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August 11 is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 142 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

• 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Mayans, begins.
• 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation.
• 106 – The south-western part of Dacia (modern Romania) becomes a Roman province: Roman Dacia.
• 355 – Claudius Silvanus, accused of treason, proclaims himself Roman Emperor against Constantius II.
• 490 – Battle of Adda: The Goths under Theodoric the Great and his ally Alaric II defeat the forces of Odoacer on the Adda River, near Milan.
• 1332 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Dupplin Moor – Scots under Domhnall II, Earl of Mar are routed by Edward Balliol.
• 1473 – The Battle of Otlukbeli: Mehmed the Conqueror of the Ottoman Empire decisively defeats Uzun Hassan of Aq Qoyunlu.
• 1675 – Franco-Dutch War: forces of the Holy Roman Empire defeat the French in the Battle of Konzer Brücke.
• 1786 – Captain Francis Light establishes the British colony of Penang in Malaysia.
• 1804 – Francis II assumes the title of first Emperor of Austria.
• 1812 – Peninsular War: French troops engage British-Portuguese forces in the Battle of Majadahonda.
• 1858 – The Eiger in the Bernese Alps is ascended for the first time by Charles Barrington accompanied by Christian Almer and Peter Bohren.
• 1898 – Spanish–American War: American troops enter the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
• 1918 – World War I: the Battle of Amiens ends.
• 1919 – The constitution of the Weimar Republic is adopted.
• 1920 – The Latvian–Soviet Peace Treaty, which relinquished Russia's authority and pretenses to Latvia, is signed, ending the Latvian War of Independence.
• 1929 – Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 500 home runs in his career with a home run at League Park in Cleveland, Ohio.
• 1934 – The first civilian prisoners arrive at the Federal prison on Alcatraz Island.
• 1942 – Actress Hedy Lamarr and composer George Antheil receive a patent for a Frequency-hopping spread spectrum communication system that later became the basis for modern technologies in wireless telephones and Wi-Fi.
• 1945 – Poles in Kraków engage in a pogrom against Jews in the city, killing 1 and wounding 5.
• 1947 – Muhammad Ali Jinnah, founding father of Pakistan, gives a speech to the Constituent Assembly, the contents and meaning of which remain contentious today.
• 1952 – Hussein bin Talal is proclaimed King of Jordan.
• 1959 – Sheremetyevo International Airport, the second-largest airport in Russia, opens.
• 1960 – Chad declares independence.
• 1961 – The former Portuguese territories in India of Dadra and Nagar Haveli are merged to create the Union Territory Dadra and Nagar Haveli.
• 1962 – Vostok 3 launches from the Baikonur Cosmodrome and cosmonaut Andrian Nikolayev becomes the first person to float in microgravity.
• 1965 – Race riots (the Watts Riots) begin in the Watts area of Los Angeles, California.
• 1968 – The last steam hauled train runs on British Rail
• 1972 – Vietnam War: the last United States ground combat unit leaves South Vietnam.
• 1975 – East Timor: Governor Mário Lemos Pires of Portuguese Timor abandons the capital Dili, following a coup by the Timorese Democratic Union (UDT) and the outbreak of civil war between UDT and Fretilin.
• 1982 – A bomb explodes on Pan Am Flight 830, en route from Tokyo, Japan to Honolulu, Hawaii, killing one teenager and injuring 15 passengers.
• 1984 – "We begin bombing in five minutes" – United States President Ronald Reagan, while running for re-election, jokes while preparing to make his weekly Saturday address on National Public Radio.
• 1999 – The Salt Lake City Tornado tears through the downtown district of the city, killing one.
• 2003 – NATO takes over command of the peacekeeping force in Afghanistan, marking its first major operation outside Europe in its 54-year-history.
• 2003 – Jemaah Islamiyah leader Riduan Isamuddin, better known as Hambali, is arrested in Bangkok, Thailand.
• 2006 – The oil tanker M/T Solar 1 sinks off the coast of Guimaras and Negros Islands in the Philippines, causing the country's worst oil spill.
• 2012 – At least 306 people are killed and 3,000 others injured in a pair of earthquakes near Tabriz, Iran.

Births

• 1467 – Mary of York (d. 1482)
• 1648 – Jeremiah Shepard, American minister (d. 1720)
• 1667 – Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, Italian wife of Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine (d. 1743)
• 1673 – Richard Mead, English physician (d. 1754)
• 1718 – Frederick Haldimand, Swiss-English military officer (d. 1791)
• 1722 – Richard Brocklesby, English physician (d. 1797)
• 1748 – Joseph Schuster, German composer (d. 1812)
• 1778 – Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, Prussian educator and nationalist (d. 1852)
• 1794 – James Barton Longacre, American engraver (d. 1869)
• 1807 – David Rice Atchison, American politician (d. 1886)
• 1808 – William W. Chapman, American politician (d. 1892)
• 1825 – István Türr, Hungarian soldier, architect, and engineer, co-designed the Corinth Canal (d. 1908)
• 1833 – Robert G. Ingersoll, American politician and soldier (d. 1899)
• 1833 – Kido Takayoshi, Japanese politician (d. 1877)
• 1836 – Warren Brown, American politician (d. 1919)
• 1837 – Marie François Sadi Carnot, French statesman, 4th President of the French Republic (d. 1894)
• 1855 – John Hodges, Australian cricketer (d. 1933)
• 1858 – Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1930)
• 1860 – Ottó Bláthy, Hungarian engineer and inventor (d. 1939)
• 1870 – Tom Richardson, English cricketer (d. 1912)
• 1872 – Kijūrō Shidehara, Japanese politician, 44th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1951)
• 1875 – Daniel Soubeyran, French rower (d. 1959)
• 1877 – Adolph M. Christianson, American judge (d. 1954)
• 1878 – Oliver W. F. Lodge, English poet and writer (d. 1955)
• 1884 – Hermann Wlach, Austrian actor (d. 1962)
• 1891 – Stancho Belkovski, Bulgarian architect and educator (d. 1962)
• 1892 – Hugh MacDiarmid, Scottish poet (d. 1978)
• 1892 – Archie Wiles, Indian cricketer (d. 1957)
• 1892 – Eiji Yoshikawa, Japanese novelist (d. 1962)
• 1897 – Enid Blyton, English author (d. 1968)
• 1897 – Louise Bogan, American poet (d. 1970)
• 1898 – Peter Mohr Dam, Faroese politician, 3rd Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (d. 1968)
• 1900 – Philip Phillips, American archaeologist (d. 1994)
• 1902 – Alfredo Binda, Italian cyclist (d. 1986)
• 1902 – Lloyd Nolan, American actor (d. 1985)
• 1905 – Erwin Chargaff, Austrian biochemist (d. 2002)
• 1907 – Ted a'Beckett, Australian cricketer (d. 1989)
• 1908 – Don Freeman, American illustrator and author (d. 1978)
• 1908 – Torgny T:son Segerstedt, Swedish philosopher (d. 1999)
• 1909 – Yūji Koseki, Japanese composer (d. 1989)
• 1909 – Uku Masing, Estonian philosopher, translator and theologist (d. 1985)
• 1912 – Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs, German astronomer (d. 1954)
• 1912 – Thanom Kittikachorn, Thai politician, 10th Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 2004)
• 1912 – Raphael Blau, American screenwriter (d. 1996)
• 1913 – Paul Dupuis, Canadian actor (d. 1976)
• 1913 – Bob Scheffing, American baseball player and manager (d. 1985)
• 1913 – Angus Wilson, English novelist (d. 1991)
• 1914 – José Silva, American parapsychologist (d. 1999)
• 1916 – Johnny Claes, Belgian race car driver (d. 1956)
• 1919 – Ginette Neveu, French violinist (d. 1949)
• 1919 – Luis Olmo, Puerto Rican baseball player
• 1920 – Chuck Rayner, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2002)
• 1921 – Alex Haley, American historian (d. 1992)
• 1922 – John "Mule" Miles, American baseball player (d. 2013)
• 1923 – Stan Chambers, American journalist
• 1925 – Floyd Curry, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2006)
• 1925 – Arlene Dahl, American actress
• 1925 – Mike Douglas, American singer and talk show host (d. 2006)
• 1926 – Aaron Klug, Lithuanian-English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1926 – Claus von Bülow, Danish-English writer
• 1927 – Raymond Leppard, English conductor and composer
• 1927 – Stuart Rosenberg, American director (d. 2007)
• 1930 – Paul Soles, Canadian actor
• 1932 – Fernando Arrabal, Spanish writer
• 1932 – Izzy Asper, Canadian lawyer, businessman, and politician, founded Canwest (d. 2003)
• 1932 – Peter Eisenman, American architect, designed the City of Culture of Galicia
• 1932 – John Gorrie, English director
• 1933 – Jerry Falwell, American pastor and evangelist (d. 2007)
• 1933 – Jerzy Grotowski, Polish director (d. 1999)
• 1936 – Andre Dubus, American writer (d. 1999)
• 1938 – Branko Stanovnik, Slovenian chemist
• 1939 – Ronnie Dawson, American musician (d. 2003)
• 1940 – Lennie Pond, American race car driver
• 1942 – Mike Hugg, English singer-songwriter musician (Manfred Mann and The Manfreds)
• 1943 – Jim Kale, Canadian bassist (The Guess Who)
• 1943 – Abigail Folger, heiress and activist (d. 1969)
• 1943 – Pervez Musharraf, Pakistani general and politician, 10th President of Pakistan
• 1943 – Stefania Toczyska, Polish soprano
• 1944 – Ian McDiarmid, Scottish actor
• 1944 – Frederick W. Smith, American businessman, founded FedEx
• 1944 – Martin Linton, Swedish-English politician
• 1944 – Hans Knudsen, Danish sprint canoer
• 1946 – John Conlee, American singer
• 1946 – Marilyn vos Savant, American columnist
• 1947 – Theo de Jong, Dutch footballer and coach
• 1947 – Georgios Karatzaferis, Greek politician
• 1948 – Jan Palach, Czech activist (d. 1969)
• 1949 – Eric Carmen, American singer-songwriter and musician (Raspberries)
• 1949 – Tim Hutchinson, American politician
• 1950 – Elya Baskin, Latvian-American actor
• 1950 – Erik Brann, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Iron Butterfly) (d. 2003)
• 1950 – Gennadiy Nikonov, Russian engineer, designed the AN-94 rifle (d. 2003)
• 1950 – Steve Wozniak, American computer scientist and programmer, co-founded Apple Inc.
• 1951 – Vincent Bilodeau, Canadian actor and comedian
• 1952 – Reid Blackburn, American photographer (d. 1980)
• 1952 – Manfred Krüger, German footballer
• 1952 – Bob Mothersbaugh, American singer, guitarist, and producer (Devo)
• 1953 – Hulk Hogan, American wrestler and actor
• 1953 – Wijda Mazereeuw, Dutch swimmer
• 1954 – Vance Heafner, American golfer (d. 2012)
• 1954 – Joe Jackson, English singer-songwriter, musician, and author
• 1954 – M. V. Narasimha Rao, Indian cricketer
• 1954 – Yashpal Sharma, Indian cricketer
• 1955 – Marc Bureau, Canadian politician
• 1955 – Sylvia Hermon, Northern Ireland politician
• 1956 – Pierre-Louis Lions, French mathematician
• 1957 – Ian Stuart Donaldson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Skrewdriver) (d. 1993)
• 1958 – Jah Wobble, English singer-songwriter and bassist (Public Image Ltd and The Damage Manual)
• 1959 – Gustavo Cerati, Argentinian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Soda Stereo)
• 1959 – Yoshiaki Murakami, Japanese investor
• 1959 – Taraki Sivaram, Sri Lankan Tamil journalist (d. 2005)
• 1959 – László Szlávics, Jr., Hungarian sculptor
• 1961 – David Brooks, American journalist and author
• 1961 – Craig Ehlo, American basketball player
• 1961 – Jukka Tapanimäki, Finnish game programmer (d. 2000)
• 1962 – Brian Azzarello, American writer
• 1962 – Charles Cecil, British video game designer and co-founder of Revolution Software
• 1962 – Uvais Karnain, Sri Lankan cricketer
• 1962 – Ennis Whatley, American basketball player
• 1963 – Hiromi Makihara, Japanese baseball player
• 1964 – Jim Lee, South Korean-American writer and illustrator
• 1964 – Miguel A. Núñez, Jr., American actor
• 1964 – Nikki Randall, American porn actress
• 1965 – Marc Bergevin, Canadian ice hockey player and manager
• 1965 – Embeth Davidtz, American actress
• 1965 – Viola Davis, American actress
• 1965 – Duane Martin, American actor
• 1965 – Shinji Mikami, Japanese video game designer, created Resident Evil
• 1966 – Nigel Martyn, English footballer
• 1966 – Juan María Solare, Argentine pianist and composer
• 1967 – Enrique Bunbury, Spanish singer-songwriter and guitarist (Héroes del Silencio)
• 1967 – Collin Chou, Taiwanese actor
• 1967 – Eric Maleson, Brazilian bobsledder
• 1967 – Joe Rogan, American comedian, actor, and television host
• 1968 – Princess Mabel of Orange-Nassau
• 1968 – Noordin Mohammad Top, Malaysian terrorist (d. 2009)
• 1969 – Ashley Jensen, English actress
• 1970 – Dirk Hannemann, German footballer
• 1970 – Ali Shaheed Muhammad, American rapper and producer (A Tribe Called Quest, The Ummah, and Lucy Pearl)
• 1970 – Teresa Pavlinek, Canadian actress
• 1971 – Alejandra Barros, Mexican actress
• 1971 – Julie Clarke, American model
• 1971 – Tommy Mooney, English footballer
• 1972 – Jonathon Prandi, American model and actor
• 1973 – Nigel Harman, English actor
• 1973 – Carolyn Murphy, American model and actress
• 1974 – Marie-France Dubreuil, Canadian figure skater
• 1974 – Chris Messina, American actor
• 1974 – Anju Jain, Indian cricketer
• 1974 – Kira Kener, American porn actress
• 1974 – Hadiqa Kiani, Pakistani singer-songwriter and model
• 1974 – Landau Eugene Murphy, Jr., American singer
• 1974 – Audrey Mestre, French diver (d. 2002)
• 1975 – Davey von Bohlen, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Promise Ring, Maritime, and Vermont)
• 1976 – Iván Córdoba, Colombian footballer
• 1976 – Bubba Crosby, American baseball player
• 1976 – Will Friedle, American actor
• 1976 – Ben Gibbard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Death Cab for Cutie, The Postal Service, and ¡All-Time Quarterback!)
• 1976 – Jhong Hilario, Filipino actor and dancer
• 1976 – Erick Lindgren, American poker player
• 1976 – Ľubomír Višňovský, Slovak ice hockey player
• 1977 – Gemma Hayes, Irish singer-songwriter (The Cake Sale)
• 1977 – Dênio Martins, Brazilian footballer
• 1978 – Spyros Gogolos, Greek footballer
• 1978 – Chris Kelly, American rapper (Kris Kross) (d. 2013)
• 1978 – Amber Mariano, American television personality
• 1978 – Jermain Taylor, American boxer
• 1979 – Walter Ayoví, Ecuadorian footballer
• 1979 – Aggeliki Daliani, Greek actress
• 1980 – Daniel Lloyd, English cyclist
• 1980 – Lee Suggs, American football player
• 1981 – Fiona Sit, Hong Kong singer and actress
• 1981 – Sandi Thom, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1982 – Alan Halsall, English actor
• 1982 – Wilko Risser, Namibian footballer
• 1983 – Pavel 183, Russian painter (d. 2013)
• 1983 – Chris Hemsworth, Australian actor
• 1984 – Melky Cabrera, Dominican baseball player
• 1984 – Lucas di Grassi, Brazilian race car driver
• 1984 – Katie Rees, American model, Miss Nevada USA 2007
• 1985 – J-Boog, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (B2K)
• 1985 – Asher Roth, American rapper
• 1986 – Kaori Fukuhara, Japanese voice actress
• 1986 – Richard Keogh, Irish footballer
• 1986 – Pablo Sandoval, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1986 – Mokhtar Benmoussa, Algerian footballer
• 1987 – Dany N'Guessan, French footballer
• 1987 – Drew Storen, American baseball player
• 1989 – Sebastian Huke, German footballer
• 1989 – Gui Gui, Taiwanese singer and actress (Hey Girl)
• 1990 – Lenka Juríková, Slovak tennis player
• 1991 – Cristian Tello, Spanish footballer
• 1993 – Gita Gutawa, Indonesian soprano, actress, and songwriter
• 1993 – Sean McGinty, English-Irish footballer
• 1993 – Alyson Stoner, American actress, singer, and dancer
• 1994 – Rand Al-Mashhadani, Iraqi archer
• 1994 – Storm Sanders, Australian tennis player

Deaths

• 353 – Magnentius, Roman usurper (b. 303)
• 449 – Archbishop Flavian of Constantinople
• 1204 – Guttorm of Norway (b. 1199)
• 1259 – Möngke Khan, Mongolian emperor, 4th Great Khan (b. 1208)
• 1456 – John Hunyadi, Hungarian general (b. 1387)
• 1464 – Nicholas of Cusa, German philosopher and mathematician (b. 1401)
• 1494 – Hans Memling, Flemish painter (b. 1430)
• 1519 – Johann Tetzel, German-Dominican preacher (b. 1465)
• 1563 – Bartolomé de Escobedo, Spanish composer (b. 1500)
• 1578 – Pedro Nunes, Portuguese mathematician (b. 1502)
• 1596 – Hamnet Shakespeare, English son of William Shakespeare (b. 1585)
• 1614 – Lavinia Fontana, Italian painter (b. 1552)
• 1656 – Ottavio Piccolomini, Austrian-Italian field marshal (b. 1599)
• 1774 – Charles-François Tiphaigne de la Roche, French author (b. 1722)
• 1813 – Henry James Pye, English poet (b. 1745)
• 1851 – Lorenz Oken, German historian (b. 1779)
• 1854 – Macedonio Melloni, Italian physicist (b. 1798)
• 1868 – Halfdan Kjerulf, Norwegian composer (b. 1815)
• 1886 – Lydia Koidula, Estonian poet (b. 1843)
• 1890 – John Henry Newman, English cardinal (b. 1801)
• 1892 – Enrico Betti, Italian mathematician (b. 1813)
• 1903 – Eugenio María de Hostos, Puerto Rican philosopher, lawyer, and sociologist (b. 1839)
• 1908 – Khudiram Bose, Indian freedom fighter (b. 1889)
• 1919 – Andrew Carnegie, Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist, founded Carnegie Steel Company and Carnegie Hall (b. 1835)
• 1921 – Mary Sumner, founder of the Mothers' Union.
• 1936 – Blas Infante, Spanish writer and politician (b. 1885)
• 1937 – Edith Wharton, American novelist and designer (b. 1862)
• 1939 – Jean Bugatti, Italian automobile designer and engineer (b. 1909)
• 1939 – Siegfried Flesch, Austrian fencer (b. 1872)
• 1953 – Tazio Nuvolari, Italian race car driver (b. 1892)
• 1954 – Santo Trafficante, Sr., Italian-American mobster (b. 1886)
• 1956 – Jackson Pollock, American painter (b. 1912)
• 1961 – Antanas Škėma, Lithuanian writer, actor, and director (b. 1910)
• 1963 – Otto Wahle, Austrian swimmer (b. 1879)
• 1965 – Bill Woodfull, Australian cricketer (b. 1897)
• 1969 – Miriam Licette, English soprano (b. 1885)
• 1972 – Max Theiler, South African-American virologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)
• 1974 – Vicente Emilio Sojo, Venezuelan conductor and composer (Orfeón Lamas) (b. 1887)
• 1974 – Jan Tschichold, German writer and designer (b. 1902)
• 1975 – Rachel Katznelson-Shazar, Israeli wife of Zalman Shazar (b. 1885)
• 1979 – J. G. Farrell, Irish novelist (b. 1935)
• 1980 – Paul Robert, French lexicographer and publisher (b. 1910)
• 1982 – Tom Drake, American actor (b. 1918)
• 1984 – Alfred A. Knopf, Sr., American publisher, founded Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. (b. 1892)
• 1984 – Paul Felix Schmidt, Estonian–German chess player (b. 1916)
• 1986 – János Drapál, Hungarian motorcycle racer (b. 1948)
• 1988 – Anne Ramsey, American actress (b. 1929)
• 1991 – J. D. McDuffie, American race car driver (b. 1938)
• 1994 – Peter Cushing, English actor (b. 1913)
• 1995 – Phil Harris, American singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1904)
• 1996 – Tassos Isaac, Greek Cypriot activist (b. 1972)
• 1996 – Rafael Kubelík, Czech conductor and composer (b. 1914)
• 1996 – Mel Taylor, American drummer (The Ventures) (b. 1933)
• 1996 – Baba Vanga, Bulgarian mystic (b. 1911)
• 2000 – Jean Papineau-Couture, Canadian composer (b. 1916)
• 2001 – Percy Stallard, English cyclist (b. 1909)
• 2002 – Galen Rowell, American photographer and mountain climber (b. 1940)
• 2003 – Armand Borel, Swiss mathematician (b. 1923)
• 2003 – Herb Brooks, American ice hockey player and coach (b. 1937)
• 2004 – K. Arulanandan, Ceylon Tamil engineer and academic (b. 1925)
• 2005 – James Booth, English actor (b. 1927)
• 2006 – Mike Douglas, American singer and talk show host (b. 1925)
• 2009 – Eunice Kennedy Shriver, American activist, founded the Special Olympics (b. 1921)
• 2010 – Bruno Schleinstein, German actor, artist, and musician (b. 1932)
• 2011 – Jani Lane, American singer-songwriter (Warrant and Saints of the Underground) (b. 1964)
• 2012 – Red Bastien, American wrestler (b. 1931)
• 2012 – Carlo Curley, American organist (b. 1952)
• 2012 – Michael Dokes, American boxer (b. 1958)
• 2012 – Heidi Holland, Zimbabwean journalist and author (b. 1947)
• 2012 – Henning Moritzen, Danish actor (b. 1928)
• 2012 – Bill Rafferty, American comedian and game show host (b. 1944)
• 2012 – Sid Waddell, English sportscaster (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Raymond Delisle, French cycling cyclist (b. 1943)
• 2013 – Don Friedman, American politician and radio talk show host (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Zafar Futehally, Indian ornithologist and conservationist (b. 1919)
• 2013 – Shirley Herz, American Tony Award-winning publicist (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Henry Polic II, American actor (b. 1945)
• 2013 – Judit Temes, Hungarian OIympic champion swimmer (1952) (b. 1930)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Athracht
  • Clare of Assisi
  • Fiacre
  • Gaugericus
  • John Henry Newman (Church of England)
  • Philomena
  • Susanna
  • Taurinus of Évreux
  • Tiburtius and Chromatius
  • August 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Chad from France in 1960.

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

• Days of the year
• August