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| {{Infobox Palestinian Authority muni | {{Infobox Palestinian Authority muni | ||
| |name=Einabus | |name=Einabus | ||
| |image= | |image=EinabusQabalan2377.JPG | ||
| |caption= In the front, beneath the telephone cable, is mount 725, an illegal ] of ]. Beneath it, crossed by the telephone cable, is Einabus. Covering most of the farther area is the municipality of ]. Behing the right side of Qabalan is ], and behind it is ]. Behind the middle of Qabalan is ]. | |||
| |caption= | |||
| |arname=عينابوس | |arname=عينابوس | ||
| |meaning="The spring of Abus"<ref>Palmer, 1881, p. </ref> | |meaning="The spring of Abus"<ref>Palmer, 1881, p. </ref> | ||
| Line 20: | Line 20: | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Einabus''' ({{lang-ar|عينابوس}}) is a ] village in the northern ], located 12 kilometers (7 miles) south of ] and a part of the ]. Nearby towns include ] and ] to the east and ] to the south.<ref name="EVC"> Einabus Village Council.</ref> | '''Einabus''' ({{lang-ar|عينابوس}}) is a ] village in the northern ], located 12 kilometers (7 miles) south of ] and a part of the ]. Nearby towns include ] and ] to the east and ] to the south.<ref name="EVC"> Einabus Village Council.</ref> | ||
| ==Location== | |||
| ‘Einabus is located 8.23km south of ]. It is bordered by ] to the east, ] to the north, ‘Urif and ] to the west, and Jamma’in and Huwwara to the south.<ref>, ], p. 4 </ref> | |||
| ==Archaeology== | ==Archaeology== | ||
| Line 29: | Line 31: | ||
| Settlement at Einabus' site dates back to the ] era, however the village's inhabitants are descended Arab tribes that migrated to the area during the ] rule of ].<ref>, ARIJ</ref> The village's old ] was built during that time and is dedicated to ]. Until today, olives and figs remain primary sources of income for the residents of Einabus.<ref name="EVC"/> | Settlement at Einabus' site dates back to the ] era, however the village's inhabitants are descended Arab tribes that migrated to the area during the ] rule of ].<ref>, ARIJ</ref> The village's old ] was built during that time and is dedicated to ]. Until today, olives and figs remain primary sources of income for the residents of Einabus.<ref name="EVC"/> | ||
| The old mosque, Jama al-Arbain, was inspected in 1928 and 1942, and on a column was found inscribed the name ''Abdallah'' and the date 625 (=1227-1228 CE).<ref>Sharon, 2004, p. </ref> | The old ], ''Jama al-Arbain'', was inspected in 1928 and 1942, and on a column was found inscribed the name ''Abdallah'' and the date 625 ] (=1227-1228 ]).<ref>Sharon, 2004, p. </ref> | ||
| ===Ottoman era=== | ===Ottoman era=== | ||
| The village was incorporated into the ] in 1517 with all of ], and in 1596 it appeared in the ] as being in the '']'' of Jabal Qubal of the '']'' of ]. It had a population of 49 Muslim households |
The village was incorporated into the ] in 1517 with all of ], and in 1596 it appeared in the ] as being in the '']'' of Jabal Qubal of the '']'' of ]. It had a population of 49 ] households. They paid a fixed tax-rate of 33,3 % on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summercrops, olives, and goats or beehives; a total of 5,317 ].<ref>Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 130</ref> | ||
| In 1838, ] noted it on his travels as a village, named ''Ain Abus''.<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 2, p. </ref> | In 1838, ] noted it on his travels as a village, named ''Ain Abus''.<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 2, p. </ref> It was noted as a village in the ''Jurat Merda'' district, south of Nablus.<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. </ref> | ||
| In June, 1870, French explorer ] found the village to have a spring (after which it was named), and having about 400 inhabitants. Below the village was a valley of olive trees.<ref>Guérin, 1875, p. </ref> In 1882, the ]'s ''Survey of Western Palestine'' described the village (called Ain Abus) as "a small village conspicuous on a low spur of the mountain, with a spring to the west and olives to the south."<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. </ref> | In June, 1870, French explorer ] found the village to have a spring (after which it was named), and having about 400 inhabitants. Below the village was a valley of olive trees.<ref>Guérin, 1875, p. </ref> In 1882, the ]'s ''Survey of Western Palestine'' described the village (called Ain Abus) as "a small village conspicuous on a low spur of the mountain, with a spring to the west and olives to the south."<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. </ref> | ||
| ===British Mandate era=== | ===British Mandate era=== | ||
| In the ] conducted by the ], 'Ainabus had a population of 227 inhabitants, all ]s,<ref name="Census1922">Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. </ref> increasing slightly in the ] to 244, still all Muslim, in a total of 62 houses.<ref>Mills, 1931, p. </ref> | In the ] conducted by the ], 'Ainabus had a population of 227 inhabitants, all ]s,<ref name="Census1922">Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. </ref> increasing slightly in the ] to 244, still all Muslim, in a total of 62 houses.<ref>Mills, 1931, p. </ref> | ||
| In 1945 the population was 340, all Muslims,<ref name=1945p18>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. </ref> with {{convert|4,011|dunam|acre km2}} of land, according to an official land and population survey.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> Of this, {{convert|539|dunam|acre km2}} were for plantations or irrigated land, 2,107 for cereals,<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. .</ref> while 29 dunams were built-up land.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. .</ref> | In ] the population was 340, all Muslims,<ref name=1945p18>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. </ref> with {{convert|4,011|dunam|acre km2}} of land, according to an official land and population survey.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> Of this, {{convert|539|dunam|acre km2}} were for plantations or irrigated land, 2,107 for cereals,<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. .</ref> while 29 dunams were built-up land.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. .</ref> | ||
| === |
===Jordanian era=== | ||
| In the wake of the ], and after the ], Einabus came under ]ian rule. | In the wake of the ], and after the ], Einabus came under ]ian rule. | ||
| ===Post-1967=== | ===Post-1967=== | ||
| After the ] in 1967, Einabus has been under ]i occupation. | After the ] in 1967, Einabus has been under ]i occupation. | ||
| Israel has confiscated 114 dunums of Einabus land for the construction of the Israeli settlement of ]. Israel also confiscated land from the Palestinian villages of ] and ] for Yitzhar. Since Yitzhar was established, the villagers of Einabus have been the victims of several violent attacks from the Yitzhar settlers. The Israeli settlers have also stolen crops and damaged Palestinian homes.<ref>, ], pp. 15-16 </ref> | |||
| ⚫ | As of 2012, Israeli settlers have also taken over land in ], in "a combination of unbridled thievery by settlers and impotence on the part of the Israeli authorities."<ref>, By ], ], Feb.18, 2012 | ||
| </ref> | |||
| The village had a population of 1200 in 1987,<ref name="EVC"/> according to the ], and of 2,340 in 2007.<ref name="PCBS"> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210000000/http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Portals/_PCBS/Downloads/book1487.pdf |date=December 10, 2010 }}. ]. p.110.</ref> | The village had a population of 1200 in 1987,<ref name="EVC"/> according to the ], and of 2,340 in 2007.<ref name="PCBS"> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210000000/http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Portals/_PCBS/Downloads/book1487.pdf |date=December 10, 2010 }}. ]. p.110.</ref> | ||
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| ==Bibliography== | ==Bibliography== | ||
| {{Commons category|Einabus}} | |||
| {{refbegin}} | {{refbegin}} | ||
| *{{cite book| editor =Barron, J. B. | title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 |url=https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 |publisher = Government of Palestine | year = 1923}} | *{{cite book| editor =Barron, J. B. | title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 |url=https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 |publisher = Government of Palestine | year = 1923}} | ||
| Line 73: | Line 79: | ||
| *{{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas |url=https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932}} | *{{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas |url=https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932}} | ||
| *{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|authorlink=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=]}} | *{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|authorlink=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=]}} | ||
| *{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Edward|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=Eli|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearc00smitgoog |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=]|volume=2}} |
*{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Edward|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=Eli|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearc00smitgoog |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=]|volume=2}} | ||
| *{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Edward|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=Eli|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearch03robiuoft |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=]|volume=3}} | |||
| *{{cite book|title=Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, D-F|volume= 3 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=01ogNhTNz54C |first1=Moshe|last1=Sharon|year=2004|publisher=BRILL|isbn= 90-04-13197-3}} | *{{cite book|title=Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, D-F|volume= 3 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=01ogNhTNz54C |first1=Moshe|last1=Sharon|authorlink1=Moshe Sharon|year=2004|publisher=BRILL|isbn= 90-04-13197-3}} | ||
| {{refend}} | {{refend}} | ||
| Line 80: | Line 87: | ||
| * | * | ||
| *Survey of Western Palestine, Map 14: , | *Survey of Western Palestine, Map 14: , | ||
| * | *, ] ARIJ | ||
| *, ARIJ | *, ARIJ | ||
| *, ARIJ | |||
| * 30-11, 1999, POICA | |||
| * |
* 06-12, 2009, POICA | ||
| * 1 April 2010, POICA | |||
| * 20, September, 2011, POICA | * 20, September, 2011, POICA | ||
| ⚫ | |||
| * 18, May, 2012, POICA | * 18, May, 2012, POICA | ||
| {{Nablus Governorate}} | {{Nablus Governorate}} | ||
Revision as of 21:07, 12 November 2017
Template:Infobox Palestinian Authority muni Einabus (Template:Lang-ar) is a Palestinian village in the northern West Bank, located 12 kilometers (7 miles) south of Nablus and a part of the Nablus Governorate. Nearby towns include Huwara and Beita to the east and Jammain to the south.
Location
‘Einabus is located 8.23km south of Nablus. It is bordered by Huwwara to the east, ‘Urif to the north, ‘Urif and Jamma’in to the west, and Jamma’in and Huwwara to the south.
Archaeology
Tombs dug out of the rocks and ancient cisterns have been found.
History
Potsherds from Middle Bronze Age, LB/IA I, Iron Age II, Persian, Hellenistic, Roman and Crusader/Ayyubid era have been found.
Settlement at Einabus' site dates back to the Jebusite era, however the village's inhabitants are descended Arab tribes that migrated to the area during the Rashidun rule of Palestine. The village's old mosque was built during that time and is dedicated to Umar ibn al-Khattab. Until today, olives and figs remain primary sources of income for the residents of Einabus.
The old mosque, Jama al-Arbain, was inspected in 1928 and 1942, and on a column was found inscribed the name Abdallah and the date 625 AH (=1227-1228 CE).
Ottoman era
The village was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517 with all of Palestine, and in 1596 it appeared in the tax registers as being in the Nahiya of Jabal Qubal of the Liwa of Nablus. It had a population of 49 Muslim households. They paid a fixed tax-rate of 33,3 % on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summercrops, olives, and goats or beehives; a total of 5,317 Akçe.
In 1838, Edward Robinson noted it on his travels as a village, named Ain Abus. It was noted as a village in the Jurat Merda district, south of Nablus.
In June, 1870, French explorer Victor Guérin found the village to have a spring (after which it was named), and having about 400 inhabitants. Below the village was a valley of olive trees. In 1882, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine described the village (called Ain Abus) as "a small village conspicuous on a low spur of the mountain, with a spring to the west and olives to the south."
British Mandate era
In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, 'Ainabus had a population of 227 inhabitants, all Muslims, increasing slightly in the 1931 census to 244, still all Muslim, in a total of 62 houses.
In 1945 census the population was 340, all Muslims, with 4,011 dunams (991 acres; 4.011 km) of land, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 539 dunams (133 acres; 0.539 km) were for plantations or irrigated land, 2,107 for cereals, while 29 dunams were built-up land.
Jordanian era
In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Einabus came under Jordanian rule.
Post-1967
After the Six-Day War in 1967, Einabus has been under Israeli occupation.
Israel has confiscated 114 dunums of Einabus land for the construction of the Israeli settlement of Yitzhar. Israel also confiscated land from the Palestinian villages of Asira al Qibliya and Burin for Yitzhar. Since Yitzhar was established, the villagers of Einabus have been the victims of several violent attacks from the Yitzhar settlers. The Israeli settlers have also stolen crops and damaged Palestinian homes.
As of 2012, Israeli settlers have also taken over land in Area B, in "a combination of unbridled thievery by settlers and impotence on the part of the Israeli authorities."
The village had a population of 1200 in 1987, according to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, and of 2,340 in 2007.
Infrastructure
There are two girls' secondary schools and one for boys. A charity center founded in 1984 contains a kindergarten and a training center for weaving, and helps college-bound students that are financially unable to enter college to attend. In addition to the old mosque, Einabus has two modern mosques.
Government
Einabus is governed by a village council of seven elected members including the chairman or mayor. In 2005, Nafez Rashdan was elected mayor of Einabus.
References
- ^ About Einabus Einabus Village Council.
- Einabus Village Profile, ARIJ, p. 4
- Dauphin, 1998, p. 804
- Finkelstein et al., 1998, pp. 679-680
- Einabus Village Profile, ARIJ
- Sharon, 2004, p. 154
- Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 130
- Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 2, p. 93
- Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. 127
- Guérin, 1875, p. 177
- Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 283
- Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. 25
- Mills, 1931, p. 61
- Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 18
- Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 59
- Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 106.
- Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 156.
- Einabus Village Profile, ARIJ, pp. 15-16
- West Bank outposts spreading into Area B, in violation of Oslo Accords, By Akiva Eldar, Haaretz, Feb.18, 2012
- 2007 PCBS Census Archived December 10, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. p.110.
- Einabus Council Members Einabus Village Council.
Bibliography
- Barron, J. B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
- Conder, Claude Reignier; Kitchener, H. H. (1882). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Dauphin, Claudine (1998). La Palestine byzantine, Peuplement et Populations. BAR International Series 726 (in French). Vol. III : Catalogue. Oxford: Archeopress. ISBN 0-860549-05-4.
- Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
- Finkelstein, Israel; Lederman, Zvi, eds. (1997). Highlands of many cultures. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University Publications Section. ISBN 965-440-007-3.
- Guérin, Victor (1875). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 2: Samarie, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
- Hadawi, Sami (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
- Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
- Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
- Palmer, E. H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Robinson, Edward; Smith, Eli (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 2. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
- Robinson, Edward; Smith, Eli (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
- Sharon, Moshe (2004). Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, D-F. Vol. 3. BRILL. ISBN 90-04-13197-3.
External links
- Welcome To 'Aynabus
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 14: IAA, Wikimedia commons
- Einabus Village Profile, Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem ARIJ
- Einabus (aerial photo), ARIJ
- Development Priorities and Needs in ‘Einabus, ARIJ
- Aggressions on Palestinians, their Properties and their Lands In 'Einabus village 06-12, 2009, POICA
- Continuous Colonists' Aggressions against Palestinian Lands and Belongings in 'Einabus Village 1 April 2010, POICA
- Setting 150 Olive Trees Ablaze in 'Einabus – Nablus city 20, September, 2011, POICA
- Colonists of Yizhar Set a Car Ablaze 18, May, 2012, POICA
