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Kimarite (決まり手 Kimari-te) are winning techniques in a sumo bout. For each bout in a Grand Sumo tournament (or 本場所 honbasho), a sumo referee, or gyoji, will decide and announce the type of kimarite used by the winner. It is possible (although rare) for the judges, or shimpan to modifiy this decison later. Records of the kimarite are kept and statistical information on the preferred techinques of different rikishi (or sumo wrestlers) can be deduced easily. For example the a pie chart of the kimarite used be each sekitori in the past year can be found on the Japan Sumo Association webpage for each individual rikishi.

Currently the Japan Sumo Association recognises eighty-two types of kimarite, but only about a dozen are used regularly. For example, Yorikiri, Oshidashi and Hatakikomi are frequent methods used by rikishi to win bouts.

The following is a full list of kimarite.

Kihonwaza 基本技

Basic techniques. These are some of the most common kimarite in sumo.

Abisetaoshi 浴せ倒し

Forcing down the opponent on their back by leaning forward while in a grappling position.

Oshidashi 押し出し

Pushing the opponent out of the ring without holding their mawashi. Hand contact is maintained through the push.

Oshitaoshi 押し倒し

Pushing the opponent down out of the ring (the opponent falls out of the ring instead of backing out) without holding their mawashi. Hand contact is maintained throughout the push.

Tsukidashi 突き出し

Thrusting the opponent backwards out of the ring with one or a series of hand thrusts. The attacker does not have to maintain hand contact.

Tsukitaoshi 突き倒し

Thrusting the opponent down out of the ring (the opponent falls over the edge) onto their back with a hard thrust or shove.

Yorikiri 寄り切り

Maintaining a grip on the opponent's mawashi, the opponent is forced backwards out of the ring.

Yoritaoshi 寄り倒し

Maintaining a grip on the opponents mawashi, the opponent is forced backwards out of the ring and collapses on their back from the force of the attack.

Nagete 投げ手

Throwing techniques.

Ipponzeoi 一本背負い

While moving backwards to the side, the opponent is pulled passed the attacker and out of the ring by grabbing and pulling their arm with both hands.

Kakenage 掛け投げ

Lifting the opponent's thigh with one's leg, while grasping the opponent with both arms, and then throwing the off-balance opponent to the ground.

Koshinage 腰投げ

Bending over and pulling the opponent over the attacker's hip, then throwing the opponent to the ground on their back.

Kotenage 小手投げ

The attacker wraps their arm around the opponent's extended arm (差し手), then throws the opponent to the ground without touching their mawashi. A common move.

Kubinage 首投げ

The attacker wraps the oppenent's head (or neck) in his arms, throwing him down. Essentially a headlock throw.

Nichonage 二丁投げ

Extending the right (left) leg around the outside of the opponent's right (left) knee thereby sweeping both of his legs off the surface and throwing him down.

Shitatedashinage 下手出し投げ

The attacker extends their arm under the opponent's arm to grab the opponent's mawashi while dragging the opponent forwards and/or to the side, throwing them to the ground.

Shitatenage 下手投げ

The attacker extends their arm under the opponent's arm to grab the opponent's mawashi and turns sideways, pulling the opponent down throwing them to the ground.

Sukuinage 掬い投げ

The attacker extends their arm under the opponent's armpit and across their back while turning sideways, forcing the opponent forward and throwing him to the ground without touching the mawashi.

Tsukaminage つかみ投げ

The attacker grabs the opponent's mawashi and lifts his body off the surface, pulling them into the air past the attacker and throwing them down.

Uwatedashinage 上手出し投げ

The attacker extends their arm over the opponent's arm/back to grab the opponent's mawashi while pulling them forewards to the ground.

Uwatenage 上手投げ

The attacker extends their arm over the opponent's arm to grab the opponent's mawashi and throws the opponent to the ground while turning sideways.

Yaguranage 櫓投げ

With both wrestlers grasping each other's mawashi, pushing one's leg up under the oppenent's groin, lifting them off the surface and then throwing them down on their side.

Kakete 掛け手

Leg tripping techniques.

Ashitori 足取り

Grabbing the opponents leg and pulling upward with both hands, causing the opponent to fall over.

Chongake ちょん掛け

Hooking a heel under the opponent's opposite heel and forcing them to fall over backwards by pushing or twisting their arm.

Kawazugake 河津掛け

Wrapping one's leg around the oppenent's leg of the opposite side, and tripping him backwards while grasping onto his upper body.

Kekaeshi 蹴返し

Kicking the inside of the opponent's foot. This is usually accompanied by a quick pull that causes the opponent to lose balance and fall.

Ketaguri 蹴手繰り

Directly after tachi-ai, kicking the opponent's legs to the outside and thrusting or twisting him down to the dohyo.

Kirikaeshi 切り返し

The attacker places their leg behind the knee of the opponent, and while twisting the opponent sideways and backwards, sweeps them over the attacker's leg and throws them down.

Komatasukui 小股掬い

When an opponent responds to being thrown and puts his leg out forward to balance himself, grabbing the underside of the thigh and lifting it up, throwing the opponent down.

Kozumadori 小褄取り

Lifting the opponent's ankle from the front, causing them to fall.

Mitokorozeme 三所攻め

A triple attack. Wrapping one leg around the opponent's (inside leg trip), grabbing the other leg behind the thigh, and thrusting the head into the opponent's chest, the attacker pushes them up and off the surface, then throwing them down on their back.

Nimaigeri 二枚蹴り

Kicking an off-balance opponent on the outside of their standing leg's foot, then throwing him to the surface.

Omata 大股

When the opponent escapes from a komatsukui by extending the other foot, the attacker switches to lift the opponent's other off-balance foot and throws him down.

Sotogake 外掛け

Wrapping the calf around the opponent's calf from the outside and driving them over backwards.

Sotokomata 外小股

Directly after a nage or hikkake is avoided by the opponent, grabbing the opponent's thigh from the outside, lifting it, and throwing them down on their back.

Susoharai 裾払い

Directly after a nage or hikkake is avoided by the opponent, driving the knee under the opponent's thigh and pulling them down to the surface.

Susotori 裾取り

Directly after a nage is avoided by the opponent, grabbing the ankle of the opponent and pulling them down to the surface.

Tsumatori 褄取り

As the opponent is losing their balance to the front (or is moving forward), grabbing the leg and pulling it back, thereby ensuring the opponent falls to the surface.

Uchigake 内掛け

Wrapping the calf around the opponent's calf from the inside and forcing them down on their back.

Watashikomi 渡し込み

While against the ring of the surface, the attacker grabS the underside of the opponent's thigh or knee with one hand and pushes with the other arm, thereby forcing the opponent out or down.

Hinerite 捻り手

Twist down techniques.

Amiuchi 網打ち

A throw with both arms pulling on the opponent's arm, causing the opponent to fall over forward.

Gashohineri 合掌捻り

With both hands clasped around the opponent's back, the opponent is twisted over sideways. See Tokkurinage.

Harimanage 波離間投げ

Reaching over the opponents back and grabbing hold of their mawashi, the opponent is pulled over in front or beside the attacker.

Kainahineri 腕捻り

Wrapping both arms around the opponent's extended arm and forcing him down to the dohyo by way of one's shoulder. (Similar to the tottari, but the body is positioned differently)

Katasukashi 肩透かし

Wrapping two hands around opponent's arm, both grasping the opponent's shoulder and forcing him down.

Kotehineri 小手捻り

Twisting the opponent's arm down, causing a fall.

Kubihineri 首捻り

Twisting the opponent's neck down, causing a fall.

Makiotoshi 巻き落とし

Reacting quickly to an opponent's actions, twisting the opponent's off-balance body down to the dohyo.

Osakate 大逆手

Taking the opponent's arm extended over one's arm and twisting the arm downward, while grabbing the opponent's body and throwing it in the same direction as the arm.

Sabaori 鯖折り

Grabbing the opponent's mawashi while pulling out and down, forcing the opponent's knees to the dohyo.

Sakatottari 逆とったり

"Opposite Tottari" - To wrap one arm around the opponent's extended arm while grasping onto the opponent's wrist with the other hand, twisting and forcing the opponent down.

Shitatehineri 下手捻り

Extending the arm under the opponent's arm to grasp the mawashi, then pulling the mawashi down until the opponent falls or touches his knee to the dohyo.

Sotomuso 外無双

Using the left (right) hand to grab onto the outside of the opponent's right (left) knee and twisting the opponent over one's left (right) knee.

Tokkurinage 徳利投げ

Grasping the opponent's neck or head with both hands and twisting him down to the dohyo.

Tottari とったり

Wrapping both arms around the opponent's extended arm and forcing him forward down to the dohyo.

Tsukiotoshi 突き落とし

Twisting the opponent down to the dohyo by forcing the arms on the opponent's upper torso, off of his center of gravity.

Uchimuso 内無双

Using the left (right) hand to grab onto the outside of the opponent's left (right) knee and twisting the opponent down.

Uwatehineri 上手捻り

Extending the arm over the opponent's arm to grasp the mawashi, then pulling the mawashi down until the opponent falls or touches his knee to the dohyo.

Zubuneri ずぶねり

If the head is used to thrust an opponent down during a hineri, the move is considered a zubuhineri.

Sorite 反り手

Backwards body drop techniques.

Izori 居反り

Diving under the charge of the opponent, the attacker grabs behind one or both of the opponent's knees, or their mawashi and pulls them up and over backwards.

Kakezori 掛け反り

Putting one's head under the opponent's extended arm and body, and forcing the opponent backwards over one's legs.

Shumokuzori 撞木反り

In the same position as a Tasukizori, but the wrestler throws himself backwards, thus ensuring that his opponent lands first under him.

Sototasukizori 外たすき反り

With one arm around the opponents arm and one arm around the opponents leg, lifting the opponent and throwing him sideways and backwards.

Tasukizori たすき反り

With one arm around the opponents arm and one arm around the opponents leg, lifting the opponent perpendicular across the shoulders and throwing him down.

Tsutaezori 伝え反り

Shifting the extended opponent's arm around and twisting the opponent behind one's back and down to the dohyo.

Tokushuwaza 特殊技

Special techniques.

Hatakikomi 叩き込み

Slapping down the opponent's shoulder, back, or arm and forcing them to fall forwards touching the clay.

Hikiotoshi 引き落とし

Pulling on the opponent's shoulder, arm, or mawashi and forcing them to fall forwards touching the clay.

Hikkake 引っ掛け

While moving backwards to the side, the opponent is pulled passed the attacker and out of the ring by grabbing and pulling their arm with both hands.

Kiwamedashi 極め出し

Immobilizing the opponents arms and shoulders with one's arms and forcing him out of the dohyo.

Kiwametaoshi 極め倒し

Immobilizing the opponents arms and shoulders with one's arms and forcing him down.

Okuridashi 送り出し

To push an off-balance opponent out of the dohyo from behind.

Okurigake 送り掛け

To trip an opponent's ankle up from behind.

Okurihikiotoshi 送り引き落とし

To pull an opponent down from behind.

Okurinage 送り投げ

To throw an opponent from behind.

Okuritaoshi 送り倒し

To knock down an opponent from behind.

Okuritsuridashi 送り吊り出し

To pick up the opponent by his mawashi from behind and throw him out of the dohyo.

Okuritsuriotoshi 送り吊り落とし

To pick up the opponent by his mawashi from behind and throw him down on the dohyo.

Sokubiotoshi 素首落とし

Pushing the opponent's head down from the back of the neck.

Tsuridashi 吊り出し

While wrestlers face each other, to pick up the opponent by his mawashi and deliver him outside of the dohyo.

Tsuriotoshi 吊り落とし

While wrestlers face each other, to push the opponent down by his mawashi.

Ushiromotare 後ろもたれ

While the opponent is behind the wrestler, to back up and push him out of the dohyo.

Utchari うっちゃり

When near the edge of the dohyo, to bend oneself backwards and twist the opponent body until he steps out of the dohyo.

Waridashi 割り出し

To push one foot of the opponent out of the ring from the side, extending the arm across the opponent's body and using the leg to force him off balance.

Yobimodoshi 呼び戻し

Reacting to the opponent's reaction to the attacker's inside pull, the attacker pulls them off by grabbing around them around the waist, before throwing them down.

Inadvertent Loss

There are five ways in which a rikishi can win with out actually initiating a technique.

Fumidashi 踏み出し

Stepping outside the ring, accidentally, without any initiation from the attacker.

Isamiashi 勇み足

Stepping too far forward and placing a foot outside the ring in a forward-facing technique.

Koshikudake 腰砕け

Falling over backwards, usually during an attack, without the opponent initiating any technique.

Tsukihiza つきひざ

Stumbling or falling on one or both knees without the opponent initiating any technique.

Tsukite つき手

Stumbling or falling and touching the ground with one or both hands without the opponent initiating any technique.

External links

Kimarite information in English

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