Misplaced Pages

Portland International Airport: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editNext edit →Content deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 16:26, 7 January 2016 view source67.168.192.234 (talk) →Passenger← Previous edit Revision as of 22:58, 7 January 2016 view source 2602:306:3796:abd0:5088:4284:134:b6b (talk) ←Replaced content with 'chemistry iz for babiez!'Tags: possible vandalism blankingNext edit →
Line 1: Line 1:
chemistry iz for babiez!
{{About|the airport of ]|the airport of ]|Portland International Jetport|the ] use of the airport|Portland Air National Guard Base}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{Infobox airport
| name = Portland International Airport
| image = Portlandinternationalairportfromtheair.jpg
| image-width = 250
| image2 = File:PDX Airport diagram.pdf
| image2-width = 200
| caption2 = PDX airport diagram.
| IATA = PDX
| ICAO = KPDX
| FAA = PDX
| type = Public
| owner-oper = ]
| city-served = ]
| location = ]
| hub =
*]
*]
*]
*]
| elevation-f = 30
| elevation-m = 9
| coordinates = {{Coord|45|35|19|N|122|35|51|W| region:US-OR_type:airport_dim:5700 | display=inline,title}}
| website =
| latd = 45 | latm = 35 | lats = 19 | latNS = N
| longd = 122 | longm = 35 | longs = 51 | longEW = W
| coordinates_region = US-OR
| pushpin_map = USA Oregon
| pushpin_label = '''PDX'''
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of airport in Oregon
{{Location map|USA Portland|width=200|float=center
|caption=|mark=Airplane_silhouette.svg|marksize=10
|label=PDX|position=left
|lat_deg=45|lat_min=35|lat_sec=19|lat_dir=N
|lon_deg=122|lon_min=35|lon_sec=51|lon_dir=W
}} Location of the Airport in Portland
| r1-number = 3/21
| r1-length-f = 6,000
| r1-length-m = 1,829
| r1-surface = ]
| r2-number = 10L/28R
| r2-length-f = 9,825
| r2-length-m = 2,995
| r2-surface = Asphalt
| r3-number = 10R/28L
| r3-length-f = 11,000
| r3-length-m = 3,353
| r3-surface = Concrete
| stat-year =
| stat1-header = Passengers (2014)
| stat1-data = 15,916,512<ref name="POP2013">{{cite web |title=December 2013 Calendar Year Report|url=http://www.portofportland.com/SelfPost/A_2014121115653Dec2013webstats.pdf|publisher=]|date=December 2013|accessdate=January 21, 2014}}</ref>
| stat2-header = Aircraft operations (2014)
| stat2-data = 216,253<ref name="POP2013" />
| stat3-header = Based aircraft (2007)
| stat3-data = 92
| footnotes =
}}
'''Portland International Airport''' {{airport codes|PDX|KPDX|PDX}} is a joint civil-military airport and the largest airport in the U.S. state of ], accounting for 90 percent of passenger travel and more than 95 percent of air cargo of the state.<ref>{{cite book |author=Loy, William G.|title=Atlas of Oregon|year=2001|publisher=] Press|location=]|page=111|isbn=0-87114-102-7}}</ref> It is located within Portland's city limits just south of the ] in ], {{convert|6|mi|km|0|abbr=off|sp=us}} by air and {{convert|12|mi|km|0|abbr=on}} by highway northeast of ]. Portland International Airport is often referred to by its IATA airport code, PDX.

Portland International Airport has direct connections to major airport hubs throughout the ], and non-stop international flights to ], ], ], ], ], and the ]. The airport is a secondary hub for ], with ] as the primary hub for ]. The airport also serves as a maintenance facility for ]. Small regional carrier ] operates its Pacific Northwest hub at PDX. ] services are provided at PDX by ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Atlantic Aviation Acquires Flightcraft PDX and EUG|url=http://www.aviationpros.com/news/10375247/atlantic-aviation-acquires-flightcraft-pdx-and-eug|publisher=AviationPros|date=July 28, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2013}}</ref> The ] has a base located on the southwest portion of the airport property grounds, and is also the host unit of the ] (142 FW) and the ]. Local transportation includes the ], which takes passengers between PDX and Downtown Portland as well as farther west to ]. There is also ], which connects to southwestern ] (north from PDX) along with many suburbs of ] (south from PDX).

==Airport ratings==
===Travel+Leisure===
In 2013, a ] magazine readers' poll named PDX as the best US airport, based on its on-time record, dining, shopping, and mass transportation into the main parts of the city.<ref>{{cite news |title=America's Best Airports+|url=http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/americas-best-airports-2013|work=]|date=October 2013|accessdate=October 25, 2013}}</ref> In 2015 10 new restaurants were opened at PDX, making it a "foodie haven" according to travelers. PDX also got significant recognition for its unique carpet pattern, which was replaced throughout the entire airport with newer carpet that contains a similar design.

===Condé Nast Traveler===
In 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2010, PDX was identified as the top airport for business travelers in the United States by '']'' magazine.<ref>{{cite news |title=Portland International Airport No. 1|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/portland/stories/2008/09/22/daily7.html|newspaper=]|date=September 22, 2008|accessdate=February 11, 2013|quote=PDX received the top overall score, and the magazine noted the airport's green initiatives}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=PDX Lands Atop Conde Nast's Best Airport List|url=http://portland.bizjournals.com/portland/stories/2010/09/20/daily3.html|newspaper=]|date=September 20, 2010|accessdate=September 20, 2010|quote=Portland International Airport was chosen the best domestic airport by business travelers}}</ref> The Condé Nast ranking was based upon criteria including location and access, ease of connections, food, shops, amenities, comfort and design, and perceived safety and security; PDX received the top overall score, and the magazine noted the airport's ] initiatives, including the airport's use of solar panels for power, its connection to the ], and the recycling of its restaurants' used oil and grease.

===J. D. Power and Associates===
In 2008, a ] study contradicted the magazine's assessment, ranking the airport 19th in overall airport satisfaction out of 21 US airports with from 10 to 30 million passengers per year. It scored Portland International Airport as "average" in the categories of check-in/baggage check, security check, and baggage claims. It also scored at the bottom of several categories, including overall airport satisfaction, airport accessibility, terminal facilities and food and retail services.<ref>{{cite news |title=Study: Travelers Not Happy With PDX|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/portland/stories/2008/05/19/daily17.html|newspaper=]|date=May 19, 2008|accessdate=February 11, 2013}}</ref>

==Airport facilities==
===Bicycle resources===
A work station and assembly for repairing bicycles is located at the lower terminal roadway near the ] ] station. There is also a "Tool check-out" located at the Oregon Welcome Center.<ref>https://www2.portofportland.com/PDX/BicycleResources</ref><ref>http://www.portofportland.com/Notices/PDX_Bike_Assmbly_01_BLT.htm</ref>

===Mini-movie theater===
In the spring of 2016, an 800 square foot cinema space will be located at post-security and will be run by ]. The films will run for no longer than 15 minutes free of charge, and will showcase the works of ]-based filmmakers around the culture of the ].<ref>http://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/flights/todayinthesky/2015/12/30/pdx-movie-theater/78067904/</ref><ref>http://www.ktvz.com/news/mini-movie-theater-coming-to-portland-international-airport/37176910</ref><ref>http://www.bendbulletin.com/localstate/3863916-151/a-mini-movie-theater-is-coming-to-portland#</ref>

==Terminals==
There are two main passenger terminals that are located within the airport. These two terminals are connected beyond the security checkpoints by a walkway that was opened in August 2005.<ref>{{cite web |title=Parading PDX Employees Took Center Stage at Concourse Connector Grand Opening Event|url=http://www.flypdx.com/pdxaminer/Pdxaminer_curr.aspx?contentFile=Issue_2005_09/Content/page4.ascx|work=Pdxaminer|publisher=]|date=September 2005|accessdate=February 11, 2013}}</ref> The airport also offers many complementary services such as free ] wireless internet access, a children's play area, and postal services.

The airport has a shopping mall behind its ]s, with all shops and restaurants open every day. Because the state is one of the few in the nation with no sales tax, all stores offer tax-free shopping. The ] also requires all airport shops and restaurants to practice fair retail pricing—businesses are not allowed to charge more than at off-airport locations.<ref name="shopdinefly">{{cite web |title=PDX Shop Dine Fly|url=http://www.portofportland.com/Shops_Home.aspx|publisher=]|accessdate=February 11, 2013}}</ref> Stores include national stores and ]-based ones such as ], ], ], ], and ] among others.<ref name="shopdinefly"/> Food services also are a mix of national chains and local options.<ref name="shopdinefly"/>

Several local ]s are located within the pre-security concourse.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bakall|first1=Samantha|title=Pok Pok and Koi Fusion food carts open at Portland International Airport|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/dining/index.ssf/2014/10/pok_pok_and_koi_fusion_food_ca.html|accessdate=September 30, 2015|work=The Oregonian|date=October 10, 2014}}</ref>

===Concourses and terminals===
The two passenger terminals (South and North) at Portland International Airport contain five concourses (A, B, C, D, E). In addition, Portland International Airport handles many operations from a variety of different cargo transportation airlines.

The international section of Concourse D was renamed the Governor ] International Concourse to honor former ] ] ], who was also known as "Trader Vic" for launching international tourism and trade initiatives during his term as ] ].

] are currently the airport's largest passenger carriers.<ref name="iFly.com">{{cite web |title=Portland Airport (PDX) Terminal Map|url=http://www.ifly.com/portland-international-airport/terminal-map#mainTerminals|accessdate=February 11, 2013}}</ref>

;South Terminal
*Concourse A has 12 gates (A1–A12)
*Concourse B has 3 gates (B1–B3)
*Concourse C has 23 gates (C1–C23)
;North Terminal
*Concourse D has 15 gates (D1–D15)
*Concourse E has 7 gates (E1–E7)

There are a total of 75 gates located within the two passenger terminals.<ref name="iFly.com">{{cite web |title=Portland Airport (PDX) Terminal Map|url=http://www.ifly.com/portland-international-airport/terminal-map#mainTerminals|accessdate=February 11, 2013}}</ref>

===Future developments===
Starting by early 2017, ] will move all operations from concourses A, B and C to concourse E, while ], ], ] and ] will move all operations from concourse E to concourse C. ] will move all operations from concourse E to concourse D. After the airline operation moves are made, concourses A, B, and C will all be merged as one concourse, which will be called concourse C.

As a part of this plan, Concourse E will be extended by {{convert|210|feet|meters}}.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bell|first1=Jon|title=Port gives the go-ahead for $108M airport projects|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/portland/blog/real-estate-daily/2014/12/port-gives-the-go-ahead-for-108m-airport-projects.html|accessdate=5 April 2015|work=Portland Business Journal|date=December 11, 2014}}</ref> The $98 million project is expected to be complete by late 2017.<ref name=pdxnext>{{cite press release |last=Johnson |first=Steve |date=January 23, 2015 |title=PDXNext: Portland International Airport Improvements Planned |url=http://portofportland.com/Selfpost/A_2015130163815APDXNextFS6.pdf |location= |publisher=Port of Portland |agency= |access-date=2015-04-05}}</ref> As a whole, this plan is designed to balance the number of passengers throughout the south concourses (A, B and C) and the north concourses (D and E).

==Airlines and destinations==
'''Note:''' All international arrivals (except flights from cities with ]) are handled at the far end of Concourse D, regardless of their departure concourse.
===Passenger===
{{airport-dest-list|3rdcoltitle = Concourse
<!-- -->
| ] | '''Seasonal''': ] (resumes May 27, 2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aircanada.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=950|title=Air Canada Unveils Major Expansion to 12 U.S. Destinations|publisher=Air Canada|date=November 19, 2015|accessdate=November 19, 2015}}</ref> | E
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ] | E
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]<br>'''Seasonal''': ], ], ], ] | B, C, D
<!-- -->
| ]<br>{{nowrap|operated by ]}} | ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]<br>'''Seasonal''': ] (begins March 13, 2016), ] | A, B
<!-- -->
| ]<br>{{nowrap|operated by ]}} | ], ], ], ], ] (begins February 18, 2016), ], ] (begins February 18, 2016),<ref name="oregonlive.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/travel/index.ssf/2015/07/alaska_air_adds_pdx_flights_to.html|title=Alaska Airlines adds PDX flights to Kansas City, Twin Cities, Omaha|date=July 31, 2015|work=oregonlive.com}}</ref> ] (begins February 18, 2016),<ref name="oregonlive.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/travel/index.ssf/2015/07/alaska_air_adds_pdx_flights_to.html|title=Alaska Airlines adds PDX flights to Kansas City, Twin Cities, Omaha|date=July 31, 2015|work=oregonlive.com}}</ref> ] (begins February 18, 2016),<ref name="oregonlive.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/travel/index.ssf/2015/07/alaska_air_adds_pdx_flights_to.html|title=Alaska Airlines adds PDX flights to Kansas City, Twin Cities, Omaha|date=July 31, 2015|work=oregonlive.com}}</ref> ], ] (begins June 5, 2016), ], ], ]<br>'''Seasonal''': ] (begins March 13, 2016), ] | A, B
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ], ], ]<br>'''Seasonal''': ] | C, D
<!-- -->
| ] | '''Seasonal''': ] | D
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]<br>'''Seasonal''': ] (resumes May 13, 2016),<ref>http://airlineroute.net/2015/12/27/dl-pdxanc-may16/</ref> ], ] | D
<!-- -->
| ] | ] (ends May 31, 2016),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://airlineroute.net/2015/09/30/dl-laxpdx-jun16/|title=DELTA Moves Los Angeles – Portland OR to Mainline Service from June 2016|work=airlineroute.net}}</ref> ] | D
<!-- -->
| ] | ] (begins April 14, 2016),<ref>http://www.digitaljournal.com/pr/2794638</ref> ] (begins April 14, 2016),<ref>http://www.digitaljournal.com/pr/2794638</ref> ], ] (begins June 29, 2016)<ref>http://www.digitaljournal.com/pr/2794638</ref> | C
<!-- -->
| ] | ] | D
<!-- -->
| ] | '''Seasonal''': ] | D
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ]<br>'''Seasonal''': ], ] | C
<!-- -->
| ] | ] | E
<!-- -->
| ] | ] (begins March 1, 2016),<ref>http://www.seaportair.com/uploaded/CLM_MWH-3-FINAL.pdf</ref> ], ] | E
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] (begins June 5, 2016),<ref>http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/southwest-adds-flights-out-of-lambert-including-to-oakland-calif/article_8133bece-47fe-583d-9a8f-e3f216c2508b.html</ref><br>'''Seasonal''': ], ], ] | C, D
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ] (begins March 25, 2016)<ref>http://www.nasdaq.com/press-release/...expanded-service-in-20151112-00808</ref><br>'''Seasonal''': ], ] | D
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ], ], ], ], ] | D, E
<!-- -->
| ] | '''Seasonal''': ], ] | E
<!-- -->
| ] | ] | D
<!-- -->
| ] | ] | D
<!-- -->
}}

===Cargo===
{{Airport-dest-list
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ]
<!-- -->
| {{nowrap|]}} | ], ]
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]
<!-- -->
| ]<br>{{nowrap|operated by ]}} | ], ]
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ], ], ], ], ], ]
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]
<!-- -->
| ] | ]
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ]
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]
<!-- -->
| ] | ], ], ]
<!-- -->
}}

==Statistics==
===Top destinations===
]
]
]

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%"
|+ '''Busiest domestic routes from PDX (Oct 2014 – Sep 2015)'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Portland, OR: Portland International (PDX)|url=http://www.transtats.bts.gov/airports.asp?pn=1&Airport=PDX|publisher=]|accessdate=Aug 2015}}
</ref>
|-
! Rank
! City
! Passengers
! Top carriers
|-
| 1
| ]
| 642,000
| Alaska, Delta, Horizon
|-
| 2
| ]
| 512,000
| Alaska, United, Virgin America
|-
| 3
| ]
| 477,000
| Alaska, Delta, Southwest<!-- DO NOT ADD SPIRIT AIRLINES UNTIL STATISTICS INCLUDES MARCH 2016. -->
|-
| 4
| ]
| 474,000
| Frontier, Southwest, United
|-
| 5
| ]
| 450,000
| Alaska, Southwest, US Airways<!-- DO NOT REMOVE US AIRWAYS UNTIL STATISTICS NO LONGER COVER OCTOBER 2015. DO NOT ADD AMERICAN UNTIL STATISTICS INCLUDES OCTOBER 2015. -->
|-
| 6
| ]
| 361,000
| Alaska, Southwest, Spirit
|-
| 7
| ]
| 343,000
| Alaska, American, Spirit, United
|-
| 8
| ]
| 315,000
| Alaska, Delta
|-
| 9
| ]
| 286,000
| Alaska, Southwest
|-
| 10
| ]
| 273,000
| Horizon, Southwest
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%" width=align=
|+ '''Busiest international routes from PDX (Jan. 2014 – Dec. 2014)<ref name="internationalreport">{{cite web|title=U.S. International Air Passenger and Freight Statistics Report|url=http://www.dot.gov/policy/aviation-policy/us-international-air-passenger-and-freight-statistics-report|publisher=]|year=2011|accessdate=December 3, 2012}}</ref>'''
'''
|-
! Rank
! City
! Passengers
! Carriers
|-
| 1
| ]
| align="right" | 197,349
| Air Canada, Alaska
|-
| 2
| ]
| align="right" | 143,151
| Delta
|-
| 3
| ]
| align="right" | 109,374
| Delta
|-
| 4
| ]
| align="right" | 23,911
| Air Canada
|-
| 5
| ]
| align="right" | 7,527
| Alaska
|-
| 6
| ]
| align="right" | 7,281
| Volaris
|-
| 7
| ]
| align="right" | 6,107
| Alaska
|}

;Airline market share
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%"
|+ '''Largest Airlines at PDX<br><small>(Sep. 2014 – Aug. 2015)'''</small><ref>{{cite web |title=Portland, OR: Portland International (PDX)|url=http://www.transtats.bts.gov/airports.asp?pn=1&Airport=PDX|publisher=]|accessdate=Aug 2015}}
</ref>
|-
!Rank
!Airline
!Passengers
!Share
|-
|1
|]
|3,551,000
|22.63%
|-
|2
|]
|2,892,000
|18.43%
|-
|3
|]
|2,801,000
|17.85%
|-
|4
|]
|1,704,000
|10.86%
|-
|5
|]
|1,592,000
|10.15%
|}

===Annual traffic===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%"
|+ '''Annual passenger traffic (enplaned + deplaned) at PDX, 1999 through 2014<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.portofportland.com/Aviation_Stat.aspx|date=September 7, 2011|title=Port of Portland – Aviation Statistics|publisher=Port of Portland}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.portofportland.com/Aviation_Stat_Arch.aspx|date=May 30, 2013|title=Port of Portland – Port Business|publisher=Port of Portland}}</ref><ref name="201212 stats">{{cite web |title=Portland International Airport Monthly Traffic Report|url=http://www.portofportland.com/SelfPost/A_201312385754Dec2012webstats.pdf|publisher=]|date=January 23, 2013|accessdate=October 25, 2013}}</ref>
! Year
! Passengers
! Year
! Passengers
! Year
! Passengers
|-
| ||||2010||13,192,857||2000||13,790,115
|-
| ||||2009||12,929,675||1999||13,721,684
|-
| ||||2008||14,299,234||||
|-
| ||||2007||14,654,222||||
|-
| ||||2006||14,043,489||||
|-
| ||||2005||13,879,701||||
|-
| 2014||15,916,512||2004||13,038,057||||
|-
| 2013||15,029,569||2003||12,396,068||||
|-
| 2012||14,390,750||2002||12,241,975||||
|-
| 2011||13,675,924||2001||12,703,676||||
|}

==Public transportation==
] light-rail train passing cargo buildings at PDX]]
Public transit service to the airport is provided by ], the metropolitan area's primary transit agency, with its ] ] service. The 1986-opened ] system was extended to the airport in 2001,<ref name="pbj-2001sep">{{cite news | title = MAX trains begin airport service | newspaper = ] | date = September 10, 2001 | url = http://portland.bizjournals.com/portland/stories/2001/09/10/daily3.html | accessdate = November 1, 2015}}</ref> and originally provided service as far as ] only, but in 2003 was extended beyond downtown, to ].<ref name=oreg-2003aug27>Leeson, Fred (August 27, 2003). "MAX fares increase, direct service from Beaverton to PDX starts". ''The Oregonian'', p. D2.</ref> The light rail ] is located only about {{convert|150|ft|m|abbr=on|sigfig=1}} from the airport's baggage claim area.<ref name="pbj-2001sep"/> Prior to 2001, TriMet service to the airport consisted of bus route 72-82nd Avenue from 1970<ref name=oreg-1970oct23>{{cite news|title=Tri-Met Expands Bus Service, Including Trips To Airport|newspaper=The Oregonian|date=October 23, 1970|page=25}}</ref> to 1986, and route 12-Sandy Blvd. from 1986<ref name=oreg1986sep4-changes>{{cite news|title=Changes set in schedules, bus routes|newspaper=The Oregonian|date=September 4, 1986|page=ME8}}</ref> to 2001.<ref name=oreg-2001aug31-trimet>{{cite news|last1=Stewart|first1=Bill|title=Most Tri-Met fares rise Saturday, while route switches start Sept. 9|work=The Oregonian|date=August 31, 2001|page=B1}}</ref>

==History==
Portland's first airport was on ],<ref name="swanisl1935">{{cite web |title=Swan Island Airport, 1935|author=City of Portland Archives|url=http://vintageportland.wordpress.com/2012/02/01/swan-island-airport-1935/|work=Vintage Portland|date=February 1, 2012|accessdate=November 4, 2012|quote=Portland's main airport on Swan Island was only open a few years before it became obvious that the site offered little expansion room. The year after this 1935 photo, land was purchased along the Columbia River for a new airport.}}</ref> northwest of ] on the ]. The ] purchased {{convert|256|acre}} and construction began in 1926. ] flew in and dedicated the new airfield in 1927.

By 1935 it was becoming apparent to the ] that the airport was becoming obsolete.<ref name="swanisl1935"/> The small airfield couldn't easily be expanded, nor could it accommodate the larger aircraft and passenger loads expected to become common to Portland. Plans immediately were conceived to relocate the outdated airfield to a larger site. The ] is now used by the ] for ]s,<ref>{{cite web |title=Airport History|first1=Hien|last1=Bui|first2=Michelle|last2=Kain|url=http://www.ccrh.org/comm/slough/airport1.htm|publisher=Center for Columbia River History|date=February 14, 2011|accessdate=October 21, 2006}}</ref>

===Construction and early operations===

The present PDX site was purchased by the Portland City Council in 1936. It was {{convert|700|acre}} bordered by the ] in the north and the ] in the south. The city council issued US$300,000 and asked the ] to sponsor a US$1.3 million ] (WPA) grant to develop the site into a "super airport". The project provided badly needed ]-era jobs and was completed in 1940.<ref>{{cite web |title=Subtopic : Oregon in Depression and War, 1925–1945: The Most Visible of Relief Agencies|first=William|last=Robbins G.|url=http://www.ohs.org/education/oregonhistory/narratives/subtopic.cfm?subtopic_ID=106|work=The Oregon History Project|publisher=Oregon Historical Society|year=2002|accessdate=August 29, 2008}}</ref> The airport was designated Portland-Columbia Airport to distinguish it from then-operating Swan Island Airport. During ], the airfield was used by the ].

The "super airport" had a terminal on the north side, off Marine Drive, and five runways (NE-SW, NW-SE, and an E-W runway forming an ]). This configuration was adequate until a new terminal and a longer, {{convert|8800|ft|adj=on}} east-west runway were constructed in 1952. View airport diagrams: and

In 1948 the entire airport grounds were flooded during the ], forcing scheduled airline services to reroute to nearby ]. The grounds were under water for several months.

===New terminal (1950s)===
]
A new terminal opened in 1959, which for the most part serves as the present facility.<ref name="timeline"/> The new terminal is located to the east of the original runways, and north of the then-new {{convert|8,800|ft|m|abbr=on}} runway. Construction of a second east-west runway to the north made this a midfield terminal. At this point, all but the NE-SW (3/21) runway in the original "X" were abandoned and turned into taxiways. 3/21 was extended for use as a cross-wind runway. "International" was added to the airport's official designation after the 1950s-era improvements.

Plans made in 1968 to add a third runway by means of filling in parts of the ] were met with vocal public opposition and scrapped. The airport switched from screening passengers at individual gates to screening all visitors at concourse entrances in 1973 as new FAA regulations went into effect.<ref>{{cite news|title=Portland Airport's Security Screening Procedures to Shift|newspaper=]|location=Portland|date=January 4, 1973|page=24}}</ref> In 1974 the south runway was extended to {{convert|11000|ft}} to service the newest jumbo jets. The terminal building was renovated and expanded in 1977.<ref name="timeline"/>

By the 1980s, the terminal building began an extensive renovation in order to update PDX to meet future needs. The ticketing and baggage claim areas were renovated and expanded, and a new Concourse D for ] was added in 1986.<ref>{{cite news |title=Airport Construction|first=Judy|last=Rooks|newspaper=]|location=Portland|date=May 27, 1986}}</ref> Concourse E was first to be reconstructed in 1992, and featured PDX's first moving sidewalks.<ref name="timeline">{{cite news |title=Portland International Airport Timeline|url=http://djcoregon.com/news/2003/06/30/portland-international-airport-timeline/|newspaper=]|location=Portland|date=June 30, 2003|accessdate=June 27, 2012}}</ref> The Oregon Marketplace, a small shopping mall, was added in the former waiting areas behind the ticket counters.

The early 1990s saw a food court and extension added to Concourse C, and the opening of the new Concourse D in 1994.<ref name="timeline"/> This marked the first concessions inside secured areas, allowing passengers to purchase items without having to be re-screened.

An expanded parking garage, new control tower, and canopy over the curbside were finished in the late 1990s. Although hailed by architectural critics, the canopy blocked views of ] from the curbside. On July 31, 1997, during construction, the garage addition collapsed due to inadequate bolts holding girders together and inadequate securing of structural members, killing three steelworkers.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.nwlaborpress.org/2002/4-19-02OSHA.html | title = OR-OSHA reaches $1 million settlement on 1997 airport garage collapse | publisher = NW Labor Press | accessdate=August 27, 2013}}</ref>

The present H-shape of the PDX terminal, designed by ],<ref>{{cite web |title=Portland International Airport|first=Sheri|last=Olson|url=http://archrecord.construction.com/projects/bts/archives/transportation/portland/overview.asp|work=Architectural Record|publisher=]|date=January 1, 2002|accessdate=February 11, 2013}}</ref> was completed on September 10, 2001 when the new A, B and C concourses, as well as the light rail line, were finished. Probably the most stunning portion of PDX's interior, the new concourses reflect a Northwest theme, focusing heavily on the nearby ]. A huge celebration was to be held the following weekend, ]. The new concourses, designed to be public spaces, were closed to non-passengers.

In August 2005, the concourse connector was opened.<ref>{{cite web |title=Portland International Airport—Connecting People, Places and Now Concourses with New Concourse Connector|url=http://www.portofportland.com/pdxaminer/pdxaminer_curr.aspx?contentFile=/Issue_2005_08/Content/Page1.ascx|work=pdxaminer|date=August 2005|accessdate=February 11, 2013}}</ref> This is a long hallway on the secure side of the airport that connects the A, B and C concourses to the D and E concourses on the other side of the airport. If there is a long line at the checkpoint at one end of the airport, passengers may use the other checkpoint and walk through the connector to their desired concourse.<ref>{{cite news |title=Holiday Travel Tips to Survive PDX|first=Jack|last=Penning|url=http://www.beloblog.com/KGW_Blogs/travel/archives/2005/12/|work=]|date=December 20, 2005|accessdate=February 11, 2013|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110804192355/http://www.beloblog.com/KGW_Blogs/travel/archives/2005/12/|archivedate=August 4, 2011|deadurl=yes}}</ref>

===Domestic service===
]
The April 1957 OAG shows 38 United departures a day, 10 West Coast, 8 Northwest and 6 Western. Alaska had four a week and Pacific Northern had three; Pan Am and Northwest both flew SEA-PDX-HNL and back, Pan Am with 5 DC-7C round trips a week and Northwest with four DC-6Bs. Portland's first jets were Pan Am 707-321s about October 1959.

In 1966 PDX had nonstop flights to SLC, DEN, ORD and no other cities farther east than Boise; in 1977 nonstops reached LAS-PHX-DEN-DFW-ORD and no others east of Boise. In 1967 United started PDX's first transcon nonstop, to JFK; it ended in 1973.

By 1974, the airport was served by Braniff, Cascade, Continental, Eastern, Hughes Airwest, Northwest Orient, Pan Am, United and Western, and the Seattle route was served by seven airlines with aircraft as large as ]s.<ref>{{cite web|title=Airlines and Aircraft Serving Portland, Oregon Effective April 1, 1974|url=http://www.departedflights.com/PDX74intro.html|publisher=departedflights.com|accessdate=8 September 2015}}</ref>

] started short-haul service from Portland following deregulation in 1978, and by 1979 had routes to seven other cities in Oregon.<ref>{{cite web|title=Airlines and Aircraft Serving Portland, Oregon Effective November 15, 1979|url=http://www.departedflights.com/PDX79intro.html|publisher=departedflights.com|accessdate=8 September 2015}}</ref>

In the 1980s ] had nonstop flights to Seattle, Reno and the Bay Area; PSA (]) had nonstops to San Francisco and one or two to Reno and Sacramento. In 2010 Northwest's former Honolulu service was eliminated by Delta altogether. In 2015, Delta resumed it's seasonal service to Honolulu.

United was the dominant carrier at PDX during the regulated era and through the 1980s.<ref name="vinay">{{cite web|last1=Bhaskara|first1=Vinay|title=A Detailed Look at Delta Air Lines History in Portland – Guest Blog|url=http://www.airlinereporter.com/2011/10/a-detailed-look-at-delta-air-lines-history-in-portland-guest-blog/|publisher=Airline Reporter|accessdate=8 September 2015}}</ref>

===International service===
The first international nonstop was Western's 720B to ] in 1967.

], then the dominant carrier at PDX, used ] as a once-weekly stop for its ]-] service from 1983 to 1987. The flight stopped in ] six days a week and in ] once a week. After ] acquired ]' ] routes in 1986, they were able to use ]' ] aircraft to eliminate the West Coast stop.<ref name="vinay" />

As ] made plans to end Tokyo service from Portland, ] applied to begin Atlanta-Tokyo service via ] using ] aircraft. Like ], ] lacked aircraft that could fly to ] nonstop from the eastern ]; ] also lacked a West Coast hub at the time, and saw ] as favorable international and domestic hub over ], which was dominated by ]. After beginning ] service in 1986, ] added a flight to ] in 1988, coinciding with the ]; the ] flight was later extended to ], ], ], and ]. By 1994, ] had introduced ] aircraft, and added another transpacific flight to ] and domestic flights to ], ], ] and other destinations. ]' hub had peaked in 1998, with additional service to ] and ].<ref name="vinay" />

The ] hurt ]'s operation, and international travel decreased even further due to complaints about treatment at the immigration facility in ], leading it to be nicknamed "DePortland".<ref>{{cite news |title=Besmirched 'Deportland' Wrestles With the I.N.S.|first=Sam|last=Howe-Verhovek|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2000/08/31/us/besmirched-deportland-wrestles-with-the-ins.html|newspaper=]|date=August 31, 2000|accessdate=January 1, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=INS/PDX Problems|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/special/current/ins.ssf|newspaper=The Oregonian|date=December 2000|accessdate=January 1, 2007}}</ref> The combination of these factors caused ] to discontinue what was then the last direct flight from ] to ] and from ] to ] in March 2001.<ref>{{cite news |title=Delta Cuts Portland Service|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/portland/stories/2000/09/04/daily16.html|newspaper=]|date=September 4, 2000|accessdate=October 21, 2006}}</ref> This change brought local media scrutiny. This then combined with the resulting congressional pressure, caused the officials in charge of the immigration facility to address the problems.

Meanwhile, local travel businesses had begun recruiting other carriers. ] started direct flights to ], ] in 2003,<ref>{{cite news |title=Lufthansa to Add Portland Service|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/portland/stories/2002/10/21/daily35.html|newspaper=]|date=October 21, 2002|accessdate=October 21, 2006}}</ref> but suspended the route in 2009 citing lack of profitability.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lufthansa Will End Portland-Frankfurt Flight|first=Richard|last=Read|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/business/index.ssf/2009/07/lufthansa_to_end_portlandfrank.html|newspaper=]|location=Portland|date=July 6, 2009|accessdate=July 6, 2009}}</ref> ] introduced non-stop flights to ] (] on June 10, 2004, reviving a route terminated by Delta.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Northwest To Fly Portland – Tokyo Nonstop|url=http://www.odysseymediagroup.com/apn/Editorial-Airlines-And-Airports.asp?reportid=73738|publisher=]|date=January 7, 2004|accessdate=October 21, 2006}}</ref> ] also introduced service to ] and ]; after 5 years of service, ] withdrew in 2008 due to high fuel prices and change in demand.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mexicana Airlines Adds Service From PDX to Mexico|first=Dan|last=McMillan|url=http://portland.bizjournals.com/portland/stories/2003/03/17/story7.html|newspaper=]|date=March 17, 2003|accessdate=October 21, 2006}}</ref>

] added nonstop service to ] in 2008, which was at one time planned to continue to ]. The service was reduced that year to a Northwest-operated Delta-flown 767-300, and occasionally a Northwest-operated Delta-flown 767-400.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Northwest Announces Expansion of Its Global Route System with the Addition of Nonstop Portland-Amsterdam Service|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20071009006366/en/Northwest-Announces-Expansion-Global-Route-System-Addition|publisher=Northwest Airlines|date=October 9, 2007|accessdate=October 13, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Northwest Airlines Plans Nonstop Flights to Amsterdam|first=Michael|last=Walden|url=http://blog.oregonlive.com/breakingnews/2007/10/northwest_airlines_plans_nonst.html|newspaper=]|location=Portland|date=October 8, 2007|accessdate=October 8, 2007}}</ref> The service has since been fluctuating between 767-300s, 767-400s and A330-300s depending on the season. ] operated seasonal service to ] from 2010 to 2012 but was then resumed on May 2016.<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/air-canada-unveils-major-expansion-120100722.html</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Air Canada to Launch Direct Service From PDX to Toronto|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/business/index.ssf/2010/01/air_canada_to_launch_direct_se.html|newspaper=]|location=Portland|date=January 27, 2010|accessdate=May 2, 2010}}</ref> Since 2014, three more foreign carriers have begun service at PDX: ] with service to ], ] with seasonal service to ], and ] with seasonal service to ].

Following its acquisition of Northwest, ] has maintained Northwest's nonstop flights to ] and ]. The latter required a direct transfer of $3.5 million to ] by the ] to subsidize the route<!-- see the text: They ] voted to steer $3.5 million to ], with the airline promising to keep flying from ] to ] and back through the difficult winter and spring of 2009-10. -->.<ref>{{cite news |title=Keeping the Routes Open|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/opinion/index.ssf/2010/06/keeping_the_routes_open.html|newspaper=]|location=Portland|date=June 18, 2010|accessdate=June 18, 2010}}</ref>

==Airport expansions and renovations==
]
]

Although plans have been studied to replace or relieve PDX traffic, planners prefer expansion. ]'s ] (SLE) and the Port of Portland's ] (HIO) in Washington County have been suggested as future relievers. Between 1993 and 2007, Salem's airport had no scheduled airline flights. With resumption of commercial flights on June 7, 2007, the airport has planned terminal improvements using a preconstructed modular building.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Delta Goes West With New Services From Its Growing Salt Lake City Hub|url=http://news.delta.com/index.php?s=43&item=602|publisher=]|date=February 26, 2007|accessdate=February 11, 2013}}</ref> However, these flights have since been canceled.<ref>{{cite news |title=Delta Goes Up, Up and Away|first=Thelma|last=Guerrero-Huston|url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/statesmanjournal/access/1696327021.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Oct+10%2C+2008&author=&pub=Statesman+Journal&edition=&startpage=A.1&desc=Delta+goes+up%2C+up+and+away|newspaper=]|date=October 10, 2008|accessdate=October 11, 2008|page=A1}}</ref>

Portland International Airport's south runway reopened in October 2011 after being rebuilt over the 2011 summer. The South Runway Reconstruction Project was the final phase of a three-year tarmac improvement program. The first two years focused on the north runway, with a rehabilitation of the surface and an extension to each end so it could replace the south runway during rebuilding.

The project was completed on time and under budget. As the Portland airport's longest, the south runway had seen routine maintenance and rehabilitation over the years, and the wear and tear of aircraft landings had deteriorated the pavement joints and subsurface base. The project team chose to rebuild it; pavement materials were evaluated and an all-concrete surface was chosen. With a pavement design life of 40 years, construction-related aircraft noise impacts on neighborhoods will be lessened in the future.
The new concrete is {{convert|19|in|mm}} thick and used an estimated {{convert|180,000|sqyd|m2}} of materials—enough to pave a two-lane road for about {{convert|26|mi|km}}. The old asphalt runway, which was excavated in spring 2011, was completely recycled.<ref>
{{cite web |title=Port of Portland North Runway Extension site|url=http://www.portofportland.com/Prj_PDX_SR_Rhbltn_Home.aspx|publisher=]|accessdate=October 27, 2011}}</ref>

The ], installed in 1987, was designed to stylize the criss-crossing north and south runways. Beginning in 2014, a new design replaced the original pattern. In response, many residents created products to celebrate the carpet as a local icon.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Barney|first1=Alicia|title=In Portland, It’s Curtains for an Airport Carpet|url=http://intransit.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/12/16/in-portland-its-curtains-for-an-airport-carpet/?_r=0|accessdate=31 December 2014|work=The New York Times|date=December 16, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Johnson|first1=Cari|title=A Brief History of the PDX Airport Carpet|url=http://www.portlandmonthlymag.com/travel-and-outdoors/tripster/articles/a-brief-history-of-the-pdx-carpet-december-2013|accessdate=31 December 2014|work=Portland Monthly|date=December 20, 2013}}</ref>

Along with the carpet replacement, the Port of Portland plans to renovate the security checkpoints and immigration facilities as part of its PDXNext project. These changes are budgeted at $57 million and $940,000, respectively, and are expected to be complete by August 2016.<ref name=pdxnext />

==Accidents and incidents==

*On March 26, 1955, ] was en route to ] in ]. Approximately {{convert|35|mi|km}} off the ], the number 3 engine and propeller tore loose from the wing, resulting in a loss of control. The aircraft was ditched and soon sank. Approximately two hours after the aircraft ditched, the ] ] ] arrived on the scene and rescued the 19 survivors. Four people died.

*On October 1, 1966, ] crashed in an desolate section of the ] during descent into Portland International Airport. Of the 18 passengers and crew, there were no survivors. The probable cause of the accident was "the descent of the aircraft below its clearance limit and below that of surrounding obstructing terrain, but the Board was unable to determine the cause of such descent." The accident was the first loss of a ].

*On November 24, 1971, a still unidentified man commonly known as ] hijacked Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 305, a ] flying from Portland International Airport to ]. Claiming he had a bomb, he demanded $200,000, four parachutes, and refueling once the aircraft arrived at ]. Law enforcement rushed to meet his demands, and the plane took off again, this time with only members of the crew on board, headed toward ], ]. About forty minutes into the flight, Cooper jumped from the aft stair, parachuting to an unknown fate. An extensive search—arguably the most intensive in the ] history—uncovered no significant material evidence related to the hijacking. Despite an ongoing FBI investigation, the perpetrator has never been located or positively identified. The case remains the only unsolved air piracy in American aviation history.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.strangehistory.org/cms/index.php/popular/78-hijacking-of-flight-305-by-d-b-cooper-case-closed-feature
| title = Hijacking of Flight 305 by D.B. Cooper:
| publisher = strangehistory.org
| author = Gary S. Smith
| date = December 6, 2011
| accessdate = November 1, 2015
}}</ref>

*On December 28, 1978, ] was en route to Portland International Airport from ] in ], ]. On approach to Portland International Airport, the crew lowered the landing gear which caused a loud thump, abnormal vibration, unusual yaw, and the landing gear indicator lights failed to light. The plane circled Portland while the crew investigated the problem. After about an hour, the plane exhausted its fuel supply and crashed into the suburban neighborhood of East Burnside and 158th. Of the 189 passengers and crew on board, ten died and twenty four more were injured. An investigation revealed that the crash was caused by "the failure of the captain to properly monitor the aircraft's fuel state". This accident's investigation led to substantially improved aviation safety by widespread adoption of ] which emphasizes crew teamwork and communication instead of a command hierarchy.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.popularmechanics.com/flight/g73/10-airplane-crashes-that-changed-aviation/
| title = 10 Plane Crashes That Changed Aviation
| author = David Noland
| date = August 28, 2007
| accessdate = November 1, 2015
}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:America West A319.jpeg| America West Airbus A319 at PDX
File:Arizona One at PDX.jpg| Southwest Airlines ''Arizona One'' aircraft at PDX
File:Lockheed C-5 Galaxy taxiing at PDX.JPG| ] from the ], taxiing for takeoff at PDX
File:Alaska airlines first two special planes together at PDX.JPG| Alaska Airlines ".com" and "Disney" aircraft at PDX
</gallery>

==See also==
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]

{{Commons category|Portland International Airport}}

{{Portal bar|Aviation|Oregon}}
{{Portal bar|Military of the United States|United States Air Force|World War II}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*
*
* {{FAA-diagram|00330}}
* {{FAA-procedures|PDX}}
* {{US-airport|PDX}}

{{Airports in Oregon}}
{{Architecture in Portland, Oregon}}

]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]

Revision as of 22:58, 7 January 2016

chemistry iz for babiez!