| Revision as of 19:11, 15 November 2017 edit87.231.181.26 (talk) Minor edit. And to finish, you're doing only censure about real information about present existence of Ayyaran. You're actions against my publications that doesn't refers to political message, are political interventions by censure. Demand Admins help.← Previous edit | Revision as of 00:15, 20 November 2017 edit undoCactusWriter (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Administrators32,717 edits Reverted to revision 790301256 by InternetArchiveBot: Restore page prior to longterm edit war -- Use Talk Page to discuss and to form consensus before adding any additions/alterations. (TW)Next edit → | ||
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| '''Áyyār''', ({{lang-fa|عیار}} ''Ayyâr'', pl. ''Ayyârân'', {{lang-ar|عيار}} ''ʿayyār'', pl. ''ʿayyārūn'') refers to a person associated with a class of warriors in Iran from the 9th to the 12th centuries. The word |
'''Áyyār''', ({{lang-fa|عیار}} ''Ayyâr'', pl. ''Ayyârân'', {{lang-ar|عيار}} ''ʿayyār'', pl. ''ʿayyārūn'') refers to a person associated with a class of warriors in Iraq and Iran from the 9th to the 12th centuries. The word literally means ''vagabond''. Ayyars were associated with ], or medieval Islamic organizations located in cities. | ||
| ==Emergence== | ==Emergence== | ||
| Ayyarun are believed to predate Islam, though most of the writing about them centers on their activities in Baghdad |
'Ayyarun are believed to predate Islam, though most of the writing about them centers on their activities in Baghdad from the 10th to the 12th centuries. Baghdad was ruled by the ] (945–1055), and was a very lawless city, caused by fighting between ] and ]. They did many terrible things such as extorting taxes on roads and markets, burning wealthy quarters and markets, and looting the homes of the rich by night. For several years (1028–33), ] and ], leaders of the 'ayyarun, ruled the city due to governmental instability. | ||
| ==Reputation== | ==Reputation== | ||
| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
| ==Regional influence== | ==Regional influence== | ||
| Outside Baghdad, the 'ayyarun |
Outside Baghdad, the 'ayyarun were closely allied with the ], and helped maintain the current order. The ] (861-1003) of eastern ] were in fact an 'ayyarun dynasty. They are thought by some historians to have contributed to the weakening of Baghdad, clearing the way for the horrific destruction of the city by the ]. | ||
| ==Politics== | |||
| Ayyaran are also a political group. The member of an ancient Iranian noble family, Dr Hossein Homayoun Fard Mohammad Abadi founded the political group Ayyaran<ref></ref> in 1976 in Paris, claiming directly from the historical continuity of the ayyaran knighthood and recognized as it by public authorities of many countries like Iran and France where he is living now. This political group known in Iran have been acting in the interests of Iran in silence for many years, but in 2017, Dr Homayoun Fard Mohammad Abadi presented himself as candidate for the Presidential Iranian elections in the name of Ayyaran Group<ref>Article from Newspaper "L'Union de Reims" http://www.lunion.fr/25680/article/2017-04-13/un-ancien-remois-candidat-la-presidentielle-en-iran</ref>. | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 00:15, 20 November 2017
- Ayyar redirects here. It can also refer to Ayyar of Bulgaria.
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Áyyār, (Template:Lang-fa Ayyâr, pl. Ayyârân, Template:Lang-ar ʿayyār, pl. ʿayyārūn) refers to a person associated with a class of warriors in Iraq and Iran from the 9th to the 12th centuries. The word literally means vagabond. Ayyars were associated with futuwwa, or medieval Islamic organizations located in cities.
Emergence
'Ayyarun are believed to predate Islam, though most of the writing about them centers on their activities in Baghdad from the 10th to the 12th centuries. Baghdad was ruled by the Buyids (945–1055), and was a very lawless city, caused by fighting between Sunnis and Shi'ites. They did many terrible things such as extorting taxes on roads and markets, burning wealthy quarters and markets, and looting the homes of the rich by night. For several years (1028–33), Al-Burjumi and Ibn al-Mawsili, leaders of the 'ayyarun, ruled the city due to governmental instability.
Reputation
The 'ayyarun have been commonly called fighters, though these activities are highlighted during times of weak government and civil war, when their role as a military force most likely made them fight on multiple sides, angering many. During times of more stable government, their lawful activities decreased, and when the Seljuqs ruled in the 12th century, their activities almost ceased. The 'ayyarun also made war against much of Turks in reaction to social injustices.
Regional influence
Outside Baghdad, the 'ayyarun were closely allied with the middle class, and helped maintain the current order. The Saffarids (861-1003) of eastern Iran were in fact an 'ayyarun dynasty. They are thought by some historians to have contributed to the weakening of Baghdad, clearing the way for the horrific destruction of the city by the Mongols.
References
- AYYĀR, Encyclopædia Iranica
External links
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