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] ]


'''J.P. Patches''' is a ] who appeared on the ] television station ] channel 7 from ] to ], after appearing for a few years on ] station ] channel 11 starting in ]. He was hugely popular among viewers in the ] area and southwestern ], not only with children, but with their parents, too, who enjoyed J.P.'s frequent use of ].<!-- ref="multiple, file 5344" DNF --><ref>Stein, Alan J. (02 March 2003). , HistoryLink.org Essay 5344. Retrieved 21 April 2006. Stein referenced Jack Broom, “The J.P. Generation,” ''Pacific Magazine'', ''The Seattle Times'', 4 April 1993, pp. 6-11,14-17; <br>Bill Cartmel, “Hi Ya, Patches Pals,” ''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'', 11 April 1971, pp. 6-7; <br>Erik Lacitis, “Patches Understands &ndash; and Survivies,” ''The Seattle Times'', 23 February 1978, p. A15; <br>, ''The East Side Journal'', 31 May 1962, p. 3; Ibid. 14 May 1969, p. 19.</ref> The show was live. With intense barrage from off-camera crew, the show was unrehearsed, masterful ].<ref>stevenl (13 November 2005). . Retrieved 21 April 2006.</ref><ref>Wedes, Chris; Johnston, Bryan; & Hobson, Tom (ed.) (2002). ''J.P. Patches, Northwest icon''. Seattle: Peanut Butter Publishers, pp. 41&ndash;59. ISBN 0-89716-799-6. </ref> '''J.P. Patches''' is a ] who appeared on the ] television station ] channel 7 from ] to ], after appearing for a few years on ] station ] channel 11 starting in ]. He was hugely popular among viewers in the ] area and southwestern ], not only with children, but with their parents, too, who enjoyed J.P.'s frequent use of ].<ref name=Stein_5344>Stein</ref> At a peak of its 22-year run, the ]-winning program had a viewership of over 100,000 in its local markets. When it was ended in 1981, the show was the longest-running, locally-produced children's program in the U.S.<ref>Beck</ref> The show was live. With intense barrage from off-camera crew, the show was unrehearsed, masterful ].<!-- Consolidated 2 references into 1 --><ref>(1)
{{cite web
| last =
| first =stevenl
| date =2005-11-13 | year = | month =
| url =http://www.olyblog.net/evergroove37
| title ="OlyBlog, Evergroove Trivia pt. 37"
| publisher =OlyBlog.net
| accessdate =2006-04-21
}} <br>] attribution is needed. <br>(2) Wedes & Johnston; Hobson (ed.)
</ref>


'''Chris Wedes''' took up the character in ] when ], the character's creator, left WTCN for ] channel 5 in ].{{tl|Citation needed}} Wedes (pronounced WEE-dus) played the character from that point on, bringing him along with his move to Seattle where he became the KIRO News floor director.<!-- ref="multiple, file 5344" DNF --><ref></ref> He continues to make his living portraying J.P. at public events and private parties.<ref>J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International (1647). . <br>Bellevue Strawberry Festival June 25, 2005; Yakima Fruit Market October 15, 2005; <br>Seattle Aquarium October 29, 2005; . Retrieved 21 April 2006.</ref>, and by licensing J.P. Patches merchandise.<ref>Channel 9 Corporation (2005). . Retrieved 21 April 2006.</ref><ref>J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International (1647). . Retrieved 21 April 2006. 2006 appearances, inclusive.</ref> '''Chris Wedes''' took up the character in ] when ], the character's creator, left WTCN for ] channel 5 in ].{{tl|Citation needed}} Wedes (pronounced WEE-dus) played the character from that point on, bringing him along with his move to Seattle where he became the KIRO News floor director.<ref name=Stein_5344 /> He continues to make his living portraying J.P. at public events and private parties,<ref>
For example, second half 2005: Bellevue Strawberry Festival June 25, 2005; Yakima Fruit Market October 15, 2005; Seattle Aquarium October 29, 2005; . <br>
{{cite web
| last =J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International
| first =
| date = | year =1647 | month =
| url =http://www.jppatches.com/shows.htm
| title ="J.P.'s Appeareances"
| work=
| publisher =JPPatches
| accessdate =2006-04-21
}}
</ref> and by licensing J.P. Patches merchandise.<!-- Consolidated 2 references into 1 --><ref>
{{cite web
| last =JPPatches
| first =
| date = | year =2005 | month =
| url =http://www.jppatches.com/store.htm
| title ="J.P. Patches"
| work=Home > Pacific Northwest Shop > J.P. Patches
| publisher =Channel 9 Corporation
| accessdate =2006-04-21
}} <br>
{{cite web
| last =J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International
| first =
| date = | year =1647 | month =
| url =http://www.jppatches.com/jpnews.htm
| title ="Patches Pal News"
| work=2006 appearances, inclusive.
| publisher =JPPatches
| accessdate =2006-04-21
}}
</ref>


] ]
The primary conceit of the program was that J.P. was the "Mayor of the ]", and he lived in a shack at the dump, surrounded by his cast of stock characters: Sturdley the Bookworm, Esmerelda (actually a ] doll), Ketchikan the Animal Man, Boris S. Wort (the second meanest man in the world), Ggoorrsstt the Friendly Frpl, and J.P.'s girlfriend, ]. Virtually the entire supporting cast, male and female, human or non-human, was played by the versatile ].<!-- ref="multiple, file 5344" DNF --><ref></ref> The city dump was the actual Montlake ] (1926-66), 1972-present the ].<ref>Center for Urban Horticulture (n.d., 1999 per on page). (Union Bay Natural Area). Retrieved 21 April 2006.</ref> The primary conceit of the program was that J.P. was the "Mayor of the ]", and he lived in a shack at the dump, surrounded by his cast of stock characters: Sturdley the Bookworm, Esmerelda (actually a ] doll), Ketchikan the Animal Man, Boris S. Wort (the second meanest man in the world), Ggoorrsstt the Friendly Frpl, and J.P.'s girlfriend, ]. Virtually the entire supporting cast, male and female, human or non-human, was played by the versatile ].<ref name=Stein_5344 /> The city dump was the actual Montlake ] (1926-66), 1972-present athletic fields, car park, and the ] of the ] in the ].<ref>(1) Phelps, pp. 207&ndash;208. <br>(2) Center for Urban Horticulture</ref>


Fans were called "Patches Pals." ] was one of those kids. So was former Governor ], NW comedian John Keister, and ] anchor Kathi Goertzen.<ref>Paynter, Susan (17 February 2006). , ''Seattle Post-intelligencer''. Retrieved on 21 April 2006.</ref> J.P. would celebrate birthdays of selected Patches Pals by "viewing" them on his "ICU2TV" set (actually a cardboard prop that created the appearance that J.P. was looking at you from inside your television). He would predict with amazing accuracy where a gift might be hidden in the child's house.<!-- ref="multiple, file 5344" DNF --><ref></ref> Fans were called "Patches Pals." ] was one of those kids. So was former Governor ], NW comedian John Keister, and ] anchor Kathi Goertzen.<ref>Paynter</ref> J.P. would celebrate birthdays of selected Patches Pals by "viewing" them on his "ICU2TV" set (actually a cardboard prop that created the appearance that J.P. was looking at you from inside your television). He would predict with amazing accuracy where a gift might be hidden in the child's house.<ref name=Stein_5344 />


], creator of '']'', was a Patches Pal, having grown up in the ]. Along with ] clown ], J.P. was the partial inspiration for Groening's ].{{tl|Citation needed}} ], creator of '']'', was a Patches Pal, having grown up in the ]. Along with ] clown ], J.P. was the partial inspiration for Groening's ].{{tl|Citation needed}}


Prior to moving to Seattle, Wedes appeared on multiple programs at WTCN-TV in Minneapolis. Other than playing J.P., he most notably played Joe the Cook on that station's ''Lunch with Casey'' program.<!-- ref="multiple, file 5344" DNF --><ref></ref> Prior to moving to Seattle, Wedes appeared on multiple programs at WTCN-TV in Minneapolis. Other than playing J.P., he most notably played Joe the Cook on that station's ''Lunch with Casey'' program.<ref name=Stein_5344 />


Research: Character name search of the Internet Movie Database <br>"The character 'j. p. patches' (using whole word searching) has been played by: Nobody found with character name 'j. p. patches'".<ref>
== Further reading ==
{{cite web
See also ] for ]
| last =
*. <!-- Checked 21 April 2006. -->
| first =
*. <!-- Checked 21 April 2006. -->
| coauthors =
* <!-- Added 27 June 2006 -->
| date =
| year =
| month =
| url =http://www.imdb.com/Character?J.%20P.%20Patches
| title ="Character name search"
| work =
| publisher =Internet Movie Database
| accessdate =2006-04-21
}}
</ref> Two videos exist:
*{{cite video
| people =Towey, Joe, director; in association with KIRO Television
| year =1993
| title =J.P. Patches.
| medium =VHS
| location =Seattle
| publisher =City Dump Productions
| accessdate =2006-04-21
}} <br>Retrieved on ] 2006. <br>Other authors: Wedes, Chris; Towey, Joe; Newman, Bob. <br>Performers: Chris Wedes, Bob Newman. <br>B&W with color sequences, remaster of rescued original recordings c. 1960s&ndash;early 1970s.
*{{cite video
| people =Towey, Joe and Jones, Rich; directors; in association with KIRO Television
| year =1992
| title =The J.P. Patches Show.
| medium =VHS
| location =Seattle
| publisher =City Dump Productions
| accessdate =2006-04-21
}} <br>Retrieved on ] 2006. <br>Other authors: Towey, Joe; Jones, Rich; Wedes, Chris; Newman, Bob. <br>"Performer(s): Chris Wedes, Bob Newman & cast of thousands." Remaster of rescued original recordings c. 1970s.

Note that content dates and chronology are independent of convention.

== See also ==
]


== References == == References ==
Line 28: Line 104:


== Bibliography == == Bibliography ==
*{{cite web | last =Beck | first =Dave | coauthors = | date =2001-01-04, 10:00 am | year = | month = | url=http://www.kuow.org/defaultProgram.asp?ID=1089 | title =J.P. Patches and Gertrude | work =Weekday | publisher =KUOW-FM | accessdate =2006-06-27}} <br>Link to RealAudio archive of interview on local morning program on KUOW-FM 94.6, Seattle. <br>Host talks with local Seattle stars from the J.P. Patches Show, 54m 56s. <br>RealAudio link: "http://128.208.34.90/ramgen/archive/weekday/wkdy010104-b.rm?start='00:01:59.000'&end='00:56:05.048'"
* Center for Urban Horticulture (n.d., 1999 per on page). (Union Bay Natural Area). Retrieved 21 April 2006.
* {{cite web | last = | first =Center for Urban Horticulture | date =n.d., 1999 per on page | year= | month = | url =http://depts.washington.edu/ubna/history.htm | title ="HISTORY @ UBNA" | work =Union Bay Natural Area | publisher =Departments, University of Washington | accessdate =2006-04-21}}
* Channel 9 Corporation (2005). . Retrieved 21 April 2006.
* {{cite web | last = | first = | coauthors = | date = | year = | month = | url=http://www.imdb.com/Character?J.%20P.%20Patches | title ="Character name search" | work = | publisher =Internet Movie Database | accessdate =2006-04-21}}
* J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International (1647). . Retrieved 21 April 2006.
* J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International (1647). . Retrieved 21 April 2006. 2006 appearances, inclusive. * {{cite web | last =J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International | first = | date = | year =1647 | month = | url=http://www.jppatches.com/shows.htm | title ="J.P.'s Appeareances" | work= | publisher =JPPatches | accessdate =2006-04-21}}
* {{cite web | last =J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International | first = | date = | year =1647 | month = | url =http://www.jppatches.com/jpnews.htm | title ="Patches Pal News" | publisher =JPPatches | accessdate =2006-04-21}} <br>2006 appearances, inclusive.
* Paynter, Susan (17 February 2006). , ''Seattle Post-intelligencer''. Retrieved on 21 April 2006.
* {{cite book | last=Johnston | first=Bryan | authorlink= | coauthors=Wedes, Chris | editor=Hobson, Tom | title=J.P. Patches, Northwest icon | origdate= | origyear= | origmonth= | url= | accessdate= | accessyear= | accessmonth= | edition= | date= | year=2002 | month= | publisher=Peanut Butter Publishers | location=Seattle | id=ISBN 0-89716-799-6 | pages= | chapter= | chapterurl= }} <br>Chris Wedes holds the copyright, Bryan Johnston is the author.
* Stein, Alan J. (02 March 2003). , HistoryLink.org Essay 5344. Retrieved 21 April 2006. Stein referenced Jack Broom, “The J.P. Generation,” ''Pacific Magazine'', ''The Seattle Times'', 4 April 1993, pp. 6-11,14-17; <br>Bill Cartmel, “Hi Ya, Patches Pals,” ''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'', 11 April 1971, pp. 6-7; <br>Erik Lacitis, “Patches Understands &ndash; and Survivies,” ''The Seattle Times'', 23 February 1978, p. A15; <br>, ''The East Side Journal'', 31 May 1962, p. 3; Ibid. 14 May 1969, p. 19.
* {{cite web | last =JPPatches | first = | date = | year =2005 | month = |
* Wedes, Chris; Johnston, Bryan; & Hobson, Tom (ed.) (2002). ''J.P. Patches, Northwest icon''. Seattle: Peanut Butter Publishers. ISBN 0-89716-799-6.
url=http://www.jppatches.com/store.htm | title ="J.P. Patches" | work=Home > Pacific Northwest Shop > J.P. Patches | publisher =Channel 9 Corporation | accessdate =2006-04-21}}
* {{cite news | first =Susan | last =Paynter | author = | coauthors = | url=http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/paynter/259826_feb17paynter.html | title ="This clown truly deserves a statue" | work = | publisher =Seattle Post-intelligencer | pages = | page = | date =2006-02-17 | accessdate =2006-04-21}}
* {{cite book | last=Phelps | first=Myra L. | authorlink= | coauthors= | editor= | title=Public works in Seattle | origdate= | origyear= | origmonth= | url= | accessdate =2006-04-21 | accessyear= | accessmonth= | edition= | date= | year=1978 | month= | publisher=Seattle Engineering Department | location=Seattle | id=ISBN 0-960-1928-1-6 | pages= | chapter= | chapterurl= }}
* {{cite web | last =Stein | first =Alan J. | date =2003-03-02 | year = | month = | url=http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=5344 | title ="Patches, Julius Pierpont" | work =HistoryLink.org Essay 5344 | publisher = | accessdate =2006-04-21 }} <br>Stein referenced Jack Broom, “The J.P. Generation,” ''Pacific Magazine'', ''The Seattle Times'', 4 April 1993, pp. 6-11,14-17; <br>Bill Cartmel, “Hi Ya, Patches Pals,” ''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'', 11 April 1971, pp. 6-7; <br>Erik Lacitis, “Patches Understands &ndash; and Survivies,” ''The Seattle Times'', 23 February 1978, p. A15; <br>, ''The East Side Journal'', 31 May 1962, p. 3; Ibid. 14 May 1969, p. 19.
* {{cite web | last =stevenl | first = | date =2005-11-13 | year = | month = | url=http://www.olyblog.net/evergroove37 | title ="Evergroove Trivia pt. 37" | work = | publisher =OlyBlog | accessdate =2006-04-21}} <br>Source is nebulous. ] attribution is needed.


== Further reading ==
*{{cite web | last =Beck | first =Dave | coauthors = | date =2001-01-04, 10:00 am | year = | month = | url=http://www.kuow.org/defaultProgram.asp?ID=1089 | title =J.P. Patches and Gertrude | work =Weekday | publisher =KUOW-FM | accessdate =2006-06-27}}
* {{cite web | last = | first = | coauthors = | date = | year = | month = | url=http://www.jppatches.com | title ="J.P. Patches" | work =home page | publisher = | accessdate =2006-04-21}}


] ]

Revision as of 08:31, 28 June 2006

File:Jppatchesdoh.jpg
J.P. Patches

J.P. Patches is a clown who appeared on the Seattle television station KIRO channel 7 from 1958 to 1981, after appearing for a few years on Minneapolis station WTCN channel 11 starting in 1953. He was hugely popular among viewers in the Puget Sound area and southwestern British Columbia, not only with children, but with their parents, too, who enjoyed J.P.'s frequent use of double entendre. At a peak of its 22-year run, the Emmy-winning program had a viewership of over 100,000 in its local markets. When it was ended in 1981, the show was the longest-running, locally-produced children's program in the U.S. The show was live. With intense barrage from off-camera crew, the show was unrehearsed, masterful improv.

Chris Wedes took up the character in 1955 when Daryl Laub, the character's creator, left WTCN for KSTP channel 5 in St. Paul.{{Citation needed}} Wedes (pronounced WEE-dus) played the character from that point on, bringing him along with his move to Seattle where he became the KIRO News floor director. He continues to make his living portraying J.P. at public events and private parties, and by licensing J.P. Patches merchandise.

File:Jpgertrude.jpg
J.P. Patches and Gertrude

The primary conceit of the program was that J.P. was the "Mayor of the City Dump", and he lived in a shack at the dump, surrounded by his cast of stock characters: Sturdley the Bookworm, Esmerelda (actually a Raggedy Ann doll), Ketchikan the Animal Man, Boris S. Wort (the second meanest man in the world), Ggoorrsstt the Friendly Frpl, and J.P.'s girlfriend, Gertrude. Virtually the entire supporting cast, male and female, human or non-human, was played by the versatile Bob Newman. The city dump was the actual Montlake Landfill (1926-66), 1972-present athletic fields, car park, and the Union Bay Natural Area of the University of Washington in the University District.

Fans were called "Patches Pals." Bill Gates was one of those kids. So was former Governor Gary Locke, NW comedian John Keister, and KOMO-TV anchor Kathi Goertzen. J.P. would celebrate birthdays of selected Patches Pals by "viewing" them on his "ICU2TV" set (actually a cardboard prop that created the appearance that J.P. was looking at you from inside your television). He would predict with amazing accuracy where a gift might be hidden in the child's house.

Matt Groening, creator of The Simpsons, was a Patches Pal, having grown up in the Pacific Northwest. Along with Portland, Oregon clown Rusty Nails, J.P. was the partial inspiration for Groening's Krusty the Clown.{{Citation needed}}

Prior to moving to Seattle, Wedes appeared on multiple programs at WTCN-TV in Minneapolis. Other than playing J.P., he most notably played Joe the Cook on that station's Lunch with Casey program.

Research: Character name search of the Internet Movie Database
"The character 'j. p. patches' (using whole word searching) has been played by: Nobody found with character name 'j. p. patches'". Two videos exist:

  • Towey, Joe, director; in association with KIRO Television (1993). J.P. Patches. (VHS). Seattle: City Dump Productions. {{cite AV media}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
    Retrieved on 21 April 2006.
    Other authors: Wedes, Chris; Towey, Joe; Newman, Bob.
    Performers: Chris Wedes, Bob Newman.
    B&W with color sequences, remaster of rescued original recordings c. 1960s–early 1970s.
  • Towey, Joe and Jones, Rich; directors; in association with KIRO Television (1992). The J.P. Patches Show. (VHS). Seattle: City Dump Productions. {{cite AV media}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
    Retrieved on 21 April 2006.
    Other authors: Towey, Joe; Jones, Rich; Wedes, Chris; Newman, Bob.
    "Performer(s): Chris Wedes, Bob Newman & cast of thousands." Remaster of rescued original recordings c. 1970s.

Note that content dates and chronology are independent of convention.

See also

Union Bay Natural Area

References

  1. ^ Stein
  2. Beck
  3. (1) ""OlyBlog, Evergroove Trivia pt. 37"". OlyBlog.net. 2005-11-13. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: |first= missing |last= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
    Verifiable attribution is needed.
    (2) Wedes & Johnston; Hobson (ed.)
  4. For example, second half 2005: Bellevue Strawberry Festival June 25, 2005; Yakima Fruit Market October 15, 2005; Seattle Aquarium October 29, 2005; .
    J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International (1647 ). ""J.P.'s Appeareances" [sic]". JPPatches. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  5. JPPatches (2005). ""J.P. Patches"". Home > Pacific Northwest Shop > J.P. Patches. Channel 9 Corporation. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
    J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International (1647 ). ""Patches Pal News"". 2006 appearances, inclusive. JPPatches. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  6. (1) Phelps, pp. 207–208.
    (2) Center for Urban Horticulture
  7. Paynter
  8. ""Character name search"". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |coauthors= and |month= (help)

Bibliography

  • Beck, Dave (2001-01-04, 10:00 am). "J.P. Patches and Gertrude". Weekday. KUOW-FM. Retrieved 2006-06-27. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |coauthors= and |month= (help)
    Link to RealAudio archive of interview on local morning program on KUOW-FM 94.6, Seattle.
    Host talks with local Seattle stars from the J.P. Patches Show, 54m 56s.
    RealAudio link: "http://128.208.34.90/ramgen/archive/weekday/wkdy010104-b.rm?start='00:01:59.000'&end='00:56:05.048'"
  • ""HISTORY @ UBNA"". Union Bay Natural Area. Departments, University of Washington. n.d., 1999 per "Montlake Landfill Information Summary, January 1999" on page. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: |first= missing |last= (help); Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help); External link in |date= (help)
  • ""Character name search"". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |coauthors= and |month= (help)
  • J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International (1647 ). ""J.P.'s Appeareances" [sic]". JPPatches. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  • J.P. Patches.com.Co.Inc.Ltd.International (1647 ). ""Patches Pal News"". JPPatches. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
    2006 appearances, inclusive.
  • Johnston, Bryan (2002). Hobson, Tom (ed.). J.P. Patches, Northwest icon. Seattle: Peanut Butter Publishers. ISBN 0-89716-799-6. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |accessyear=, |origmonth=, |accessmonth=, |month=, |chapterurl=, and |origdate= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
    Chris Wedes holds the copyright, Bryan Johnston is the author.
  • JPPatches (2005). ""J.P. Patches"". Home > Pacific Northwest Shop > J.P. Patches. Channel 9 Corporation. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
  • Paynter, Susan (2006-02-17). ""This clown truly deserves a statue"". Seattle Post-intelligencer. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Phelps, Myra L. (1978). Public works in Seattle. Seattle: Seattle Engineering Department. ISBN 0-960-1928-1-6. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |accessyear=, |origmonth=, |accessmonth=, |month=, |chapterurl=, |origdate=, and |coauthors= (help)
  • Stein, Alan J. (2003-03-02). ""Patches, Julius Pierpont"". HistoryLink.org Essay 5344. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
    Stein referenced Jack Broom, “The J.P. Generation,” Pacific Magazine, The Seattle Times, 4 April 1993, pp. 6-11,14-17;
    Bill Cartmel, “Hi Ya, Patches Pals,” Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 11 April 1971, pp. 6-7;
    Erik Lacitis, “Patches Understands – and Survivies,” The Seattle Times, 23 February 1978, p. A15;
    , The East Side Journal, 31 May 1962, p. 3; Ibid. 14 May 1969, p. 19.
  • stevenl (2005-11-13). ""Evergroove Trivia pt. 37"". OlyBlog. Retrieved 2006-04-21. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
    Source is nebulous. Verifiable attribution is needed.

Further reading

Categories:
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