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'''as-Sawiya ''' ({{lang-ar|الساويه}}) is a ] town in the ] in northern ], located 18 kilometers South of ]. According to the ] (PCBS), the town had a population of 2,301 inhabitants in mid-year 2006.<ref> ]</ref> '''as-Sawiya ''' ({{lang-ar|الساويه}}) is a ] town in the ] in northern ], located 18 kilometers South of ]. According to the ] (PCBS), the town had a population of 2,301 inhabitants in mid-year 2006.<ref> ]</ref>
==Location==

As Sawiya is located 15km south of ]. It is bordered by ] and ] to the east, ] to the south, ] and Al Lubban ash Sharqiya to the west, and ], ] and ] to the north.<ref>, ], p. 4</ref>
==History== ==History==
At the village site, ] from ] II (8th and 7th century BCE), the ] or the early ] period, ]/ ], ] and early Ottoman era have been found.<ref>Finkelstein, 1997, p. 629</ref> In the 12th and 13th centuries, during the Crusader era, As-Sawiya was inhabited by ]s, according to ].<ref>Ellenblum, 2003, pp. , </ref> At the village site, ] from ] II (8th and 7th century BCE), the ] or the early ] period, ]/ ], ] and early Ottoman era have been found.<ref>Finkelstein, 1997, p. 629</ref> In the 12th and 13th centuries, during the Crusader era, As-Sawiya was inhabited by ]s, according to ].<ref>Ellenblum, 2003, pp. , </ref>
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===Ottoman era=== ===Ottoman era===
As-Sawiya was incorporated into the ] in 1517 with all of Palestine, and in 1596 it appeared in the ] as being in the '']'' of Jabal Qubal of the '']'' of ]. It had a population of 40 households and 2 bachelors, all Muslim, and paid taxes on wheat, barley, summercrops, olive trees, occasional revenues, goats and beehives.<ref name=Hutteroth>Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 137.</ref> As-Sawiya was incorporated into the ] in 1517 with all of Palestine, and in 1596 it appeared in the ] as being in the '']'' of Jabal Qubal of the '']'' of ]. It had a population of 40 households and 2 bachelors, all ]. They paid a fixed tax-rate of 33,3 % on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summercrops, olive trees, occasional revenues, goats and beehives; a total of 8,610 ]. All of the revenue went to a ].<ref name=Hutteroth>Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 137.</ref>


In 1838 ] noted As-Sawiya being situated on a hill.<ref name=Robinson/> In 1870 ] found that it had three hundred inhabitants, and that the villagers had a ].<ref>Guérin, 1875, p. </ref> In the 1882 the SWP described Sawiya as "a little village on a hill overhanging the road."<ref name=Conder287>Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. </ref> In 1838 ] noted As-Sawiya being situated on a hill.<ref name=Robinson/> It was noted as being in the ''Jurat Merda'' district, south of Nablus.<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. </ref>
In 1870 ] found that it had three hundred inhabitants, and that the villagers had a ].<ref>Guérin, 1875, p. </ref> In the 1882 the SWP described Sawiya as "a little village on a hill overhanging the road."<ref name=Conder287>Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. </ref>


===British Mandate era=== ===British Mandate era===
In a ] conducted in 1922 by the ], As-Sawiya (called: Sawiyeh) had a population of 476, all Muslims,<ref name="Census1922">Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. </ref> while in the ] it had 128 occupied houses and a population of 596, again all Muslim.<ref>Mills, 1932, p. </ref> In the ] conducted by the ], As-Sawiya (called: Sawiyeh) had a population of 476, all Muslims,<ref name="Census1922">Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. </ref> while in the ] it had 128 occupied houses and a population of 596, again all Muslim.<ref>Mills, 1932, p. </ref>


In ] Es Sawiya had a population of 820, all Muslims,<ref name=1945p19>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. </ref> with 10,293 ]s of land, according to an official land and population survey.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> Of this, 4,394 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 3,412 used for cereals,<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> while 40 dunams were built-up land.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> In ] Es Sawiya had a population of 820, all Muslims,<ref name=1945p19>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. </ref> with 10,293 ]s of land, according to an official land and population survey.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> Of this, 4,394 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 3,412 used for cereals,<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> while 40 dunams were built-up land.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref>


===1948-1967=== ===Jordanian era===
In the wake of the ], and after the ], As-Sawiya came under ]ian rule. In the wake of the ], and after the ], As-Sawiya came under ]ian rule.


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As-Sawiya is entirely dependent on its agricultural land. Prior to the ], about 250 of the village's residents worked in Israel, but in 2004 only three continued working there. As-Sawiya is entirely dependent on its agricultural land. Prior to the ], about 250 of the village's residents worked in Israel, but in 2004 only three continued working there.
The primary crops grown in as-Sawiya are wheat, olives, grapes, figs, and beans. The land is also used for grazing livestock. Some residents produce yoghurt from their cows and sell it. Local residents sell olive oil to nearby villages such as ] as well. Stone-cutting is the most important industry in the town after agriculture.<ref name="IWPS"> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218234101/http://www.iwps.info/en/articles/article.php?id=752 |date=February 18, 2012 }} International Women's Peace Service. October 2004.</ref> The primary crops grown in as-Sawiya are wheat, olives, grapes, figs, and beans. The land is also used for grazing livestock. Some residents produce yoghurt from their cows and sell it. Local residents sell olive oil to nearby villages such as ] as well. Stone-cutting is the most important industry in the town after agriculture.<ref name="IWPS"> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218234101/http://www.iwps.info/en/articles/article.php?id=752 |date=February 18, 2012 }} International Women's Peace Service. October 2004.</ref>

Approximately 14% of the village land is in ], the rest, about 86% of the land is in ]. Israel has confiscated 1,551 dunums of village land for the ] of ], and 376 dunams for ].<ref>, ], pp. 16-17</ref>


According to locals, village life has been "deeply affected" by harassment from Jewish settlers. "People cannot go and harvest their land. The settlers take our olives, they throw rocks at people."<ref>, 17 September 2011, ]</ref> According to locals, village life has been "deeply affected" by harassment from Jewish settlers. "People cannot go and harvest their land. The settlers take our olives, they throw rocks at people."<ref>, 17 September 2011, ]</ref>
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*{{cite book|title= Secular buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: an archaeological Gazetter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-_NbE5obqRMC|first1=Denys|last1=Pringle|year=1997|ISBN=0521 46010 7|publisher=]}} *{{cite book|title= Secular buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: an archaeological Gazetter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-_NbE5obqRMC|first1=Denys|last1=Pringle|year=1997|ISBN=0521 46010 7|publisher=]}}
*{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Edward|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=Eli|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearc00smitgoog |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=]|volume=2}} *{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Edward|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=Eli|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearc00smitgoog |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=]|volume=2}}
*{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=Edward|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=Eli|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearch03robiuoft |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=]|volume=3}}
*{{cite book|last=Saulcy|first=Louis Félicien de |authorlink=Louis Félicien de Saulcy|title=Narrative of a journey round the Dead Sea, and in the Bible lands, in 1850 and 1851 |url=https://archive.org/details/narrativeajourn00warrgoog |volume=1, new edition|year=1854|publisher= R. Bentley |location=London}} *{{cite book|last=Saulcy|first=Louis Félicien de |authorlink=Louis Félicien de Saulcy|title=Narrative of a journey round the Dead Sea, and in the Bible lands, in 1850 and 1851 |url=https://archive.org/details/narrativeajourn00warrgoog |volume=1, new edition|year=1854|publisher= R. Bentley |location=London}}
{{refend}} {{refend}}

Revision as of 22:17, 12 November 2017

For other places with similar names, see Zawiya.

Template:Infobox Palestinian Authority muni as-Sawiya (Template:Lang-ar) is a Palestinian town in the Nablus Governorate in northern West Bank, located 18 kilometers South of Nablus. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the town had a population of 2,301 inhabitants in mid-year 2006.

Location

As Sawiya is located 15km south of Nablus. It is bordered by Talfit and Qaryut to the east, Al Lubban ash Sharqiya to the south, Iskaka and Al Lubban ash Sharqiya to the west, and Yatma, Qabalan and Yasuf to the north.

History

At the village site, sherds from IA II (8th and 7th century BCE), the Persian or the early Hellenistic period, Crusader era/ Ayyubid dynasty, Mamluk and early Ottoman era have been found. In the 12th and 13th centuries, during the Crusader era, As-Sawiya was inhabited by Muslims, according to Ḍiyāʼ al-Dīn.

Just north-east of the village is the Khan Sawieh-area, where Byzantine pottery, old tombs and cisterns have been found. Denys Pringle lists the Khan among the Crusader remains in Palestine. In 1838 Robinson found the Khan in ruins, so did de Saulcy in 1850. In the 1882 the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it as: "a small square building, also a ruined Khan; the walls are standing to some height, and drafted stones are used at the corners. Rock-cut tombs exist just south, showing the place to be an ancient site. The name of the site is Khurbet Berkit."

Ottoman era

As-Sawiya was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517 with all of Palestine, and in 1596 it appeared in the tax registers as being in the Nahiya of Jabal Qubal of the Liwa of Nablus. It had a population of 40 households and 2 bachelors, all Muslim. They paid a fixed tax-rate of 33,3 % on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summercrops, olive trees, occasional revenues, goats and beehives; a total of 8,610 Akçe. All of the revenue went to a Waqf.

In 1838 Robinson noted As-Sawiya being situated on a hill. It was noted as being in the Jurat Merda district, south of Nablus.

In 1870 Victor Guérin found that it had three hundred inhabitants, and that the villagers had a mosque. In the 1882 the SWP described Sawiya as "a little village on a hill overhanging the road."

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, As-Sawiya (called: Sawiyeh) had a population of 476, all Muslims, while in the 1931 census it had 128 occupied houses and a population of 596, again all Muslim.

In 1945 Es Sawiya had a population of 820, all Muslims, with 10,293 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 4,394 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 3,412 used for cereals, while 40 dunams were built-up land.

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, As-Sawiya came under Jordanian rule.

post-1967

After the Six-Day War in 1967, As-Sawiya has been under Israeli occupation.

As-Sawiya is entirely dependent on its agricultural land. Prior to the Second Intifada, about 250 of the village's residents worked in Israel, but in 2004 only three continued working there. The primary crops grown in as-Sawiya are wheat, olives, grapes, figs, and beans. The land is also used for grazing livestock. Some residents produce yoghurt from their cows and sell it. Local residents sell olive oil to nearby villages such as Lubban as well. Stone-cutting is the most important industry in the town after agriculture.

Approximately 14% of the village land is in Area B, the rest, about 86% of the land is in Area C. Israel has confiscated 1,551 dunums of village land for the Israeli settlement of Alie, and 376 dunams for Rechalim.

According to locals, village life has been "deeply affected" by harassment from Jewish settlers. "People cannot go and harvest their land. The settlers take our olives, they throw rocks at people."

References

  1. Projected Mid -Year Population for Nablus Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006 Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  2. As Sawiya Village Profile, ARIJ, p. 4
  3. Finkelstein, 1997, p. 629
  4. Ellenblum, 2003, pp. 244, 263
  5. Dauphin, 1998, p. 813
  6. Pringle, 1997, p. 61
  7. ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 2, p. 91
  8. Saulcy, 1854, vol 1, p. 103
  9. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 324
  10. Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 137.
  11. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. 127
  12. Guérin, 1875, p. 163
  13. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 287
  14. Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. 25
  15. Mills, 1932, p. 65
  16. Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 19
  17. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 61
  18. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 107
  19. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 158
  20. As Sawiya Village Profile Archived February 18, 2012, at the Wayback Machine International Women's Peace Service. October 2004.
  21. As Sawiya Village Profile, ARIJ, pp. 16-17
  22. Palestinians: profile of a people in search of statehood, 17 September 2011, The Observer

Bibliography

External links

Nablus Governorate
Cities Nablus Governorate
State of Palestine
Municipalities
Villages
Refugee camps
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