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Following the failure of last-ditch talks on the formation of a government, Pakistani president ] ordered the Pakistani Army to launch ] to suppress the nationalist movement. On March 25, 1971 the leader of the Awami League ] signed an official declaration<ref>J. S. Gupta ''The History of the Liberation Movement in Bangladesh'' Page ??</ref></blockquote> and called upon the people to resist the occupation forces through a radio message.<ref> Article not specified</ref> After he was arrested by Pakistan Army and moved to a jail in ], ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.virtualbangladesh.com/history/declaration.html |title=Virtual Bangladesh |publisher=Virtual Bangladesh |date=26 March 1971 |accessdate=23 June 2011}}</ref> ]<ref name=Shashi>{{cite book|last=Shashi|first=S. S.|title=Encyclopedia Indica: A Grand Tribute to Culture, Art, Architecture, Religion and Development|year=2002|publisher=Anmol Publications|location=Volume 100|isbn=978-8170418597|page=149}}</ref> broadcast the announcement of the declaration of independence on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur on 26 March and 27 March respectively and exhorted the Bengali people to resist the Pakistani state forces. Following the failure of last-ditch talks on the formation of a government, Pakistani president ] ordered the Pakistani Army to launch ] to suppress the nationalist movement. On March 25, 1971 the leader of the Awami League ] signed an official declaration<ref>J. S. Gupta ''The History of the Liberation Movement in Bangladesh'' Page ??</ref></blockquote> and called upon the people to resist the occupation forces through a radio message.<ref> Article not specified</ref> After he was arrested by Pakistan Army and moved to a jail in ], ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.virtualbangladesh.com/history/declaration.html |title=Virtual Bangladesh |publisher=Virtual Bangladesh |date=26 March 1971 |accessdate=23 June 2011}}</ref> ]<ref name=Shashi>{{cite book|last=Shashi|first=S. S.|title=Encyclopedia Indica: A Grand Tribute to Culture, Art, Architecture, Religion and Development|year=2002|publisher=Anmol Publications|location=Volume 100|isbn=978-8170418597|page=149}}</ref> broadcast the announcement of the declaration of independence on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur on 26 March and 27 March respectively and exhorted the Bengali people to resist the Pakistani state forces.

==Activities==
{{refimprove|date=October 2009}}
The Mujibnagar government was manned by activists and politicians of the Awami League, nationalist militias, students and rebel Bengali officers and soldiers. The government-in-exile established important bases in ] and Kolkata to garner financial and political support from Indian sympathisers, while its envoys travelled across the world in a bid to win the support of foreign nation. Mujibnagar personnel received extensive resources, support and training from the ], which aided the Mukti Bahini in the guerrilla war.

The Mujibnagar government sought to coordinate guerrillas within East Pakistan as well as Awami League sympathisers and activists who had been forced to go underground owing to the Pakistani army's campaign of political suppression. The government organised attacks against Pakistani state forces and their Bengali allies, but proved unable to combat the systematic killings of Bengali intellectuals, ]s and civilians across the country. The Pakistani government projected the Mujibnagar entity as a figurehead and stooge of India. Without Sheikh Mujib, political in-fighting soon erupted between government members, notably between Tajuddin Ahmed and Khondaker Mostaq Ahmed.

When the Indian Army obtained the surrender of Pakistani forces on December 16, 1971, the Mujibnagar government moved to the capital ] and took ceremonial control of the new state's institutions. Upon his release, Sheikh Mujib returned to Dhaka on January 10, 1972 and assumed the presidency of Bangladesh. On January 12, Sheikh Mujib dismissed Tajuddin Ahmed (a move widely suspected to be the outcome of the power struggle between Tajuddin Ahmed and Khondaker Mostaq Ahmed) and appointed himself prime minister. A provisional parliament would be organised, formally replacing the Mujibnagar system.


==Legacy== ==Legacy==

Revision as of 02:10, 18 April 2016

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Also See: Provisional Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh

Mujibnagar (Template:Lang-bn), formerly known as Baidyanathtala is a town in the Meherpur District of Bangladesh.

Formation

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Following the failure of last-ditch talks on the formation of a government, Pakistani president Yahya Khan ordered the Pakistani Army to launch Operation Searchlight to suppress the nationalist movement. On March 25, 1971 the leader of the Awami League Sheikh Mujibur Rahman signed an official declaration and called upon the people to resist the occupation forces through a radio message. After he was arrested by Pakistan Army and moved to a jail in West Pakistan, M A Hannan, Ziaur Rahman broadcast the announcement of the declaration of independence on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur on 26 March and 27 March respectively and exhorted the Bengali people to resist the Pakistani state forces.

Legacy

The Mujibnagar government's legacy is largely that of providing leadership, unity and direction to the guerrilla war for independence. Many historians believe that without the explicit and organised government-in-exile, the guerrilla resistance to Pakistani forces would have been fragmented, disorganised and ineffectual. Many scholars and political observers believe that the Mujibnagar government was a symbolic centre of the nationalist struggle, and served the essential purpose of lifting the morale of revolutionaries and those who supported the Awami League's campaign for Bangladesh. The Mujibnagar government sought to serve as a credible alternative and counterpart to the Pakistani government, a system of political leadership distinct from the Indian government and a major contender for territorial control.

However, the political strife between the politicians who headed the Mujibnagar government have discredited the entity in the eyes of many in Bangladesh. Some historians regard the entity as an ineffectual, nominal symbol of the nationalist struggle that could function only due to Indian support and could not sufficiently respond to the Pakistani army's campaign of political suppression and attacks on civilians or support the refugee camps of more than 10 million people who fled into India.

The Mujibnagar government is officially regarded as the first government of independent Bangladesh. April 17, the day of its formation is celebrated in Bangladesh as Mujibnagar Day, a major milestone for the Bangladeshi nationalists and the Awami League. A national historical monument has been constructed at Mujibnagar, and the place remains the focus of nationalist sentiments and the memories of the liberation war amongst the Bangladeshi people.

See also

Bangladesh Bangladesh Liberation War
Origins of the Bangladeshi Revolution
Philosophy
Pakistan Movement
East Pakistan
Bengali self-determination
Declaration of war
  • Combatants
  • Campaigns
  • Theaters
  • Battles
  • Events
  • Massacres
Combatants
Bangladesh
Pakistan
Indian allies
Campaigns and
theaters
Major battles
Other events
List of massacres
Related conflicts
Leaders
Bangladesh
Military
Civilian
Pakistan
Military
Civilian
Indian allies
Military
Civilian
Aftermath
  • Related topics
  • Categories
Commemoration
Monuments and memorials
Anniversaries
Decorations and depictions
Trials
Categories

Footnotes

  1. J. S. Gupta The History of the Liberation Movement in Bangladesh Page ??
  2. The Daily Star, 26 March 2005 Article not specified
  3. "Virtual Bangladesh". Virtual Bangladesh. 26 March 1971. Retrieved 23 June 2011.
  4. Shashi, S. S. (2002). Encyclopedia Indica: A Grand Tribute to Culture, Art, Architecture, Religion and Development. Volume 100: Anmol Publications. p. 149. ISBN 978-8170418597.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

References

External links

23°38′N 88°36′E / 23.633°N 88.600°E / 23.633; 88.600

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