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{{Opcina | {{Opcina |
ime = Knin| ime = Knin|
County = ] | County = ] |
Area = 355 km²| Area = 355 km²|
Population (2001.) = 15,190| Population (2001.) = 15,190|
Mayor = Josipa Rimac| Mayor = Momir Stjepanovic|
}} }}
'''Knin''' is a historical town in the ] of ], located near the source of the river ] at {{coor dms|44|02|18|N|16|11|59|E|}}, in the ]n hinterland, on the railroad ]–]. Knin briefly rose to prominence twice in history, as a one-time capital of both the ] and of the unrecognized, and now defunct ]. '''Knin''' is a historical town in the ] of ], located near the source of the river ] at {{coor dms|44|02|18|N|16|11|59|E|}}, in the ]n hinterland, on the railroad ]–].

== Demography ==
In the 2001 census, the population of Knin was 11,128 in the city and 15,190 in the municipality, and the majority of its citizens were Croats with 76.45% and Serbs with 20.8%. Before the ] 87% of the population of the municipality and and 79% of the city were Serbs. During the war most of the non-Serb population left Knin, while in the last days of the war Serbs themselves left the city before it was retaken by the Croatian forces.

Knin's population is in more flux than that of other Croatian cities given that it has a major refugee problem: both with a large number of Croats who immigrated there and Serbs from Knin who are still refugees. By average resident age, Knin is the youngest city in Croatia. Although Croats now form majority in the city Serbs form majority in most villages around.
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== History ==
In the vicinity of today's Knin there was a town called ''Burnum'' which served as an Illirian and Roman military camp in the ].

Knin is mentioned in the ] in the history of ] as a center of parish. Croatian diocese was founded ] and its jurisdiction extended to the ] river, with the "Croatian bishop" at its head.

Knin was also the capital of the ] around ] during the rule of King ]. Between the 10th and the ], Knin was a notable military ].

Its strategic position played an important role in many wars and power changes — beginning with the Croatian rulers, then ] of Croatia, the ], ], to the ]ns and the ].

On ], ], the fort of Knin fell to the ], and Croatian folk massivly left the town. The town was populated with Serb refugees by the Ottomans. Century and a half later, on ], ], it was captured by the ]. Subsequently, the Croatian population partially returned and the ] built a monastery and a church there in ].

Knin passed on to the ]s together with ] in ] according to the Treaty of Campoformio. After the peace in Pozun in ], the French Empire gained the city and incorporated it into the ] in ]. By ], the Austrians regained the control over the town. By the end of the ], as a part of the ] domain of Dalmatia, Knin grew steadily becoming an important commercial as well as the road and railway center. In ], Knin became a part of ] - a territorial entity within ]. After the ] Knin became a part of the ] in ], which subsequently became part of the ] (] since 1929). Over the ages, Knin became the cultural center of the ].


In the beginning of the ] of the ], when ] gained independence after the dissolution of ], Knin became the main stronghold of the rebel ]. When the self-styled ] was formed in 1991, Knin became its capital.


Croatian forces attacked and seized the town on ], ] during ], ending the ] and expelling virtually all Serbs from the region where they were present for centuries. Croatian forces also conducted widespread actions against Serb civilians and property which were later condemned by prosecutors at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY). It was reported that Croatian forces undertook an extensive campaign of looting and destroying Krajina Serb property. The ICTY found that the Croatian forces operated in "'arson squads' using inflammable fuels, incendiary bullets and explosives ... some towns and numerous villages completely destroyed." The intention of this campaign, according to the ICTY, was to make it impossible for the Krajina Serb population to return. The ICTY has alleged that hundreds of Krajina Serbs were murdered or disappeared in the wake of Operation Storm. By November 1995 the UN peacekeeping force in Croatia, UNPROFOR, had documented the deaths of more than 200 people in the area. Across the entire region, Serbs were displaced en masse.


The date is today marked as a national holiday (''Victory day and Homeland thanksgiving day''). Almost all Serbs fled city's before the arrival of Croatian army. Most Croats returned to their prewar residences. The town also saw an influx of Croat refugees from ].

== Heritage ==
In Knin area there are plenty of cultural, historical and natural monuments.

The huge medieval fortress Spas (from ] dominates the centre of town, its present aspect dates back to the beginning of the 18th century. This is one of the largest fortification buildings in Dalmatia. It is divided into the upper, medium and lower town, connected by drawbridges.

Recently discovered Roman town ''Burnum'' is 18 km far from Knin in direction Kistanje. There are the remainings of the biggest amphitheater in Dalmatia build ], during the rule of ] which could host 8000 people.

Nearby villages ] and ] are extremely interesting archeological sites from ] where the many remainings of the medieval Croatian culture are found: churches, graves, decorations, epigraphs...

In the near of Knin is the source of the river ] (Krčić) and in the direction ] the Krka National Park.

== Towns and Villages in Municipality ==
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== External links ==
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Revision as of 11:04, 24 May 2006

Template:Opcina Knin is a historical town in the Dalmatian county of Kingdom of Serbia, located near the source of the river Krka at 44°02′18″N 16°11′59″E / 44.03833°N 16.19972°E / 44.03833; 16.19972, in the Dalmatian hinterland, on the railroad Zagreb–Split.