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{{Infobox Biography | subject_name = David Duke | image_name = David_Duke2.jpg | image_size = 216x275px | image_caption = David Duke, circa 2005 | date_of_birth = 1950-07-01 | place_of_birth = Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA | occupation = Politician, writer}}


'''David Ernest Duke''' (born ], ]) is a former ] ] ] and former leader of the ]. '''David Ernest Duke''' (born ], ]) is a former ] ] and former leader of the ].


He has made a number of unsuccessful political bids for higher office, including run for the Louisiana State House, Louisiana State Senate, United States Senate, United States House, ] of Louisiana and twice for ]. In ] he pled guilty to tax evasion and fraud charges. He is a long-time ] resident and the father of Erika and Kristin Duke.
Duke is a self-styled ], though is often labelled a ] by critics. Duke says he does not think of himself as a ], stating that he is a "racial realist" and that he believes "all people have a basic human right to preserve their own heritage."<ref>{{cite web | last = Duke | first = David | title = David Duke answers an email about whether he is a racist | date = 2005-03-12 | url = http://www.davidduke.com/index.php?p=266 | accessdate = 2006-08-31}}</ref>


==Youth & Early Adulthood==
Duke has made a number of unsuccessful political bids for higher office, including run for the Louisiana State House, Louisiana State Senate, United States Senate, United States House, ] of Louisiana and twice for ]. In ] he pled guilty to tax evasion and fraud charges. He is a long-time ] resident and the father of two.<ref name="nndb">
{{cite web | title = David Duke | url = http://www.nndb.com/people/210/000024138/ | accessdate = 2006-08-31}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | last = Duke | first = David | title = Political Victory | date = | work = My Awakening | publisher = SolarGeneral | url = http://www.solargeneral.com/library/ma/38.html | accessdate = 2006-08-31}}</ref>


David Duke was born in ], ] to David H. & Maxine Duke. As a Shell Oil engineer his fathers frequently moved his wife, David, and his sister Dotti to numerious locations around the world. The Duke's spent a short period of living in the ] before they settled in ]. Young David became interested in the white nationalist movement at an early age and joined the Klan in 1967. Duke went on to study at ] in Baton Rouge and in 1970, he formed a ] campus-group known as the White Youth Alliance. That same year, he made himself known even more by demonstrating in swastika regalia to protest ]'s appearance at ], LA. He was involved in the campus ], until he was kicked out due to his radical beliefs. In 1971, he went to ] to teach English to Laotian military officers and serve on cargo flights for ] over the course of ten weeks.
==Youth and early adulthood==


Duke returned to LSU, graduating in 1974. He became notorious on campus for wearing a ] uniform, ] apparel, and ] paraphernalia while picketing and holding parties on the anniversary of the birth of ]. The year of his graduation, he was elected ] of the ]. He attracted attention for trying to modernize the Klan and turn it into a modern nationalist political force. For example, he changed the title of 'Grand Wizard' to 'National Director' and sported a conservative suit as opposed to the traditional white robe.
David Duke was born in ], ] to David H. and Maxine Duke. As a ] engineer, his father frequently moved the family to numerious locations around the world. The Dukes spent a short period of living in the ] before they settled in ]. Young David became interested in the white nationalist movement at an early age and joined the Klan in 1967.{{fact}} Duke went on to study at ] in Baton Rouge and in 1970, he formed a ] student group known as the White Youth Alliance. That same year, he made himself known even more by demonstrating in swastika regalia to protest ]'s appearance at ].


Using the ] Dorothy Vanderbilt, Dr. Duke published a self-help book for women titled ''Finders-Keepers'' in 1976. The publication gives advice to women regarding vaginal exercises, ], ], and ]. The manual is no longer in print and hard to find, however ], a local Mississippi newspaper, managed to find a copy and trace the trail of it’s proceeds to the original author via the publisher.
He was involved in the campus ], until he was kicked out due to his radical beliefs. In ], he went to ] to teach English to Laotian military officers and serve on cargo flights for ] over the course of ten weeks.


In the early 1980s, he was heavily involved in ] and ] investments, which were covered by the ], as well as by others. ], ],
Duke returned to LSU, graduating in ]. He became notorious on campus for wearing a ] uniform while picketing and holding parties on the anniversary of the birth of ]. The year of his graduation, he formed the ]. He attracted attention for trying to modernize the Klan and turn it into a modern nationalist political force. For example, he changed the title of "Grand Wizard" to "National Director" and sported a conservative suit as opposed to the traditional white robe.


In the latter years of the 1980s, Duke sought to revamp his appearance by undergoing ], and also shaved off his moustache following his election to the Louisiana House of Representatives.
While working in the White Youth Alliance, Duke met Chloe Hardin, who also became active in the group. The two remained companions throughout college, and married in 1974. Hardin is the mother of Duke's two daughters, Erika and Kristin. The couple divorced in ], and Hardin then moved to ], ] to be closer to her family. There she became involved with Duke's childhood friend, ], whom she married several years later.<ref>{{cite web | last = Kim | first = T. K. | title = Electronic Storm | year = 2005 | work = Intelligence Report | publisher = Southern Poverty Law Center | url = http://www.splcenter.org/intel/intelreport/article.jsp?aid=551 | accessdate = 2006-08-31 }}</ref> <ref name="nndb" />


In ] David Duke and wife Chloe Hardin were divorced. Hardin then moved to ], ] to be closer to her family. There she became involved with Duke’s childhood friend, ], whom she married several years later.
==Political career==


==Political Career==
In ], Duke sought a seat in the Louisiana State Senate as a ]. In ], he ran in the ] primary for President of the United States. After a dismal showing in the Democratic primaries, he appeared on many state ballots as the nominee of the ] and received 47,047 votes in the 1988 general election. ] of ] was Duke's running mate.
In 1976, Duke sought a seat in the Louisiana State Senate as a ]. In 1988, he ran in the ] primary for President of the United States. After a dismal showing in the Democratic primaries, he appeared on many state ballots as the nominee of the ] and received approximately 25,000 votes in the 1988 general election.


*'''Challenging John Treen''' *'''Challenging John Treen'''


In ], he ran as a ] for a seat representing ] in the Louisiana State House of Representatives. He defeated fellow Republican John Treen, the brother of ], the first Republican to be elected governor of ] since ], by a narrow margin of 51-49 percent. Duke's victory came despite visits to the district in support of John Treen's candidacy by President ], former President ], and other ] notables. In ], he ran as a ] for a seat representing ] in the Louisiana State House of Representatives. He defeated fellow Republican John Treen, the brother of ], the first Republican to be elected governor of ] since Reconstruction, by a narrow margin of 51-49 percent. Duke's victory came despite visits to the district in support of John Treen's candidacy by President ], former President ], and other ] notables.


*'''Challenging Senator J. Bennett Johnston, Jr.''' *'''Challenging Senator J. Bennett Johnston, Jr.'''


In ], Duke challenged incumbent ] Senator ] in the open primary as a Republican and received 44 percent of the vote, including more than 60 percent of the white vote, according to exit polls. Johnston was able to win re-election (and thus avoid a direct run-off with Duke) by receiving 53 percent of the vote. The endorsed Republican party candidate, State Senator Ben Baggert of ], who had been supported by the Virginia Republican leader ], withdrew from the race two days before the vote. Distressed national Republican officials had anticipated Baggert losing and fragmenting Johnston's support; so funding for Baggert's campaign was halted, and he dropped out though his name remained on the ballot.<ref>{{cite news | title = Louisiana Republican Quits, Reducing Duke's Chances | date = 1990-10-05 | work = Washington Post}}</ref> Republican Senator ] of Missouri openly endorsed Democrat Johnston. In 1990, Duke challenged incumbent ] Senator ] in the open primary as a Republican and received 44 percent of the vote, including more than 60 percent of the white vote, according to exit polls. Johnston was able to win re-election (and thus avoid a direct run-off with Duke) by receiving 53 percent of the vote. The endorsed Republican party candidate, State Senator Ben Baggert of ], who had been supported by the Virginia Republican leader ], withdrew from the race two days before the vote. Distressed national Republican officials had anticipated Baggert losing and fragmenting Johnston's support; so funding for Baggert's campaign was halted, and he dropped out though his name remained on the ballot. "Louisiana Republican Quits, Reducing Duke's Chances", '']'', October 5, 1990. Republican Senator ] of Missouri openly endorsed Democrat Johnston.


*'''Challenging Edwin Edwards and Buddy Roemer''' *'''Challenging Edwin Edwards & Buddy Roemer'''


Duke ran for Louisiana governor in ] as a ] candidate, despite getting an official reproval (letter expressing the GOP's disdain for Duke's activities) from that party. In the open ], Duke was second to former governor ] in votes; thus he faced Edwards in a runoff. Duke received 32 percent of the vote in that initial round, pushing incumbent Republican ] down to third place with 27 percent of the vote, effectively defeating Roemer's bid for re-election. While Duke had a small hard-core constituency of devoted admirers, many others in Louisiana voted for him as a "protest vote", in order to register dissatisfaction with Louisiana's establishment politicians. Duke portrayed himself as a spokesman for the disaffected White majority and took a strong anti-establishment stance. Duke ran for governor as a ] candidate, despite getting an official reproval (letter expressing the GOP's disdain for Duke's activities) from that party. In the open ], Duke was second to former governor ] in votes; thus he faced Edwards in a runoff. Duke received 32 percent of the vote in that initial round, pushing incumbent Republican ] down to third place with 27 percent of the vote, effectively defeating Roemer's bid for re-election. The election garnered national media attention. While Duke had a small hard-core constituency of devoted admirers, many others in Louisiana voted for him as a "protest vote", in order to register dissatisfaction with Louisiana's establishment politicians.


Between the primary and the runoff, technically called the "general election" under Louisiana's primary (in which all candidates run on one ballot, regardless of party), Duke enjoyed the peak of his notoriety. ] and ] organizations from around the country contributed to his campaign fund.<ref>{{cite web | last = Lee | first = Martin A. | title = Detailing David Duke | year = 2003 | work = Intelligence Report | publisher = Southern Poverty Law Center | url = http://www.splcenter.org/intel/intelreport/article.jsp?aid=27 | accessdate = 2006-08-31}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | title = David Duke: In His Own Words | date = | publisher = Anti-Defamation League | url = http://www.adl.org/special_reports/duke_own_words/duke_intro.asp | accessdate = 2006-08-31}}</ref> Between the primary and the runoff, technically called the "general election" under Louisiana's primary (in which all candidates run on one ballot, regardless of party), Duke enjoyed the peak of his notoriety. ] and ] organizations from around the country contributed to his campaign fund.


Duke's success garnered nation-wide media attention. A massive campaign was launched against him, with celebrities and organizations donating thousands to Edwards's campaign in order to defeat Duke. A popular bumper sticker read, "Vote for the Crook. It's Important." When a reporter asked Edwards what he needed to do to triumph over Duke, Edwards replied with a smile, "Stay alive." Duke lost the election by a wide margin. Edwards polled 1,057,031 (61.2 percent). Duke's 671,009 votes represented 38.8 percent of the total. Duke claimed victory, saying, "I won my constituency. I won 55 percent of the white vote," which he had, as exit polls confirmed.<ref name="rise">{{cite book | last = Bridges |first = Tyler | title = The Rise of David Duke | year = 1995 | publisher = University of Mississippi Press | id = ISBN 0-87805-678-5 | pages = | chapter = }}</ref> In actuality, Duke had done little better in percent terms than the first major Republican gubernatorial candidate in modern Louisiana history, ], had done in 1964. When a reporter asked Edwards what he needed to do to triumph over Duke, Edwards replied with a smile, "Stay alive." Duke lost the election by a wide margin. Edwards polled 1,057,031 (61.2 percent). Duke's 671,009 votes represented 38.8 percent of the total. Duke claimed, "I won my constituency. I won 55 percent of the white vote." In actuality, Duke had done little better in percent terms than the first major Republican gubernatorial candidate in modern Louisiana history, ], had done in 1964.


*'''Challenging Mary Landrieu''' *'''Challenging Mary Landrieu'''
Line 42: Line 44:
In 1996, Duke ran again for the U.S. Senate, when Johnston announced his retirement. He polled 141,489 votes (11.5 percent). Republican former state representative Louis ] of ] and Democrat ] of ], the former state treasurer, went into the ] contest. Landrieu was declared the winner by some 4,000 votes. Duke's supporters are believed to have supported Jenkins. In 1996, Duke ran again for the U.S. Senate, when Johnston announced his retirement. He polled 141,489 votes (11.5 percent). Republican former state representative Louis ] of ] and Democrat ] of ], the former state treasurer, went into the ] contest. Landrieu was declared the winner by some 4,000 votes. Duke's supporters are believed to have supported Jenkins.


*'''Challenging Bobby Jindal as a Campaign Manager'''
*'''Seeking to succeed Bob Livingston'''


In ] Duke’s bodyguard, roommate, and longtime associate by the name of ] made a bid for the ] to serve Louisiana's First Congressional District. Armstrong lost the election handily to ], an ] despite Duke acting as the head campaign advisor.
Due to the sudden resignation-in-disgrace of powerful, long time Republican incumbent ] in ], a Special Election was held in Louisiana's First Congressional District later that year. Duke sought the seat as a Republican, receiving 19% of the vote and finshing a close third, thus failing to make the run-off. Republican state representative ] (now a U.S. Senator) went on to defeat Republican ex-Governor ].


== Affiliations ==
*'''Challenging Bobby Jindal as a campaign manager'''


* '''Knights of the Ku Klux Klan'''
In ] Duke's bodyguard, roommate, and longtime associate by the name of ] made a bid for the ] to serve Louisiana's First Congressional District. Armstrong lost the election to ], an ]. Duke was acting as the head advisor of the campaign.<ref>{{cite web | last = Sabludowsky | first = Steve | title = David Duke Close Associate Runs for Congress in Race With Indian-American Bobby Jindal | date = 2004-08-06 | url = http://www.bayoubuzz.com/articles.aspx?aid=2044 | accessdate = 2006-09-01}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | last = Burdeau | first = Cain | title = KKK Leader David Duke's Home is Raided by Federal Agents | date = 2000-11-17 | publisher = Associated Press/ | url = http://www.mindfully.org/Reform/KKK-Duke-Home-Raided.htm | accessdate = 2006-09-01}}</ref>


In 1974 David Duke reinvented the Ku Klux Klan shortly after graduating ], Duke covered his swastika with a Klan robe and founded the Louisiana-based Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. He first came to broad public attention during this time: the young Imperial Wizard successfully marketed himself in the mid-1970s as a new brand of Klansman – well-groomed, engaged, professional: the Klan leader as a corporate manager. And as a progressive: for the first time in the group’s history, women were accepted as equal members and Catholics were encouraged to apply for membership.
==Scandal==


* '''] v. ]'''
Using the ] Dorothy Vanderbilt, Duke published a self-help book for women titled ''Finders-Keepers'' in ]. The publication gives advice to women regarding vaginal exercises, ], and ].<ref name="cjr">{{cite web | last = Amend | first = Jeanne W. | title = The Picayune Catches Up With David Duke | month = January/February | year = 1992 | publisher = Columbia Journalism Review | url = http://archives.cjr.org/year/92/1/picayune.asp | accessdate = 2006-09-01}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | title = David Duke | publisher = Anti-Defamation League | url = http://www.adl.org/learn/ext_us/duke.asp | accessdate = 2006-09-01}}</ref> The manual is no longer in print and hard to find; however, the ], a New Orleans newspaper, managed to find a copy and trace the trail of its proceeds to the original author via the publisher. Duke compiled information from various women's self-help magazines, and published the book to raise money for his activities, though the book turned out to be a flop.<ref name="rise" />


In 1978, he left the Klan and two years later formed the ] (NAAWP). In 1987, he conducted a direct-mail appeal using the identity and mailing-list of the ], in Georgia, without permission, which League officials described as a fund-raising "scam" (detailed in ''The Rise of David Duke'' by Tyler Bridges).
In the early 1980s, he was heavily involved in ] and ] investments, which were covered by the ], as well as by others.<ref name="cjr" />
:On May 20, 2004 the ] became outraged when it discovered that David Duke had chosen ] to host his International ] Conference during the ]'s Big Easy Rally to commemorate the 50th anniversary of ]


* '''E.U.R.O.'''
In the latter years of the 1980s, Duke sought to revamp his appearance by undergoing ], and also shaved off his moustache following his election to the Louisiana House of Representatives.<ref>{{cite news | last = Benton | first = Joshua | title = National: David Duke Reverts to Unabashed Racism in Congress run | date = 1999-05-01 | publisher = Block News Alliance/Pittsburgh Post-Gazette | url = http://www.post-gazette.com/headlines/19990501davidduke3.asp | accessdate = 2006-09-01}}</ref> <ref></ref> <ref></ref>


Duke is the president of the '']'' and remains a political activist against ], ] interests, and ] laws to protects ] and the ] for his ideologies opposing ]s and ]. EURO, previously titled '''N.O.F.E.A.R.''', the ''National Organization for European-American Rights'', which faced legal challenges by fashion company ]. This forced Duke to change find a name for his organization without a preexisting ].
Duke also conducted a direct-mail appeal in ] using the identity and mailing-list of the ], in Georgia, without permission, which League officials described as a fund-raising "scam" (detailed in ''The Rise of David Duke'' by Tyler Bridges).


* '''Ernst Zündel & The Zundelsite'''
==Affiliations==
===Knights of the Ku Klux Klan===


David Duke has expressed his support for ] and his ] campaign. Duke believes the ] was a hoax designed to draw international sympathy for people of the ] faith. Currently, Duke expresses concern for the aging Zündel on his website calling him a "political prisoner" after Zündel was deported from ] to ]. Zündel is being held in a ] prision on charges of defaming the dead, in this case, the 6,000,000 victims of the ].
In ] David Duke founded the Louisiana-based Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, shortly after graduating from LSU. He first received broad public attention during this time, as he successfully marketed himself in the mid-1970s as a new brand of Klansman &mdash; well-groomed, engaged, and professional. Duke also reformed the organization, as for the first time in the Klan's history, women were accepted as equal members and Catholics were encouraged to apply for membership.<ref></ref>
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* '''Interregional Academy of Personnel Management'''
===] v. ]===


In September 2005 Duke received a ] title in History from ] or MAUP. His doctoral thesis was titled "Zionism as a Form of Ethnic Supremacism" . This was the Ukrainian private university from which Duke had previously received a ]. MAUP's "anti-Semitic actions" were "strongly condemned" by Foreign Minister of Ukraine ] and various Civil Rights organizations. To date, Dr. Duke is a Professor of ] at MAUP. ,
In ], Duke left the Klan and two years later formed the '''] (NAAWP)'''.
, ,


==David Duke's Commentary & Publications==
On ] ], the ] became outraged when it discovered that David Duke had chosen ] to host his International NAAWP Conference during the NAACP's Big Easy Rally to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the ] decision.<ref></ref>


* '''"My Awakening"'''
===E.U.R.O.===


Duke's first book was published under the title "My Awakening" drawing "parallels" to ]'s ]. "My Awakening" details Duke's reasoning behind racial ] along with various other philosophies related to Duke's perspective he refers to as the "truth" about peoples of African descent, Jews, homosexuals, immigrants, and women.
Duke is the president of the '']'' and remains a political activist against ], ] interests, ] laws, and non-European immigration into the United States. Duke has gained an audience in ] and the ] for his opposition to ]s and Zionism. EURO was previously titled '''N.O.F.E.A.R.''', the ''National Organization for European-American Rights'', but faced legal challenges by fashion company ]. This forced Duke to find a name for his organization without a preexisting ].{{fact}}


* '''"Jewish Supremacism"'''
].]]


In ] David Duke published in ] his latest controversial book: ''Jewish Supremacism: My Awakening on the Jewish Question.'' While the book's title leads one to believe it is a continuation of his first autobiographical work, the book instead purports to be a collection of historical documents that detail religious beliefs of Jewish conspiracies since ]. The book is dedicated to ], a controversial writer, who was an ardent critic of what he saw as supremacist religious teachings in modern Jewish culture. Duke denies the book is motivated by ]. {{fact}}
===Ernst Zündel and the Zundelsite===


* '''Stormfront.com'''
Duke has expressed his support for ] and his ] campaign. Duke himself is sometimes described as a Holocaust denier as well.<ref></ref> <ref></ref> <ref></ref> <ref></ref> <ref></ref> Currently, Duke expresses concern for the aging Zündel on his website calling him a "political prisoner" after Zündel was deported from ] to ].<ref></ref> Zündel is being held in a ] prision on charges of defaming the dead, in this case, the victims of the ].<ref></ref>


In 1995, ] and Chloe Hardin, Duke's Ex-Wife, began a small bulletin board service or ] by the name ]. Today, Stormfront has become the premier online forum for ] and ]. Don Black's Stormfront and David Duke's personal website are in alliance, frequently distribute the same information among sites. David Duke has worked with ] on numerous projects including ] in 1980.
===Interregional Academy of Personnel Management===


* '''Davidduke.com'''
In September 2005 Duke received a ] title in History from the Ukrainian ] (MAUP). His doctoral thesis was titled "Zionism as a Form of Ethnic Supremacism".<ref></ref> MAUP is a large university (with over 50,000 students) accredited by Ukraine's Ministry of Education, and is where Duke had previously received a ]. It is regarded by its critics as the main source of ] activity and publishing in ], and its "anti-Semitic actions" were "strongly condemned" by Foreign Minister of Ukraine ] and various Jewish interest and anti-racist organizations. , Allegedly Duke has been allowed to teach an international relations and a history course at MAUP.<ref> (])</ref>


On ] ], Duke claimed on his ] radio show that ] was "the world's worst terrorist" and that ] was involved in the ]. The broadcast claimed that ] were behind the 9/11 in order to reduce sympathy for ] nations in the West, and claimed that the number of Israelis killed in the attack was lower than it would be under normal circumstances, citing early assessments by '']'' and "the legendary involvement of Israeli nationals in businesses at the ]". According to Duke, this indicated that Israeli security services had prior knowledge of the attack. This conspiracy theory lacks substantial factual support and is widely disputed by the American public.
==Publications==
===''My Awakening''===


* '''Public Address in ]'''
In ], Duke published his autobiography ''My Awakening: A Path to Racial Understanding''. The book details Duke's life and his social philosophies, especially his reasoning behind ]. The ] review of the book refers to it as containing racist, anti-Semitic, sexist and homophobic views.<ref></ref>


On ], ], Duke visited ], addressing a rally, which was broadcast on Syrian television, and later giving an interview. , interview with ] on Syrian television, the Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI), November 25, 2005. Clip of the interview and of Duke's speech to a Syrian rally can be viewed . During the rally, he referred to ] as a "war-mongering country", adding that "], ] and ] and many other capitals of the world" are "occupied by the ]."
===''Jewish Supremacism''===


After speaking to the Syrian people, Duke was interviewed where he remarked that Israel "makes the ] state look very, very moderate." Syrian parliament member Muhammad Habash replied that Duke’s visit gave Syrians a "new and very positive view of the average American."
In ] David Duke published in ] his latest controversial book: ''Jewish Supremacism: My Awakening on the Jewish Question.'' The book eschews the layout of his first autobiographical work, and instead purports to be a collection of historical documents that, according to Duke, demonstrate supremacism in religious beliefs and philosophies of the Jewish community from ] till modern times. The book is dedicated to ], a controversial writer, who was an ardent critic of what he saw as supremacist religious teachings in modern Jewish culture. Duke denies the book is motivated by ].<ref></ref>


* '''Duke and the Media'''
At one time, the book was being sold in the main lobby of the building of Russian State ] (congress). The first printing of 5,000 copies was almost sold out in several weeks. Reacting to this, ADL office in ] urged the Moscow Prosecutor to open an investigation of ], the former ]'s administration official and a prominent far-right politician, who wrote an introduction for the Russian edition of ''Jewish Supremacism'', called ''The Jewish Question Through the Eyes of an American''. The ADL office also initiated a letter from a prominent Duma member to Russia’s Prosecutor General ], urging that a criminal case be opened against the author and the Russian publisher of Duke’s book. The letter by Alexander Fedulov described the book as anti-Semitic and as violating Russian anti-hate crime laws. <ref>, ]</ref> In December 2001, Prosecutor's office closed the investigation of Boris Mironov and ''Jewish Supremacism''. In a public letter, ], First Deputy of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation, stated that a socially-psychological examination, which was conducted as a part of the investigation, concluded that the book and the actions of Boris Mironov did not break Russian hate-crime laws. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.panorama.ru/works/patr/govpol/gov/01/12/all.html|date=]|title=Закрыто "дело Миронова"|publisher=Русский вестник}} {{ru icon}}</ref>


Since 2005 Duke has appeared three times on "Current Issues," a ]–based television show hosted and produced by Palestinian-American ], which has recently been picked up by Bridges TV. Tillawi afforded Duke the opportunity to discourse at length about his beliefs about 'Jewish supremacism'. On the show in October 2005, Duke also added that Jews are responsible for undermining the morality of America and are attempting to "wash the world in blood."
In ], Duke traveled to ] to promote his book and in ] ''Jewish Supremacism'' was published in the USA. Presently, Duke claims that the book has been translated in 8 languages. <ref></ref> It is also sometimes alleged in far-right sources that the book has sold more than 500,000 copies worldwide. <ref></ref>


* ''' Duke finds support from unlikely sources
==Comments on Internet websites==
===Stormfront.org===


After John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt's paper on ] appeared in March 2006, David Duke praised the paper in a number of articles on his website, on his March 18 Live Web Radio Broadcast, and on ]'s March 21 '']'' program., show transcript, ''MSNBC'', March 21 2006.According to the ], Duke said in an email, "It is quite satisfying to see a body in the premier American University essentially come out and validate every major point I have been making since even before the war even started." Duke added that "the task before us is to wrest control of America's foreign policy and critical junctures of media from the ] extremist ]s that seek to lead us into what they expectantly call World War IV."
In 1995, ] and Chloe Hardin, Duke's ex-wife, began a small bulletin board service or ] by the name ]. Today, Stormfront has become the premier online forum for ] and ]. Duke has an account on Stormfront which he uses to post articles from his own website, davidduke.com, as well as polling forum members for opinions and questions, in particular during his internet broadcasts. David Duke has worked with Don Black on numerous projects including ] in 1980. <ref></ref> <ref></ref>


:: Stephen Walt responded,
===Davidduke.com===
:::::"I have always found Mr. Duke's views reprehensible,
:::::and I am sorry he sees this article as consistent with
:::::his view of the world." Eli Lake, , ''New York Sun'', March 20, 2006.


== Guilty Plea and Incarceration ==
On ] ], Duke claimed on his ] radio show that ] was "the world's worst terrorist" and that ] was involved in the ]. The broadcast claimed that ] were behind the 9/11 in order to reduce sympathy for ] nations in the West, and that the number of Israelis killed in the attack was lower than it would be under normal circumstances, citing early assessments by '']'' and "the legendary involvement of Israeli nationals in businesses at the ]". According to Duke, this indicated that Israeli security services had prior knowledge of the attack.<ref></ref>
David Duke pleaded guilty to ] and ] in December 2002. Four months later Duke was sentenced to 15 months in prison for his crimes. He served the time in ]. He was also fined US $10,000, ordered to cooperate fully with the IRS, and to pay money still owed for his 1998 taxes. Following his release in ], Duke defended his public persona by announcing that his decision to plea guilty was motivated by the bias of ]s in ]. He claimed the charges were contrived to derail his political career and discredit him to his loyal ] followers.


Duke served 15 onths in prision for a six-year scheme to dupe thousands of his followers into contributing funds to the White Civil Rights cause. Through snail-mail, Duke later appealed to his supporters that he was about to lose his house and his life savings. Duke raised hundreds of thousands of dollars in this fraudulent campaign. It is alleged that Duke gambled away most of the funds he obtained, or used the money to pay off old debts related to gambling.
==Public appearances==
===Public address in ]===


The entire file of court documents related to this case can be found at ], a sister site of ]. It details the December 12, 2002 pleaded guilty to federal charges that he filed a false tax return and committed mail fraud.
On ], ], Duke visited ], addressing a rally, which was broadcast on Syrian television, and later giving an interview.<ref>, interview with David Duke on Syrian television, the Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI), November 25, 2005. Clip of the interview and of Duke's speech to a Syrian rally can be viewed .</ref> During the rally, he referred to ] as a "war-mongering country", adding that "], ] and ] and many other capitals of the world" are "occupied by the ]."<ref></ref>


After speaking to the Syrian people, Duke was interviewed where he remarked that Israel "makes the ] state look very, very moderate." Syrian parliament member Muhammad Habash replied that Duke's visit gave Syrians a "new and very positive view of the average American."<ref></ref> <ref></ref> <ref></ref>


== Works, Filmography, and Further Reading ==
===Comments in the media===

Since 2005 Duke has appeared three times on "Current Issues," a ]&ndash;based television show hosted and produced by Palestinian-American ], which has recently been picked up by Bridges TV. Tillawi afforded Duke the opportunity to discourse at length about his beliefs about Jewish supremacism. On the show in October 2005, Duke claimed that Jewish extremists are responsible for undermining the morality of America and are attempting to "wash the world in blood." <ref></ref>

After John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt's paper on ] appeared in March 2006, Duke praised the paper in a number of articles on his website, on his March 18 Live Web Radio Broadcast, and on ]'s March 21 '']'' program. <ref>, show transcript, ''MSNBC'', March 21 2006.</ref> According to the ], Duke said in an email, "It is quite satisfying to see a body in the premier American University essentially come out and validate every major point I have been making since even before the war even started." Duke added that "the task before us is to wrest control of America's foreign policy and critical junctures of media from the ] extremist ]s that seek to lead us into what they expectantly call World War IV."

Walt responded: "I have always found Mr. Duke's views reprehensible, and I am sorry he sees this article as consistent with his view of the world." <ref>Eli Lake, , ''New York Sun'', March 20, 2006.</ref>

{{section-stub}}

===Conferences===

Duke organized a gathering of "European Nationalists" who signed the ] on ], ]. The signatories agreed to avoid infighting among far-right ]s.

On ] ], Duke co-chaired a conference named "Zionism As the Biggest Threat to Modern Civilization" in Ukraine, sponsored by the Interregional Academy of Personnel Management (MAUP). The conference was attended by several notable Ukrainian public figures and politicians, and writer ] (accused of anti-Semitism by critics).

According to Duke, ] police thwarted an attempted assassination against him in ] ] while Duke was speaking in Sweden. An anonymous tip to a Swedish radio station led police to the discovery of a powerful explosive device hidden near the podium where Duke was to address a group of Swedish nationalists.<ref></ref>

On the weekend of ] 8-10, ], Duke attended as a speaker at the international "White World's Future" conference in ], which was coordinated and hosted by Pavel Tulaev.<ref></ref>

==Guilty plea and incarceration==

David Duke pleaded guilty to ] and ] in December 2002. Four months later Duke was sentenced to 15 months in prison, and he served the time in ]. He was also fined US ]10,000, ordered to cooperate fully with the ], and to pay money still owed for his 1998 taxes. Following his release in ], he stated publicly that his decision to take the plea bargain was motivated by the bias that he perceived in the ] and not his guilt. He claimed he felt the charges were contrived to derail his political career and discredit him to his followers, and that he took the safe route by pleading guilty and receiving a mitigated sentence, rather than pleading not guilty and potentially receiving the full sentence.

Duke was charged for what was described by ]s as a six-year scheme to dupe thousands of his followers by asking for ]s. Through snail-mail, Duke later appealed to his supporters that he was about to lose his house and his life savings. Allegedly, Duke raised hundreds of thousands of dollars in this campaign. However, prosecutors claim he had already sold his home at a hefty profit, had multiple investment accounts, and spent much of his money gambling at casinos.<ref></ref> <ref></ref> <ref></ref> <ref></ref>

The entire file of court documents related to this case can be found at ], a sister site of ]. <ref></ref> It details the ], ] guilty plea to federal charges that he filed a false tax return and committed mail fraud.<ref></ref>
<ref></ref>
<ref></ref>
<ref></ref>
<ref></ref>
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==References==
<div class=
"references-small">
<references/></div>

== Works, filmography, and further reading ==


* *
* Duke, David "Jewish Supremacism " (Free Speech Pr, 2003; 350 pages) ISBN 1-892796-05-8 * Duke, David "Jewish Supremacism " (Free Speech Pr, 2003; 350 pages) ISBN 1892796058
* Duke, David "My Awakening" (Free Speech Books, 1998; 736 pages) ISBN 1-892796-00-7 * Duke, David "My Awakening" (Free Speech Books, 1998; 736 pages) ISBN 1892796007
* David Duke on ] Inc. detailing filmography. * David Duke on ] Inc. detailing filmography.
* *
Line 172: Line 144:
* *
*"" Times-Picayune, New Orleans April 13, 2003 by John McQuaid, *"" Times-Picayune, New Orleans April 13, 2003 by John McQuaid,
*Web page with many articles by ex Klan leader]
*
* November 22, 2005. * November 22, 2005.
*Bridges, Tyler "The Rise of David Duke" (Mississippi University Press, 1995; 300 pages) ISBN 0-87805-678-5 *Bridges, Tyler "The Rise of David Duke" (Mississippi University Press, 1995; 300 pages) ISBN 0878056785
*Rose; Douglas D. ''The Emergence of David Duke and the Politics of Race'' University of North Carolina Press. 1992 *Rose; Douglas D. ''The Emergence of David Duke and the Politics of Race'' University of North Carolina Press. 1992
*Zatarain, Michael "David Duke: Evolution of a Klansman" (Pelican Publishing Company, 1990; Gretna, Louisiana; 304 pages) ISBN 0-88289-817-5 *Zatarain, Michael "David Duke: Evolution of a Klansman" (Pelican Publishing Company, 1990; Gretna, Louisiana; 304 pages) ISBN 0882898175

==References==





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Revision as of 10:02, 2 September 2006

File:David Duke2.jpg
David Duke

David Ernest Duke (born July 1, 1950) is a former Louisiana State Representative and former leader of the Ku Klux Klan.

He has made a number of unsuccessful political bids for higher office, including run for the Louisiana State House, Louisiana State Senate, United States Senate, United States House, governor of Louisiana and twice for president of the United States. In 2002 he pled guilty to tax evasion and fraud charges. He is a long-time New Orleans resident and the father of Erika and Kristin Duke.

Youth & Early Adulthood

David Duke was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma to David H. & Maxine Duke. As a Shell Oil engineer his fathers frequently moved his wife, David, and his sister Dotti to numerious locations around the world. The Duke's spent a short period of living in the Netherlands before they settled in Louisiana. Young David became interested in the white nationalist movement at an early age and joined the Klan in 1967. Duke went on to study at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge and in 1970, he formed a caucasian campus-group known as the White Youth Alliance. That same year, he made himself known even more by demonstrating in swastika regalia to protest William Kunstler's appearance at Tulane University, LA. He was involved in the campus ROTC, until he was kicked out due to his radical beliefs. In 1971, he went to Laos to teach English to Laotian military officers and serve on cargo flights for Air America over the course of ten weeks.

Duke returned to LSU, graduating in 1974. He became notorious on campus for wearing a Nazi uniform, Ku Klux Klan apparel, and swastika paraphernalia while picketing and holding parties on the anniversary of the birth of Adolf Hitler. The year of his graduation, he was elected Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. He attracted attention for trying to modernize the Klan and turn it into a modern nationalist political force. For example, he changed the title of 'Grand Wizard' to 'National Director' and sported a conservative suit as opposed to the traditional white robe.

Using the pseudonym Dorothy Vanderbilt, Dr. Duke published a self-help book for women titled Finders-Keepers in 1976. The publication gives advice to women regarding vaginal exercises, fellatio, anal sex, and anilingus . The manual is no longer in print and hard to find, however Times-Picayune, a local Mississippi newspaper, managed to find a copy and trace the trail of it’s proceeds to the original author via the publisher.

In the early 1980s, he was heavily involved in gambling and stock market investments, which were covered by the Times-Picayune, as well as by others. Columbia Journalism Review, THE PICAYUNE CATCHES UP WITH DAVID DUKE Attitudes of Mississippi college students toward David Duke before and after seeing the film 'Who Is David Duke?' The Nation, Republicanizing the Race Card

In the latter years of the 1980s, Duke sought to revamp his appearance by undergoing plastic surgery, and also shaved off his moustache following his election to the Louisiana House of Representatives.

In 1984 David Duke and wife Chloe Hardin were divorced. Hardin then moved to West Palm Beach, Florida to be closer to her family. There she became involved with Duke’s childhood friend, Don Black, whom she married several years later.

Political Career

In 1976, Duke sought a seat in the Louisiana State Senate as a Democrat. In 1988, he ran in the Democratic Party primary for President of the United States. After a dismal showing in the Democratic primaries, he appeared on many state ballots as the nominee of the Populist Party and received approximately 25,000 votes in the 1988 general election.

  • Challenging John Treen

In 1989, he ran as a Republican for a seat representing Metairie in the Louisiana State House of Representatives. He defeated fellow Republican John Treen, the brother of David Treen, the first Republican to be elected governor of Louisiana since Reconstruction, by a narrow margin of 51-49 percent. Duke's victory came despite visits to the district in support of John Treen's candidacy by President George H.W. Bush, former President Ronald Reagan, and other GOP notables.

  • Challenging Senator J. Bennett Johnston, Jr.

In 1990, Duke challenged incumbent Democratic Senator Bennett Johnston in the open primary as a Republican and received 44 percent of the vote, including more than 60 percent of the white vote, according to exit polls. Johnston was able to win re-election (and thus avoid a direct run-off with Duke) by receiving 53 percent of the vote. The endorsed Republican party candidate, State Senator Ben Baggert of New Orleans, who had been supported by the Virginia Republican leader Oliver North, withdrew from the race two days before the vote. Distressed national Republican officials had anticipated Baggert losing and fragmenting Johnston's support; so funding for Baggert's campaign was halted, and he dropped out though his name remained on the ballot. "Louisiana Republican Quits, Reducing Duke's Chances", Washington Post, October 5, 1990. Republican Senator John C. Danforth of Missouri openly endorsed Democrat Johnston.

  • Challenging Edwin Edwards & Buddy Roemer

Duke ran for governor as a Republican Party candidate, despite getting an official reproval (letter expressing the GOP's disdain for Duke's activities) from that party. In the open primary, Duke was second to former governor Edwin Washington Edwards in votes; thus he faced Edwards in a runoff. Duke received 32 percent of the vote in that initial round, pushing incumbent Republican Buddy Roemer down to third place with 27 percent of the vote, effectively defeating Roemer's bid for re-election. The election garnered national media attention. While Duke had a small hard-core constituency of devoted admirers, many others in Louisiana voted for him as a "protest vote", in order to register dissatisfaction with Louisiana's establishment politicians.

Between the primary and the runoff, technically called the "general election" under Louisiana's primary (in which all candidates run on one ballot, regardless of party), Duke enjoyed the peak of his notoriety. White supremacist and far-right organizations from around the country contributed to his campaign fund.

When a reporter asked Edwards what he needed to do to triumph over Duke, Edwards replied with a smile, "Stay alive." Duke lost the election by a wide margin. Edwards polled 1,057,031 (61.2 percent). Duke's 671,009 votes represented 38.8 percent of the total. Duke claimed, "I won my constituency. I won 55 percent of the white vote." In actuality, Duke had done little better in percent terms than the first major Republican gubernatorial candidate in modern Louisiana history, Charlton Lyons, had done in 1964.

  • Challenging Mary Landrieu

In 1996, Duke ran again for the U.S. Senate, when Johnston announced his retirement. He polled 141,489 votes (11.5 percent). Republican former state representative Louis Woody Jenkins of Baton Rouge and Democrat Mary Landrieu of New Orleans, the former state treasurer, went into the general election contest. Landrieu was declared the winner by some 4,000 votes. Duke's supporters are believed to have supported Jenkins.

  • Challenging Bobby Jindal as a Campaign Manager

In 2004 Duke’s bodyguard, roommate, and longtime associate by the name of Roy Armstrong made a bid for the United States House of Representatives to serve Louisiana's First Congressional District. Armstrong lost the election handily to Bobby Jindal, an Indian-American despite Duke acting as the head campaign advisor.

Affiliations

  • Knights of the Ku Klux Klan

In 1974 David Duke reinvented the Ku Klux Klan shortly after graduating LSU, Duke covered his swastika with a Klan robe and founded the Louisiana-based Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. He first came to broad public attention during this time: the young Imperial Wizard successfully marketed himself in the mid-1970s as a new brand of Klansman – well-groomed, engaged, professional: the Klan leader as a corporate manager. And as a progressive: for the first time in the group’s history, women were accepted as equal members and Catholics were encouraged to apply for membership.

In 1978, he left the Klan and two years later formed the National Association for the Advancement of White People (NAAWP). In 1987, he conducted a direct-mail appeal using the identity and mailing-list of the Forsyth County Defense League, in Georgia, without permission, which League officials described as a fund-raising "scam" (detailed in The Rise of David Duke by Tyler Bridges).

On May 20, 2004 the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People became outraged when it discovered that David Duke had chosen New Orleans to host his International NAAWP Conference during the NAACP's Big Easy Rally to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education
  • E.U.R.O.

Duke is the president of the European-American Unity and Rights Organization and remains a political activist against affirmative action, Zionist interests, and Hate Crime laws to protects [[Caucasians from minorities, as well as non-European immigration into the United States. Duke has gained an audience in Ukraine and the Arab world for his ideologies opposing Jews and Zionism. EURO, previously titled N.O.F.E.A.R., the National Organization for European-American Rights, which faced legal challenges by fashion company No Fear Inc.. This forced Duke to change find a name for his organization without a preexisting copyright.

  • Ernst Zündel & The Zundelsite

David Duke has expressed his support for Ernst Zündel and his Holocaust Denial campaign. Duke believes the Holocaust was a hoax designed to draw international sympathy for people of the Jewish faith. Currently, Duke expresses concern for the aging Zündel on his website calling him a "political prisoner" after Zündel was deported from Canada to Germany. Zündel is being held in a German prision on charges of defaming the dead, in this case, the 6,000,000 victims of the Holocaust.

  • Interregional Academy of Personnel Management

In September 2005 Duke received a Ph.D. title in History from Interregional Academy of Personnel Management or MAUP. His doctoral thesis was titled "Zionism as a Form of Ethnic Supremacism" . This was the Ukrainian private university from which Duke had previously received a honorary doctorate. MAUP's "anti-Semitic actions" were "strongly condemned" by Foreign Minister of Ukraine Borys Tarasyuk and various Civil Rights organizations. To date, Dr. Duke is a Professor of Racialism at MAUP. , , ,

David Duke's Commentary & Publications

  • "My Awakening"

Duke's first book was published under the title "My Awakening" drawing "parallels" to Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf. "My Awakening" details Duke's reasoning behind racial segregation along with various other philosophies related to Duke's perspective he refers to as the "truth" about peoples of African descent, Jews, homosexuals, immigrants, and women.

  • "Jewish Supremacism"

In 2000 David Duke published in Russia his latest controversial book: Jewish Supremacism: My Awakening on the Jewish Question. While the book's title leads one to believe it is a continuation of his first autobiographical work, the book instead purports to be a collection of historical documents that detail religious beliefs of Jewish conspiracies since antiquity. The book is dedicated to Israel Shahak, a controversial writer, who was an ardent critic of what he saw as supremacist religious teachings in modern Jewish culture. Duke denies the book is motivated by anti-Semitism.

  • Stormfront.com

In 1995, Don Black (nationalist) and Chloe Hardin, Duke's Ex-Wife, began a small bulletin board service or BBS by the name Stormfront. Today, Stormfront has become the premier online forum for White Supremacy and White Nationalism. Don Black's Stormfront and David Duke's personal website are in alliance, frequently distribute the same information among sites. David Duke has worked with Don Black (nationalist) on numerous projects including Operation Red Dog in 1980.

  • Davidduke.com

On February 5 2002, Duke claimed on his Internet radio show that Ariel Sharon was "the world's worst terrorist" and that Mossad was involved in the 9/11 attacks. The broadcast claimed that Zionists were behind the 9/11 in order to reduce sympathy for Muslim nations in the West, and claimed that the number of Israelis killed in the attack was lower than it would be under normal circumstances, citing early assessments by The Jerusalem Post and "the legendary involvement of Israeli nationals in businesses at the World Trade Center". According to Duke, this indicated that Israeli security services had prior knowledge of the attack. This conspiracy theory lacks substantial factual support and is widely disputed by the American public.

On November 24, 2005, Duke visited Syria, addressing a rally, which was broadcast on Syrian television, and later giving an interview. "American White Supremacist David Duke: Israel Makes the Nazi State Look Very Moderate", interview with David Duke on Syrian television, the Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI), November 25, 2005. Clip of the interview and of Duke's speech to a Syrian rally can be viewed here. During the rally, he referred to Israel as a "war-mongering country", adding that "Washington, New York and London and many other capitals of the world" are "occupied by the Zionists."

After speaking to the Syrian people, Duke was interviewed where he remarked that Israel "makes the Nazi state look very, very moderate." Syrian parliament member Muhammad Habash replied that Duke’s visit gave Syrians a "new and very positive view of the average American."

  • Duke and the Media

Since 2005 Duke has appeared three times on "Current Issues," a Lafayette, Louisiana–based television show hosted and produced by Palestinian-American Hesham Tillawi, which has recently been picked up by Bridges TV. Tillawi afforded Duke the opportunity to discourse at length about his beliefs about 'Jewish supremacism'. On the show in October 2005, Duke also added that Jews are responsible for undermining the morality of America and are attempting to "wash the world in blood."

  • Duke finds support from unlikely sources

After John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt's paper on The Israel Lobby appeared in March 2006, David Duke praised the paper in a number of articles on his website, on his March 18 Live Web Radio Broadcast, and on MSNBC's March 21 Scarborough Country program.'Scarborough Country' for March 21, show transcript, MSNBC, March 21 2006.According to the New York Sun, Duke said in an email, "It is quite satisfying to see a body in the premier American University essentially come out and validate every major point I have been making since even before the war even started." Duke added that "the task before us is to wrest control of America's foreign policy and critical junctures of media from the Jewish extremist Neocons that seek to lead us into what they expectantly call World War IV."

Stephen Walt responded,
"I have always found Mr. Duke's views reprehensible,
and I am sorry he sees this article as consistent with
his view of the world." Eli Lake, David Duke Claims to Be Vindicated By a Harvard Dean, New York Sun, March 20, 2006.

Guilty Plea and Incarceration

David Duke pleaded guilty to tax evasion and mail fraud in December 2002. Four months later Duke was sentenced to 15 months in prison for his crimes. He served the time in Big Spring, Texas. He was also fined US $10,000, ordered to cooperate fully with the IRS, and to pay money still owed for his 1998 taxes. Following his release in May 2004, Duke defended his public persona by announcing that his decision to plea guilty was motivated by the bias of Zionists in United States federal court system. He claimed the charges were contrived to derail his political career and discredit him to his loyal White Nationalist followers.

Duke served 15 onths in prision for a six-year scheme to dupe thousands of his followers into contributing funds to the White Civil Rights cause. Through snail-mail, Duke later appealed to his supporters that he was about to lose his house and his life savings. Duke raised hundreds of thousands of dollars in this fraudulent campaign. It is alleged that Duke gambled away most of the funds he obtained, or used the money to pay off old debts related to gambling.

The entire file of court documents related to this case can be found at The Smoking Gun, a sister site of Court TV. It details the December 12, 2002 pleaded guilty to federal charges that he filed a false tax return and committed mail fraud.

Works, Filmography, and Further Reading

References

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