had Beam Guns and Rocket Packs|url=http://www.andriasang.com/e/blog/2010/10/25/mario_original_control_scheme/|publisher=Andriasang|accessdate=25 October 2010}}</ref> This may have made the final product as a special level, but a desire to focus on jumping and the mapping of the mechanic to the A button resulted in its being dropped. Unlike in ''Mario Bros.'', where Mario would be hurt by stomping on turtles without first flipping them on their backs, Mario could defeat turtles by stomping on their shells, as the developers decided the previous method had been illogical. The ability to have Mario change size was a result of basing level design around a smaller Mario, then intending to make his size bigger in the final version. They later decided it would be fun to have Mario become bigger as a ]. Early level design was focused on teaching players that Mushrooms were distinct from Goombas and would be beneficial to them: In World 1, level 1, the first Mushroom is difficult to avoid if it is released.<ref>{{cite web|title= Letting Everyone Know It Was A Good Mushroom|url=http://us.wii.com/iwata_asks/nsmb/vol1_page4.jsp| work=Iwata Asks: New Super Mario Bros Wii|publisher=Nintendo|accessdate=24 October 2010}}</ref>


In ''Super Mario World'', '']'', ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'', ''Super Mario Galaxy 2'', and ''New Super Mario Bros. U'', ] (or other appropriate percussion instrument) are added to the level's background music whenever a player rides Yoshi; also, in ''New Super Mario Bros. U'', a choir is added to the level's background music whenever a player is holding a baby Yoshi. While being ridden, Yoshi acts as an extra ]; taking damage will cause Mario (or whoever is riding Yoshi) to fly off. This makes Yoshi start to panic and run around haphazardly until remounted.
Using Mushrooms to change size was influenced by folk tales in which people wander into forests and eat magical Mushrooms; this also resulted in the game world getting the name "Mushroom Kingdom". The "Infinite 1-Up" trick was by design, but the developers did not expect players to be able to master it as well as they did.<ref>{{cite web|last=Gifford|first=Kevin|title=Super Mario Bros.' 25th: Miyamoto Reveals All|url=http://www.1up.com/news/super-mario-bros-25th-miyamoto|publisher= 1UP|accessdate=24 October 2010}}</ref>


== Appearances ==
Development was aimed at keeping things simple, in order to have a new game available for the end-of-year shopping season.<ref>{{cite web|title=Keeping It Simple|url=http://www.nintendo.co.uk/NOE/en_GB/news/iwata/super_mario_bros_25th_anniversary_19226_19227.html|work=Iwata Asks: Super Mario Bros. 25th Anniversary.|publisher=Nintendo|accessdate=25 October 2010}}</ref> Originally an idea for a shoot-'em-up stage in which Mario would jump onto a cloud and fire at enemies was to be included; however, this was dropped to maintain the game's focus on jumping action, but the sky-based bonus stages still remained.<ref name="IGNWii">{{cite web|url=http://wii.ign.com/articles/114/1140839p3.html|title=The Mario You Never Knew|last1=Miggels|first1=Brian|last2=Claiborn| first2=Samuel|date=|work=|publisher=]|accessdate=27 March 2011}}</ref>
{{Further|Super Mario Bros. theme}}


]''. The aspect of protecting babies from enemies is an important part of the ''Yoshi's Island'' games.]]
Koji Kondo wrote the six-song musical score for ''Super Mario Bros.''<ref name="composer">{{cite album-notes|url=http://vgmdb.net/album/404|title=Famicom 20th Anniversary Original Sound Tracks Vol. 1|year=2004|publisher=Scitron Digital Contents Inc.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2007/03/72971|title=Behind the Mario Maestro's Music|accessdate=26 June 2010|work=Wired News|date=15 March 2007}}</ref> Before ] began, a prototype was presented to Kondo for the game, only to see where Mario was, as he ran through a big black area and jumped. Kondo wrote the score with the help of small ]s for an appropriate melody of this scene. After the development of the game showed progress, he realized that his play did not quite fit the storyline, so he changed it a bit by increasing the ].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.1up.com/do/feature?cId=3163588|title=Super Mario Bros. Composer Koji Kondo Interview | work = 1up.com |accessdate=21 April 2012 }}</ref> He composed his main motive in about synchronization with the control rate, which would require a new player for the game characters. The musical elements were adjusted to the expected reactions of the player. <!-- This sentence makes no sense (preserved in case someone wants to fix it): Typically for a new player it is, therefore, the starting point of the first level to be seen briefly, before Mario starts running at the sight of the first opponent to reverse itself again then immediately turn around and eventually the enemy. --> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gametrailers.com/video/japanese-soundtrack-super-mario/100665|title=Super Mario Bros. Video Game, Japanese Soundtrack Illustration|work=]|accessdate=21 April 2012}}</ref>
Yoshi made his debut in '']'' as a native ] that ] or ] could ride on in order to eat enemies and otherwise navigate Dinosaur Land more quickly and easily. This game spawned a prequel entitled '']'' for the ] in which the player could control Yoshi in order to keep Baby Mario out of harm's way as they advanced through the game. This led to a spin-off series of games including '']'' for the '']'', '']'' for the ], '']'' for the ], and a number of games for the ], including '']'', '']'', and '']''.


Although he was introduced on the SNES in 1990, Yoshi was also the star of two self-titled games for the original NES released in '92 and '93: '']'' and '']'', respectively. Both of these games were released for the ] as well. He also appeared as a supporting cast member in '']'' for NES, SNES and MS-DOS in 1993.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mobygames.com/game/nes/mario-is-missing |title=Mario is Missing! for NES |publisher=MobyGames |date=2003-09-26 |accessdate=2010-11-09}}</ref> Yoshi appeared in '']'' as a non-playable character who could be seen upon completion of the game. He also appeared in the '']'' as a playable (and starring) character, and in '']'' where he could be ridden on by Mario in the same fashion as in ''Super Mario World''. However in this game, he is portrayed as a tropical Yoshi who changes to different colors after eating different fruits. Yoshi appears in '']'', and his role in the game is very similar to his original role in ''Super Mario World''. A number of different colored Yoshis can be obtained by hitting blocks throughout the game. He can then be ridden by characters in the game, though his color no longer represents special abilities. Yoshi also appears in the game '']'', where he can also float across the air for a limited period of time by fluttering his feet at an amazing speed. Power-ups allow him to run up walls; turn into a ballon; and glow, lighting platforms that are only tangible when visible.<ref name=galaxy2>{{cite web|url=http://www.destructoid.com/back-in-the-saddle-with-yoshi-in-super-mario-galaxy-2-164910.phtml|title=Back in the saddle with Yoshi in Super Mario Galaxy 2|publisher=DESTRUCTOID|first=Nick|last=Chester|accessdate=May 2012}}</ref> Yoshi was also intended to appear in the original '']'' but was removed because, according to ] in an ''Iwata Asks'' session, it would be "too much all at once."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.siliconera.com/2010/06/09/yoshi-originally-intended-for-first-mario-galaxy/|title=Yoshi Originally Intended For First Super Mario Galaxy|author=Ishaan|publisher=SiliconEra|accessdate=July 2012}}</ref> Yoshi also appears in '']'' with the same gameplay mechanics from it's Wii predecessor.
==The Minus World==
The "Minus World" (also referred to as "World Negative One") is the name given to an unbeatable ] level in ''Super Mario Bros.'' World 1-2 contains a hidden warp zone, with warp pipes that transport the player to Worlds 2, 3, and 4, accessed by running over a wall near the exit. If the player is able to exploit a bug that allows Mario to pass through bricks, the player can enter the warp zone by passing through the wall and the pipe to World 4-1 may instead transport the player to a stage labeled "World -1".<ref name=TMKBugs>{{cite web|url=http://themushroomkingdom.net/bugs/1|title=Super Mario Brothers bugs and glitches|publisher=themushroomkingdom.net| accessdate=27 August 2008}}</ref> This stage's map is identical to Worlds 2-2 and 7-2, but upon entering the warp pipe at the end, the player is taken back to the start of the level, thus trapping the player in the level until losing all extra lives.<ref name=MinusW>{{cite web|url= http://themushroomkingdom.net/bugs/1|title=Minus World|publisher=The Mushroom Kingdom|accessdate=6 August 2011}}</ref> Although the level name is shown as "&nbsp;-1" (note the leading space) on the ], it is actually World 36-1; the game displays tile #36, which is a blank space, to the left of the hyphen.<ref name=world36>{{cite web|url= http://www.transmissionzero.co.uk/computing/mario-minus-world/|title=Minus World|publisher= transmissionzero.co.uk|accessdate=4 January 2009}} "The 'Minus Cave' isn't a secret bonus level, and in fact isn't really numbered "−1" at all. The level is actually numbered "36–1", but the number "36" happens to be represented by a blank tile in the game. This gives the impression that the screen reads 'World −1'."</ref>


In the ] title '']'', Mario rescues a Yoshi egg that hatches and joins his team during the third chapter of the game entitled "Of Glitz And Glory". The player can then name the Yoshi character. The color of the Yoshi changes depending on the amount of time that passes between rescuing the egg and the egg hatching.
The Minus World bug in the Japanese ] version of the game behaves differently and creates multiple, completable stages. "World -1" is an underwater version of World 1-3 with an alternate ], and contains ]s of Princess Toadstool, Bowser, and Hammer Bros. "World -2" is an identical copy of World 7-3, and "World -3" is a copy of World 4-4, also with an alternate color palette, and contains flying Bloopers, no Bowser, and water instead of lava. After completing these levels, the player returns to the ] as if the game was completed.<ref name=kotaku1/>


=== Other appearances ===
The Minus World bug was fixed in '']'' and subsequent remakes;<ref name=TMKBugs/> however, the ] releases for Wii and 3DS allow players to perform the glitch, as they are emulations of the original ''Super Mario Bros.''
Yoshi has appeared in nearly all of the Mario sports and spin-off games. He appears in every game of the '']'' series as a playable character (usually with a light weight). He also appears in every '']'' game to date as a playable character. He has also made appearances in multiple ''Mario'' sports titles, including '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'' and '']''.<ref>{{cite web|author=Rob Burman and Matt Casamassina |work=IGN UK |url=http://wii.ign.com/articles/776/776460p1.html |title=IGN: Mario and Sonic Together at Last |publisher=Wii.ign.com |date=2007-03-28 |accessdate=2010-11-09}}</ref> Yoshi's attributes in these games trend towards the lightweight side of the spectrum, often with high footspeed and less-than-impressive accuracy.


Yoshi is a playable character in all three titles in the ]. Contrary to his lightweight and speedy portrayal in other games, the Smash Bros. version of Yoshi is a rather heavy character with strong attacks, quick movements, and a difficult-to-interrupt second jump; on the downside, his attacks tend to leave him vulnerable if they miss, and outside his second jump his recovery is almost nonexistent. In '']'', Yoshi's Final Smash is called the "Super Dragon" and by using it, he grows wings and is able to breathe fire and fly for a short time. In the Subspace Emissary, Yoshi is awakened from his sleep by various Subspace enemies and teams up with ] and other Smash Bros. characters to defeat ] and save the world.
==Alternate versions==
As one of Nintendo's most popular games, ''Super Mario Bros.'' has been re-released and remade numerous times, ranging from an arcade version released soon after the original NES release, to the game being available for download on the ]'s ].


Yoshi has made ] appearances in other video games. In '']'', an image of his head appears as a wooden planet that Mario can visit in the ''Space Junk Galaxy''. Yoshi made a cameo appearance in '']'' as one of the competiters in Cranky's Video Game Heroes show. He also made a few cameo appearances in ], specifically in '']'' and '']''. He appears in two ] games for the Nintendo systems: ] and ]. In ''The Twin Snakes'', he and ] are dolls that stand on a desk. If the player shoots him, he'll yell "Yoshi!".<ref name=onm/> In ''Snake Eater 3D'', Yoshi dolls replaces all the cartoon-like frogs, Kerotans, which that appear in all other versions of '']''. Shoot all of them will earn the player the Yoshi rank at the end of the game.
===Ports===
''Super Mario Bros.'' was ported many times in the years following its original release on the NES. A side-scrolling platform game entitled ''Super Mario Bros.'' was released for the ] range of handheld LCD game systems by Nintendo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://p-edge.nl/parachuter/game_watch_games/034_super_mario_bros._crsytal_screen|title=Super Mario Brothers Game & Watch| accessdate=23 August 2008|work=Parachuter}}</ref> The Game & Watch ''Super Mario Bros.'' is an entirely new game, featuring none of the stages from the NES original. In Japan, ''Super Mario Bros.'' was released for the ], Nintendo's proprietary ] drive for the Famicom.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://themushroomkingdom.net/smb_j-e.shtml| title=TMK From Japanese To English: Super Mario Bros.|accessdate=14 May 2008|publisher= themushroomkingdom.net}}</ref> This version also had multiple Minus World levels<ref name=kotaku1>{{cite web|url=http://kotaku.com/gaming/super-mario-bros/japanese-famicom-smb-minus-world-203229.php|title=Japanese Famicom SMB Minus World|accessdate=27 August 2008|publisher=Kotaku}}</ref> and featured on its packaging an artwork drawn by Miyamoto himself.<ref>{{cite web|title=My First Project: Draw a Rug|url=http://www.nintendo.co.uk/NOE/en_GB/systems/volume_8_14207.html#top|work=Iwata Asks: Volume 8 - Flipnote Studio - An Animation Class.|publisher=Nintendo|accessdate=5 June 2012}}</ref> It was also released for the ] with other games on the same cartridge (''Super Mario Bros./Duck Hunt'' and ''Super Mario Bros./Duck Hunt/World Class Track Meet'').


=== Appearances in other media ===
===''Vs. Super Mario Bros.''===
An ] followed '']'', bearing the same name, and was similar in plotline to the previous series, '']'', and '']'', but with a different setting. The show featured Yoshi as a regular character, voiced by ]. Yoshi was featured as a young dinosaur who often talked in ], (This caused people to believe that an error in '']'' was intentional) and in the final episode of the ''Super Mario World'' series entitled ''Mama Luigi'', he was portrayed as a baby Yoshi that ] came across in a "?" block a short while after a Fire Sumo made him fall into a crack in the ground. He was featured in the '']''. He is also featured prominently in the '']'' comic serial printed in ]. Yoshi was also featured in the '']'' movie. In the movie, Yoshi took the form of a realistic ] dinosaur. In the movie, Yoshi was ] pet and is referred to as a "Throw-Back" by Koopa; he joined Daisy's side and eventually protected her with his own body against a stabbing. In the end, he is seen alive with ] and ].
One alternate version, ''Vs. Super Mario Bros.'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arcadeflyers.com/?page=thumbs&db=videodb&id=6009|title=Vs. Mario's Adventure|accessdate=21 April 2008|work= arcadeflyers.com}}</ref> is nearly a separate game in its own right. This game, one of several games made for Nintendo's NES-based ], the ] (and its variant, the Nintendo Vs. Dualsystem), is based on ''Super Mario Bros.'', and has an identical format. The stages, however, are different; the early stages are subtly different, with small differences like the omission of ] mushrooms or other hidden items, narrower platforms and more dangerous enemies, but later stages are changed entirely. These changes have a net effect of making ''Vs. Super Mario Bros.'' much more difficult than the original ''Super Mario Bros.''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://themushroomkingdom.net/games/vssmb|title=Vs. Super Mario Bros.|accessdate=27 August 2008|work=themushroomkingdom.net}}</ref> Many of these later, changed stages reappeared in the Japanese '']''.
{{Clear}}


== Reception ==
As with many older arcade games, it is unclear exactly when this game was released; while the arcade boards themselves are stamped "1985",<ref name="boards1985">passport (29 December 2001). . Everything2. URL accessed 21 November 2005.</ref> the Killer List of Video Games, the title screen, and the ] game listing list the game as having been released in 1986.<ref name= "klov1986">{{cite web|url= http://www.klov.com/game_detail.php?game_id=10371|title=Vs. Super Mario Bros.|publisher=Killer List of Video Games|accessdate=27 August 2008}}</ref>


Yoshi is one of the more recognizable characters in the ''Mario'' series. Yoshi is also featured in a myriad of Mario merchandise; he is the subject of toys, shirts, and figures. Yoshi also appeared in two of the ] promotions of Mario toys which only starred ], ], and Yoshi himself.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.toymania.com/news/messages/8552.shtml |title=McDonald's: Take the Mario Challenge - Raving Toy Maniac |publisher=Toymania.com |date= |accessdate=2010-11-09}}</ref> In a poll conducted in 2008, Yoshi was voted as the third-favorite video game character in Japan, with ] and ] placing second and first, respectively.<ref>{{cite web |title=And Japan's Favorite Video Game Characters Are...?|url=http://m.kotaku.com/5035884/and-japans-favorite-video-game-characters-are|publisher=Kotaku |accessdate=2009-09-12 |date=2008-08-12}}</ref> ] has created a special tribute video for Yoshi for the release of '']''.<ref>{{cite web|author=Posted: May 20, 2010 |url=http://www.gametrailers.com/video/life-and-super-mario/100394 |title=Super Mario Galaxy 2 Video Game, Life And Times Of Yoshi &#124; Video Clip &#124; Game Trailers & Videos |publisher=GameTrailers.com |date=2010-05-20 |accessdate=2010-11-09}}</ref>
===''All Night Nippon Super Mario Bros.''===
''All Night Nippon Super Mario Bros.'' is a very rare version of ''Super Mario Bros.'' with graphics based upon the popular Japanese radio show '']''. The game, which was only released in Japan for the ], was a special promotional version that was given away by the show in 1986. The creators altered the sprites of the enemies, mushroom retainers, and other characters to look like famous Japanese music idols, recording artists, and DJs as well as other people related to ''All-Night Nippon''. They also used the same slightly upgraded graphics that '']'' used. It was published by ], the same company that published the game '']'' (which was later modified into the '']'' that was released outside Japan).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://themushroomkingdom.net/games/annsmb| title=All Night Nippon Super Mario Bros.|accessdate=27 August 2008|work=themushroomkingdom.net}}</ref>


Yoshi ranked at #1 on WhatCulture's list of "20 Top Video Game Sidekicks Of All Time", stating "there is no greater joy than hitting a question block and finding a Yoshi egg" and that he is as fun as possible.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://whatculture.com/gaming/20-top-video-game-sidekicks-of-all-time.php |title=20 Top Video Game Sidekicks Of All Time |publisher=Whatculture.com |date=2011-09-23 |accessdate=2011-12-30}}</ref> ] listed Yoshi as the third best sidekick in video games, commenting that he's one of the most adorable video game characters.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cheatcc.com/extra/top10videogamesidekicks2.html#.Tv3euDVO-Tk |title=Top 10 Video Game Sidekicks - Cheat Code Central |publisher=Cheatcc.com |date= |accessdate=2011-12-30}}</ref> ] listed Yoshi as 2nd on their top 10 Mario characters.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.screwattack.com/news/top-10-mario-characters|title=Top 10 Mario Characters|publisher=Screw Attack|accessdate=May 2012}}</ref> ] ranked Yoshi as the seventh best videogame sidekick, listing him over Luigi by reasoning only Yoshi can pull off being green and still be cool.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespy.com/articles/489/489774p4.html |title=Top Ten Videogame Sidekicks - Page 4 |publisher=GameSpy |date= |accessdate=2011-12-30}}</ref> ] placed Yoshi at fourth among "The 25 Most Kickass Dragons in Video Games", adding "Yoshi would have to be one of the best sidekicks of all time".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.complex.com/video-games/2012/02/the-25-most-kickass-dragons-in-video-games#23 |title=The 25 Most Kickass Dragons in Video Games |publisher=Complex |date=2012-02-03 |accessdate=2012-07-30}}</ref> Australia's '']'' called Yoshi a "cute, trustworthy, a plumber's best friend" and compared him to a loyal dog.<ref name=onm/> Yoshi is ranked 52nd on GamesRadar's Top 100 video game heroes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamesradar.com/top-100-video-game-heroes/|title=100 best heroes in video games|publisher=GamesRadar}}</ref> A recent issue of the ''Guinness Book of World Records'' included Yoshi among their list of the "Top 50 Video Game Characters of All Time" with Yoshi being the second highest-ranked ''Mario'' character with Mario being the first.
Instead of being a straight port from ''Super Mario Bros.'' with graphical changes, ''All Night Nippon Super Mario Bros.'' combined variations of levels from ''Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels'' and ''Super Mario Bros.''


== References ==
===''Super Mario Bros. Special''===
{{Reflist|2}}
'''''Super Mario Bros. Special''''' was a game released only in Japan by ] for the ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://themushroomkingdom.net/games/smbs|title=Super Mario Bros. Special|accessdate=3 January 2010|publisher=themushroomkingdom.net}}</ref> and ] computers in 1986. Although it has similar controls and graphics, there are new level layouts and the game scrolls in a different manner than the original game (differing based on the computer). In addition, many new enemies are included, including enemies from ''Mario Bros.'' and ''Donkey Kong''.


== External links ==
On the NEC version, the game goes at a greater speed, meaning that the timer drains more swiftly, and the screen does not scroll. The Sharp X1 version has a speed that is much closer to the original game. Neither version features Luigi or a two-player mode.
{{Misplaced Pages books|Mario series characters}}
{{Portal|Mario|Fictional characters}}
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{{Yoshi series}}
===''Super Mario All-Stars''===
{{Mario franchise}}
In 1993,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/snes/action/supermariocollection/index.html?tag=result;title;0|title=SNES: Super Mario All-Stars|accessdate=27 August 2008| publisher=]}}</ref> Nintendo released an enhanced ] compilation titled '']''. It includes all of the ''Super Mario Bros.'' games released for the ] and Famicom. The version of ''Super Mario Bros.'' included in the compilation has improved graphics and sound to match the SNES's 16-bit capabilities, as well as minor alterations in some collision mechanics. Another new feature introduced in this game is the ability for the player to switch to Luigi after the end of the stage, unlike in the original ''Super Mario Bros.'' where the second player could only play after Mario died. The new version also included a save game feature. Several glitches from the original NES release were also fixed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://themushroomkingdom.net/games/smas| title=Super Mario All-Stars|accessdate=27 August 2008|publisher=themushroomkingdom.net}}</ref> This version has also been released for the ] under a re-packaged, special 25th anniversary compilation known as '']''.


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===''Super Mario Bros. Deluxe''===
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''Super Mario Bros.'' was released on the ] in 1999<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.gamespot.com/gbc/action/supermariodx/index.html?tag=result;title;0|title=Game Boy Color: Super Mario Bros. Deluxe|accessdate=27 August 2008|publisher=GameSpot}}</ref> under the title ''Super Mario Bros. Deluxe''. It featured an overworld level map, simultaneous multiplayer, a Challenge mode (in which the player had to find hidden objects and achieve a certain score in addition to normally completing the level) and eight additional worlds based on the main worlds of the Japanese '']'' (which was released on ''Super Mario All-Stars'' as ''Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels'') as an unlockable extra, under the name "For Super Players". It also was compatible with the ]. The game did not, however, feature any upgraded visuals (aside from some graphics such as water and lava now being animated rather than static), and, since the screen resolution of the Game Boy Color was smaller than the NES, the view distance of the player is reduced. To compensate, players can press up and down to see above and below the player. Pressing select during the game also places the player in the middle or off to the left of the screen so that player can see well. Players can also go back for a very short distance instead of going a one way direction. Players can alternate between Mario and Luigi by pressing select on the map screen,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://themushroomkingdom.net/manuals/smbdx.txt|title=Super Mario Bros. DX Manual|accessdate=27 August 2008|work=themushroomkingdom.net}}</ref> and Luigi's outfit was changed from the original white overalls and green shirt to green overalls and brown shirt to better match Mario and the more common color palette. Fire Luigi, originally identical to Fire Mario, took on normal Luigi’s original colors to fit with his Fire colors in later games.{{citation}}
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The game holds an aggregate score of 92.11 percent on ], coming in as the second best game on the Game Boy Color and the 150th best game overall on its lists.<ref name="grdeluxe">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamerankings.com/htmlpages4/198850.asp|title=Super Mario Bros. Deluxe Reviews|publisher=]|accessdate=24 April 2008}}</ref> ]'s Craig Harris gave it a perfect score, praising it as a perfect translation of the NES game. He hoped that it would be the example for other NES games to follow when being ported to the Game Boy Color.<ref>{{cite web| last=Harris|first=Craig|authorlink=Craig Harris (journalist)|url=http://gameboy.ign.com/articles/161/161703p1.html|title=IGN: Super Mario Bros. Deluxe Review|publisher=]|date=21 July 1999 |accessdate=23 April 2008}}</ref> ] gave the game a 9.9, hailing it as the "]" for the Game Boy Color and praising the controls and the visuals (it was also the highest rated game in the series, later surpassed by ] which holds a perfect 10).<ref name=Spot>{{cite web|last=Davs|first=Cameron|url= http://www.gamespot.com/gbc/action/supermariodx/review.html|title=Super Mario Bros. Deluxe for Game Boy Color Review - Game Boy Color Super Mario Bros. Deluxe Review|publisher=]|date= 28 January 2000|accessdate=23 Aprile 2008}}</ref> Both gave it their Editors' Choice Award.<ref name= "igned">{{cite web|title=IGN Editors' Choice Games|url=http://gameboy.ign.com/index/choice.html|publisher=]|accessdate=18 April 2008}}</ref><ref name="gsed">{{cite web| title=Super Mario Bros. Deluxe for GBC - Super Mario Bros. Deluxe Game Boy Color - Super Mario Bros. Deluxe GBC Game|url=http://www.gamespot.com/gbc/action/supermariodx/index.html?tag=result;title;0|publisher=]|accessdate=19 April 2008}}</ref> ]'s Colin Williamson praised the porting of the game as well as the extras, noting the only flaw of the game being that sometimes the camera goes with Mario as he jumps up.<ref>{{cite web|last=Williamson|first=Colin| url=http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=16967&tab=review|title=Super Mario Bros. Deluxe - Review| publisher=allgame|date=3 October 2010|accessdate=13 December 2010}}</ref> Nintendo World Report's Jon Lindemann, in 2009, called it their "(Likely) 1999 NWR Handheld Game of the Year," calling the quality of its porting and offerings undeniable.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/feature/17900|title=Feature - 1999 NWR Handheld Game of the Year |publisher=Nintendo World Report|date=7 March 2009|accessdate=13 December 2010}}</ref> Nintendo Life gave it a perfect score, noting that it retains the qualities of the original game and the extras.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://retro.nintendolife.com/reviews/2010/03/super_mario_bros_deluxe_retro1| title=Super Mario Bros. Deluxe (Retro) review|publisher=Retro.nintendolife.com|date=29 March 2010| accessdate=13 December 2010}}</ref> '']''′ Robb Guido commented that in this form, ''Super Mario Bros.'' "never looked better."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/42403860.html?dids=42403860:42403860&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+14%2C+1999&author=ROBB+GUIDO&pub=St.+Petersburg+Times&desc=Games+heat+up+for+the+summer+Series%3A+TECH+TIMES%3B+SUMMER+tech+guide+for+kids%3B+games&pqatl=google|title=Games heat up for the summer Series: TECH TIMES; SUMMER tech guide for kids; games|publisher=Pqasb.pqarchiver.com|date=14 June 1999|accessdate=12 December 2010|first=Robb|last=Guido}}</ref> The '']''′s Nick S. agreed, praising the visuals and the controls.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=sb4wAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4fwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1628,4289861&dq=super-mario-bros-deluxe&hl=en|title='Super Mario Bros. Deluxe' is Back|publisher=Lakeland Ledger |date=25 August 1999|accessdate=13 December 2010}}</ref> In 2004, a ] of ''Super Mario Bros.'' (part of the ]) was released, which had none of the extras or unlockables available in ''Super Mario Bros. Deluxe''. Of that version, ] noted that the version did not "offer nearly as much as what was already given on the Game Boy Color" and gave it an 8.0 out of 10.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gameboy.ign.com/articles/499/499470p1.html|title=Classic NES Series: Super Mario Bros. review|last=Harris|first=Craig| authorlink=Craig Harris (journalist)|date=4 June 2004|publisher=IGN}}</ref> ''Super Mario Bros. Deluxe'' ranked third in the best-selling handheld game charts in the U.S. between 6 and 12 June 1999<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gameboy.ign.com/articles/068/068600p1.html|title=Pocket Charts - GBA News at IGN|publisher=Gameboy.ign.com|date=25 June 1999|accessdate=13 December 2010}}</ref> and sold over 2.8 million copies in the U.S.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.the-magicbox.com/Chart-USPlatinum.shtml|title=The Magic Box - US Platinum Chart Games.|publisher=The Magic Box|date= 27 December 2007|accessdate=19 April 2008}}</ref> It was included on ] flights in 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/BU0611/S00477.htm|title=Rugrats, the Barnyard Animals on Singapore Air &#124; Scoop News |publisher=Scoop.co.nz|date=27 November 2006| accessdate=13 December 2010}}</ref> Lindermann noted ''Deluxe'' as a notable handheld release in 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/feature/17901|title=Feature - 1999: The Year in Review|publisher=Nintendo World Report|date=7 March 2009|accessdate=13 December 2010}}</ref>
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==Reception and legacy==
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''Super Mario Bros.'' popularized the ] genre of video games and led to many sequels in the series that built upon the same basic premise. Altogether, excluding ] and ] sales, the game has sold 40.24 million copies, making it the best-selling video game in the ''Mario'' series and the second
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best-selling game in the world. IGN had given the game a 9.5 a week before release day<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamecubicle.com/features-mario-units_sold_sales.htm|title=Super Mario Sales Data: Historical Unit Numbers for Mario Bros on NES, SNES, N64...|publisher= GameCubicle.com|accessdate=27 August 2008}}</ref> Almost all of the game's aspects have been praised at one time or another, from its large cast of characters to a diverse set of levels. One of the most-praised aspects of the game is the precise controls. The player is able to control how high and far Mario or Luigi jumps, and how fast he can run.<ref name="gs vcReview">{{cite web|url= http://www.gamespot.com/super-mario-bros/reviews/super-mario-bros-review-6163683/|title=Super Mario Bros. Review|accessdate=30 November 2008|last=Gerstmann|first=Jeff|authorlink=Jeff Gerstmann|date=2 January 2007|publisher= GameSpot}}</ref> ] listed it as the fourth best ] video game, describing it as the game that started the modern era of video games as well as "]'s masterpiece".<ref>{{cite journal|date=August 2008|title=Nintendo Power - The 20th Anniversary Issue!|volume=231|series=]|issue=231|page=71|publisher=]|location=]|format=Magazine}}</ref> The game ranked first on '']''′s "Greatest 200 Games of Their Time" list<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.1up.com/do/feature?pager.offset=10&cId=3147448|title=The Greatest 200 Videogames of Their Time|work=]| accessdate=27 August 2008}}</ref> and was named in ]'s top 100 games of all time list twice (in 2005 and 2007).<ref>{{cite web| url=http://top100.ign.com/2005/001-010.html|title=IGN's Top 100 Games|year=2005|publisher=]| accessdate=27 August 2008}}</ref> ] declared it the second-best ''Mario'' game of all time.<ref></ref> In 2009, '']'' put ''Super Mario Bros.'' in second place on their list of "The Top 200 Games of All Time," behind '']'', saying that it "remains a monument to brilliant design and fun gameplay".<ref name= "gi_best">{{cite journal|author=The ''Game Informer'' staff|title=The Top 200 Games of All Time| pages=44–79|issue=200|month=December|year=2009|journal=]|issn=1067-6392|oclc= 27315596}}</ref> In 2012, G4 ranked ''Super Mario Bros.'' first of the "Top 100 Video Games of All Time," citing its revolutionary gameplay as well as its role in ].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.g4tv.com/top-100/478/super-mario-bros/|title=G4TV's Top 100 Games - 1 Super Mario Bros.|year=2012|publisher=]| accessdate=27 June 2012}}</ref>
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The game was succeeded by two separate sequels that were produced for different markets: a ] which features the same game format as the original and a ] that was localized from an originally unrelated game titled '']''. In both cases, the games are titled ''Super Mario Bros. 2'', causing both games to be rereleased in different countries with different titles.
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''Super Mario Bros.'' has spawned many successors: '']'' (named ''Super Mario Bros. 2'' in Japan), '']'' (released in Japan as ''Super Mario USA''), '']'', '']'' (which had the working title of ''Super Mario Bros. 4'') for the ], '']'' (for ]), '']'' (for ]), '']'' (for ]), '']'', '']'', '']'' (for ]), '']'', '']'' (for ]), and '']'' (for ]).
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The game's sequels also inspired products in various media, such as an American television series, '']'', from 1989, and a live-action film, '']'', released in 1993.
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In the ] case ], the ] submitted an ''amicus'' brief citing social research that declared ''Super Mario Bros'' to be a violent video game. It was compared to ] and ], cartoons that depict a similar form of violence with little negative reaction from the public.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hoffman|first=Gene| title=How the Wrong Decision in ''Schwarzenegger v. EMA'' Could Cripple Video Game Innovation| publisher=Xconomy.com|date=27 September 2010|accessdate=27 September 2010|url= http://www.xconomy.com/san-francisco/2010/09/27/how-the-wrong-decision-in-schwarzenegger-v-ema-could-cripple-video-game-innovation/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Schwarzenegger|first=Arnold| authorlink=Arnold Schwarzenegger|date=September 2010|title=Brief of the Progress & Freedom Foundation and the Electronic Frontier Foundation as ''Amici Curiae'' in Support of Respondents|url =http://www.eff.org/files/filenode/schwarzenegger_v/EFFPFFamicus.pdf|accessdate=5 October 2010}}</ref>
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''Super Mario Bros'' (along with many other Nintendo games) was proved to be ] by Greg Aloupis, ] and Alan Guoyz.<ref>Greg Aloupis, Erik Demaine and Alan Guoyz. </ref>
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The game has inspired many iOS ], most notably ] PapiJump Cave.
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==Re-releases==
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In early 2003, Nintendo re-released the game on the ] in Japan as part of their Famicom Minis collection and in the U.S. as part of the ]. Unlike previous re-releases, these versions contain no graphical updates and all of the original ]es remain. ''Super Mario Bros.'' was one of the best-selling of these re-releases; according to the NPD Group (which tracks game sales in North America), this re-released version of ''Super Mario Bros.'' was the best-selling Game Boy Advance game in June 2004 to December 2004.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.gamespot.com/gba/action/famicomminisupermariobros/news.html?sid=6103856|title= ChartSpot: June 2004|accessdate=27 August 2008|last=Thorsen|first=Tor|date=21 November 2005| publisher=GameSpot}}</ref> In 2005, Nintendo released this game again for the GBA as part of its 20th Anniversary with a special edition, which sold approximately 876,000 units.<ref name="gbasales">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/php-bin/news_index.php?story=6766|title= Japanese Sales Charts, Week Ending October 2|accessdate=27 August 2008|last=Jenkins|first=David| date=7 October 2005|publisher=]}}</ref> ''Super Mario Bros.'' is also one of the 19 ] games included in the ] game '']''. The only known way to unlock ''Super Mario Bros.'' is by use of a game modification device, like the ] or ]. The game is fully emulated (in fact, it is the original ]), so it includes every glitch from the NES including the Minus World glitch. ''Super Mario Bros.'' was released on 2 December 2006 in ], 25 December 2006 in North America and 5 January 2007 in ] regions for ]'s ]. As it is a copy of the original game, all glitches—including the Minus World—remain in the game.<ref name="gs vcReview"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wii.ign.com/articles/770/770594p1.html|title=Super Mario Bros. VC Review|accessdate=30 November 2008|last=Birnbaum|first=Mark|date=6 March 2007|publisher=IGN}}</ref> ''Super Mario Bros.'' is also one of the trial games available in the "Masterpieces" section in '']''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smashbros.com/en_us/gamemode/various/various23.html|title=Masterpieces|accessdate=25 January 2008|work=Smash Bros. DOJO!!}}</ref> ''Super Mario Bros.'' was released on the ] in September 2011 for members of Nintendo's 3DS Ambassador Program, and a general release came through in Japan on 5 January 2012, in North America on 16 February 2012 and in Europe on 1 March 2012.
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==References==
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*{{Cite book|publisher=]|year=1988|title=Duck Hunt/Super Mario Bros. instruction booklet |location=USA|id=NES-MH-USA}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Mario|Nintendo|Video games|1980s}}
{{Misplaced Pages books|Mario franchise video games|Mario video games}}
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* - Story and video featuring Andrew Gardikis, ''Super Mario Bros.'' speed run world champion, by ''The Boston Globe Magazine'', August 2007

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Revision as of 13:19, 26 November 2012

This article is about the Nintendo character. For other uses, see Yoshi (disambiguation). Fictional character
Yoshi
'Mario/Yoshi' character
File:YoshiMarioParty9.pngYoshi as he appears in Mario Party 9 (2012).
First gameSuper Mario World (1990)
Created byShigefumi Hino

Yoshi (ヨッシー, Yosshī, sometimes romanized Yossy in earlier Japanese materials) /ˈjoʊʃi/, is a fictional dinosaur (referred to as a dragon at times) who appears in video games published by Nintendo. His debut was in Super Mario World (1990) on the Super Nintendo Entertainment System as Mario and Luigi's sidekick (a role he has often reprised), and he later established his own series with several platform and puzzle games, including Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island. He has also appeared in many of the spin-off Mario games including the Mario Party, the Mario Kart, and the Super Smash Bros. series, as well as in other various Mario sports titles. Yoshi also appears in New Super Mario Bros. Wii (2009) as the characters' companion and steed, similar to his original debut role in Super Mario World. Yoshi belongs to the species of the same name which comes in various colors although the most common is green.

Origins

Considered after the development of Super Mario Bros. and the NES release of Yoshi's Cookie, Yoshi's early design differs greatly from the finished appearance

Shigeru Miyamoto stated that Nintendo had wanted Mario to have a dinosaur companion ever since Super Mario Bros.; however, it was not possible because of the limitations of the NES. The inspiration for Yoshi can be traced back further, to the green dragon Tamagon in the 1984 video game Devil World. During the development of Super Mario Bros. 3, Miyamoto had a number of sketches around his desk, including an image of Mario riding a dinosaur. Takashi Tezuka, a Mario series developer, speculated that Miyamoto's love of horse riding as well as country and western influenced Yoshi's creation. The concept of Mario riding a dinosaur also came from the NES video game Excitebike, which featured people riding motorcycles. He again wanted to feature Yoshi in Super Mario Bros. 3, but was still unable to. Tezuka designed two power-ups to make up for this limitation, the raccoon and frog power-ups. Once the more powerful Super NES was released, Miyamoto was finally able to implement Yoshi into the series, putting him into the video game Super Mario World. Yoshi proved to be popular in his debut, which caused the next game in the series, Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island, to focus on his species.

The version of Yoshi seen in the Super Mario Bros. film was made using a 3-foot-tall (0.91 m) animatronic dinosaur. He was designed in the film by Dave Nelson. It had nearly 200 feet of cable and hundreds of moving parts inside of it, and was controlled by nine puppeteers. The body is cable-controlled, while the head is radio-controlled. Nelson described the overall process as being "difficult." The creation of Yoshi was handled by a company independent from the filmmakers.

Characteristics

File:SMWYoshi.png
Yoshi's first appearance in 1990's Super Mario World

Yoshi has a variety of abilities that render him unique amongst other characters in the Mario series. He has a prehensile tongue that can extend a surprising distance, allowing him to eat almost anything; anything that can't be eaten can be spit out at enemies. In some games the tongue can also be used as a grappling hook to pull objects or access otherwise out-of-reach areas. Yoshi is also capable of laying distinctive spotted eggs after swallowing objects, which can then be thrown at enemies or objects; eggs are in fact the primary "logo" of Yoshi in multiplayer games. Yoshi is also capable of forming an egg around himself and rolling around. By rapidly flapping his arms and legs, Yoshi can hover in midair or even gain height (depending on the game), this "flutter jump" makes difficult jumps much easier to accomplish. Yoshi is also a heavy user of the ground pound, dropping from the air onto targets. Yoshi's large nose allows him to detect hidden collectibles by smell, and aside from kicks and tail whips, is Yoshi's main instrument of close-range combat.

Yoshis come in a variety of colours, including green, red, blue, yellow, cyan, pink, purple, black, white, orange, and brown. In some games the colour of a Yoshi provides additional abilities: in Super Mario World, Red Yoshis can breathe fire, Blue Yoshis have wings, and Yellow Yoshis produce damaging dust clouds on landing. In other games, eating fruit changes a Yoshi's colour and provides an ability; Yoshis in Super Mario Sunshine can spit fruit juice to defeat enemies and create platforms, while those in Super Mario Galaxy 2 can use fruit to gain super speed, inflate like a balloon, or produce a platform-enabling glow. Yoshis of various colours appear often in multiplayer games as alternate choices, which may or may not have tweaked stats.

Another one of Yoshi's characteristics is the sounds he makes. In most games up to and including Mario Party 3, as well as New Super Mario Bros. Wii and New Super Mario Bros. U, his vocals consist of record-scratching noises for positive interactions and whistling noises for negative interactions. In Yoshi's Story, Super Smash Bros., Mario Tennis, and almost every game since Super Smash Bros. Melee, his vocals consist of high-pitched baby-ish squeals backed with numerous unintelligible words and his own name, as well as the game's company. Because his name is one of his vocalizations, it is a common misconception that he talks by repeating it numerous times. The character's voice is played by Kazumi Totaka, the composer of Yoshi's Story.

In Super Mario World, Super Mario Sunshine, New Super Mario Bros. Wii, Super Mario Galaxy 2, and New Super Mario Bros. U, bongos (or other appropriate percussion instrument) are added to the level's background music whenever a player rides Yoshi; also, in New Super Mario Bros. U, a choir is added to the level's background music whenever a player is holding a baby Yoshi. While being ridden, Yoshi acts as an extra hit point; taking damage will cause Mario (or whoever is riding Yoshi) to fly off. This makes Yoshi start to panic and run around haphazardly until remounted.

Appearances

File:Yoshi.jpg
Yoshi carrying Baby Mario as seen in Yoshi's Island DS. The aspect of protecting babies from enemies is an important part of the Yoshi's Island games.

Yoshi made his debut in Super Mario World as a native dinosaur that Mario or Luigi could ride on in order to eat enemies and otherwise navigate Dinosaur Land more quickly and easily. This game spawned a prequel entitled Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island for the Super Nintendo in which the player could control Yoshi in order to keep Baby Mario out of harm's way as they advanced through the game. This led to a spin-off series of games including Yoshi's Safari for the SNES, Yoshi's Story for the Nintendo 64, Yoshi's Universal Gravitation for the Game Boy Advance, and a number of games for the Nintendo DS, including Yoshi Touch & Go, Yoshi's Island DS, and Super Mario 64 DS.

Although he was introduced on the SNES in 1990, Yoshi was also the star of two self-titled games for the original NES released in '92 and '93: Yoshi and Yoshi's Cookie, respectively. Both of these games were released for the Game Boy as well. He also appeared as a supporting cast member in Mario is Missing for NES, SNES and MS-DOS in 1993. Yoshi appeared in Super Mario 64 as a non-playable character who could be seen upon completion of the game. He also appeared in the DS remake as a playable (and starring) character, and in Super Mario Sunshine where he could be ridden on by Mario in the same fashion as in Super Mario World. However in this game, he is portrayed as a tropical Yoshi who changes to different colors after eating different fruits. Yoshi appears in New Super Mario Bros. Wii, and his role in the game is very similar to his original role in Super Mario World. A number of different colored Yoshis can be obtained by hitting blocks throughout the game. He can then be ridden by characters in the game, though his color no longer represents special abilities. Yoshi also appears in the game Super Mario Galaxy 2, where he can also float across the air for a limited period of time by fluttering his feet at an amazing speed. Power-ups allow him to run up walls; turn into a ballon; and glow, lighting platforms that are only tangible when visible. Yoshi was also intended to appear in the original Super Mario Galaxy but was removed because, according to Satoru Iwata in an Iwata Asks session, it would be "too much all at once." Yoshi also appears in New Super Mario Bros. U with the same gameplay mechanics from it's Wii predecessor.

In the Gamecube title Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door, Mario rescues a Yoshi egg that hatches and joins his team during the third chapter of the game entitled "Of Glitz And Glory". The player can then name the Yoshi character. The color of the Yoshi changes depending on the amount of time that passes between rescuing the egg and the egg hatching.

Other appearances

Yoshi has appeared in nearly all of the Mario sports and spin-off games. He appears in every game of the Mario Kart series as a playable character (usually with a light weight). He also appears in every Mario Party game to date as a playable character. He has also made appearances in multiple Mario sports titles, including Mario Tennis, Mario Golf, Mario Super Sluggers, Super Mario Strikers and Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games. Yoshi's attributes in these games trend towards the lightweight side of the spectrum, often with high footspeed and less-than-impressive accuracy.

Yoshi is a playable character in all three titles in the Super Smash Bros. series. Contrary to his lightweight and speedy portrayal in other games, the Smash Bros. version of Yoshi is a rather heavy character with strong attacks, quick movements, and a difficult-to-interrupt second jump; on the downside, his attacks tend to leave him vulnerable if they miss, and outside his second jump his recovery is almost nonexistent. In Super Smash Bros. Brawl, Yoshi's Final Smash is called the "Super Dragon" and by using it, he grows wings and is able to breathe fire and fly for a short time. In the Subspace Emissary, Yoshi is awakened from his sleep by various Subspace enemies and teams up with Link and other Smash Bros. characters to defeat Tabuu and save the world.

Yoshi has made cameo appearances in other video games. In Super Mario Galaxy, an image of his head appears as a wooden planet that Mario can visit in the Space Junk Galaxy. Yoshi made a cameo appearance in Donkey Kong Country 2: Diddy's Kong Quest as one of the competiters in Cranky's Video Game Heroes show. He also made a few cameo appearances in The Legend of Zelda series, specifically in Link's Awakening and Ocarina of Time. He appears in two Metal Gear games for the Nintendo systems: The Twin Snakes and Metal Gear Solid: Snake Eater 3D. In The Twin Snakes, he and Mario are dolls that stand on a desk. If the player shoots him, he'll yell "Yoshi!". In Snake Eater 3D, Yoshi dolls replaces all the cartoon-like frogs, Kerotans, which that appear in all other versions of Metal Gear Solid 3. Shoot all of them will earn the player the Yoshi rank at the end of the game.

Appearances in other media

An animated series followed Super Mario World, bearing the same name, and was similar in plotline to the previous series, The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3, and The Super Mario Bros. Super Show, but with a different setting. The show featured Yoshi as a regular character, voiced by Andrew Sabiston. Yoshi was featured as a young dinosaur who often talked in 3rd person, (This caused people to believe that an error in Super Mario 64 was intentional) and in the final episode of the Super Mario World series entitled Mama Luigi, he was portrayed as a baby Yoshi that Luigi came across in a "?" block a short while after a Fire Sumo made him fall into a crack in the ground. He was featured in the Nintendo Adventure Books. He is also featured prominently in the Super Mario Adventures comic serial printed in Nintendo Power. Yoshi was also featured in the Super Mario Bros. movie. In the movie, Yoshi took the form of a realistic animatronic dinosaur. In the movie, Yoshi was King Koopa's pet and is referred to as a "Throw-Back" by Koopa; he joined Daisy's side and eventually protected her with his own body against a stabbing. In the end, he is seen alive with Princess Daisy and Toad.

Reception

Yoshi is one of the more recognizable characters in the Mario series. Yoshi is also featured in a myriad of Mario merchandise; he is the subject of toys, shirts, and figures. Yoshi also appeared in two of the McDonald's Happy Meal promotions of Mario toys which only starred Mario, Donkey Kong, and Yoshi himself. In a poll conducted in 2008, Yoshi was voted as the third-favorite video game character in Japan, with Cloud Strife and Mario placing second and first, respectively. Gametrailers has created a special tribute video for Yoshi for the release of Super Mario Galaxy 2.

Yoshi ranked at #1 on WhatCulture's list of "20 Top Video Game Sidekicks Of All Time", stating "there is no greater joy than hitting a question block and finding a Yoshi egg" and that he is as fun as possible. Cheat Code Central listed Yoshi as the third best sidekick in video games, commenting that he's one of the most adorable video game characters. ScrewAttack listed Yoshi as 2nd on their top 10 Mario characters. GameSpy ranked Yoshi as the seventh best videogame sidekick, listing him over Luigi by reasoning only Yoshi can pull off being green and still be cool. Complex placed Yoshi at fourth among "The 25 Most Kickass Dragons in Video Games", adding "Yoshi would have to be one of the best sidekicks of all time". Australia's Official Nintendo Magazine called Yoshi a "cute, trustworthy, a plumber's best friend" and compared him to a loyal dog. Yoshi is ranked 52nd on GamesRadar's Top 100 video game heroes. A recent issue of the Guinness Book of World Records included Yoshi among their list of the "Top 50 Video Game Characters of All Time" with Yoshi being the second highest-ranked Mario character with Mario being the first.

References

  1. MobyGames, Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island - SNES Cover Art
  2. Nintendo, Yossy Cookie
  3. "Iwata Asks: New Super Mario Bros. Wii". Nintendo. Retrieved 2010-02-25.
  4. ^ "Yoshi Biography". IGN. Retrieved January 3, 2009.
  5. "New Super Mario Bros. Wii Official Website". Nintendo.com. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
  6. Pam Sather, Scott Pelland; et al. (1991), Mario Mania Player’s Guide, Nintendo Power, p. 32, ISBN 0-450-49606-6 {{citation}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)
  7. ^ McLaughlin, Rus. "IGN Presents: The History of Super Mario Bros". IGN. Retrieved May 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  8. ^ "A Brief History of... Yoshi". Official Nintendo Magazine (47). Nintendo: 81–83. 2012. ISSN 1836-4276. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |journal= (help)
  9. "Wii.com - Iwata Asks: New Super Mario Bros. Wii". Us.wii.com. Retrieved 2010-11-09.
  10. "Super Mario Bros. The Movie Archive". Smbmovie.com. Retrieved 2010-11-09.
  11. "Super Mario Bros. The Movie Archive". Smbmovie.com. 2009-03-30. Retrieved 2010-11-09.
  12. "Mario is Missing! for NES". MobyGames. 2003-09-26. Retrieved 2010-11-09.
  13. Chester, Nick. "Back in the saddle with Yoshi in Super Mario Galaxy 2". DESTRUCTOID. Retrieved May 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  14. Ishaan. "Yoshi Originally Intended For First Super Mario Galaxy". SiliconEra. Retrieved July 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  15. Rob Burman and Matt Casamassina (2007-03-28). "IGN: Mario and Sonic Together at Last". IGN UK. Wii.ign.com. Retrieved 2010-11-09.
  16. "McDonald's: Take the Mario Challenge - Raving Toy Maniac". Toymania.com. Retrieved 2010-11-09.
  17. "And Japan's Favorite Video Game Characters Are...?". Kotaku. 2008-08-12. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
  18. Posted: May 20, 2010 (2010-05-20). "Super Mario Galaxy 2 Video Game, Life And Times Of Yoshi | Video Clip | Game Trailers & Videos". GameTrailers.com. Retrieved 2010-11-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  19. "20 Top Video Game Sidekicks Of All Time". Whatculture.com. 2011-09-23. Retrieved 2011-12-30.
  20. "Top 10 Video Game Sidekicks - Cheat Code Central". Cheatcc.com. Retrieved 2011-12-30.
  21. "Top 10 Mario Characters". Screw Attack. Retrieved May 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  22. "Top Ten Videogame Sidekicks - Page 4". GameSpy. Retrieved 2011-12-30.
  23. "The 25 Most Kickass Dragons in Video Games". Complex. 2012-02-03. Retrieved 2012-07-30.
  24. "100 best heroes in video games". GamesRadar.

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