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| '''Kepler-37''' is a yellow dwarf, ], located in the ] ], 215.2 ] from Earth. It is host to ] Kepler-37b, Kepler-37c and Kepler-37d, all of which orbit very close to the star. Kepler-37 has a mass about 80.3 percent of the ] and a radius about 77 percent as large.<ref name=Nature>{{cite journal|title=A sub-Mercury-sized exoplanet|journal=Nature|date=February 20, 2013|accessdate=February 21, 2013}}</ref> It has a temperature similar to that of the Sun, but a bit cooler at 5,417 ]. It has about half the ] of our Sun. With an age of roughly 6 billion years, it is slightly older than the Sun, but is still a main-sequence star. | '''Kepler-37''' is a yellow dwarf, ], located in the ] ], 215.2 ] from Earth. It is host to ] Kepler-37b, Kepler-37c and Kepler-37d, all of which orbit very close to the star. Kepler-37 has a mass about 80.3 percent of the ] and a radius about 77 percent as large.<ref name=Nature>{{cite journal|title=A sub-Mercury-sized exoplanet|author=Thomas Barclay|journal=Nature|date=February 20, 2013|accessdate=February 21, 2013}}</ref> It has a temperature similar to that of the Sun, but a bit cooler at 5,417 ]. It has about half the ] of our Sun. With an age of roughly 6 billion years, it is slightly older than the Sun, but is still a main-sequence star. As of February 2013, Kepler-37 is the smallest star to be measured via ].<ref name=NASA /> | ||
| == Planetary system == | == Planetary system == | ||
| Kepler-37b is the closest planet to the Kelper-37. At the time of its discovery in February 2013, it was the smallest known exoplanet.<ref name=scienceworld>{{cite news|title=Tiniest Planet Yet Discovered by NASA Outside our Solar System|author=Catherine Griffin|work=Science World Report|date=February 21, 2013|url=http://www.scienceworldreport.com/articles/5098/20130221/tiniest-planet-discovered-nasa-outside-solar-system.htm|accessdate=February 21, 2013}}</ref> At {{convert|3865|km}} in diameter, it is slightly larger than ] ].<ref name=scienceworld /> It orbits Kepler-37 once every 13 Earth days at a distance of about 0.1 ]s (AU).<ref name=Nature /> Kepler-37b has a rocky surface and is believed to be too small and too close to its star to support water or maintain an atmosphere.<ref name=scienceworld /> | Kepler-37b is the closest planet to the Kelper-37. At the time of its discovery in February 2013, it was the smallest known exoplanet.<ref name=scienceworld>{{cite news|title=Tiniest Planet Yet Discovered by NASA Outside our Solar System|author=Catherine Griffin|work=Science World Report|date=February 21, 2013|url=http://www.scienceworldreport.com/articles/5098/20130221/tiniest-planet-discovered-nasa-outside-solar-system.htm|accessdate=February 21, 2013}}</ref> At {{convert|3865|km}} in diameter, it is slightly larger than ] ].<ref name=scienceworld /> It orbits Kepler-37 once every 13 Earth days at a distance of about 0.1 ]s (AU).<ref name=Nature /> Kepler-37b has a rocky surface and is believed to be too small and too close to its star to support water or maintain an atmosphere.<ref name=scienceworld /> Surface temperature is estimated at 700 Kelvin.<ref name=NASA /> | ||
| Kepler-37c is around three-quarters of the diameter of Earth and orbits approximately every 21 Earth days at a distance of just under 0.14 AU. Kepler-37d is about twice the diameter of Earth. It orbits in around 40 Earth days at a distance of nearly 0.21 AU.<ref name=Nature /> Neither is able to support water due to their close proximity to Kepler-37.<ref name=scienceworld /> | Kepler-37c is around three-quarters of the diameter of Earth and orbits approximately every 21 Earth days at a distance of just under 0.14 AU. Kepler-37d is about twice the diameter of Earth. It orbits in around 40 Earth days at a distance of nearly 0.21 AU.<ref name=Nature /> Neither is able to support water due to their close proximity to Kepler-37.<ref name=scienceworld /> | ||
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| ===Discovery=== | ===Discovery=== | ||
| The Kelpler planets were discovered in September 2012 with the aid of ]s detected by the ], and announced to the public in February 2013.<ref name=Nature /> Computer simulation was used to rule out other astronomical phenomenon mimicking planetary transit with probabilities of error <0.05% (3σ) for each potential planet. Additionally, simulation demonstrated that the propose planetary configuration was stable.<ref name=Nature /> The exoplanets planets were considerably smaller than any previously detected, leading '']'' to state that a "a major technological improvement for the telescope" had been achieved.<ref name=scienceworld /> | The Kelpler planets were discovered in September 2012 with the aid of ]s detected by the ], and announced to the public in February 2013.<ref name=Nature /> Computer simulation was used to rule out other astronomical phenomenon mimicking planetary transit with probabilities of error <0.05% (3σ) for each potential planet. Additionally, simulation demonstrated that the propose planetary configuration was stable.<ref name=Nature /> The exoplanets planets were considerably smaller than any previously detected, leading '']'' to state that a "a major technological improvement for the telescope" had been achieved.<ref name=scienceworld /> | ||
| According to ] scientist Jack Lissauer, the discovery of Kelper-37b "suggests such little planets are common, and more planetary wonders await as we continue to gather and analyze additional data."<ref name=NASA>{{cite press release|title=NASA's Kepler Mission Discovers Tiny Planet System|publisher=NASA|date=February 20, 2012|url=http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2013/feb/HQ_13-057_Kepler_Tiny_Planet.html|accessdate=February 21, 2012}}</ref> | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
| * "Bad Astronomy", | * "Bad Astronomy", | ||
| * NASA, | |||
| * | * | ||
Revision as of 15:20, 21 February 2013
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Diagram showing star positions and boundaries of the constellation and its surroundings Location of Kepler-37 in (circled) |
Kepler-37 is a yellow dwarf, G-type star, located in the constellation Lyra, 215.2 light years from Earth. It is host to exoplanets Kepler-37b, Kepler-37c and Kepler-37d, all of which orbit very close to the star. Kepler-37 has a mass about 80.3 percent of the Sun's and a radius about 77 percent as large. It has a temperature similar to that of the Sun, but a bit cooler at 5,417 Kelvin. It has about half the metallicity of our Sun. With an age of roughly 6 billion years, it is slightly older than the Sun, but is still a main-sequence star. As of February 2013, Kepler-37 is the smallest star to be measured via asteroseismology.
Planetary system
Kepler-37b is the closest planet to the Kelper-37. At the time of its discovery in February 2013, it was the smallest known exoplanet. At 3,865 kilometres (2,402 mi) in diameter, it is slightly larger than Earth's moon. It orbits Kepler-37 once every 13 Earth days at a distance of about 0.1 astronomical units (AU). Kepler-37b has a rocky surface and is believed to be too small and too close to its star to support water or maintain an atmosphere. Surface temperature is estimated at 700 Kelvin.
Kepler-37c is around three-quarters of the diameter of Earth and orbits approximately every 21 Earth days at a distance of just under 0.14 AU. Kepler-37d is about twice the diameter of Earth. It orbits in around 40 Earth days at a distance of nearly 0.21 AU. Neither is able to support water due to their close proximity to Kepler-37.
Discovery
The Kelpler planets were discovered in September 2012 with the aid of transit events detected by the Kepler space telescope, and announced to the public in February 2013. Computer simulation was used to rule out other astronomical phenomenon mimicking planetary transit with probabilities of error <0.05% (3σ) for each potential planet. Additionally, simulation demonstrated that the propose planetary configuration was stable. The exoplanets planets were considerably smaller than any previously detected, leading Science World Reports to state that a "a major technological improvement for the telescope" had been achieved.
According to NASA scientist Jack Lissauer, the discovery of Kelper-37b "suggests such little planets are common, and more planetary wonders await as we continue to gather and analyze additional data."
References
- ^ Thomas Barclay (February 20, 2013). "A sub-Mercury-sized exoplanet". Nature.
{{cite journal}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ "NASA's Kepler Mission Discovers Tiny Planet System" (Press release). NASA. February 20, 2012. Retrieved February 21, 2012.
- ^ Catherine Griffin (February 21, 2013). "Tiniest Planet Yet Discovered by NASA Outside our Solar System". Science World Report. Retrieved February 21, 2013.
- "Bad Astronomy",
- JPL
External links
- Nature, article on the discovery
- NASA, Kepler mission, Table of Confirmed Planets
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