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Revision as of 09:28, 12 September 2013

August 3 is the 215th day of the year (216th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 150 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

• 8 – Roman Empire general Tiberius defeats Dalmatae on the river Bathinus.
• 435 – Deposed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius, considered the originator of Nestorianism, is exiled by Roman Emperor Theodosius II to a monastery in Egypt.
• 881 – Battle of Saucourt-en-Vimeu: Louis III of France defeats the Vikings, an event celebrated in the poem Ludwigslied.
• 1031 – Olaf II of Norway is canonized as Saint Olaf by Grimketel, the English Bishop of Selsey.
• 1342 – The Siege of Algeciras commences during the Spanish Reconquista.
• 1492 – Christopher Columbus sets sail from Palos de la Frontera, Spain.
• 1527 – The first known letter from North America is sent by John Rut while at St. John's, Newfoundland.
• 1601 – Long War: Austria captures Transylvania in the Battle of Goroszló.
• 1645 – Thirty Years' War: the Second Battle of Nördlingen sees French forces defeating those of the Holy Roman Empire.
• 1678 – Robert LaSalle builds the Le Griffon, the first known ship built on the Great Lakes.
• 1795 – Treaty of Greenville is signed.
• 1811 – First ascent of Jungfrau, third highest summit in the Bernese Alps by brothers Johann Rudolf and Hieronymus Meyer.
• 1852 – Harvard University wins the first Boat Race between Yale University and Harvard. The race is also the first American intercollegiate athletic event
• 1860 – The Second Maori War begins in New Zealand.
• 1900 – The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company is founded.
• 1903 – Macedonian rebels in Kruševo proclaim the Kruševo Republic, which exists only for 10 days before Ottoman Turks lay waste to the town.
• 1907 – Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis fines Standard Oil of Indiana a record $29.4 million for illegal rebating to freight carriers; the conviction and fine are later reversed on appeal.
• 1913 – A major labour dispute, known as the Wheatland Hop Riot, starts in Wheatland, California.
• 1914 – World War I: Germany declares war against France.
• 1921 – Major League Baseball Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis confirms the ban of the eight Chicago Black Sox, the day after they were acquitted by a Chicago court.
• 1929 – Jiddu Krishnamurti, tagged as the messianic "World Teacher", shocks the Theosophy movement by dissolving the Order of the Star, the organisation built to support him.
• 1934 – Adolf Hitler becomes the supreme leader of Germany by joining the offices of President and Chancellor into Führer.
• 1936 – Jesse Owens wins the 100 meter dash, defeating Ralph Metcalfe, at the Berlin Olympics.
• 1936 – A fire wipes out Kursha-2 in the Meshchera Lowlands, Ryazan Oblast, Russia, killing 1,200 and leaving only 20 survivors.
• 1940 – World War II: Italian forces begin the invasion of British Somaliland.
• 1946 – Santa Claus Land, the world's first themed amusement park, opens in Santa Claus, Indiana, United States.
• 1948 – Whittaker Chambers accuses Alger Hiss of being a communist and a spy for the Soviet Union.
• 1958 – The nuclear submarine USS Nautilus travels beneath the Arctic ice cap.
• 1959 – Portugal's state police force PIDE fires upon striking workers in Bissau, Portuguese Guinea, killing over 50 people.
• 1960 – Niger gains independence from France.
• 1961 – The New Democratic Party of Canada is founded by the merger of the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation and the Canadian Labour Congress.
• 1972 – The United States Senate ratifies the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
• 1975 – A privately chartered Boeing 707 crashes into the mountainside near Agadir, Morocco, killing 188.
• 1977 – The United States Senate begins its hearing on Project MKUltra.
• 1977 – Tandy Corporation announces the TRS-80, one of the world's first mass-produced personal computers.
• 1981 – Senegalese opposition parties, under the leadership of Mamadou Dia, launch the Antiimperialist Action Front – Suxxali Reew Mi.
• 1997 – Oued El-Had and Mezouara massacre in Algeria; a total of 116 villagers killed, 40 in Oued El-Had and 76 in Mezouara.
• 2001 – The Real IRA detonates a car bomb in Ealing, London, England, United Kingdom injuring seven people.
• 2004 – The pedestal of the Statue of Liberty reopens after being closed since the September 11 attacks.
• 2005 – President of Mauritania Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya is overthrown in a military coup while attending the funeral of King Fahd in Saudi Arabia.
• 2005 – Mahmoud Ahmadinejad becomes President of Iran.
• 2007 – Former Deputy Director of the Chilean secret police Raúl Iturriaga is captured after having been on the run following a conviction for kidnapping.
• 2010 – Widespread rioting erupts in Karachi, Pakistan, after the assassination of a local politician, leaving at least 85 dead and at least 17 billion Pakistani rupees (US$200 million) in damage.

Births

• 1491 – Maria of Jülich-Berg (d. 1543)
• 1509 – Étienne Dolet, French scholar (d. 1546)
• 1692 – John Henley, English clergyman (d. 1759)
• 1734 – Naungdawgyi, Myanmar king (d. 1763)
• 1770 – Frederick William III of Prussia (d. 1840)
• 1803 – Joseph Paxton, English gardener and architect, designed The Crystal Palace (d. 1865)
• 1808 – Hamilton Fish, American politician (d. 1893)
• 1811 – Elisha Otis, American inventor and businessman, founded the Otis Elevator Company (d. 1861)
• 1817 – Archduke Albrecht, Duke of Teschen, Austrian general (d. 1895)
• 1832 – Ivan Zajc, Croatian composer (d. 1914)
• 1840 – John Bigham, 1st Viscount Mersey, English jurist and politician (d. 1929)
• 1850 – Reginald Heber Roe, Australian academic and educator (d. 1926)
• 1855 – Joe Hunter, English cricketer (d. 1891)
• 1856 – Alfred Deakin, Australian politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1919)
• 1860 – William Kennedy Dickson, France-Scottish actor, director, and inventor (d. 1935)
• 1863 – Géza Gárdonyi, Hungarian writer and journalist (d. 1922)
• 1867 – Stanley Baldwin, English politician, 3 time Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1947)
• 1871 – Vernon Louis Parrington, American historian and football coach (d. 1929)
• 1872 – Haakon VII of Norway (d. 1957)
• 1878 – Dick Grant, Canadian runner (d. 1958)
• 1886 – Maithili Sharan Gupt, Indian poet (d. 1964)
• 1887 – Rupert Brooke, English poet (d. 1915)
• 1894 – Harry Heilmann, American baseball player (d. 1951)
• 1895 – Neva Morris, American super-centenarian (d. 2010)
• 1895 – Marguerite Nichols, American actress (d. 1941)
• 1896 – Ralph Horween, American Harvard and National Football League football player, centenarian (d. 1997))
• 1899 – Louis Chiron, Monegasque race car driver (d. 1979)
• 1900 – Ernie Pyle, American journalist (d. 1945)
• 1900 – John T. Scopes, American teacher (d. 1970)
• 1901 – John C. Stennis, American politician (d. 1995)
• 1901 – Stefan Wyszyński, Polish cardinal (d. 1981)
• 1902 – Regina Jonas, German rabbi (d. 1944)
• 1903 – Habib Bourguiba, Tunisian politician (d. 2000)
• 1904 – Clifford D. Simak, American writer (d. 1988)
• 1905 – Dolores del Río, Mexican actress (d. 1983)
• 1905 – Franz König, Austrian cardinal (d. 2004)
• 1907 – Lawrence Brown, American trombonist and composer (d. 1988)
• 1907 – Ernesto Geisel, Brazilian military leader and politician, 29th President of Brazil (d. 1996)
• 1909 – Walter Van Tilburg Clark, American novelist (d. 1971)
• 1911 – Alex McCrindle, Scottish actor (d. 1990)
• 1913 – Mel Tolkin, Ukrainian-American writer (d. 2007)
• 1915 – Frank Arthur Calder, Canadian politician (d. 2006)
• 1915 – Pete Newell, American basketball coach (d. 2008)
• 1916 – Shakeel Badayuni, Indian poet and songwriter (d. 1970)
• 1916 – José Manuel Moreno, Argentine footballer (d. 1978)
• 1917 – Les Elgart, American trumpet player and bandleader (d. 1995)
• 1918 – James MacGregor Burns, American historian and presidential biographer
• 1918 – Sidney Gottlieb, American chemist (d. 1999)
• 1918 – Larry Haines, American actor (d. 2008)
• 1920 – Max Fatchen, Australian journalist and author (d. 2012)
• 1920 – P. D. James, English author
• 1920 – Charlie Shavers, American trumpet player (d. 1971)
• 1920 – Elmar Tampõld, Estonian-Canadian architect
• 1921 – Marilyn Maxwell, American actress (d. 1972)
• 1921 – Richard Adler, American songwriter and composer (d. 2012)
• 1921 – Hayden Carruth, American poet and critic (d. 2008)
• 1922 – John Eisenhower, 45th United States Ambassador to Belgium
• 1923 – Jean Hagen, American actress (d. 1977)
• 1923 – Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria (d. 2012)
• 1924 – Leon Uris, American novelist (d. 2003)
• 1925 – Marv Levy, American football coach
• 1926 – Tony Bennett, American singer
• 1926 – Anthony Sampson, English journalist (d. 2004)
• 1927 – Gordon Scott, American actor (d. 2007)
• 1928 – Cécile Aubry, French actress (d. 2010)
• 1928 – Henning Moritzen, Danish actor (d. 2012)
• 1930 – James Komack, American television producer (d. 1997)
• 1933 – Pat Crawford, Australian cricketer (d. 2009)
• 1934 – William Calhoun, American wrestler (d. 1989)
• 1934 – Jonas Savimbi, Angolan political leader, founded UNITA (d. 2002)
• 1934 – Michael Chapman, English bassoonist (d. 2005)
• 1935 – John Erman, American film and television director and producer
• 1935 – Georgy Shonin, Soviet astronaut (d. 1997)
• 1935 – Vic Vogel, Canadian pianist, composer, and bandleader
• 1937 – Steven Berkoff, English actor
• 1937 – Roland Burris, American politician
• 1937 – Duncan Sharpe, Pakistani cricketer
• 1938 – Terry Wogan, Irish-English broadcaster
• 1939 – Jimmie Nicol, English drummer (Colin Hicks & The Cabin Boys)
• 1939 – Apoorva Sengupta, Indian cricketer
• 1940 – Lance Alworth, American football player
• 1940 – Martin Sheen, American actor
• 1940 – James Tyler, American guitarist, composer, and author (d. 2010)
• 1941 – Beverly Lee, American singer (The Shirelles)
• 1941 – Martha Stewart, American businesswoman, publisher, and author, founded Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia
• 1943 – Béla Bollobás, Hungarian-English mathematician
• 1943 – Princess Christina, Mrs. Magnuson, Swedish daughter of Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten
• 1943 – Steven Millhauser, American novelist
• 1944 – Nino Bravo, Spanish singer (d. 1973)
• 1945 – Eamon Dunphy, Irish footballer
• 1946 – Jack Straw, English politician
• 1946 – Syreeta Wright, American singer-songwriter (d. 2004)
• 1946 – John York, American bass player, songwriter, and producer (The Byrds)
• 1948 – Jean-Pierre Raffarin, French politician
• 1949 – Philip Casnoff, American actor
• 1949 – B. B. Dickerson, American bass player and songwriter (War)
• 1950 – Linda Howard, American author
• 1950 – John Landis, American director
• 1950 – Jo Marie Payton, American actress
• 1950 – Ernesto Samper, Colombian politician and former president
• 1951 – Marcel Dionne, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1951 – Jay North, American actor
• 1952 – Osvaldo Ardiles, Argentine footballer
• 1952 – Loles León, Spanish actress
• 1953 – Ian Bairnson, Scottish musician, famous for being one of the core members of The Alan Parsons Project & Keats
• 1954 – Gary Peters, English footballer
• 1955 – Corey Burton, American voice actor
• 1956 – Kirk Brandon, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Theatre of Hate, Spear of Destiny and Dead Men Walking)
• 1956 – Balwinder Sandhu, Indian cricketer
• 1957 – Bodo Rudwaleit, German footballer
• 1958 – Ana Kokkinos, Australian director
• 1958 – Lambert Wilson, French actor
• 1959 – John C. McGinley, American actor
• 1959 – Martin Atkins, English drummer (Public Image Ltd, Ministry, and Killing Joke)
• 1959 – Mike Gminski, American basketball player
• 1959 – Koichi Tanaka, Japanese engineer and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1960 – Tim Mayotte, American tennis player
• 1960 – Gopal Sharma, Indian cricketer
• 1961 – Molly Hagan, American actress
• 1961 – Lee Rocker, American bassist (Stray Cats)
• 1963 – James Hetfield, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Metallica, Spastik Children, and Leather Charm)
• 1963 – Ed Roland, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Collective Soul)
• 1963 – Lisa Ann Walter, American actress
• 1963 – Isaiah Washington, American actor
• 1964 – Lucky Dube, South African singer and keyboardist (d. 2007)
• 1964 – Nate McMillan, American basketball player and coach
• 1964 – Abhisit Vejjajiva, Thai politician, 27th Prime Minister of Thailand
• 1964 – Kevin Sumlin, American football coach
• 1966 – Brent Butt, Canadian actor
• 1966 – Eric Esch, American boxer
• 1967 – Skin, English singer and model (Skunk Anansie)
• 1967 – Mathieu Kassovitz, French director and screenwriter
• 1968 – Rod Beck, American baseball player (d. 2007)
• 1969 – Doug Overton, American basketball player
• 1970 – Stephen Carpenter, American guitarist and songwriter (Deftones and Sol Invicto)
• 1970 – Masahiro Sakurai, Japanese video game designer, created Super Smash Bros and Kirby
• 1970 – Manmohan Waris, Indian singer
• 1971 – Forbes Johnston, Scottish footballer (d. 2007)
• 1971 – Will Muschamp, American football coach
• 1971 – DJ Spinderella, American DJ, rapper, and producer (Salt-n-Pepa)
• 1972 – Brigid Brannagh, Irish-American actress
• 1972 – Erika Marozsán, Hungarian actress
• 1972 – Sandis Ozoliņš, Latvian ice hockey player
• 1973 – Jay Cutler, American bodybuilder
• 1973 – Nikos Dabizas, Greek footballer
• 1973 – Michael Ealy, American actor
• 1975 – Wael Gomaa, Egyptian footballer
• 1975 – Argyro Strataki, Greek heptathlete
• 1976 – Troy Glaus, American baseball player
• 1977 – Tom Brady, American football player
• 1977 – Tómas Lemarquis, Icelandic actor
• 1977 – Óscar Pereiro, Spanish cyclist
• 1977 – Deniz Akkaya, Turkish model
• 1977 – Justin Lehr, American baseball player
• 1978 – Joi Chua, Singaporean singer-songwriter
• 1978 – Mariusz Jop, Polish footballer
• 1978 – Dimitrios Zografakis, Greek footballer
• 1979 – Evangeline Lilly, Canadian model and actress
• 1980 – Nadia Ali, Pakistani-American singer-songwriter (iiO)
• 1980 – Dominic Moore, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1980 – Tony Pashos, American football player
• 1980 – Brandan Schieppati, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Bleeding Through, Eighteen Visions, and Throwdown)
• 1981 – Pablo Ibáñez, Spanish footballer
• 1981 – Travis Bowyer, American baseball player
• 1982 – Jesse Lumsden, Canadian bobsledder and football player
• 1982 – Aaron Stevens, American wrestler
• 1983 – Ryan Carter, American ice hockey player
• 1983 – Mamie Gummer, American actress
• 1983 – Mark Reynolds, American baseball player
• 1984 – Yasin Avcı, Turkish footballer
• 1984 – Sunil Chhetri, Indian footballer
• 1984 – Jon Foster, American actor
• 1984 – Ryan Lochte, American swimmer
• 1984 – Matt Joyce, American baseball player
• 1984 – Chris Maurer, American singer and bass player (Suburban Legends)
• 1984 – Carah Faye Charnow, American singer-songwriter (Shiny Toy Guns and Versant)
• 1985 – Sonny Bill Williams, New Zealand rugby player
• 1985 – Holly Blake-Arnstein, American singer and dancer (Dream)
• 1985 – Ats Purje, Estonian footballer
• 1986 – Charlotte Casiraghi, Monegasque daughter of Caroline, Princess of Hanover
• 1987 – Kim Hyung-jun, Korean singer, dancer, and actor (SS501)
• 1988 – Denny Cardin, Italian footballer
• 1988 – Leigh Tiffin, American football player
• 1989 – Jules Bianchi, French race car driver
• 1989 – Sam Hutchinson, English footballer
• 1989 – Nick Viergever, Dutch footballer
• 1990 – Jourdan Dunn, English model
• 1992 – Karlie Kloss, American model
• 1992 – Lum Rexhepi, Finnish footballer
• 1992 – Gesa Felicitas Krause, German runner
• 1992 – Gamze Bulut, Turkish runner
• 1993 – Ola Abidogun, English sprinter
• 1993 – Yurina Kumai, Japanese singer (Berryz Kobo)

Deaths

• 1460 – James II of Scotland (b. 1430)
• 1527 – Scaramuccia Trivulzio, Italian cardinal
• 1546 – Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, Italian architect, designed the Apostolic Palace (b. 1484)
• 1546 – Étienne Dolet, French scholar and printer (b. 1509)
• 1604 – Bernardino de Mendoza, Spanish diplomat
• 1621 – Guillaume du Vair, French writer (b. 1556)
• 1667 – Francesco Borromini, Swiss architect, designed San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane and Sant'Agnese in Agone (b. 1599)
• 1712 – Joshua Barnes, English scholar (b. 1654)
• 1720 – Anthonie Heinsius, Dutch statesman (b. 1641)
• 1721 – Grinling Gibbons, English sculptor and woodcarver (b. 1648)
• 1761 – Johann Matthias Gesner, German scholar (b. 1691)
• 1773 – Stanisław Konarski, Polish writer (b. 1700)
• 1780 – Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, French philosopher (b. 1715)
• 1792 – Richard Arkwright, English industrialist and inventor (b. 1732)
• 1797 – Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst, English military commander (b. 1717)
• 1805 – Christopher Anstey, English writer (b. 1724)
• 1819 – Simon Knéfacz, Croatian writer (b. 1752)
• 1835 – Wenzel Müller, Austrian composer and conductor (b. 1767)
• 1839 – Dorothea von Schlegel, German novelist (b. 1763)
• 1857 – Eugène Sue, French novelist (b. 1804)
• 1866 – Gábor Klauzál, Hungarian politician (b. 1804)
• 1867 – Philipp August Böckh, German scholar and antiquarian (b. 1785)
• 1877 – William B. Ogden, American politician, 1st Mayor of Chicago (b. 1805)
• 1879 – Joseph Severn, English painter (b. 1793)
• 1916 – Roger Casement, Irish rebel (b. 1864)
• 1917 – Ferdinand Georg Frobenius, German mathematician (b. 1849)
• 1924 – Joseph Conrad, Polish-English writer (b. 1857)
• 1925 – William Bruce, Australian cricketer (b. 1864)
• 1929 – Emile Berliner, German-American inverter and businessman, invented the phonograph (b. 1851)
• 1929 – Thorstein Veblen, American economist and sociologist (b. 1857)
• 1942 – Richard Willstätter, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1872)
• 1946 – Francis Newton, American golfer (b. 1874)
• 1949 – Ignotus, Hungarian editor and writer (b. 1869)
• 1954 – Colette, French writer (b. 1873)
• 1958 – Peter Collins, English race car driver (b. 1931)
• 1964 – Flannery O'Connor, American writer (b. 1925)
• 1966 – Lenny Bruce, American comedian (b. 1925)
• 1971 – Ernst Eklund, Swedish actor (b. 1882)
• 1972 – Giannis Papaioannou, Turkish-Greek musician and composer (b. 1913)
• 1973 – Richard Marshall, American general (b. 1895)
• 1975 – Andreas Embirikos, Greek poet and photographer (b. 1901)
• 1977 – Makarios III, Greek archbishop and politician, 1st President of the Republic of Cyprus (b. 1913)
• 1977 – Alfred Lunt, American actor (b. 1892)
• 1979 – Bertil Ohlin, Swedish economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)
• 1979 – Angelos Terzakis, Greek writer (b. 1907)
• 1983 – Carolyn Jones, American actress (b. 1930)
• 1990 – Betty Amann, German-American actress (b. 1905)
• 1995 – Ida Lupino, English actress and director (b. 1914)
• 1995 – Edward Whittemore, American writer (b. 1933)
• 1996 – Jørgen Garde, Danish admiral (b. 1939)
• 1997 – Pietro Rizzuto, Canadian politician (b. 1934)
• 1998 – Alfred Schnittke, Russian composer (b. 1934)
• 1999 – Byron Farwell, American historian (b. 1921)
• 2001 – Christopher Hewett, English actor (b. 1922)
• 2002 – Carmen Silvera, English actress (b. 1922)
• 2003 – Roger Voudouris, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1954)
• 2004 – Henri Cartier-Bresson, French photographer (b. 1908)
• 2004 – Bob Murphy, American sportscaster (b. 1924)
• 2005 – Françoise d'Eaubonne, French activist (b. 1920)
• 2006 – Arthur Lee, American singer-songwriter, musician, and producer (Love) (b. 1945)
• 2006 – Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, German-English soprano (b. 1915)
• 2007 – John Gardner, English author (b. 1926)
• 2008 – Skip Caray, American sportscaster (b. 1939)
• 2008 – Erik Darling, American singer-songwriter (The Tarriers and The Rooftop Singers) (b. 1933)
• 2008 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian writer (b. 1918)
• 2009 – Nikolaos Makarezos, Greek army officer (b. 1919)
• 2011 – Bubba Smith, American football player and actor (b. 1945)
• 2011 – William Sleator, American science fiction author (b. 1945)
• 2012 – John Berry, English motorcycle racing promoter and manager (b. 1944)
• 2012 – Martin Fleischmann, Czech-English chemist (b. 1927)
• 2012 – Paul McCracken, American economist (b. 1915)

Holidays and observances

• Anniversary of the Killing of Pidjiguiti (Guinea-Bissau)
• Armed Forces Day (Equatorial Guinea)
• Christian Feast Day:
  • Lydia of Thyatira
  • Nicodemus
  • Olaf II of Norway (Translation of the relic)
  • Stephen (Discovery of the relic)
  • Waltheof of Melrose
  • August 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Emancipation Day (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)
• Flag Day (Venezuela)
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Niger from France in 1960.

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

• Days of the year
• August