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{{current}}<!-- Please remove comment to include this infobox when results ARE final and Delete old infobox

{{Infobox_Country|
|native_name = <big><big>'''Република Србија'''<br>'''Republika Srbija'''</big><br/>Republic of Serbia<br>
|common_name = Serbia
|image_flag = Flag of Serbia (state).svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg
|image_map = Location Serbia.PNG
|national_motto = None
|national_anthem = ]
|official_languages = ]
|capital = ]
|latd=44|latm=48|latNS=N|longd=20|longm=28|longEW=E
|largest_city = ]
|government_type = ]
|leader_titles = • ]<br>• ]
|leader_names = ]<br>]
|area_rank = 112th if ranked
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area = 88,361
|areami²= 34,166
|percent_water = N/A
|population_estimate = 9,396,411
|population_estimate_rank = 84th if ranked
|population_estimate_year = 2005
|population_census =
|population_census_year =
|population_density = 106.34
|population_densitymi² = 275
|population_density_rank = 70th if ranked
|GDP_PPP_year = 2005
|GDP_PPP = $28.37 billion
|GDP_PPP_rank = 95th if ranked
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $3,200
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 123rd if ranked
|sovereignty_type = ]
|established_events = <br/>- Date
|established_dates = Dissolution of ]<br/>] ] <br/>
|HDI_year = N/A
|HDI = N/A
|HDI_rank = N/A
|HDI_category = <font color=gray>unranked</font>
|currency = ]
|currency_code = CSD
|country_code =
|time_zone = ]
|utc_offset = +1
|time_zone_DST = ]
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|cctld = ]
|calling_code = 381
}}-->

<!--Old infobox starts -->
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="float: right; width: 300px; clear: both; margin: 0.5em 0 1em 1em; border-style: solid; border:1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|+<big><big>'''Република Србија'''<br/>'''Republika Srbija'''</big><br/>Republic of Serbia</big>
|-
| style="background: #ffffff;" align=center colspan=2 |
{| border=0 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0
| align=center width=140px | {{border|]}}
| align=center width=140px | ]
|-
| align=center width=140px | ]
| align=center width=140px | ]
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | ]
|-
|- style="border-top: 2px solid gray;"
| style="text-align: center; background: #f9f9f9;" | ]
|{{Serbia and Montenegro 2}}
|-
| ]
| ]{{footnote|1}}
|-
| ]
| ]
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| ''']'''<br />– Total<br/> – % water
| <br/> 88.361 ]<br/> n/a
|-
| ''']'''<br/> – Total (])<br/> (not including data for ])<br/> – ]<br/>
| <br/> 7.498.001<br/><br/> 126.83/km²
|-
| ''']'''<br/> (not including data for ])
| ]: 82,86%<br/>]: 3,91%<br/>]: 1,82%<br/>]: 1,44%<br/>]: 1,08%<br/>]: 0,94%<br/>]: 0,92%<br/>]: 0,82%<br/>]: 0,79%<br/>]: 0,53%<br/>Others: 4,89%
|-
| ]
| ]
|-
| ]
| ]
|-t
| ]
| '']''
|-
| ]
| ] +1
|-
| ]
| ] (])
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| ]
| ] still used (] reserved)
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| ] carrier
| ]
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| colspan=2 style="font-size: smaller;" |
#] by ]; in Vojvodina, the following languages are also official: ], ], ], ], and ];<br/>In Kosovo also: ].
|}<!--End of old infobox -->
'''Serbia''', officially the '''Republic of Serbia''' (]: ''Република Србија'' or ''Republika Srbija''), is a ] ] in southeastern ]. The capital is ]. Serbia borders ] to the north; ] and ] to the east; the ] and ] to the south; and ], ], and ] to the west.

Serbia is currently in a state union with the Republic of Montenegro. A ] ] referendum in Montenegro resulted in 55,4% of the eligible voters supporting ending the state union with the Republic of Serbia. Accordingly, the government of the Republic of Montenegro has announced that it will start legal procedings to end the union.

== History ==
{{History of Serbia}}
{{main|History of Serbia}}
{{see also|List of Serbian monarchs|History of Yugoslavia|}}

The roots of the Serbian state reach back to the ] and the ]. The Serbian kingdom (centered around ]) was established in the ]. Marked by a disintegration and crises, it lasted until the end of 12th century.

The renewal of the medieval Serbian state in the ] region was performed by ], the Serbian ] who lived in the ]. In ], under ], Serbia became a kingdom, and in ], an ] under ] was established. The Empire was disintegrated and fell to the ], after the historic Serbian defeat at the ] in ], and the northern Serbian territories (the ]) were conquered by ], when ] fell. ] fell a few years after Smederevo, and ] followed in ].
In the period between ] and ], Serbia remained under the rule of the Ottoman Empire, despite three ]n invasions and numerous rebellions. ] expanded during this time, and many ] converted to this new religion, these Serbs refuse to be called so and are therefore called Muslimani, 'Muslims', they live in the regions of Kosovo and Sandjak where high amounts have settled in Bosnia with other large Muslim populations.

] ] The Great of ]]]
], leader of the ] in 1804]]
]]]
The ] of ]-], lead by ] (also known as Karađorđe or Black George), and the ] of ] resulted in the establishment of the ] which was semi-independent from the Ottoman Empire, and the formation of ].

From ] to ], the Serbian state was ruled by the ], with a break in the period from ] to ], when Serbia was ruled by ] ]. In 1903, the House of Obrenović was permanently replaced by the ], descended from Đorđe Petrović.

The struggle for a modern society, human rights and a nation state lasted almost three decades and was completed with the adoption of the constitution on 15th February 1835. In 1876, ], Serbia, and ] declared war against the Ottoman Empire and proclaimed their unification. However, the ], which was agreed at the ] by the ], granted complete independence only to Serbia and Montenegro, leaving Bosnia and ] to ], which blocked their unification until the ] of ] and ], and ] (]-]).

The June 28, 1914 assassination of ] at Sarejevo by Serbian Nationalist within the Austria-Hungary Empire served as a pretext for Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia. This started a chain of events where Russia started to mobilise its troops in defence of its ally Serbia and then Germany declaring war on Russia in support of its ally Austria-Hungary. This culminated eventually into all the major European powers going to war. The Serbian Army won several major victories during World War I, but it was finally overpowered by the joint forces of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria. In World War I, Serbia had 1,264,000 casualties — 28% of its population, which also represented 58% of its male population.{{fact}}

After 1918, Serbia, along with ], was a founding member of the ], later known as the ]. During ], from 1941 to 1944, Serbia was a German-occupied puppet state that included present-day Central Serbia and Banat, popularly called ]. However, parts of the present-day territory of Serbia were during this time under occupation of Croatian, Hungarian, Bulgarian, Albanian, and Italian fascists. The occupying powers committed numerous crimes against the civilian population, especially against Serbs and Jews.

In 1945, after World War II, Serbia was established as one of the federal units of the ], the Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia, led (]) by ].

From ], after the collapse of the second Yugoslavia, to ], Serbia, together with Montenegro, was part of the ]. Despite the civil wars in neighbouring ] and ], Serbia remained peaceful until 1998, although part of its leadership and institutions supported Bosnian and Croatian Serbs who were one of the sides in these wars by arming and directing their troops.

Between 1998 and 1999, continued reported clashes in Kosovo between Serbian and Yugoslav security forces and the K.L.A in most of the western media led to ], which would last for 78 days. The attacks were stopped following an agreement, where president of Yugoslavia, ], agreed to remove all of country security forces including the military and the police, and have them replaced by a body of international police, in return for which, Kosovo would formally remain within the Yugoslav Federation (See: ]).

From 2003 to 2006, Serbia is part of the ], into which the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia had been transformed. On ] ], Montenegro held ] to determine whether or not to terminate the union with Serbia. The next day, state-certified results showed voters favoring independence, with ''55.4%'' of voters in favor, just above the 55% mandate required by the referendum. The union is expected to be dissolved soon, with Serbia and Montenegro becoming independent countries.

== Geography ==
{{main|Geography of Serbia}}
] tourist center]]
Serbia is located in the ] (a historically and geographically distinct region of southeastern ]) and in the ] (a region of central Europe). It shares borders with ], ], ], ], ], ], the ], and ]. Serbia is ], although access to the ] is available through neighbouring ], and the ] provides shipping access to inland Europe and the ].

Serbia's terrain ranges from the rich, fertile plains of the northern ] region, limestone ranges and basins in the east, and, in the southeast, ancient mountains and hills. The north is dominated by the Danube River. A tributary, the Morava River, flows through the more mountainous southern regions.

The Serbian ] varies between a continental climate in the north, with cold winters, and hot, humid summers with well distributed rainfall patterns, and a more Adriatic climate in the south with hot, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall inland.

==Administrative subdivisions==
]
{{main|Subdivisions of Serbia}}
{{see also|Regions of Serbia|Districts of Serbia|}}

Serbia is divided into 29 districts (5 of which are in Kosovo, outside of central government administration) and the city of Belgrade. The districts are further divided into 108 municipalities. It has two autonomous provinces: ]* in the south (with 30 municipalities), which is presently under the administration of the ], and ] in the north (with 54 municipalities).

The part of Serbia that is neither in Kosovo nor in Vojvodina is called ]. Central Serbia is not an administrative division (unlike the two autonomous provinces), and it has no regional government of its own. In ] this region is often called "]" to denote "the part of the Republic of Serbia not including the provinces of Vojvodina and Kosovo", as the ] puts it . This usage was apparently also employed in ] during the Yugoslav era (in the form of "uža Srbija" literally: narrower Serbia). Its use in English is purely geographical without any particular political meaning being implied.

== Politics ==
{{main|Politics of Serbia}}
{{see also|Politics of Serbia and Montenegro|Politics of Vojvodina|Elections in Serbia|Human rights in Serbia}}
{{Politics of Serbia}}
On ] ] the ] agreed to a weaker form of cooperation between Serbia and ] within a ] called ].

After the fall of Slobodan Milošević on ] ], the country was governed by the ].
Tensions gradually increased within the coalition until the ] (DSS) left the government, leaving the ] (DS) in overall control. Nevertheless, in ] the DSS gathered enough support to form the new ], together with ] and coalition ], and the support of the ]. The ] is ], leader of the ].

The current ] is Boris Tadić, leader of the ] (DS). He was elected with 53% of the vote in the second round of the ] held on ] ], following several unsuccessful elections since ].

The current ] of the ], as of March 2004, is the former Yugoslav president, ], who replaced ] as Yugoslav president in October of ]. The government is formed around the of national conservative party DSS, with G17Plus, SPO-NS and is supported by the ] Socialists (SPS), who do not take part in the government, but in exchange for the support hold minor government and justice positions and influence policies.

== Economy ==
{{main|Economy of Serbia}}
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|-
! style="background: #efefef; border-bottom: 2px solid gray;" | Gross Domestic Product
|-
| Real GDP PPP: $28.7 Billion (2005)
|-
| Real GDP Per Capita - PPP: $2700 (2005) (Source: CIA )
|-
| Real GDP - exchange rate conversion: $22.73 Billion (2005)*
|-
| Real GDP Per Capita - nominal: $3200 (2005)
|-
| Real GDP growth rate 2005: 6.3% (Source: Serbian Government )
|-
* Economy results must now be updated since Montenegro has voted for indepence. The CIA factbook will hopefully release some results on Serbia's economy soon
|}

{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|-
! style="background: #efefef; border-bottom: 2px solid gray;" | Other statistics (in detail on economy page)
|-
| Industrial production growth rate: 7.1% (2004), 1.3% (2005)
|-
| Unemployment rate: 20.0% (2005) (31.6% with Kosovo)
|-
| Inflation: 15.5% (2005)
|-
| Foreign debt: $15.43 Billion (2005)
|-
| Direct foreign investment received for 2005: $1 481 Million (Source: NBS )
|-
|}

== Communications ==
{{main|Communications in Serbia}}

==Transportation==
{{main|Transportation in Serbia}}
{{see also|Transportation in Serbia and Montenegro}}

Serbia, in particular the valley of the ], is often described as "the crossroads between East and West", which is one of the primary reasons for its turbulent history. The Morava valley route, which avoids mountainous regions, is by far the easiest way of travelling overland from continental ] to ] and ].

] E65, E70, E75 and E80, as well as the E662, E761, E762, E763, E771, and E851 pass through the country. The E70 westwards from Belgrade and most of the E75 are modern highways of ] / ] standard or close to that.

The ] River, ]'s connection to the ], flows through Serbia.

There are three international airports in Serbia: ], ], and the newly rebuilt ] airport.

The national carrier is ] and the railway system is operated by ] in ] and by ] on the national level.

== Demographics ==
]
{{main|Demographics of Serbia}}
{{see also|Demographic history of Serbia}}

Serbia is populated mostly by ]. Significant ] include ] (who are a majority in the province of ]), ], ], ], ], ], ], ], etc. Serbia consists of three territories: the province of ], the province of ] and ] (]: Централна Србија, ]: Centralna Srbija, ]: Central Serbia. Note: The English language sometimes uses the varieties such are "Serbia proper" or "Narrower Serbia"). The two provinces are ethnically diverse, which is a result of the division of the country between the ] ] in the south and ] ] in the north.

The northern province of ] is the most developed part of the country in terms of economic strength. Together with the ] of ], ] and ], Vojvodina was under the administration of ] before the First World War. Vojvodina is one of the most ethnically diverse territories in Europe, with more than 25 different national communities. According to the last completed census (]), the province has a population of about 2 million, of which: ] 65%, ] 14.3%, ] 2.79%, ] 2.78%, undeclared 2.71%, ] 2.45%, ] 1.75%, ] 1.50%, ] 1.43%, ] 0.97%, ] 0.77%, ] 0.58%, regional affiliation 0.50%, ] 0.23%, others (], ], ], ], ] etc).
{{see also|Demographic history of Vojvodina|Ethnic groups of Vojvodina}}

;Population statistics of Serbia (Estimate May 2005):

*Serbia (total): 9,396,411
**]: 2,116,725
**]: 5,479,686
**]: 1,800,000

== Cities ==
{{main|Serbian cities}}
{{see also|List of cities in Serbia and Montenegro}}
] city hall, ]]]

Major cities (over 100,000 inhabitants) - 2002 data, for ] current UNMIK estimates (unofficial) :

* ] (Belgrade): 1,119,642 (inner city area); 1,576,124 (wider city area)
* ]: 216,583 (299,294 metro)
* ]: 200,000 (2002 estimation)
* ]: 173,724 (235,159 metro)
* ]: 146,373 (175,802 metro)
* ]: 121,000 (2002 estimation)
* ]: 99,981 (148,401 metro)

== Culture ==
{{main|Serbian culture}}

Serbia is one of ] most culturally diverse countries. The borders between large empires ran through the territory of today's Serbia for long periods in history: between the ] and ] halves of the ]; and between the ] and the ] (later ]). As a result, while the north is culturally ], the south is rather more ]. Of course, both regions have influenced each other, and so the distinction between north and south artificial to some extent.

The ] influence on Serbia was perhaps the greatest. Serbs are ], not ], with their own national church - the ]. They also use the ], although in the past century the ] has gained ground enormously. The ], built largely in the ], are one of the most valuable and visible traces of ] association with the Byzantium.

=== Serbian holidays ===
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|+<big>'''Holidays'''</big>
|-
! style="background: #efefef; border-bottom: 2px solid gray;" | Date
! style="background: #efefef; border-bottom: 2px solid gray;" | Name
! style="background: #efefef; border-bottom: 2px solid gray;" | Notes
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| ]
| ]
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| ]
| ] ]
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| ]
| National Holiday (Orthodox New Year)
| "Српска Нова Година"<br>"Srpska Nova Godina"
|-
| ]
| ]'s feast Day
| Day of Spirituality
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| ]
| Sretenje
| Serbian ]
|-
| ]
| Orthodox ]
| Date for 2006 only
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| ]
| Orthodox ]
| Date for 2006 only
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| ]
| Orthodox ]
| Date for 2006 only
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| ]
| ]
|-
| ]
| ]
|-
| ]
| ]
|-
| ]
| ] (]'s Day)
| In memory of soldiers fallen at the ]
|-
|}

=== See also ===
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]

===Categories===
* ]
* ]

== Miscellaneous ==
* On ] ] the ] adopted ] as the country's ].
* In addition, the ] royal coat of arms now replaces the ] adopted after ]. It was first used in the ]. The arms are those of the royal Obrenović dynasty; they are used in two versions, the large (pictured) and small (just the central shield with eagle and crown surmounting). Use of these arms is 'recommended' which means that the coat of arms is not yet official. It will become so if adoption of the Obrenović arms is approved by more than 50% of the voters in a constitutional referendum.
*] ] is discovered by ] and named after Serbia.
* Serbia grows about one-third of the world's ].
* Serbian industries: machine building (aircraft, trucks, and automobiles; tanks and weapons; electrical equipment; agricultural machinery); metallurgy (steel, aluminum, copper, lead, zinc, chromium, antimony, bismuth, cadmium); mining (coal, bauxite, nonferrous ore, iron ore, limestone); consumer goods (textiles, footwear, foodstuffs, appliances); electronics, petroleum products, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals (] Fact Book 2006)

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Image:SvetiSavaChurchBelgrade.jpg|], ]
Image:Kalemegdan.jpg.png|], ]
Image:KnezMihailova ped.jpg|Pedestrian street in old town of ]
Image:Muzej sumarice.jpg|Museum in Šumarice (])
Image:Citadel_Petrovaradin.jpg|] Citadel over ] (])
Image:Liman002.jpg|]
Image:HPIM0229.JPG|City Hall and monument of king ], ]
Image:Golubac.JPG|]
Image:Iron Gate Kazan gorge.jpg|] National Park on ]
Image:Gjakova.jpg|]/]
Image:Djurdjevi stupovi 016.jpg|], ]'s church, 1169
Image:Centar-panorama.jpg|]
</gallery>

== See also ==
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]

== External links ==
{{sisterlinks|Serbia}}
{{portal}}
===Government links===
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===Other external links===
* One of the most popular newspapers - Online
* Most visited news portal in Serbia
* The biggest forum in Serbia
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{{Serbia_and_Montenegro}}
{{Danube Countries}}

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Revision as of 21:09, 30 May 2006