Misplaced Pages

Football in Australia: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editNext edit →Content deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 04:19, 8 September 2013 editAussieLegend (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, File movers, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers173,395 editsm all Australian spelling by script← Previous edit Revision as of 03:25, 11 September 2013 edit undo2nyte (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users12,702 editsNo edit summaryNext edit →
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Use Australian English|date=December 2012}} {{Use Australian English|date=September 2013}}
In Australia, ] may refer to several sports played in the country, each with varying popularity and participation. The four major football codes in Australia are ], ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Football in Australia|url=http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/football-in-australia|publisher=australia.gov.au|accessdate=11 September 2013}}</ref> Other football codes in Australia include ] and ].
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| width = 220
| image1 = aussie rules game.jpg
| alt1 =
| caption1 = An AFL match at ] between ] and ].
| image2 = Brisbane Broncos vs Bulldogs 3.jpg
| alt2 =
| caption2 = An ] match featuring the ].
| image3 = Scrum.JPG
| alt3 =
| caption3 = ] scrum against the ] in ].
| image4 = Newcastle-Sydney EnergyAustralia.jpg
| alt4 =
| caption4 = ] and ] at ] in the ].
}}
'''Football in Australia''' refers to several football codes played in the country including ], ], ], ] and ]. In Australia the use of football to describe codes outside of soccer predates the 1930s.


The various forms of '''football in Australia''' are discussed in the following articles, each corresponding to the individual sport:
The different football codes attract different participation levels that reflect historical trends. By 2011, soccer had more participants nationally than any other football code with Australian football coming in second. Historically, soccer drew largely from minority ethnic groups, and rugby league and rugby union drew from populations in Queensland and New South Wales. Australian rules football attracted participants from the remaining states and territories. Australian rules also has had one of the highest rates of participation amongst Australia's indigenous communities.


* ]
Football first arrived in Australia by 1829. By the 1860s, Australian rules and rugby union clubs were established in Melbourne and Sydney. Soccer would arrive in the colony by 1870. Intercolonial football matches were being played by 1879. Women's football matches were being organised by the 1920s. National football governing bodies were being established in the same time period. The regional football code divide in Australia was still present in the 1980s, with rugby league being the dominant code in Queensland and New South Wales while Australian rules football dominated in the rest of the country, and soccer being played in ethnic enclaves. Attempts to move outside these traditional boundaries were largely unsuccessful.
* ]

* ]
Professional football is played in Australia for four codes, with the leagues involved including the ], the ], ] and the ]. Professional football has been televised for many years with Australian rules and rugby league being the most popular codes on television.
* ]

* ]
Australia has a number of national football teams encompassing several football codes including Australian rules, rugby league, rugby union, soccer, futsal, and gridiron.
* ]

==Terminology==
There are four major football codes in Australia, these are ], ], ] and ].<ref name=termninology/> Football, as a term, is used to describe several football codes in Australia including Australian rules, rugby league and soccer.<ref name="sonofospain"/>

Footy is sometimes used to describe Australian rules.<ref name="HuntManton2012"/><ref name="Blake2007"/> Other terms used to describe Australian rules football include Australian National Football, Aussie Rules, Strules, and aerial ping-pong.<ref name="CashmanMcKernan1981"/> The use of the term football to describe Australian rules dates back to at least 1930.<ref name=trove1/> Historically, the term "association football" has also been used to refer to Australian rules.<ref name=associationfootball1/><ref name=associationfootball2/><ref name=associationfootball3/><ref name=associationfootball4/><ref name=associationfootball5/><ref name=associationfootball6/><ref name=associationfootball7/><ref name=associationfootball8/><ref name=associationfootball9/><ref name=associationfootball10/><ref name=associationfootball11/><ref name=associationfootball12/><ref name=associationfootball13/><ref name=associationfootball14/><ref name=associationfootball15/><ref name=associationfootball16/><ref name=associationfootball17/>

League football is a term sometimes used to describe rugby league in Australia.<ref name=safetything/><ref name=moreleaguefootball/> Other names for rugby league include league and football.<ref name=rugbyfootball1/><ref name=rugbyfootball2/>

Rugby football is another name used in Australia to describe rugby union.<ref name=rugbyfootball/>

Unlike England, Australia is one of several countries including the United States, New Zealand and Canada where the word soccer is used to describe ].<ref name="Lavric2008"/> Use of the term soccer in Australia predates 1913.<ref name=trove1/><ref name=soccerold1/> Football alone is not enough to always be understood as soccer. Soccer has been described as being played under "British association rules".<ref name=britishrules/> The sport has also historically been referred to as "British football".<ref name="ut1"/>

American football can be referred to in Australia as gridiron football.<ref name="Maine2012"/>

==Participation==
Among the other three football codes, there was historically a regional variation: the ] is a rough dividing line between areas where Australia rules is most popular and where rugby union and rugby league are most popular. ] participation was historically high in ] and ].<ref name="Bloomfield2003"/> Both rugby league and rugby union continue to be popular in the states of ] and ].<ref name="Maine2012"/> Some of the relative popularity of one football code over another in terms of participation was a result of media influence on coverage of the two major professional games, rugby league and Australian rules. This influence and their media market desires drove some of the regional patterns for these codes.<ref name="Jupp2004"/>

Historically, soccer participation was for many years confined to Australian's newly arriving European ethnic groups.<ref name="Bloomfield2003"/> By 1975, there were 375,000 registered rugby league players, making it for the first time the third most popular football code nationally based on participation.<ref name="Bloomfield2003"/> In 1998/1999, Soccer had a 7.7% Australian participation rate.<ref name=ABS-10/> In the same time frame, Australian rules had 6.2% participation rate.<ref name="ABS-10"/> Rugby union had a national participation rate of 5.4% in 1998/1999.<ref name="ABS-10"/>

By 2003, there are over 60,000 registered ] players.<ref name=Stell-4>{{harvnb|Stell|2004|p=4}}</ref> In Australia, a total of 18,609 girls and women played Australian rules football in 2005 and in 2006 48,054 women played the sport in Australia.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.realfooty.theage.com.au/realfooty/articles/2006/06/19/1150701485749.html | location=Melbourne |work=The Age |location=Australia | title=AFL News, Scores, Stats, Transfers&nbsp;– Real Footy}}</ref>

Australian rules football had a total participation rate of 615,549 players in 2007.<ref name="realfooty2007">{{cite web|url=http://realfooty.com.au/news/news/we-love-aussie-rules/2007/06/19/1182019117471.html |title=More chase Sherrin than before |publisher=realfooty.com.au |date= |accessdate=30 October 2011}}</ref>

In 2008, 269,377 children played rugby league competitively in schools. This is a 390% increase from 2002, when the first accurate census of school competition participation numbers. ARLD schools programs have directly involved more than 1,000,000 children in rugby league-based physical activities by in 2008. In a sign of the game's growing influence, in 2010 over 50,000 Victorian school children attended rugby league school programs.<ref name="Fairfax Digital"/>

Soccer was the most popular football code by participation rate in Australia amongst males in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Products/5284F844D313E3C0CA25796B0015170B?opendocument |title=4156.0&nbsp;– Sports and Physical Recreation: A Statistical Overview, Australia, 2011 |publisher=Abs.gov.au |date= |accessdate=1 August 2012}}</ref>

According to the 2011 data release by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, in 2009 and 2010, 1.2 million Australians over the age of fifteen participated in one football code or another.<ref name=participation/> Australian rules football and outdoor soccer were the most popular football codes played by Australian children in 2009, with 8.6% and 13% participation total.<ref name=participation>{{cite web|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4102.0Main+Features30Jun+2011 |title=4102.0&nbsp;– Australian Social Trends, Jun 2011 |publisher=Abs.gov.au |date= |accessdate=1 August 2012}}</ref>

In 2011, rugby league's governing body counted 1,500,000 people who had played the game in the past year, with an overall participation rate of 14.6%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rugbyleague.com.au/nrl/2011_state_of_the_game.pdf |title=2011 Rugby League State of the Game Report|publisher=RugbyLeague.com.au |date= |accessdate=31 August 2011}}</ref>

According to the December 2012 data release of the ], soccer (including both outdoor and indoor) had approximately 683,300 participants in 2011–2012, or 5.82% of all Australians who participated in sport, while Australian Rules football had 241,500 participants, or 2.06% of all sport participants. The other football codes are not differentiated in the ABS statistics, and had altogether 320,200 participants, or 2.73% of all sport participants.<ref name="ABS 2012"/>

===Indigenous participation===
Australian rules football has traditionally been one of the most popular football codes played by Australia's Indigenous community.<ref name="Behrendt2012-347">{{cite book|author=Larissa Behrendt|title=Indigenous Australia for Dummies|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=BvMIp8RaJckC&pg=PA348|accessdate=2 August 2012|date=1 March 2012|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-118-30844-8|page=347}}</ref> 11% of ] players identified themselves as Indigenous Australians in 2011.<ref name="Behrendt2012-342">{{cite book|author=Larissa Behrendt|title=Indigenous Australia for Dummies|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=BvMIp8RaJckC&pg=PA348|accessdate=2 August 2012|date=1 March 2012|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-118-30844-8|page=342}}</ref>

In 1944, the first Aboriginal rugby league club was founded in ] the ]. The first All Indigenous Australian ] team was named in 2009.<ref name="Behrendt2012-347"/>

One of the early Australian Indigenous players on the ] national team was ] who had two caps in 1962 in tests against New Zealand's All Blacks.<ref name="Behrendt2012"/>

The popularity of soccer began to grow in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in the 2000s.<ref name="Behrendt2012">{{cite book|author=Larissa Behrendt|title=Indigenous Australia for Dummies|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=BvMIp8RaJckC&pg=PA348|accessdate=2 August 2012|date=1 March 2012|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-118-30844-8|page=348}}</ref> One of the first Indigenous Australians to make the national team was ], who was supposed to tour with the team in 1961 but the national federation was unable to hold the tour as they were facing FIFA sanctions at the time. Other notable indigenous soccer players included ] who played and coached ] and ] who was a member of the Australian team at the ].<ref name="Behrendt2012"/><ref name=Baum>{{Cite news | last =Baum | first =Greg | title =Socceroos Dreaming | work=] | date =24 May 2006 | url =http://www.theage.com.au/news/soccer/socceroo-dreaming/2006/05/23/1148150255015.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap1 | accessdate = 2 August 2008}}</ref>

===Safety===
The issue of safety around football in Australia is driven by the situation in American sport. Concussions are a problem for all four major football codes in Australia, though the problem is less acute in soccer. A summit was held by leadership in the big four professional football leagues to address these issues in 2011.<ref name=safetything/>

In Brisbane, Queensland in 1980, 63% of all sport related injuries were as a result of one of the four major football codes.<ref name="ReillyLees2013"/> 10.2% of Australian football players in one medical study had a head or neck injury.<ref name="ReillyLees2013"/> The most common injury for an Australian rules player is a lower limb injury, accounting for about 60% of all injuries.<ref name="ReillyLees2013"/> In Australian rules, injuries as a result of contact occurred 71% of the time compared to other causes of injury.<ref name="ReillyLees2013"/>

==History==
]]]
Early forms of football were played in Sydney by 1829.{{sfn|Hess|Nicholson|Stewart|de Moore|2008|p=2}} Regular football competitions were organised in New South Wales by 1850 (]), with organised competition being played in Queensland (Rugby) and Victoria (Victorian Rules football) soon after. ] was codified in 1858.{{sfn|Andrews|1979|p=236}}{{sfn|Crego|2003|p=242}} Australian football clubs still around in the current ] were founded by 1858.{{sfn|Andrews|1979|p=148}}{{sfn|Andrews|1979|p=236}}{{sfn|Crego|2003|p=242}} Australian rules was first played in Australia in 1859.<ref name="Craven1994">{{cite book|author=Ian Craven|title=Australian Popular Culture|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=bLbo4sr-xfwC&pg=PA46|accessdate=1 August 2012|date=29 April 1994|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-46667-7|page=46}}</ref> A ] team was established at the ] in 1864.{{sfn|R.I.C. Publications|2008|p=90–91}} ] was being played in Australia by 1874 when the sport was established in Sydney.<ref name="Jupp2004">{{cite book|author=James Jupp|title=The English in Australia|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=n63TaXC5TpEC&pg=PA175|accessdate=1 August 2012|date=11 May 2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-54295-1|page=175}}</ref> Soccer was being played in Australia by the 1870s,{{sfn|Bloomfield|2003|p=15}}<ref name="Bloomfield2003"/><ref name="Jupp2004"/> with the game's early base in Australia found in Sydney.<ref name="Solly2004">{{cite book|author=Ross Solly|title=Shoot Out: Passion and Politics of Soccer's Fight for Survival in Australia|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=w5KuAAAACAAJ|accessdate=1 August 2012|date=1 November 2004|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-74031-093-2}}</ref> with the first team formally being organised in Sydney in 1880 that was named the Wanderers.{{sfn|Rolls|Halligan|Mathews|Cliff|1999|p=42}}{{sfn|Andrews|1979|p=203}} In 1879 ] began with a match between representative teams from then colonies Victoria and South Australia. Interstate matches in Australian rules football were very important in Australian culture, with lack of a national competition for most of the 20th century the matches were given great importance as it gave the opportunity to show which state produced the best players, and as most players played in their states state league it gave the opportunity to show which league the was the best. Every 5 year's a national carnival was played with winners playing off in a final. Interstate matches ran from 1879 to 1999. In 1897 the ], which later became the AFL the Australian Football League, was founded{{sfn|R.I.C. Publications|2008|p=90–91}}{{sfn|Andrews|1979|p=227}} after breaking away from the ].{{sfn|Andrews|1979|p=227}} By 1894, Australian rules had gained a foothold in Western Australia's Goldfields region. Two teams, the Rovers and Coolgardie, existed in ] by that time, although matches were infrequent and unorganised, with no standardised rules. The ] was formed on 3 May 1895 at a meeting at the Exchange Hotel in ].<ref name=kalgoorie>""&nbsp;– '']''. Published Saturday, 11 May 1895. Retrieved from ''Trove'', 5 September 2011.</ref> During the 1890s and 1900s, Australian football did not gain much traction in New South Wales in this period, where rugby union was the predominant code. The major exception was the ] area of New South Wales close to the Victorian border, and closer to Melbourne than Sydney.<ref name=closwerthan>{{cite book | author= Ken Piesse| title=The Complete Guide to Australian Football | publisher =Pan Macmillan Australia | year=1995 | isbn=0-330-35712-3 | pages=200–201}}</ref> In 1900, a soccer league was established in Tasmania that would continue for ten years until being disrupted by the ].<ref name="ut1"/>

The ] had their first international test against New Zealand in 1903, and first international tour in 1908, earning their nickname of the Wallabies after two British journalist used it to refer to the team.{{sfn|Rolls|Halligan|Mathews|Cliff|1999|p=39}} At the ], Australia won the first ever Olympic gold medal in rugby union.<ref name="Bloomfield2003">{{cite book|author=John Bloomfield|title=Australia's Sporting Success: The Inside Story|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=NtWto0T5FMEC&pg=PA21|accessdate=2 August 2012|date=1 July 2003|publisher=UNSW Press|isbn=978-0-86840-582-7|page=21}}</ref>

During The Great War, Australian rules was played on the fields of ].<ref name="Craven1994-57">{{cite book|author=Ian Craven|title=Australian Popular Culture|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=bLbo4sr-xfwC&pg=PA46|accessdate=1 August 2012|date=29 April 1994|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-46667-7|page=57}}</ref>

The ] was running a rugby league premiership by the 1920s and also selected a representative Victorian XIII to tour domestically.<ref name=trove12>{{cite news | last = | first = | coauthors = | title = Football: Rugby League Final | work = The Argus | place =Australia | pages = 4 | language = | publisher = | date = 7 September 1923 | url = http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/1988243 | accessdate = 4 December 2009}}</ref> Some of the earliest games of women's soccer played in Australia were played in Brisbane in 1921.<ref name=Stell-6>{{harvnb|Stell|2004|p=6}}</ref> Around that period, there were at least three active teams, with over 60 combined total players.<ref name=Stell-6/> In September 1921, a game was played at the Brisbane Cricket Ground between a team from North Brisbane and a team from South Brisbane. The match had over 10,000 people in attendance.<ref name=Stell-6/> The North Brisbane team wore red and the South Brisbane team wore blue.<ref name=Stell-7>{{harvnb|Stell|2004|p=7}}</ref> The game was won by North Brisbane with a score of two to zero.<ref name=Stell-7/> Early football outfits for women were not that different than outfits worn today: long socks, long-sleeved football jerseys, baggy shorts, and purpose worn football shoes.<ref name=Stell-6/> In 1922, a committee in Australia investigated the benefits of physical education for girls. They came up with several recommendations regarding what sports were and were not appropriate for girls to play based on the level of fitness required. Football was completely medically inappropriate for girls to play. It was medically appropriate for all girls to be able to participate in, so long as they were not done in an overly competitive manner, swimming, rowing, cycling and horseback riding.<ref name=evening-post-1922>{{cite web |url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19221219.2.83&srpos=3&e=-------10--1----0Netball+South+Africa-- |title=Women in Print |work= Evening Post |volume=CC |issue=147 |date=19 December 1922|page=19 |location=New Zealand |accessdate=28 April 2011 |publisher=National Library of New Zealand}}</ref> The first international soccer match played by Australia was against New Zealand in 1922.<ref name="Dimeo2001">{{cite book|author=Paul Dimeo|title=Soccer in South Asia: Empire, Nation, Diaspora|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=O2RFRH0zSZ4C&pg=PA147|accessdate=1 August 2012|date=1 September 2001|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-0-7146-8170-2|pages=147–}}</ref> In 1923, a soccer team from Southern China toured Tasmania.<ref name="ut1"/> In 1924, the Australian Rugby League Board of Control, later to be known as the ], was formed to administer the ] (the Kangaroos), and later as the national governing body for the sport of Rugby League. In 1928 the team also adopted the ] of green and gold for the first time, having previously used blue and maroon, making the Kangaroos the third national sporting body to do so after ] in 1899 and the Australian Olympic team starting in 1908.<ref name=fagan3>{{cite web|last=]|title=To Wattle Gold and Gum Green Jerseys|url=http://rl1908.com/Kangaroos/arl-colours.htm|work=RL1908.com|accessdate=7 April 2011}}</ref>

During the 1930s, ], which had gone professional, began to overtake ] in popularity in Queensland, with the league being the dominant spectator code by 1937.{{sfn|Andreff|Szymański|2006|p=438}}

The first organised rugby league competition played in ] occurred in 1941 when 9 teams, mostly made up of ex-servicemen decided to make one unified competition and compete between and against each other. Some of the teams represented the ], the ], and the ]. There were also teams made up of citizens in Darwin, along with a team made up entirely of indigenous Australians living in Darwin.<ref>''Sporting Pulse'' retrieved 21 December 2007</ref>

Soccer was used a cultural gateway to introduce new European arrivals during the 1940s to Australian culture.<ref name="Bloomfield2003"/><ref name="Tamis2005">{{cite book|author=Anastasios Tamis|title=The Greeks in Australia|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=-DcAcG9FWs8C&pg=PA103|accessdate=1 August 2012|date=30 May 2005|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-54743-7|pages=103–}}</ref>

During the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, women's Australian rules football saw a large expansion in the number of competitors.<ref name=Stell-252>{{Cite book |last1=Stell |first1=Marion K. |title=Half the Race, A history of Australian women in sport|publisher=] |year=1991 |location=North Ryde, Australia |isbn=0-207-16971-3 |page=252}}</ref> In 1974, the ] qualified for the ], the first successful qualification to the ] in the country's history after failing to qualify to the 1966 and 1970 tournaments. It would prove to be the only appearance for the Australian team for more than three decades.{{sfn|Rolls|Halligan|Mathews|Cliff|1999|p=42}}

The regional football code divide in Australia was still present in the 1980s, with ] being the dominant code in Queensland and New South Wales while ] dominated in the rest of the country. When codes went outside of their traditional geographic home, they had little success in gaining new fans and participants.{{sfn|Adair|Vamplew|1997|p=x}} During the 1980s, Australian soccer players began to start playing regularly in overseas professional leagues, with the most successful player of the decade being ] who scored a goal in the 1986 F.A. Cup Final for Liverpool.{{sfn|Rolls|Halligan|Mathews|Cliff|1999|p=42}} The first professional VFL/AFL players from Sydney and the Sydney AFL did not begin to emerge until the 1980s. ] was one of the early players to make the grade, followed by ], ], ] and ]. In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in AFL players coming from the Sydney region, and in 2007, a total of 11 AFL players identified themselves as coming from this region.<ref> from theage.com.au</ref> In 1989, the ] decided to rebrand themselves as a national league and renamed the league the ].{{sfn|Hoye|Nicholson|Westerbeek|Smith|2012|p=289}}

During the 1990s, ] faced a challenge in attracting youth players because of the ethnic nature of the sport at the highest levels of national competition. The sport's governing body made an effort to make the game less ethnically oriented. At the same time, rival football codes were intentionally trying to bring in ethnic participants in order to expand their youth playing base.<ref name="Russell2011p11">{{cite book|first=Katrina Marie|last=Russell|title=Youth Sport in Australia|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=g5L_upSbd3AC&pg=PR12|accessdate=3 October 2012|year=2011|publisher=Sydney University Press|isbn=978-1-920899-64-6|pages=11}}</ref> In 1995, ] became professional in Australia following an agreement between SANZAR countries and Rupert Murdoch regarding pay television rights for the game.{{sfn|Nauright|Parrish|2012|p=439}}

By 2001, Australian soccer players were plying their trade around the globe with 150 of them playing over seas.<ref name="Bloomfield2003"/> In 2002, the Australian government again intervened in sport when Senator ], the Minister for Arts and Sport, announced that ] was to be restructured by the ]. At the time, the organisation had ]2.6 million in debt. National organisational problems were mirrored on the state level at the time of the take over. The Australian Sports Commission delivered back a report that recommended 53 changes to be made in four key areas. One suggestion involved separating the management of the national governing body from that of the national league.{{sfn|Hoye|Nicholson|Westerbeek|Smith|2012|p=271}} Former ] CEO ] was brought in to make these changes and the organisation changes its name in 2005 to ] as part of an effort to reposition the sport in the country.{{sfn|Hoye|Nicholson|Westerbeek|Smith|2012|p=272}} A U17 ] was established by ] in 2004. This was following legal action taken against them in the ] following a complaint to the ] by ], Emily Stayner, and Helen Taylor.<ref> from ABC News</ref>

In 2006, the ] competed in the ]; their second ] appearance after 32 years of failing to qualify for the tournament.<ref name="Timeline">{{cite web|title=Timeline of Australian Football|url=http://www.migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au/exhibitions/worldcup/timeline.shtml|publisher=migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au|accessdate=20 August 2013}}</ref> Popularity of Australian rules in Queensland was evident in the ] with a record 11 recruits, including 8 of the first 32 picks. The majority of the movement was in the regional areas, with some picks from previously undrafted regional areas such as ], ] and ] providing AFL talent.<ref> article from the Courier Mail</ref><ref></ref> Also in 2006, both Sydney's and Melbourne's grand finals featured teams from interstate, reflecting the shift in professional football in Australia.<ref>{{cite news|last=Richards|first=Huw|title=International Herald Tribune|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/27/sports/27iht-AUSSIE.2947201.html?_r=0|accessdate=8 September 2013|newspaper=]|date=27 September 2006}}</ref>

In 2007, Natasha Puatjimi, a 13-year-old from the ] made history becoming the first girl to win a junior Australian rules league best & fairest. She was crowned best and fairest player in the Yarra Junior Football League's under 13 (blue) division for her dazzling displays for Ivanhoe. After her win, she was invited to train with legendary ] and the ].<ref></ref><ref> from woldfootynews</ref> In 2010, the rugby league club ] were found to have been ] the NRL salary cap rules over five years. The club was fined a record Australian sporting fine of $1,689,000, stripped of two premierships and three minor premierships, and prevented from accumulating any premiership points in the ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/rugby-league/league-news/melbourne-storm-stripped-of-everything-20100422-tfy6.html|title=Melbourne Storm stripped of everything|last=Munro|first=Ian|date=23 April 2010|publisher=The Age|accessdate=23 April 2010}}</ref>

==Professional football==
Professional football leagues in Australia include the ], and the ].{{sfn|Fort|Fizel|2004|p=300}}{{sfn|Hoye|Nicholson|Westerbeek|Smith|2012|p=289}} Up until the late 2000s, there were three major football codes competing every weekend, which included Australian rules, rugby league and rugby union.<ref name="Meares2011"/> Unlike in Europe and the United States, professional clubs tend to be member run organisations instead of single owner, for profit businesses.<ref name="Russell2011p13">{{cite book|first=Katrina Marie|last=Russell|title=Youth Sport in Australia|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=g5L_upSbd3AC&pg=PR12|accessdate=3 October 2012|year=2011|publisher=Sydney University Press|isbn=978-1-920899-64-6|pages=13}}</ref> The major football codes and professional leagues in the country all watch what their competition does in order to improve their own strategic picture in the Australian sporting landscape.{{sfn|Hoye|Nicholson|Westerbeek|Smith|2012|p=289}}

The ] saw money pour into the sport during the 1990s and 2000s. In 1993, total player payments were A$24 million but reached A$95 million by 2003.{{sfn|Fort|Fizel|2004|p=304}} In 2007, the Australian Football League had the greatest financial stability of all the leagues in Australia with turnover of A$280 million, with the National Rugby League coming in second with A$120 million. At the same time, the AFL had highest level of corporate support with major national and international sponsors such as ], ] and ]. The AFL also beat the NRL in terms of geographic spread of their teams, with the AFL having teams in five states while the NRL had teams in three states in 2007. In 2007, the AFL was also spending A$30 million in youth player development compared to the NRL's A$15 million.{{sfn|Hoye|Nicholson|Westerbeek|Smith|2012|p=290}}

The ] traces its roots back to the 1890s when rugby league split from rugby union as the code went professional. By 1908, the professional New South Wales Rugby League was created.{{sfn|Fort|Fizel|2004|p=300}} Collective player bargaining came to the professional game by 1982, with 95% of all played having joined the player union by 1991.{{sfn|Fort|Fizel|2004|p=308}} Media access to the sport was one of the main reasons for a split in the sport in the 1990s that resulted in the New South Wales Rugby League facing competition from the Rupert Murdoch backed Super League, and the "Super League war" in 1997, which ended with the founding of the ] which had become a national, not state based, professional competition.{{sfn|Fort|Fizel|2004|p=301}}

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col" | Football code
! scope="col" | Main governing body
! scope="col" | National competition
! scope="col" | Australian clubs
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ]
| ]
| 18
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ]
| ]
| 15 (+1 in ])
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ]
| ]
| 10 (+1 in ])
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ]
| ]
| 5 (+5 in both ], ])
|}

===Spectatorship===
Australian sport fans have historically attended events in large numbers, dating back to the country's early history. An early football game played in Melbourne in 1858 had 2,000 spectators.{{sfn|Hess|Nicholson|Stewart|de Moore|2008|p=60}} Australian sport fans have behaved unruly at times, with police being required at Australian football games dating back to the 1860s.{{sfn|Hess|Nicholson|Stewart|de Moore|2008|p=60}} By 1897, tens of thousands of spectators attended an early Australian rules football match at a time when top level soccer matches in England would draw six thousand fans. A finals match between the Carlton Football Club and Collingwood in 1938 drew 96,834 fans.{{sfn|Guttmann|2007|p=86–87}} In 1909, at a time when ] had not yet become professionalised, 52,000 people in Sydney attended a game between New South Wales and New Zealand. The spectators accounted for 10% of the total population of Sydney at the time.{{sfn|Andreff|Szymański|2006|p=438}} The ] included a match in ], the first rugby league game to be played in Victoria. The match between ] and ] drew 12,000 spectators.<ref>''Sydney Morning Herald'', 17 August 1914</ref>

Total average game attendance for the ] and the ] increased between 1970 and 2000, with the AFL going from an average attendance of 24,344 people per match in 1970 to 27,325 by 1980 to 25,238 in 1990 and 34,094 by 2000. The National Rugby League had an average per game attendance of 11,990 in 1970, saw a decrease in 1980 to 10,860 but increased to 12,073 by 1990 and improved on that to 14,043 by 2000.{{sfn|Fort|Fizel|2004|p=309}}

73,811 people attended a gridiron ] game between the ] and ] at ] in ] in 1999.<ref name="vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com"/> In March 1999, 104,000 fans attended a double header match in the National Rugby League at ] four days after the venue formally opened.<ref name="Statistics">{{cite book|author=Australian Bureau of Statistics|title=2000 Year Book Australia No. 82|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=hlJ0QRd_bwcC&pg=PA546|accessdate=18 September 2012|publisher=Aust. Bureau of Statistics|pages=546–547|id=GGKEY:7270H4LHC4X}}</ref>
A ] game was held in ] in 2002 between ] and ] at ]. The match was a 1–1 draw and attracted a crowd of 5324 fans.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/NSL/20012002/Round20.html|title=2001/2002 National Soccer League – Round 20 results}}</ref> Aurora Stadium in Tasmania hosted two A-League pre-season games, attracting over 8000 spectators at the ] match.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.a-league.com.au/default.aspx?s=hal_newsdisplay&id=18482&pageid=2055|title=Victory, United share spoils in cup opener|publisher=]|date=16 July 2007|accessdate=29 December 2007}}</ref> FFT is actively pursuing the possibility of an A-League club based in the state.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://au.fourfourtwo.com/news/65860,tasmania-wants-aleague-bid.aspx|title=Tasmania wants A-League bid|publisher=]|date=27 November 2007|accessdate=29 December 2007}}</ref>
Australian rules football was the most popular football code by attendance in Western Australia in 2004 with over 1,030,000 spectators attending WAFL and AFL matches in 2004.<ref name=wafal/> In the 2006/2007 season, the ] ] averaged 27,728 people to their home matches throughout the season. The ] was considerably lower.<ref name=somealeageusource>{{cite web | first = Rick | last = D'Andrea |url=http://www.insidefutbol.com/2009/10/25/australian-a-league-suffering-attendance-decline/11426/ |title=A-League Suffering Attendance Decline |publisher=Insidefutbol |date=25 October 2009 |accessdate=30 October 2011}}</ref> In 2011, the ] had a cumulative attendance of 7,139,272, a record for the competition and an average attendance of 36,425.<ref name="footywire1">{{cite web|url=http://www.footywire.com/afl/footy/attendances?year=2011&t=A&h=A&s=A |title=2011 AFL Crowds and Match Attendances |publisher=Footywire.com |date= |accessdate=30 October 2011}}</ref> In 2010, the ]'s premiership set a record for regular season attendance to NRL matches.<ref name=nerlastabntance>{{cite web |publisher=National Rugby League |title=Attendance Record |url=http://www.nrl.com/news/news/newsarticle/tabid/10874/newsid/60086/telstra-premiership-sets-new-attendance-record/default.aspx}}</ref>

] survey ''Spectator Attendance at Sporting Events, 2009–10'' reported the following findings regarding female attendance at football sporting events. Survey found that an estimated 3.3 million females attended one or more sporting events as spectators. This represented 37% of females aged 15 years and over in Australia and 54% of females aged 15–17 years. The top footbal sports in attendance were: ] (1,171,100), rugby league (594,700), soccer (354,800), and rugby union (209,300).<ref name=abs/>

{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col" | Leagues/tournaments
! scope="col" | Total spectatorship
! scope="col" | Average match attendance
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Refs
|-
| scope="row" | A-League
| 1,772,133
| 12,658
| 2012/2013
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ultimatealeague.com/records.php?type=att&season=2012-13 |title=Statistics » Attendance » 2012–13 |publisher=Ultimate A-League |date= |accessdate=22 August 2013}}</ref>
|-
| scope="row" | Australian Football League
| 6,778,559
| 32,747
| 2012
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.footywire.com/afl/footy/attendances?year=2012&t=A&h=A&s=A |title=2012 AFL Crowds and Match Attendances |publisher=Footywire.com |date= |accessdate=22 August 2013}}</ref>
|-
| scope="row" | National Rugby League
| 3,153,142
| 16,423
| 2012
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.rleague.com/rl/crowds/summary.html |title=Rugby League Tables / Attendances |publisher=Stats.rleague.com |date= |accessdate=22 August 2013}}</ref>
|-
| scope="row" | Rugby League State of Origin
| 216,153
| 72,051
| 2013
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.rleague.com/rl/soo/soo_idx.html |title=Rugby League Tables / State Of Origin |publisher=Stats.rleague.com |date= |accessdate=22 August 2013}}</ref>
|}

==Media coverage==
There is a long history of television coverage of football in Australia. From 1957 to 2001, the ] was the network for the Australian Football League. The only year that Seven was not the network for the league was in 1987 when the AFL was on the ]. An exclusive deal was agreed upon by Seven in 1976 for a five-year deal worth A$3 million.{{sfn|Fort|Fizel|2004|p=310}} Not all football television deals have been good. The deal made by ] to the ] was worth considerably more, worth A$48 million for a five-year deal that also included broadcasting rights for the State of Origin and the ]. This deal was terminated early because the network could not afford to pay out.{{sfn|Fort|Fizel|2004|p=311}} The ]'s ] became the first football grand final of any code to be televised live in Australia. The ] had paid $5,000 for the broadcasting rights.<ref name=roymasters/> Rugby league, which includes NRL, State of Origin and national team matches, had the highest aggregate television ratings of any sport in 2009<ref name="Newstalk ZB"/> and 2010.<ref name=aggreagat/> Also, in a world first, the ] broadcasted ] the first match of the ] live in ] in New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria.<ref name=byrnes/><ref name=tvtonight/>

Most Australian film ignores Australia's football codes,<ref name="MoranVieth2009"/> although there are a number of Australian football films. When football is depicted, the primary codes presented are Australian rules and to a lesser degree rugby. The sports often appear in the background in an attempt to make a film more authentically Australian.<ref name="MoranVieth2009"/><ref name=antoehrverification/> They include '']''. The film was based on a play produced in 1977, in ]. It has been in the senior English syllabi for four Australian states for many years.<ref name=antoehrverification/> The film was written by David Williamson, directed by ] and starring ], ], ] and ].<ref name=moretheclubstuff/> Another Australian football film is '']'', released in 2007. It was directed by ] and ] and produced by ], and ], while independently produced it is being distributed by ]. It was written by ] who also starred as the lead role 'Grub' Henderson. The film, which earned praise from critics,<ref name=wilalisnans/> focuses around Grub who is the captain of the ] ] team in the early 1980s and his determination to stand for what rugby league traditionally stood for while dealing with his own identity crisis.<ref name="movie focus"/> Other Australian football films include '']'' and '']''.<ref name="SimpsonMurawska2009p43"/>{{sfn|Collins|Davis|2004|p=45}}

==National teams==
National football teams include the ] ("Socceroos") who compete in ] / ] / ] qualification and finals tournaments, the ] ("Wallabies") who compete in the ] matches and the ] while the ] ("Kangaroos") compete in various ], ], ] and ] rugby league test matches. The ] is composed of players from the ] and compete against the best ] players from ] in a hybrid ].

{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Sport
! Team
! Nickname
! Refs
|-
| scope="row" rowspan=2 | ]
| ]
| '']''
| style="text-align:center;" | {{sfn|Rolls|Halligan|Mathews|Cliff|1999|p=39}}
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ''Wallaroos''
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name=paper2paper/>
|-
| scope="row" rowspan=4|]
| ]
| ''Kangaroos''
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="fagan-arl-kangaroos"/><ref name="fagan-kangaroo-mascot2009-12-02"/><ref name=nrlsourcesname/>
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ''Junior Kangaroos''
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ''Jillaroos''
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name="arl-jillaroos-gunning2008"/><ref name=womrnrugby/>
|-
| scope="row" | Wheelchair rugby
| ''Steelers'' (official) ''Wheelabies'' (unofficial)
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name=ungofialteals/><ref name=news2000sourcehint/>
|-
| scope="row" rowspan=7 | ]
| ]
| '']''
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name=ffasourcesname/>
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ''Olyroos''
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ''Young Socceroos''
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ''Joeys''
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ''Matildas''
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ''Young Matildas''
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| scope="row" | ]
|
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| scope="row" | ]
| ]
| ''Futsalroos''
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name=futalshtingname/>
|-
| scope="row" rowspan=2 | ]
| ]
|
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| scope="row" | ]
|
| style="text-align:center;" |
|-
| scope="row" | Gridiron (])
| ]
| ''Australian Outbacks''
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref name=1997thingname/><ref name=sastorscanbera/>
|}

===Australian rules===
Despite some speculation that there would be a women's division at the ] with at least Australia, USA, Canada and Papua New Guinea competing, nothing came of the initiative, and only a senior men's tournament was held. There is also ] with the ] competing against the ].<ref name=anothermalform/><ref name=malformed1/>

===Soccer===
The ] have appeared at the ] in ], ] and ]. At the ], the Socceroos surprised many by reaching the Round of 16, losing 1–0 in injury time to the eventual champions Italy.<ref name=fifathing/>

The Matildas are Australia's senior national women's team.<ref name=Stell-12/> The team gives female athletes opportunities to play in high level competition.<ref name=Stell-4/> The national team first started representing the country during the 1970s.<ref name=Stell-12/> In 1978, the team competed in their first international tournament.<ref name=Stell-16/> This tournament was the World Women's Invitational in Taipai, Taiwan.<ref name=Stell-16/> Prior to 1978, Australia had only ever really competed against New Zealand on an international level.<ref name=Stell-16/> The first ] was held in 1991.<ref name=Stell-34/> Australia did not qualify, having been beaten by New Zealand because of goal difference.<ref name=Stell-34/> In 1995, Australia did qualify and finished last in the tournament.<ref name=Stell-34/> In 1999, Australia finished eleventh out of sixteen.<ref name=Stell-35/> In 2003, Australia finished last in their group.<ref name=Stell-35/>
The Young Matildas are Australia's U-20 women's national team.<ref name=youngmats/> The team was initially organised as a U-19 team,<ref name=Stell-16/> but became a U-20 team when FIFA changed the upper age limit for its top women's age-grade competition from 19 to 20 effective in ]. They have competed in several tournaments including the ] (predecessor to today's ]).<ref name=Stell-16/>


==References== ==References==
{{reflist|30em|refs= {{reflist}}
<ref name="Jupp2004">{{cite book|author=James Jupp|title=The English in Australia|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=n63TaXC5TpEC&pg=PA173|accessdate=21 August 2013|date=11 May 2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-54295-1|pages=173–180}}</ref>
<ref name=roymasters>{{cite web| last = Masters| first = Roy| authorlink = | title = Messenger can watch a better league broadcast in the US than south of the border| work = Brisbane Times | publisher = Fairfax Digital| date = 4 October 2009| url = http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/business/messenger-can-watch-a-better-league-broadcast-in-the-us-than-south-of-the-border-20091004-ghve.html| doi = | accessdate = 4 October 2011}}</ref>
<ref name="MoranVieth2009">{{cite book|author1=Albert Moran|author2=Errol Vieth|title=The A to Z of Australian and New Zealand Cinema|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=DPyFtajDTmEC&pg=PA240|accessdate=21 August 2013|date=21 July 2009|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-6347-7|pages=240–244}}</ref>
<ref name="movie focus">{{cite web| url = http://www.abc.net.au/atthemovies/txt/s2004682.htm| title = At the Movies Review| publisher = ABC | accessdate = 29 August 2007}}</ref>
<ref name=moretheclubstuff>{{cite web |url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1004389-club/about.php |title=The Club |publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |date=28 March 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2011}}</ref>
<ref name=wilalisnans>{{Cite web | last = Williams| first = Daniel | coauthors = | title = Footy for Thought| work = Time | location = | pages = | language = | publisher = Time Inc.| date = 31 August 2007| url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1657920,00.html| accessdate = 2 October 2010}}</ref>
<ref name=antoehrverification>{{cite web|url=http://www.currency.com.au/newsite/preview/club.htm |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20060113061720/http://www.currency.com.au/newsite/preview/club.htm |archivedate=13 January 2006 |title=Studies of Australian Drama&nbsp;— David Williamson : The Club |publisher=Web.archive.org |date=13 January 2006 |accessdate=30 October 2011}}</ref>
<ref name="Newstalk ZB">{{cite web | last = Newstalk ZB | first = | coauthors = | title = League becomes Australia's top sport | work = TVNZ | location =New Zealand | pages = | language = | publisher = Television New Zealand Limited | date = 21 December 2009 | url = http://tvnz.co.nz/rugby-league-news/league-becomes-australia-s-top-sport-3315931 | accessdate = 24 December 2009}}</ref>
<ref name=aggreagat>{{cite web |last=Canning|first=Simon|title=NRL disputes AFL audience claim|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/media/nrl-disputes-afl-audience-claim/story-e6frg996-1226025045416|accessdate=4 October 2011 | work = The Australian | publisher = News |date=21 March 2011}}</ref>
<ref name=byrnes>{{cite web | last = Byrnes| first = Holly| title = Origin to kick-off 3D revolution| work = The Daily Telegraph | location =Australia| publisher = Herald and Weekly Times | date = 28 April 2010| url = http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/nrl/origin-to-kick-off-3d-revolution/story-e6frfgbo-1225859053250| accessdate = 28 April 2010}}</ref>
<ref name=tvtonight>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvtonight.com.au/2010/05/3d-state-of-origin-approved-world-cup-announcement-expected.html |title=3D State of Origin approved, World Cup announcement expected |publisher=TV Tonight |date=14 May 2010 |accessdate=30 October 2011}}</ref>
<ref name=paper2paper>{{cite web|url=http://www.aru.rugby.com.au/get_onside/newsletter/article/081010_feature_three,122517.html/newsletter/122525|accessdate=5 October 2012|title=Paper To Paper Wallaroos prepare to take on New Zealand|author=ARU|publisher=Australian Rugby Union|year=2011}}</ref>
<ref name="fagan-arl-kangaroos">{{cite web |url=http://www.rl1908.com/arlkangaroos.htm |title=The Australian Rugby League Kangaroos |first=Sean |last=Fagan |publisher=RL1908.com |accessdate=23 November 2007 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5s1i6Eq3o|archivedate=16 August 2010}}</ref>
<ref name="fagan-kangaroo-mascot2009-12-02">{{cite web|last=Fagan|first=Sean|title=The Kangaroos Mascot|url=http://www.rl1908.com/Kangaroos/badge.htm|publisher=rl1908.com|accessdate=16 August 2010|authorlink=Sean Fagan|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5s1iExUHK|archivedate=16 August 2010|date=2 December 2009}}</ref>
<ref name=nrlsourcesname>{{cite web|url=http://www.nrl.com/vb-kangaroos-squad-named/tabid/10874/newsid/65111/default.aspx |title=VB Kangaroos squad named |publisher=NRL |date= |accessdate=24 November 2011}}</ref>
<ref name="arl-jillaroos-gunning2008">{{cite web|title=Jillaroos gunning for a spot in World Cup final |url=http://www.australianrugbyleague.com.au/news/article.php?id=1258|accessdate=16 August 2010|author=ARL|authorlink=Australian Rugby League|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5s1jNunuU|archivedate=16 August 2010|year=2008}}</ref>


{{Australian sport}}
<ref name=ungofialteals>{{cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-99041750.html |title=Wheelabies challenged by disability rating change |quote=The Australian wheelchair rugby team's bid for gold in Athens has suffered a major blow |date=15 September 2004 |accessdate=22 November 2007 |author=AAP }}</ref><ref name=news2000sourcehint>{{cite web |title=Paralympics 2000: Hero Hucks not enough |last=Overington |first=Caroline |date=30 October 2000 |work= The Age |publisher = Fairfax |quote=Australia (which calls itself the Steelers but for whom the popular name is the Wheelabies) }}</ref>
<ref name=womrnrugby>{{cite web |url=http://awrljillaroos.leaguenet.com.au/ |title=Australian Women's Rugby League&nbsp;— the online home of the Jillaroos |accessdate=18 January 2008}}</ref>
<ref name="vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com">{{cite web|author=Gary Smith |url=http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1016586/2/index.htm |title=During a three-day footy-fest in Sydney, the author didn't – 08.16.99 – SI Vault |publisher=Vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com |date=16 August 1999 |accessdate=21 August 2013}}</ref>
<ref name="Fairfax Digital">{{cite web | title = Australian Rugby League 2008 annual report |author=Australian Rugby League | publisher = Fairfax Digital | url = http://www.australianrugbyleague.com.au/files/11726_ARL_Annrep_2.pdf | doi = | accessdate = 4 January 2010}}</ref>
<ref name="ut1">{{cite web|url=http://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/S/Soccer.htm|title=Soccer|work=The Companion to Tasmanian History|publisher=]|accessdate=17 April 2009}}</ref>
<ref name=wafal></ref>
<ref name=associationfootball1>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66792266 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Burnie, Tas. |date=15 October 1923 |accessdate=21 August 2013 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=rugbyfootball>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article88070460 |title=RUGBY FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=WA |date=1 April 1898 |accessdate=21 August 2013 |page=8 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball2>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article22252257 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL:. |newspaper=] |location=Melbourne, Vic. |date=27 May 1946 |accessdate=21 August 2013 |page=11 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball3>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article75486221 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Perth, WA |date=9 May 1931 |accessdate=21 August 2013 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball4>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43770743 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Adelaide, SA |date=14 June 1948 |accessdate=21 August 2013 |page=6 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball5>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article58966315 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Perth, WA |date=24 September 1939 |accessdate=21 August 2013 |page=15 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball6>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article62676044 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Vic. |date=13 August 1934 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=6 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball7>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article75487764 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Perth, WA |date=16 May 1931 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name="ReillyLees2013">{{cite book|author1=Tom Reilly|author2=Adrian Lees|author3=Keith Davids|coauthors=W. J. Murphy|title=Science and Football (Routledge Revivals): Proceedings of the first World Congress of Science and Football Liverpool, 13–17th April 1987|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=FXGu5iFB37kC&pg=PT20|accessdate=21 August 2013|date=11 January 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-70775-0|pages=20–24}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball8>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article75765234 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Perth, WA |date=26 September 1931 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball9>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article83811156 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Perth, WA |date=6 August 1932 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=4 Edition: LATE CITY SPECIAL |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball10>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article88165554 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=WA |date=18 May 1899 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=8 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball11>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article95319327 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=SA |date=31 May 1915 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=1 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball12>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4363696 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Melbourne, Vic. |date=12 May 1924 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball13>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4276354 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Melbourne, Vic. |date=14 July 1924 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball14>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article75487539 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Perth, WA |date=2 May 1931 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball15>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article88167556 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=WA |date=17 May 1899 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=8 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball16>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article33175407 |title=SATURDAY'S ADELAIDE MATCHES. |newspaper=] |location=Perth, WA |date=9 June 1900 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=46 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=associationfootball17>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article47005699 |title=MELBOURNE MATCHES. |newspaper=] |location=Adelaide, SA |date=2 August 1926 |accessdate=22 August 2013 |page=10 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=soccerold1>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article121294778 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=NSW |date=18 March 1913 |accessdate=21 August 2013 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=moreleaguefootball>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article100885669 |title=LEAGUE FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Orange, NSW |date=26 April 1913 |accessdate=21 August 2013 |page=6 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=safetything>{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/afl/afl-news/codes-medicos-to-tackle-concussion-20110623-1ghh9.html|publisher=The Age|location=Australia|date=24 June 2011|title=Codes, medicos to tackle concussion|first=Jake|last=Niall}}</ref>
<ref name=trove1>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16732586 |title=CRICKET. |newspaper=] |location=NSW |date=22 November 1930 |accessdate=21 August 2013 |page=14 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name=britishrules>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article39382890 |title=ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL. |newspaper=] |location=Qld. |date=16 June 1910 |accessdate=21 August 2013 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
<ref name="sonofospain">{{cite news|title=Son of Spain has Socceroos in his sights|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/sport/football/son-of-spain-has-socceroos-in-his-sights/story-fn63e0vj-1226698750365|accessdate=21 August 2013|date=17 August 2013|location=Australia|first=Ray|last=Gatt|newspaper=The Australian}}</ref>
<ref name="Maine2012">{{cite book|author=Jim Maine|title=Aussie Rules For Dummies|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=yUdFTIvQQZYC|accessdate=20 August 2013|date=12 April 2012|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-118-34875-8}}</ref>
<ref name="Blake2007">{{cite book|author=Barry Blake|title=Australian Language and Culture|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=7w-IdhWKi_oC&pg=PA32|accessdate=20 August 2013|year=2007|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74059-099-0}}</ref>
<ref name="ABS 2012">{{cite web|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/4177.02011-12?OpenDocument |title=41770DO001_201112 Participation in Sport and Physical Recreation, Australia, 2011–12 |publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics |date= |accessdate=8 July 2013}}</ref>
<ref name=ABS-10>{{Cite journal |author=National Centre for Culture and Recreation Statistics, Australian Bureau of Statistics|title=Sport Data on Participation and Attendance: How do Results from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and Sweeney Research Compare? |year=2002 |month=July |location=Adelaide |publisher=Australian Sport Commission |url=http://fulltext.ausport.gov.au/fulltext/2001/abs/abssweeney.pdf|page=10}}</ref>
<ref name="Meares2011">{{cite book|author=Peter Meares|title=Back to the Studio: The Inside Stories from Australia's Best-known Sport s Commentators|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=XUeHoYSnFygC&pg=PT129|accessdate=20 August 2013|date=8 August 2011|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers|isbn=978-0-7304-9764-6|pages=128–131}}</ref>
<ref name="HuntManton2012">{{cite book|author1=Paula Hunt|author2=Glenn Manton|title=Mongrel Punts and Hard Ball Gets: An A-Z of Footy Speak|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=PUCI1zJSrIoC&pg=PP4|accessdate=20 August 2013|year=2012|publisher=Red Dog Books|isbn=978-1-74259-094-3|pages=4}}</ref>
<ref name="CashmanMcKernan1981">{{cite book|author1=Richard I. Cashman|author2=Michael McKernan|title=Sport: money, morality, and the media|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=PgKCAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=20 August 2013|date=31 December 1981|publisher=New South Wales University Press|isbn=978-0-86840-160-7}}</ref>
<ref name="Lavric2008">{{cite book|author=Eva Lavric|title=The Linguistics of Football|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=heFduFfVSSIC&pg=PA53|accessdate=20 August 2013|year=2008|publisher=BoD&nbsp;– Books on Demand|isbn=978-3-8233-6398-9|pages=53}}</ref>
<ref name=fifathing>{{cite web|url=http://fifaworldcup.yahoo.com/06/en/w/bracket.html|title=FIFA World Cup Bracket}}</ref>
<ref name=youngmats>{{cite web|url=http://www.footballaustralia.com.au/2009WomensU20/default.aspx?s=aus_womenu20s_new |title=Womens U20s |work=Football Federation Australia |accessdate=19 May 2011}}</ref>
<ref name=Stell-35>{{harvnb|Stell|2004|p=35}}</ref>
<ref name=Stell-34>{{harvnb|Stell|2004|p=34}}</ref>
<ref name=Stell-16>{{harvnb|Stell|2004|p=16}}</ref>
<ref name="Lavric2008">{{cite book|author=Eva Lavric|title=The Linguistics of Football|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=heFduFfVSSIC&pg=PA89|accessdate=20 August 2013|year=2008|publisher=BoD&nbsp;– Books on Demand|isbn=978-3-8233-6398-9}}</ref>
<ref name=ffasourcesname>{{cite web |url=http://www.footballaustralia.com.au/Australia/default.aspx?s=australia |title=National Teams |publisher= Football Federation Australia |accessdate=23 November 2007}}</ref>
<ref name=Stell-12>{{harvnb|Stell|2004|p=12}}</ref>
<ref name=futalshtingname>{{cite web|url=http://www.footballaustralia.com.au/Community/default.aspx?s=community_newsfeatures_news_news_item&id=22192|title=Qantas Futsalroos undone by hosts|date=15 May 2008|publisher= Football Federation Australia |accessdate=20 August 2008}}</ref>
<ref name="SimpsonMurawska2009p43">{{cite book|author1=Catherine Simpson|author2=Renata Murawska|author3=Anthony Lambert|title=Diasporas of Australian Cinema|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=gmF8Id9vuhcC&pg=PA43|accessdate=3 October 2012|date=3 August 2009|publisher=Intellect Books|isbn=978-1-84150-197-0|pages=43}}</ref>
<ref name=malformed1> from worldfootynews.com</ref>
<ref name=anothermalform> from worldfootynews.com</ref>
<ref name=1997thingname>{{cite web |url=http://www.astros.canberra.net.au/outback.shtml |title=Gridiron History in Aus<!----> |publisher=Astros Gridiron Football Club |accessdate=21 January 2008 |year=1999 }}</ref><ref name=sastorscanbera>{{cite web |url=http://www.astros.canberra.net.au/ahistory.shtml |title=Astros & the Outback |publisher=Astros Gridiron Football Club |accessdate=21 January 2008 }}</ref>
<ref name=abs>{{cite web|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Products/4156.0.55.001~June+2013~Main+Features~Women+in+Sport+The+State+of+Play+2013?OpenDocument|title=Women in Sport : the State of Play 2013|work= Australian Bureau of Statistics&nbsp;— Perspectives on Sport, June 2013 |date=18 June 2013|accessdate=30 July 2013}}</ref>
<ref name=termninology>{{cite web | url=http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/football-in-australia | title=Football in Australia | publisher=Australian Government | work=Australia.gov.au | accessdate=3 May 2013 | archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110514203516/http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/football-in-australia | archivedate=14 May 2011}}</ref>
<ref name=rugbyfootball1>{{cite book | last = Andrews | first = Malcolm | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Rugby league, the greatest game of all | publisher = Horwitz | year = 1980 | location = | pages = | url = http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=q_W5AAAACAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-7255-0831-0, 9780725508319}}</ref>
<ref name=rugbyfootball2>{{cite book | last = Chesterton | first = Ray | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = 100 Years of Rugby League: A Celebration of the Greatest Game of All | publisher = Hachette | year = 2007 | location = Australia | pages = | url = http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=arvPGAAACAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-7336-2132-5, 9780733621321}}</ref>
}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin|1}}
* {{cite news |author=Evening Post |url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19221219.2.83&srpos=3&e=-------10--1----0Netball+South+Africa-- |title=Women in Print |newspaper=Evening Post |volume=CC |issue=147 |date=19 December 1922 |page=7 |location=New Zealand |accessdate=28 April 2011|publisher=National Library of New Zealand |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Stell |first1=Marion K.|title=Half the Race, A history of Australian women in sport|publisher=] |year=1991 |location=North Ryde, Australia|isbn=0-207-16971-3 |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book |last=Stell |first=Marion |title=Soccer |series=Girls in Sport |year=2004 |publisher=ABC Books |isbn=0-7333-1426-0|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|first=Timothy F.|last=Grainey|title=Beyond Bend It Like Beckham: The Global Phenomenon of Women's Soccer|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=uiRG0X03mjMC&pg=PA211|accessdate=20 August 2013|date=2012|publisher=U of Nebraska Press|isbn=978-0-8032-4036-0|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|title=Sport in Australian history|first1=Daryl|last1=Adair|first2=Wray|last2=Vamplew|location=Melbourne|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1997|isbn=9780195535907|oclc=37217245|ref = harv}}<!-- Last name sort: Adair!-->
* {{cite book|first1=Wladimir|last1=Andreff|first2=Stefan|last2=Szymański|title=Handbook on the Economics of Sport|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=PGRkblShhU8C&pg=PA438|accessdate=18 September 2012|year=2006|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-1-84376-608-7| ref = harv }}<!-- Last name sort: Andreff!-->
* {{cite book|title=The Encyclopaedia of Australian sports|first=Malcolm|last=Andrews|location=Sydney|publisher=Golden Press|year=1979|isbn=0855588497|oclc=21526949| ref = harv }}
* {{cite book|first=John|last=Bloomfield|title=Australia's Sporting Success: The Inside Story|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=NtWto0T5FMEC|year=2003|publisher=UNSW Press|isbn=978-0-86840-582-7| ref = harv }}<!-- Last name sort: Andrews!-->
* {{cite book|first=Robert|last=Crego|title=Sports and Games of the 18th and 19th Centuries|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=XCl1c2yy5ooC|year=2003|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-31610-4|ref = harv }} <!-- Last name sort: Crego !-->
* {{cite book|first1=Rodney D.|last1=Fort|first2=John|last2=Fizel|title=International Sports Economics Comparisons|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=6mQHaZaDTzAC&pg=PA295|year=2004|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-275-98032-0|ref = harv }} <!-- Last name sort: Fort !-->
* {{cite book|first1=Russell|last1=Hoye|first2=Matthew|last2=Nicholson|first3=Hans|last3=Westerbeek|first4=Aaron|last4=Smith|first5=Bob|last5=Stewart|title=Sport Management|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=iJzpn_bek7YC&pg=PA272|year=2012|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-7506-8755-3| ref = harv }} <!-- Last name sort: Highman !-->
* {{cite book|first1=John|last1=Nauright|first2=Charles|last2=Parrish|title=Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=IkLYDgTnMxEC&pg=PA384|year=2012|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-59884-300-2|ref = harv }} <!-- Last name sort: Nauright !-->
* {{cite book|title=Primary Australian History|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ZgRrB74FiqMC&pg=PA90|year=2008|author=R.I.C. Publications|publisher=R.I.C. Publications|isbn=978-1-74126-684-9|ref = harv}} <!-- Last name sort: R.I.C. Publications !-->
* {{Cite book|title= A sporting nation : celebrating Australia's sporting life|first1=Eric C|last1=Rolls|first2=Marion|last2=Halligan|first3=Marlene|last3=Mathews|first4=Paul|last4=Cliff|publisher=National Library of Australia|location=Canberra|year=1999|isbn=0642107041|oclc=44839640| ref = harv }} <!-- Last name sort: Rolls !-->
* {{cite book|title=A national game : the history of Australian rules football|first1=Rob|last1=Hess|first2=Matthew|last2=Nicholson|first3=Bob|last3=Stewart|first4=Gregory|last4=de Moore|location=Camberwell, Victoria|publisher=Penguin|year=2008|isbn=9780670070893 |oclc=247974138|ref = harv}}<!-- Last name sort: Stewart !-->
{{refend}}

{{Football codes in Australia}}
{{Australian footbal code crowds}} {{Australian footbal code crowds}}
{{Australian sport}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2013}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Football In Australia}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Football In Australia}}
] ]

Revision as of 03:25, 11 September 2013

In Australia, football may refer to several sports played in the country, each with varying popularity and participation. The four major football codes in Australia are association football, Australian rules football, rugby league and rugby union. Other football codes in Australia include American football and futsal.

The various forms of football in Australia are discussed in the following articles, each corresponding to the individual sport:

References

  1. "Football in Australia". australia.gov.au. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
Sport in Australia
By state/territory
Team sports
Individual sports
International competitions
Australian football code crowds
Category: