Mercury(I) hydride: Difference between revisions

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	== Chemical properties ==		== Chemical properties ==

	Mercury(I) hydride is an unstable ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Mercury hydride\|url=http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C13966626&Units=SI&Mask=1#Thermo-Gas\|work=Chemistry WebBook\|publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology\|accessdate=14 October 2012\|location=USA}}</ref> and is the heaviest group 12 monohydride. ~~Furthermore, mercury(I) hydride has a linear (C<sub>∞v</sub>) structure. By weight percent, the~~ composition of mercury(I) hydride is 0.50% hydrogen and 99.50% mercury. In mercury(I) hydride, the formal ]s of hydrogen and mercury are −1 and +1, respectively, because of the ] of mercury is lower than that of hydrogen. The stability of metal hydrides with the formula MH (M = Zn-Hg) increases as the atomic number of M increases.		Mercury(I) hydride is an unstable ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Mercury hydride\|url=http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C13966626&Units=SI&Mask=1#Thermo-Gas\|work=Chemistry WebBook\|publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology\|accessdate=14 October 2012\|location=USA}}</ref> and is the heaviest group 12 monohydride. The composition of mercury(I) hydride is 0.50% hydrogen and 99.50% mercury. In mercury(I) hydride, the formal ]s of hydrogen and mercury are −1 and +1, respectively, because of the ] of mercury is lower than that of hydrogen. The stability of metal hydrides with the formula MH (M = Zn-Hg) increases as the atomic number of M increases.

	The Hg-H bond is very weak and therefore the compound has only been ] at temperatures up to 6 K.<ref>{{cite journal\|doi=10.1021/cr960151d\|title=Hydrides of the Main-Group Metals: New Variations on an Old Theme\|year=2001\|last1=Aldridge\|first1=Simon\|last2=Downs\|first2=Anthony J.\|journal=Chemical Reviews\|volume=101\|issue=11\|pages=3305–65\|pmid=11840988}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal\|doi=10.1063/1.1676373\|title=Hyperfine Interaction, Chemical Bonding, and Isotope Effect in ZnH, CdH, and HgH Molecules\|year=1971\|last1=Knight\|first1=Lon B.\|journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics\|volume=55\|issue=5\|pages=2061}}</ref> The ], HgH<sub>2</sub>, has also been detected this way.		The Hg-H bond is very weak and therefore the compound has only been ] at temperatures up to 6 K.<ref>{{cite journal\|doi=10.1021/cr960151d\|title=Hydrides of the Main-Group Metals: New Variations on an Old Theme\|year=2001\|last1=Aldridge\|first1=Simon\|last2=Downs\|first2=Anthony J.\|journal=Chemical Reviews\|volume=101\|issue=11\|pages=3305–65\|pmid=11840988}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal\|doi=10.1063/1.1676373\|title=Hyperfine Interaction, Chemical Bonding, and Isotope Effect in ZnH, CdH, and HgH Molecules\|year=1971\|last1=Knight\|first1=Lon B.\|journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics\|volume=55\|issue=5\|pages=2061}}</ref> The ], HgH<sub>2</sub>, has also been detected this way.

Revision as of 13:40, 20 October 2013

Mercury(I) hydride
Names
IUPAC name Mercury(I) hydride
Other names Dimercurane Mercurous hydride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1024172
InChI InChI=1S/Hg.HKey: DJSHOLCMNYJYSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
Properties
Chemical formula	HgH
Molar mass	201.60 g mol
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references

Chemical compound

Mercury(I) hydride (systematically named hydridomercury(•)) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula HgH (also written as HgH). It is a photosensitive, colourless gas, and is one of the simplest mercury hydrides.

History

In 1979 and 1985, Swiss chemical physicists, Egger and Gerber, and Soviet chemical physicists, Kolbycheva and Kolbychev, independently, theoretically determined that it is feasible to develop a mercury(I) hydride molecular laser.

Chemical properties

Mercury(I) hydride is an unstable gas and is the heaviest group 12 monohydride. The composition of mercury(I) hydride is 0.50% hydrogen and 99.50% mercury. In mercury(I) hydride, the formal oxidation states of hydrogen and mercury are −1 and +1, respectively, because of the electronegativity of mercury is lower than that of hydrogen. The stability of metal hydrides with the formula MH (M = Zn-Hg) increases as the atomic number of M increases.

The Hg-H bond is very weak and therefore the compound has only been matrix isolated at temperatures up to 6 K. The dihydride, HgH₂, has also been detected this way.

A related compound is bis(hydridomercury)(Hg—Hg) with the formula Hg
₂H
₂, which can be considered to be dimeric mercury(I) hydride. It spontaneously decomposes into the monomeric form.

References

"Mercury hydride". Chemistry WebBook. USA: National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 14 October 2012.
Aldridge, Simon; Downs, Anthony J. (2001). "Hydrides of the Main-Group Metals: New Variations on an Old Theme". Chemical Reviews. 101 (11): 3305–65. doi:10.1021/cr960151d. PMID 11840988.
Knight, Lon B. (1971). "Hyperfine Interaction, Chemical Bonding, and Isotope Effect in ZnH, CdH, and HgH Molecules". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 55 (5): 2061. doi:10.1063/1.1676373.

Mercury compounds

Mercury(I)

Mercury(II)

Organomercury compounds	Hg(CH₃)₂ Hg(C₂H₅)₂ Hg(C₆H₅)₂ HgC₆H₅CH₃CO₂ HgC₆H₅OB(OH)₂ HgC₆H₅NO₃ HgC₆H₅CCl₃ HgClC₆H₄CO₂H HgOHCH₂CHOCH₃CH₂(NHCO) C ₃₆H ₇₀HgO ₄ HgOHCH₂CHOCH₃CH₂NHCOC₆H₄OCH₂CO₂H Na₂HgOHC₆HOBrC₆H₂OBrOCHC₆H₄CO₂ HgOC₆H₂CH₃NO₂ NaHgC₂H₅SC₆H₄CO₂

Mercury(IV)

HgF₄ (hypothetical)

Amalgams

Mercury cations

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Revision as of 01:09, 12 July 2013 editWhoop whoop pull up (talk \| contribs)Extended confirmed users35,196 edits →Chemical properties ← Previous edit		Revision as of 13:40, 20 October 2013 edit undoAxiosaurus (talk \| contribs)Rollbackers8,811 edits →Chemical properties: removed unnecassary description of this diatomic as being linear- the real surprise would be if it wasn't!!!!!Next edit →
Line 26:		Line 26:
	== Chemical properties ==		== Chemical properties ==

	Mercury(I) hydride is an unstable ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Mercury hydride\|url=http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C13966626&Units=SI&Mask=1#Thermo-Gas\|work=Chemistry WebBook\|publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology\|accessdate=14 October 2012\|location=USA}}</ref> and is the heaviest group 12 monohydride. ~~Furthermore, mercury(I) hydride has a linear (C<sub>∞v</sub>) structure. By weight percent, the~~ composition of mercury(I) hydride is 0.50% hydrogen and 99.50% mercury. In mercury(I) hydride, the formal ]s of hydrogen and mercury are −1 and +1, respectively, because of the ] of mercury is lower than that of hydrogen. The stability of metal hydrides with the formula MH (M = Zn-Hg) increases as the atomic number of M increases.		Mercury(I) hydride is an unstable ]<ref>{{cite web\|title=Mercury hydride\|url=http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C13966626&Units=SI&Mask=1#Thermo-Gas\|work=Chemistry WebBook\|publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology\|accessdate=14 October 2012\|location=USA}}</ref> and is the heaviest group 12 monohydride. The composition of mercury(I) hydride is 0.50% hydrogen and 99.50% mercury. In mercury(I) hydride, the formal ]s of hydrogen and mercury are −1 and +1, respectively, because of the ] of mercury is lower than that of hydrogen. The stability of metal hydrides with the formula MH (M = Zn-Hg) increases as the atomic number of M increases.

	The Hg-H bond is very weak and therefore the compound has only been ] at temperatures up to 6 K.<ref>{{cite journal\|doi=10.1021/cr960151d\|title=Hydrides of the Main-Group Metals: New Variations on an Old Theme\|year=2001\|last1=Aldridge\|first1=Simon\|last2=Downs\|first2=Anthony J.\|journal=Chemical Reviews\|volume=101\|issue=11\|pages=3305–65\|pmid=11840988}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal\|doi=10.1063/1.1676373\|title=Hyperfine Interaction, Chemical Bonding, and Isotope Effect in ZnH, CdH, and HgH Molecules\|year=1971\|last1=Knight\|first1=Lon B.\|journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics\|volume=55\|issue=5\|pages=2061}}</ref> The ], HgH<sub>2</sub>, has also been detected this way.		The Hg-H bond is very weak and therefore the compound has only been ] at temperatures up to 6 K.<ref>{{cite journal\|doi=10.1021/cr960151d\|title=Hydrides of the Main-Group Metals: New Variations on an Old Theme\|year=2001\|last1=Aldridge\|first1=Simon\|last2=Downs\|first2=Anthony J.\|journal=Chemical Reviews\|volume=101\|issue=11\|pages=3305–65\|pmid=11840988}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal\|doi=10.1063/1.1676373\|title=Hyperfine Interaction, Chemical Bonding, and Isotope Effect in ZnH, CdH, and HgH Molecules\|year=1971\|last1=Knight\|first1=Lon B.\|journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics\|volume=55\|issue=5\|pages=2061}}</ref> The ], HgH<sub>2</sub>, has also been detected this way.