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| {{Infobox character | |||
| | colour = #FDF689 | |||
| | name = Minnie Mouse | |||
| | image = File:Minnie Mouse.png | |||
| | first = '']''<!--Please do not change to "Plane Crazy" as the citations and the Walt Disney Company say that "Steamboat Willie" was Minnie's first appearance. "Plane Crazy" was only previewed once and not released as it failed to gain a distributor. Previews do not count as appearances.--><ref>http://www.bcdb.com/cartoon_synopsis/7-Mickey_Mouse.html</ref><ref>http://www.disneyshorts.org/shorts.aspx?shortID=96</ref><br> {{Nowrap|November 18, 1928}} | |||
| | creator = {{Plainlist| | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| }} | |||
| | voice = {{Plainlist| | |||
| * ] (1928–1929) | |||
| * {{nowrap|Marjorie Ralston (1929)}} | |||
| * ] (1930–1939) | |||
| * {{nowrap|Thelma Boardman (1938; 1941–1942)}} | |||
| * ] (1944–1952) | |||
| * ] (1986–Present) | |||
| }} | |||
| | fullname = Minerva Mouse | |||
| | species = ] | |||
| | gender = ] | |||
| | family = ] | |||
| | significantother = ] | |||
| | friends = Angela Mouse, Mimi Mouse | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Minerva "Minnie" Mouse''' is a ] cartoon character created by ] and ]. She was first drawn by Iwerks in 1928, as was ]. The comic strip story "The Gleam" (published January 19–May 2, 1942) by ] and ] first gave her full name as '''Minerva Mouse''', although this is seldom used. | |||
| The comic strip story "Mr. Slicker and the Egg Robbers" (published September 22–December 26, 1930) introduced her father Marcus Mouse and her unnamed mother, both farmers. The same story featured photographs of Minnie's uncle Milton Mouse with his family and her grandparents Marshal Mouse and Matilda Mouse. Her best known relatives, however, remain her uncle Mortimer Mouse and her twin nieces, Millie and Melody Mouse, though most often a single niece, Melody, appears. In many appearances, Minnie is presented as the girlfriend of Mickey Mouse, a close friend of ],<ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> and a friend to ]. | |||
| ==Origins of the character== | |||
| ] from early 1928; the drawings, which are the earliest of Mickey Mouse, also show a female version of the character (lower right), from the collection of ].]] | |||
| In 1928, Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks created Mickey Mouse to act as a replacement to his previous star ]. But Mickey could not fill the void alone. Among the few consistent character traits Oswald had developed before moving on to ] was his near-constant pursuit of potential sweethearts. So for Mickey to have a chance to emulate his predecessor at flirting, someone had to replace Oswald's many love interests. This replacement to Miss Rabbit, Miss Cottontail, Fanny and an uncertain number of unnamed nurses and dancers was to become Minnie Mouse. | |||
| Minnie was designed in the fashion of a "]" girl. Her main outfit consisted of a short flapper girl dress that often revealed her distinctive patched ]. In the 1929 cartoon ] it was also revealed that she wears black ] which were also fashionable among flapper girls. Her shoes are probably her most distinctive article of clothing. For comedic effect, she wears over-sized high heeled ] that are too big for her feet. Her heels often slip out of her shoes, and she even loses her shoes completely in ]. When she walked or danced, the clip clop of her large pumps were usually heard clearly and often went with the rhythm of the music that was played in the background. Along with Mickey, she was redesigned in 1940. Her hat was replaced with a large bow, and bows were added to her shoes as well. Her eyes were also given more detail. Throughout the forties and fifties, her look and personality became more ]. Minnie almost always wears red or pink, but in her early appearances she could be seen wearing a combination of blue, black or green (when not depicted in black and white). | |||
| Minnie's early personality is playful, musical and flirtatious. She often portrays an entertainer like a dancer or a musician that Mickey is trying to win the affection of. Part of the comedy of these early shorts is the varying degree of success Mickey has in wooing Minnie. Unlike later cartoons after the redesign, Minnie often becomes a ] that Mickey tries to rescue. She is also subject to a lot of ] and ] gags. Over the course of the thirties, Minnie's and Mickey's relationship solidified and they eventually became a steady couple. | |||
| Minnie first appeared in '']''.<ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> Minnie is invited to join Mickey in the first flight of his aircraft. She accepts the invitation but not his request for a kiss in mid-flight. Mickey eventually forces Minnie into a kiss but this only results in her parachuting out of the plane. This first film depicted Minnie as somewhat resistant to the demanding affection of her potential boyfriend and capable of escaping his grasp. | |||
| Their debut however featured the couple already familiar to each other. The next film featuring them was '']''.<ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> The film was the second of their series to be produced, but the third to be released, and was released on December 30, 1928. We find Minnie employed as the ''Cantina Argentina'', a bar and restaurant established in the ] of ]. She performs the ] for Mickey the ] and ] the outlaw. Both flirt with her but the latter intends to abduct her while the former obliges in saving the ] from the ]. All three characters acted as strangers first being introduced to each other. | |||
| But it was their third cartoon that established the definitive early look and personality of both Mickey and Minnie, as well as Pete. '']'',<ref>. '' Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> was the third short of the series to be produced but released first on November 18, 1928. Pete was featured as the ] of the ], Mickey as a crew of one and Minnie as their single passenger. The two ] mice first star in a ] and spend most of its duration playing music to the tune of "]". | |||
| ==Minnie's Yoo-Hoo== | |||
| Her next appearance was arguably more significant. ''Mickey's Follies'' (June 26, 1929),<ref>. '']]. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> featured the first performance of the song "]". ''"The guy they call little ]''" for the first time addresses an audience to explain that he has ''"Got a sweetie''" who is ''"Neither fat nor skinny''" and proudly proclaims that ''"She's my little Minnie Mouse''". Mickey then proceeds in explaining his reaction to Minnie's call. The song firmly establishes Mickey and Minnie as a couple and expresses the importance Minnie holds for her male partner. Soon it would become the theme song for life. | |||
| ==Damsel in distress== | |||
| Her final appearance for the year was in ''],'' <ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> carried by a wave into the sea. She panics and seems to start drowning. Mickey uses a row boat to rescue her and return her to the shore but Minnie is still visibly shaken from the experience. Mickey starts singing the tune of "Rocked in the Cradle of the Deep,", a maritime ballad, in an apparent effort to cheer her up. Minnie cheers up and the short ends. This is the second time Minnie is placed in danger and then saved by her new boyfriend. It would not be the last. | |||
| In fact this was the case with her next appearance in '']'' (April 12, 1930).<ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> As the title implies the short was intended as a ] parody, but it is considered to be more or less a remake of ''The Gallopin' Gaucho'' set in ] instead of ]. Minnie was again cast as the local tavern dancer who is abducted by Peg-Leg Pedro (] in his first appearance with a peg-leg). Mickey again comes to the rescue. The short is considered significant for being the last short featuring Mickey and Minnie to be animated by ]. | |||
| ''The Shindig'' (July 11, 1930) <ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> featured Minnie joining Mickey, Horace and Clarabelle in a barn dance. Among them Clarabelle seems to be the actual star of the short. Director ] turned in another enjoyable entry in the series, proved that production could go on without Iwerks. This was arguably the first time Minnie was upstaged by a female co-star. | |||
| In '']'' (August 6, 1930) <ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> Minnie is trapped in a hotel during a fire. She spends the duration of the short in mortal peril but is rescued by firefighters under Chief Mickey Mouse. Horace Horsecollar is among the firefighters. An unnamed cow in the background is possibly Clarabelle making a cameo. The music of the short was, appropriately, the tune of "]". | |||
| The next entry in the series is considered curious: '']'' (October 1, 1930).<ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> The short starts with ] escaping from a zoo. Mickey learns of it and panics. He phones Minnie to warn her about the dangerous gorilla wandering about. Minnie is unconcerned and plays tunes on her piano for Mickey to hear over the phone and know she is not afraid. Her tunes are interrupted by her scream and Mickey rushes to her house to save her. Meanwhile, Beppo has wrapped up Minnie in rope and holds her hostage. Mickey confronts the gorilla and once again rescues the damsel in distress. The short ends with Minnie and Mickey jointly wrapping up the gorilla in rope. Modern audiences have commented on elements of ] apparent in the short and the mysterious motivation of Beppo. Note that the theme of kidnapping by a gorilla is present here three years prior to the '']'' film of 1933. | |||
| ==Introduction of a pet== | |||
| In '']'', (November 14, 1930) <ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> Minnie introduces her boyfriend to her new pet dog Rover. This is actually ] making his first appearance as an individual character. Two unnamed bloodhound guard dogs strikingly similar to him had previously appeared in '']'' (August 18, 1930) <ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> which featured Mickey incarcerated in prison without Minnie at his side. Otherwise the short features a typical picnic excursion harassed by forest animals and brought to a premature end by a sudden rain. | |||
| The final appearance of Minnie during the year was '']'' (December 10, 1930).<ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> The short featured Minnie and her mate as pioneer settlers heading to the ] driving a ] in a ]. They are unsurprisingly attacked by ] on their way, a stock plot of ]s at the time. While their fellows are either subjected to ] or running for their lives, Minnie is captured by the attackers. Mickey attempts to rescue her only to be captured himself. In a reversal of their usual roles, Minnie escapes her captors and rescues her mate. They then dress as soldiers of the ]. Their mere appearance proves sufficient to have the entire tribe running for the hills. The Mouse couple stands triumphant at the end. The short has been criticized for its unflattering depiction of Native Americans as rather bestial predators. Their depiction as being part Jewish is not particularly fondly seen by modern audiences either. The finale has been edited out in recent viewings for depicting the "braves" submitting to cowardice. | |||
| In several shorts, comics and on some ] episodes, Minnie owns a black and white kitten named Figaro, who had originated in the Disney animated feature '']''. And Minnie has a new mouse named Sweetie. | |||
| ==Waning years== | |||
| During the second half of the thirties, Minnie didn't appear as often in Mickey cartoons. This was mainly due to the growth in popularity of Mickey's new sidekicks, ], ], and ], whose appearances in Mickey cartoons had more or less replaced Minnie's role. Minnie's appearances in Mickey cartoons thus became less numerous, but she did have a few major roles in some Pluto and ] cartoons during the 1940s. Minnie made a sort of comeback in the 1980s when she was re-introduced in '']'' and then got her own starring role in '']''.<ref>{{cite news|title= Television Reviews `Disney's Totally Minnie': Live Action, Animation |work= ]|date=March 25, 1988|url= http://articles.latimes.com/1988-03-25/entertainment/ca-249_1_minnie-mouse|accessdate=2011-02-10|first=Charles|last=Solomon}}</ref> | |||
| ==Contemporary appearances== | |||
| ] | |||
| *She starred in a 1988 musical television special on NBC called '']'' and it was the first film to feature Minnie in a lead role. She also appeared in a line of merchandise called "]" in the 1990s. On September 18, 1990, the CD "Minnie 'n Me: Songs Just For Girls" was released. | |||
| *Minnie's return to animation came in '']'' (October 20, 1983).<ref>. ''. Retrieved on May 8, 2008.</ref> She was cast as Mrs. Cratchit. As with most Disney characters, she was given a small cameo in "'']''" (1988), but doesn't have any lines in the latter movie, despite her voice actress being credited in the end credits anyway. | |||
| *Minnie Mouse makes an appearance in every episode of ]. | |||
| *Minnie runs a neighborhood in ] called Minnie's Melodyland. This is a powerful area with access to Toontown Central, The Brrrgh, and Donald's Dreamland. | |||
| *Minnie is available to sign autographs and take pictures throughout the day in various locations at the different Disney Resort Theme Parks around the world. She also appears in all of the daily parades that take place at the Disney resorts. | |||
| *In the 2013 ] Minnie was restored to her classic 1930's look with the flowered bowler hat and flapper girl outfit. Minnie also gained more character quirks and, like the older cartoons, was subject to more slapstick and ] cartoon gags. | |||
| ==Television== | |||
| ]'' (1999)]] In '']'', she finally appeared in her own segments. Occasionally, she starred in ''Maestro Minnie''<ref>. ''. Retrieved on March 17, 2008.</ref> shorts, in which she conducts an orchestra of living instruments that she usually has to tame. | |||
| In '']'' Minnie is in charge of running the nightclub, while Mickey primarily serves as the host. In one episode of House of Mouse, "Clarabelle's Big Secret," Minnie reveals that she has gone to the movies with Mortimer Mouse, although it is not a date. | |||
| She appears in two ] on ]: the full-length educational '']'', and the spin-off series of shorts ] where she runs a "]" selling bows like the ones she and Daisy wear. In season 2 of Bow-Toons she displays high physical strength and balance at least twice, able to balance her entire bodyweight in a 1-finger ].<ref>{{cite episode |series=] |title=Piano Movers and Shakers |season=2 |number=1 (11 overall) |date=12 November 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite episode |series=] |title=A Good Sign |season=2 |number=2 (12 overall) |date=19 November 2012}}</ref> | |||
| In ] she exhibits the ability to survive her head coming off and doing a 360 degree flip and re-attaching itself, which can happen when she feels surprised.<ref>{{cite episode |series=] |title=Movie Time |date=11 September 2015 |season=3 |number=4 (41 overall)}}</ref> | |||
| ==Minnie as a queen and princess== | |||
| ===''Kingdom Hearts'' series=== | |||
| She appears in the '']'' game series as the queen of Disney Castle, with Mickey serving as the king and her husband. She, at the suggestion of a letter left by the missing King, sends ] and ] on their mission to find Mickey and the Keyblade Master, ]. During '']'', when Pete's tampering of the past causes the Heartless to appear in Disney Castle, Minnie is forced to fall back to the library to get to the bottom of it until Sora and company arrive. While Donald and Goofy head to get the other residents to safety, Sora serves as the Queen's bodyguard to get her to the Cornerstone where. During this time, Minnie shows powers as a sorceress of white magic, casting a holy light on the ] that attack as well as a powerful combination with Sora that unleashes a huge beam of light all around her. In the prequel '']'', she oversees the annually held Dream Festival in Disney Town, where Pete causes mischief until she banishes him to another dimension as punishment. She appears in '']'' in a role mirroring that in the film '']'', where she is referred to as Princess Minnie and rules a world called the Country of the Musketeers. By this, it is inferred that she, not Mickey, is the rightful ruler of Disney Castle, which is why he leaves her in charge. | |||
| ===''Mickey, Donald, Goofy: The Three Musketeers''=== | |||
| In the 2004 ] movie '']'', Minnie plays the role of the princess of France, who continually daydreams about her true love, Mickey. She's also the only monarch getting in the way of the plans of Pete, who can't take over the kingdom if he cannot get rid of her. Interestingly, for this particular film, Minnie is drawn with hair bangs, which do not appear in any later cartoons. | |||
| ==Disney on Ice== | |||
| In the "Disney on Ice" play ''Disney Presents Pixar's ] in a Magic Kingdom Adventure'', Mickey and Minnie are both taken hostage by an ] replica of ], who seeks to construct "his" own idea of The Happiest Place on Earth in Walt Disney World's place. They are briefly imprisoned in the ] attraction's prison cell before an assault on the robot Syndrome by the Incredible Family forces "him" to lock them up in ] prisons, but not without using a ] in a botched attempt to incinerate their would-be ] saviors. After the robot Syndrome is congealed by Frozone, Mickey and Minnie are finally liberated, the Walt Disney World Resort is restored to its former glory, and the Incredibles become Mickey and Minnie's newest friends. | |||
| ==Voice actors== | |||
| Minnie was first voiced by ], who was also the original voice of Mickey Mouse. ], a Disney inker who joined the animation team as Disney's thirteenth employee, voiced her in one cartoon in 1929, but it has not been specified which cartoon she was in. Then, from 1930 until 1939, she was voiced by ]. Then from 1941 to 1942, and on the radio program, '']'', she was voiced by ]. Following this, from 1942 to 1952 ] provided the character's voice. Minnie Mouse would go without any spoken dialogue until 1986, when ] inherited the role, which she continues to perform to this day (her late husband, ], voiced Mickey from 1977 until his death in 2009). | |||
| ==Appearances in cartoon shorts== | |||
| ===1928=== | |||
| *'']'' (1928) | |||
| *'']'' (1928) | |||
| ===1929=== | |||
| *'']'' (1929) | |||
| *'']'' (1929) | |||
| *'']'' (1929) | |||
| *'']'' (1929) | |||
| *'']'' (1929) | |||
| *'']'' (1929) | |||
| *'']'' (1929) | |||
| *'']'' (1929) | |||
| ===1930=== | |||
| *'']'' (1930) | |||
| *'']'' (1930) | |||
| *'']'' (1930) | |||
| *'']'' (1930) | |||
| *'']'' (1930) | |||
| *'']'' (1930) | |||
| ===1931=== | |||
| *'']'' (1931) | |||
| *'']'' (1931) | |||
| *'']'' (1931) | |||
| *'']'' (1931) | |||
| *'']'' (1931) | |||
| *'']'' (1931) | |||
| *'']'' (1931) | |||
| *'']'' (1931) | |||
| *'']'' (1931) | |||
| ===1932=== | |||
| *'']'' (1932) | |||
| *'']'' (1932) | |||
| *'']'' (1932) | |||
| *'']'' (1932) | |||
| *'']'' (1932) | |||
| *'']'' (1932) | |||
| *'']'' (1932) | |||
| *'']'' (1932) | |||
| *'']'' (1932) | |||
| *'']'' (1932) | |||
| ===1933=== | |||
| *'']'' (1933) | |||
| *'']'' (1933) | |||
| *'']'' (1933) | |||
| *'']'' (1933) | |||
| *'']'' (1933) | |||
| *'']'' (1933) | |||
| *'']'' (1933) | |||
| *'']'' (1933) | |||
| *'']'' (1933) | |||
| *'']'' (1933) | |||
| ===1934=== | |||
| *'']'' (1934) | |||
| *'']'' (1934) | |||
| *'']'' (1934) | |||
| *'']'' (1934) | |||
| ===1935=== | |||
| *'']'' (1935) | |||
| ===1936=== | |||
| *''Mickey's Rival'' (1936) | |||
| ===1937=== | |||
| *'']'' (1937) | |||
| ===1938=== | |||
| *'']'' (1938) | |||
| *'']'' (1938) | |||
| ===1939=== | |||
| *'']'' (1939, in a commercial short) | |||
| ===1940s=== | |||
| *'']'' (1941) | |||
| *'']'' (1941) | |||
| *'']'' (1942) | |||
| *''First Aiders'' (1944, in a Pluto short) | |||
| *''Bath Day'' (1946, in a Figaro short) | |||
| *''Figaro and Frankie'' (1947, in a Figaro short) | |||
| *'']'' (1947) | |||
| *''Pluto's Sweater'' (1949, in a Pluto short) | |||
| ===1950s=== | |||
| *''Pluto and the Gopher'' (1950, in a Pluto short) | |||
| *''Crazy Over Daisy'' (1950, cameo in a Donald Duck short) | |||
| *'']'' (1952) | |||
| ===1980s=== | |||
| *'']'' (1983, non-speaking appearance) | |||
| ===1990s=== | |||
| *'']'' (1995) | |||
| ===Television appearances=== | |||
| * '']'' (1955–1959; 1977–1979; 1989–1994) | |||
| * '']'' (1999–2000) | |||
| * '']'' (2001–2003) | |||
| * '']'' (2006–present) | |||
| **'']'' (2011-present) | |||
| * '']'' (2013–present) | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist|2}} | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| {{portal|Animation|Comics|Film|Disney}} | |||
| {{commons category}} | |||
| * {{Inducks character|MI}} | |||
| * {{imdb character|0000681}} | |||
| {{Disney Characters}} | |||
| {{Authority control}} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Mouse, Minnie}} | |||
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