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Tencent Holdings Limited

Native name	腾讯控股有限公司
Company type	Public
Traded as	SEHK: 700
ISIN	KYG875721634
Industry	Internet
Founded	November 11, 1998; 26 years ago (1998-11-11)
Founder	Ma Huateng Zhang Zhidong Xu Chenye Chen Yidan Zeng Liqing
Headquarters	Grand Cayman , China
Number of locations	Shenzhen, China (general office) Cayman Islands (registered office)
Area served	Worldwide (mainly Greater China)
Key people	Ma Huateng (Core Founder, Chairman & CEO) Martin Lau (President)
Products	Social networks, instant messaging, mass media, web portals, e-commerce, web browser, Antivirus software and multiplayer online games
Services	Online services
Revenue	CN¥151.938 billion (2016)
Operating income	CN¥56.117 billion (2016)
Net income	CN¥41.447 billion (2016)
Total assets	CN¥395.899 billion (2016)
Total equity	CN¥186.247 billion (2016)
Number of employees	31,557 (Oct 2016)
Subsidiaries	Riot Games Supercell (84.3%)
Website	tencent.com

Template:Contains Chinese text

Tencent Holdings Limited (Chinese: 腾讯控股有限公司; pinyin: Téngxùn Kònggǔ Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī; lit. 'Soaring information'; SEHK: 700) is a Chinese investment holding company whose subsidiaries provide media, entertainment, payment systems, internet and mobile phone value-added services and operate online advertising services in China. Its headquarters are in Nanshan District, Shenzhen.

Tencent is one of the largest Internet companies, as well as the largest gaming company in the world. Its many services include social network, web portals, e-commerce, mobile games and multiplayer online games. Offerings in China include the well-known instant messenger Tencent QQ and one of the largest web portals, QQ.com. Mobile chat service WeChat has helped bolster Tencent's continued expansion into smartphone services. Tencent holds 15% stake of JD.com, one of the largest B2C online retailers in China.

In April 13, 2015, the market value of Tencent exceeded US$200 billion for the first time, hitting US$206 billion. On September 8, 2015, Tencent became the largest Internet company in Asia by value after Alibaba Group Holding Limited suffered a major drop ($141 billion over 10 months) in its share value.

In April 2017, Tencent surpassed Wells Fargo and became the 10th largest publicly traded company in the world, with its market value hitting US$279 billion.

History

1998-2010: Founding, growth

Tencent was founded by Ma Huateng, Zhang Zhidong, Xu Chenye, Chen Yidan and Zeng Liqing in November 1998 as Tencent Inc. Incorporated in the Cayman Islands, initial funding was provided to it by venture capitalists. In Feb 1999, Tencent's iconic messenger product OICQ released. Shortly after, Tencent had its name changed to QQ; this was said to be due to a lawsuit threat from ICQ and its owner AOL. The company remained unprofitable for the first three years. South African media company Naspers purchased a 46% share of Tencent in 2001. (As of 2014, it owns 34%.) Tencent Holding Ltd was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on 16 June 2004, and it was added as a Hang Seng Index Constituent Stock in 2008. The company originally derived income solely from advertising and premium users of QQ, who pay monthly fees to receive added extras. But by 2005, charging for use of QQ mobile, its cellular value-added service, and licensing its iconic penguin character, which could be found on snack food and clothing, had also become income generators. By 2008, Tencent was seeing profit growth from the sale of virtual goods. While Tencent's services have included online gaming since 2004, around 2007-2008 it rapidly increased its offerings by licensing games. While least two, CrossFire and Dungeon Fighter Online, were originally produced by South Korean game developers, Tencent now makes its own games.

2011-2014: Early investments

On February 18, 2011, Tencent acquired a majority equity interest (92.78%) in Riot Games, developer of League of Legends, for about USD 230 million. Tencent had already held 22.34% of the equity interest out of a previous investment in 2008. On the 16th December 2015, Riot Games sold its remaining equity to Tencent Holdings. Tencent acquired a minority stake in Epic Games, developer of franchises like Unreal, Gears of War and Infinity Blade, in June 2012. Tencent in 2013 increased its stake in Kingsoft Network Technology, a subsidiary of Kingsoft Corporation, to 18%. Tencent previously had a 15.68% stake in the company and raised the stake through a USD 46.98 million investment. Tencent took part in Activision Blizzard splitting from Vivendi as a passive investor in 2013 and now owns about 5% of the shares as of 2016. On September 17, 2013, it was announced that Tencent had invested $448 million for a minority share in Chinese search engine Sogou.com, the subsidiary of Sohu, Inc.

On January 15, 2014, Tencent said it will invest HKD 1.5 billion (USD 193.45 million) in logistics and warehouse firm China South City Holdings Ltd to develop its e-commerce and logistics business. On February 27, 2014, Tencent purchased a 20-percent stake in restaurant ratings and group buying website Dianping for $400 million. On March 10, 2014, Tencent bought a 15 percent stake in Chinese e-commerce website JD.com Inc. by paying cash and handing over its e-commerce businesses Paipai, QQ Wanggou and a stake in Yixun to JD.com to build a stronger competitor to Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. On May 22, 2014, JD.com got listed on NASDAQ and Tencent expanded its stake in the company to 17.43% on a fully diluted basis by investing an additional USD 1,325 million. On March 27, 2014, it was announced that Tencent had agreed to pay about $500 million for a 28 percent stake in South Korea’s CJ Games. On June 27, 2014, Tencent announced that it had agreed to buy a 19.9 percent stake in Chinese e-commerce website 58.com (WUBA) Inc. for $736 million. On April 17, 2015, Tencent announced it has bought an additional $400 million worth of shares, rising its stake in the company to about 25%. On October 16, 2014, via its wholly held subsidiary Hongze Lake Investment Ltd, Tencent announced that it had bought a 7% stake in lottery technology firm China LotSynergy Holdings Ltd for HKD 445.5 million (USD 57.4 million). On October 23, 2014, Tencent pitched in $145 million for a 10 percent stake in Koudai Gouwu, a Chinese mobile shopping portal. In November 2014, the company announced a deal with HBO which would give it exclusive rights for distribution in China. On December 9, 2014, Chinese taxi-hailing app Didi Dache announced that it had raised more than $700 million in a funding round led by Tencent and Singaporean state investment firm Temasek Holdings.

2015-2017: Recent investments

On January 30, 2015, Tencent announced that it had signed a USD 700 million deal with the National Basketball Association to stream American basketball games in China. Later that year, Chinese automaker BYD became the chief corporate sponsor for Tencent's NBA broadcasts. On February 27, 2015, Tencent announced that it had acquired a minority stake in Robot Entertainment, the developer of the Orcs Must Die! series. On April 29, 2015, Tencent acquired a minority stake in Glu Mobile, paying USD 126 million for 14.6 percent of the company. On May 13, 2015, Tencent acquired a minority stake in mobile developer Pocket Gems, acquiring 20 percent of the company for the price of USD 60 million. On June 21, 2016 Tencent announced a deal to acquire 84.3% of Supercell with USD 8.6 billion

In July 2016, Tencent acquired a majority stake in China Music Corporation. In 2016, Tencent, together with Foxconn and luxury-car dealer Harmony New Energy Auto founded Future Mobility, a car startup that aims to sell all-electric fully autonomous premium cars in 2020. On March 28, 2017, Tesla, Inc. announced Tencent had purchased a 5% stake in Tesla for USD 1.78 billion. The Wall Street Journal at the time called Tencent China's "most valuable company."

Game development

Starting in 2016, Tencent develops video gaming console dubbed TGP (Tencent Gaming Platform) Box. The TGP BOX is called the Blade. It is an Intel- powered console running Windows 10 and a TGP Box mode. So far, the TGP console has imported many Tencent games, such as League of Legends, FIFA Online 3, NBA 2K, Monster Hunter, Need for Speed, etc. Tencent hopes to bring lots of third-party developed games.

Branching out from messaging products, Tencent's first game was QQ Tang (QQ堂) in 2004. This was soon followed QQ YinSu (QQ音速) in 2006, QQ SanGuo(QQ三国) in 2007. In 2011, Tencent started hosting the game League of Legends.

Virtual goods

Tencent sells virtual goods for use in their MMOs, its IM client, social networking sites, and for mobile phones. Income from the sale of virtual goods was a large proportion of Tencent's revenue in 2009.

Tencent's online currency, Q Coins, can be used to purchase virtual goods. These range from the offbeat, such as virtual pets and the virtual clothing, jewelry, and cosmetics needed to customize online-game avatars, to the more mundane, such as more storage space, wallpapers, bigger photo albums, and ring tones.

Locations

Tencent's headquarters are located in the Southern Hi-Tech Park District (新科技园 xīnkējìyuán) in Nanshan District, Shenzhen. Other sites include a 48,000 square meter compound that houses an R&D center in the Chengdu Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, a data and R&D center in Tianjin's Binhai Service Outsourcing Industry Park that is expected to be finished by June 2013, and also some 17,646 square meters of Shanghai office space purchased through a subsidiary, Tencent Cyber (Tianjin), and located in the Shanghai Modern Technology Services Community Zone.

Apple and Spotify are facing threat from Tencent, especially in South-East Asia. Also, Tencent is expanding aggressively in India.

The above list of locations is not exhaustive.

Products and services

Tencent offers a diverse mix of services and counts both consumers and businesses as customers.

iTQQ

China's first "smart interactive television service" and a joint effort with TCL.

Multiplayer online games

Tencent used to offer a number of online, multiplayer games through its game portal QQ Games.

These massively multiplayer online games include Call of Duty Online, a Massively multiplayer online game that consists of previous Call of Duty titles with added content; Dungeon Fighter Online, a side-scrolling online fighting game; QQ Fantasy, a 2D online game that incorporates elements from Chinese mythology; Xunxian, a 3D, online RPG; QQ Three Kingdoms, an online casual role playing game set during the historical three kingdoms period; QQ Huaxia, an online RPG; QQ Dancer, an online musical dancing game that offers QQ IM interactivity; QQ Nanaimo, an online game set on a desert island where players maintain houses and pets; QQ Speed, a casual online racing game; QQ R2Beat, an online in-line skating game; QQ Tang, an "advanced casual game" with gameplay derived from Chinese literature; QQ PET, a QQ IM-based desktop virtual pet game and three online first-person shooters; War of Zombie, CrossFire and AVA.

In 2017, April 21, Tencent announced the rebranding of it's Chinese 'Tencent game platform' as WeGame, which will be going global in July 2017

Music distribution

In 2014, Tencent established exclusive in-China distribution agreements with several large music producers, including Sony, Warner Music Group and YG Entertainment.

PaiPai.com

Launched on March 13, 2006, PaiPai.com (Chinese: 拍拍二手; pinyin: pāi pāi èr shǒu) was a C2C auction site. It was shut down on April 1, 2016 and the site redirects to JD.com.

QQ instant messenger

Launched in February 1999, and Tencent's most notable product, QQ is one of the most popular instant messaging platforms in its home market. As of December 31, 2010, there were 647.6 million active Tencent QQ IM user accounts, making Tencent QQ the world's largest online community at the time. The number of QQ accounts connected simultaneously has, at times, exceeded 100 million.

While the IM service is free, as of 2006 a fee was being charged for mobile messaging.

QQ International

An English version of QQ that allows communication with mainland accounts, QQi is available for Windows and Mac OSX.

QQLive

A peer-to-peer distribution platform for streaming media.

QQ Show

An avatar-based social platform like Cyworld, QQ Show facilitates purchasing virtual goods to outfit avatars, which can also be used with QQ IM.

QQ Player

In 2008, Tencent released a media player, available for free download, under the name QQ Player.

Qzone

A social networking service, which as of 2008 became one of the largest in China.

SOSO

Launched in March 2006, this search engine's name sounds like "搜搜", or "search search" in Chinese. It was a Chinese partner of Google, using AdWords.

Tencent Pictures

Tencent Pictures (Chinese: 腾讯影业) is a Chinese film production company owned by Tencent. It has created film based on books, comic books, animated series and video games.

Tencent Traveler

Abbreviated "TT" (TencentTraveler), this web browser developed by Tencent is based on Trident and was the third most-used browser in China c. 2008.

Tencent Weibo

A Chinese microblogging service, Tencent Weibo competes with Sina Weibo.

Tencent Weiyun

A cloud storage service that offers 10 GB of free storage (until Jan 16, 2017 it was 1 TB ). It is available in English and Chinese, currently free version in Chinese only. Requires an SMS phone number for verification of account registration.

TenPay

An online payment system similar to PayPal, it supports B2B, B2C, and C2C payments. In some Chinese cities individuals can use TenPay for utility payments and to refill their public transport cards. Co-branded credit cards are available, and credit card bills can also be paid using the service. Offline recharging of your TenPay account is possible, as the company sends employees to collect customer money in person.

WeChat

WeChat is a social mobile application with voice and text messaging, timeline, and several social features like drift a bottle. It is the most popular social mobile application in China and some overseas Chinese communities, for instance, Malaysia. It's likely to expand abroad in the future.

Subsidiaries

Tencent has at least four wholly foreign owned enterprises and nearly twenty subsidiaries.

Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Co Ltd

A software development unit that has created, among others, Tencent Traveler and later versions of QQ IM, as well as some mobile software. This subsidiary is located at the Southern District of Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen. It also holds a number of patents related to instant messaging and massively multiplayer online game gaming.

Controversy

Copying claims

Many of Tencent's software and services are remarkably similar to those of competitors. The founder and chairman, Huateng "Pony Ma" Ma, famously said, " copy is not evil." A former CEO and President of SINA.com, Wang Zhidong, said, "Pony Ma is a notorious king of copying." Jack Ma of Alibaba Group stated, "the problem in Tencent is no innovation; all things are copies."

As of 2009, the company holds 400 patents.

Anti-malware software cheating allegations

In 2015, security testing firms AV-Comparatives, AV-TEST and Virus Bulletin jointly decided to remove Tencent from their software whitelists. The Tencent products supplied for testing were found to contain optimizations that made the software appear less exploitable when benchmarked but actually provided greater scope for delivering exploits. Additionally, software settings were detrimental to end-users protection if used. Qihoo was later also accused of cheating, while Tencent was accused of actively gaming the anti-malware tests.

See also

• Tencent Video
• Tencent QQ
• Tencent Weibo
• Pengyou
• Qzone
• List of virtual communities with more than 100 million users

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External links

• Official website
• Tencent Holdings Limited

v t e League of Legends
Riot Games, Tencent, Esports
World Championship	2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 (finals) 2020 2021 2022 (finals) 2023 2024 (finals) 2025
Mid-Season Invitational	2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
First Stand	2025
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Music	Pentakill "Warriors" "Legends Never Die" "Masterpiece" K/DA "Pop/Stars" All Out "The Baddest" "More" Arcane League of Legends "Enemy" "Everything Goes On" "Star Walkin'" "Heavy Is the Crown" "Ma meilleure ennemie"
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Other	List of League of Legends media Arcane Gothus teemo
The 2020 Mid-Season Invitational was cancelled and replaced by the 2020 Mid-Season Streamathon due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

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v t e Major Chinese Web portals Baidu.com NetEase Phoenix TV Sina.com Sohu.com Tencent TOM Online R&C Media Group, Inc v t e Constituents of Hang Seng Index Finance HSBC Hang Seng Bank Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing China Construction Bank AIA Group Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Ping An Insurance Bank of China (Hong Kong) China Life Insurance Company China Merchants Bank Bank of China Utilities CLP Group The Hong Kong and China Gas Company Power Assets Holdings China Resources Power CK Infrastructure Holdings ENN Energy Properties Henderson Land Development Sun Hung Kai Properties New World Development Hang Lung Properties China Overseas Land and Investment Link REIT Longfor Properties China Resources Land CK Asset Holdings China Resources Mixc Lifestyle Wharf Real Estate Investment Company Country Garden Commerce and Industry CK Hutchison Holdings Galaxy Entertainment Group MTR Corporation Geely Auto Alibaba Health CITIC Limited WH Group China Resources Beer Orient Overseas (International) Limited Tingyi Sinopec Techtronic Industries Tencent China Unicom PetroChina Xinyi Glass Zhongsheng Group CNOOC Limited China Mobile Xinyi Solar Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation Lenovo Hengan International China Shenhua Energy CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Sinopharm Group Sino Biopharmaceutical Limited BYD Company China Hongqiao Group Xiaomi Budweiser Brewing Company APAC Sands China Chow Tai Fook Li Auto Anta Sports WuXi Biologics Shenzhou International Mengniu Dairy Li-Ning WuXi AppTec Sunny Optical Zijin Mining Meituan Hansoh Pharmaceutical JD Health Haier Haidilao JD.com Nongfu Spring Baidu Trip.com Group Alibaba Group NetEase v t e Constituents of Hang Seng China 50 Index Agricultural Bank of China Alibaba Group Baidu Bank of China Bank of Communications BYD Company CATL China Construction Bank China Life Insurance Company China Merchants Bank China Mobile China Pacific Insurance Company China Shenhua Energy CITS Group Corporation China Yangtze Power CITIC Securities CNOOC Limited Foshan Haitian Flavouring & Food Co Great Wall Motor Gree Electric Hikvision ICBC Industrial Bank JD.com Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Kuaishou Kweichow Moutai LONGi Luxshare Meituan Midea Group Mindray Muyuan Foodstuff NetEase Nongfu Spring PetroChina Ping An Bank Ping An Insurance Postal Savings Bank of China SF Express Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Shanxi Xinghuacun Fen Wine Factory Sinopec Tencent Vanke Wanhua Chemical Group Wuliangye Yibin WuXi AppTec Xiaomi Yihai Kerry v t e Web browsers Features standards protocols Features Bookmarks Extensions Privacy mode Web standards HTML v5 CSS DOM JavaScript WebAssembly Web storage IndexedDB WebGL WebGPU Protocols HTTP Encryption Cookies third-party OCSP WebRTC WebSocket Active Blink-based Proprietary Google Chrome Arc Avast Coc Coc Comodo Epic Maxthon Microsoft Edge Opera (Mobile) Puffin QQ Samsung Silk Sleipnir SRWare UC Vivaldi Whale Yandex FOSS Chromium Brave Dooble Falkon Otter Supermium ungoogled Gecko-based Firefox Floorp GNU IceCat LibreWolf Midori SlimBrowser Tor Zen Gecko forks Basilisk K-Meleon Pale Moon SeaMonkey Waterfox WebKit-based Safari GNOME Web iCab Orion Multi-engine 360 DuckDuckGo Konqueror Lunascape NetFront qutebrowser Other eww Flow Ladybird Links Lynx NetSurf Opera Mini w3m Discontinued Blink-based Beaker Citrio Flock Redcore Rockmelt SalamWeb Sputnik Torch Gecko-based Beonex Camino Classilla Conkeror Firefox Lite Galeon Ghostzilla IceDragon Kazehakase Kylo Lotus MicroB Minimo Mozilla suite PirateBrowser Pogo Strata Swiftfox Swiftweasel TenFourFox Timberwolf xB MSHTML-based Internet Explorer AOL Deepnet GreenBrowser MediaBrowser NeoPlanet NetCaptor SpaceTime ZAC WebKit-based Arora BOLT Dolphin Fluid Google TV Iris Mercury Nokia Symbian OmniWeb Opera Coast Origyn QtWeb Shiira Steel surf Uzbl WebPositive xombrero Other abaco Amaya Arachne Arena Blazer Cake Charon CM Deepfish Dillo Edge Legacy ELinks Gazelle HotJava IBM Home Page Reader IBM WebExplorer IBrowse Internet Explorer for Mac KidZui Line Mode Mosaic MSN TV NetPositive Netscape Skweezer Skyfire ThunderHawk Vision WinWAP WorldWideWeb Category Comparisons List v t e Content aggregators Client software Standalone Akregator BlogBridge Feedreader Flipboard Genieo Google Currents Google News Liferea NetNewsWire Newsbeuter NewsFire QuiteRSS RSS Bandit RSS Guard RSSOwl Seesmic Web browsers AOL Explorer Basilisk Camino iCab Chrome (Android) Firefox Flock GNOME Web Internet Explorer K-Meleon Kazehakase Maxthon Microsoft Edge Netscape Browser Netscape Navigator 9 OmniWeb Opera Otter Browser Pale Moon Safari SeaMonkey Shiira Sleipnir Tencent Traveler Vivaldi Waterfox Email clients Apple Mail Claws Mail Gnus HCL Domino Microsoft Outlook Mozilla Thunderbird Netscape Messenger 9 Opera Mail Pegasus Mail The Bat! Windows Live Mail Zimbra Plugins Cooliris Sage Web apps or mobile apps Bloglines CommaFeed Daylife Digg Reader Drupal Feedbin Feedly FriendFeed Google News Google Reader iGoogle dotCMS Imooty.eu Inoreader LinkedIn Pulse Magnolia My Yahoo! News360 NewsBlur Newsknowledge Netvibes Pageflakes Planet Rojo.com Prismatic Spokeo The Old Reader Tiny Tiny RSS TweetDeck WebGUI Windows Live Personalized Experience winnowTag Media aggregators Podcast client Adobe Media Player Akregator Amarok Flock Apple Podcasts Juice MediaMonkey Miro Rhythmbox Songbird Winamp Zune RSS + BitTorrent BitLord BitTorrent 6 Deluge Miro Opera Mail qBittorrent Tribler μTorrent Vuze Related articles Comparison of feed aggregators History of media aggregation RSS enclosure Italics indicate discontinued software. v t e Video hosting services in China 56.com AcFun bilibili CNTV Huya Live iQIYI PPS.tv Le (LeTV) Mango TV PPTV Sina Video Sohu Video Tencent Video (QQ) Tudou Xigua Video Youku v t e File hosting services Active Accellion Backblaze Baidu Wangpan Box Cryptee CloudMe DocuWare Dropbox GameFront Google Drive IBM Connections iCloud Drive Jumpshare Livedrive MediaFire Mega Nextcloud Microsoft OneDrive Proton Drive Resilio Sync Seafile ShareFile SpiderOak SugarSync Syncthing Tencent Weiyun TitanFile Tresorit WeTransfer Yandex Disk Inactive Amazon Drive Drop.io FileServe Firefox Send Hotfile Humyo i-drive iDisk LIBOX Library.nu Megaupload Norton Zone Peer Impact Pogoplug RapidShare SteekR Twango Ubuntu One Wuala Xdrive Yahoo! 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• Hang Seng China 50 Index
• 1998 establishments in China
• Chinese brands
• Companies based in Shenzhen
• Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange
• FTP clients
• Companies in the Hang Seng Index
• Holding companies established in 1998
• Internet properties established in 1998
• Nanshan District, Shenzhen
• Online companies
• Online service providers
• Civilian-run enterprises of China
• RSS
• Software companies of China
• Tencent Holdings
• Video game companies of China
• Video game development companies
• Video game publishers
• Web portals
• Windows web browsers
• Multinational companies headquartered in China
• Offshore companies in the Cayman Islands