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{{History_of_China}} |
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{{History_of_China}} |
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The '''Jìn Dynasty''' ({{zh-sp|s=晋朝|t=晉朝|p=jìn cháo}}; ]-]), one of the ], followed the ] period and preceded the ] in ]. The dynasty was founded by the ] family (司馬 ]: Sīmǎ). Note that there are four periods of Chinese history using the name "Jin" (see ]). |
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The '''Jìn Dynasty''' ({{zh-sp|s=晋朝|t=晉朝|p=jìn cháo}}; ]-]), one of the ], followed the ] period and preceded the ] in ]. The dynasty was founded by the ] family (司馬 ]: Sīmǎ). Note that there are four periods of Chinese history using the name "Jin" (see ]). |
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==History== |
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==History== |
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The first of the two periods, the '''Western Jìn Dynasty''' (]: 西晉, ]-]), was founded by ]. Although providing a brief period of unity after conquering the ] in AD ], the Jìn could not contain the invasion and uprising of nomadic peoples after the devastating ]. The capital was ] until ] when ] was captured by the forces of ]. Successive reign of ] lasted four years in ] until its conquest by Han Zhao in ]. |
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The first of the two periods, the '''Western Jìn Dynasty''' (]: 西晉, ]-]), was founded by ]. Although providing a brief period of unity after conquering the ] in AD ], the Jìn could not contain the invasion and uprising of nomadic peoples after the devastating ]. The capital was ] until ] when ] was captured by the forces of ]. Successive reign of ] lasted four years in ] until its conquest by Han Zhao in ]. |
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Meanwhile remnants of the Jìn court fled from the north to the south and reestablished the Jìn court at ], south-east of Luoyang and Chang'an and near modern-day ], under Prince of Longya. Prominent local families of ], ], ], ] and ] supported the proclamation of Prince of Langye as ] of the '''Eastern Jìn Dynasty''' (ch: 東晉 ]-]) when the news of the fall of Chang'an reached the south. (Because the emperors of the Eastern Jìn Dynasty came from the Langye line, the rival ] states which did not recognize its legitimacy would at times refer to Jìn as "Langye.") |
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Meanwhile remnants of the Jìn court fled from the north to the south and reestablished the Jìn court at ], south-east of Luoyang and Chang'an and near modern-day ], under Prince of Longya. Prominent local families of ], ], ], ] and ] supported the proclamation of Prince of Langye as ] of the '''Eastern Jìn Dynasty''' (ch: 東晉 ]-]) when the news of the fall of Chang'an reached the south. (Because the emperors of the Eastern Jìn Dynasty came from the Langye line, the rival ] states which did not recognize its legitimacy would at times refer to Jìn as "Langye.") |
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Militaristic authorities and crises plagued the Eastern Jìn court throughout its 104 years of existence. It survived the rebellions of ] and ]. ] died in ] before he could usurp the throne (which he had intended to do). ] turned out to be a victory of Jìn under a short-lived cooperation of ], brother of Huan Wen and the Prime Minister (or Imperial Secretariat) ]. ], son of ], usurped and changed the name of the dynasty to ]. He was toppled by ], who ordered the ] of the reinstated but ] ]. The last emperor and brother of Emperor An, ], was installed in ]. Abdication of Emperor Gong in ] in favor of Liu Yu, then ], ushered in the ] and the ]. |
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Militaristic authorities and crises plagued the Eastern Jìn court throughout its 104 years of existence. It survived the rebellions of ] and ]. ] died in ] before he could usurp the throne (which he had intended to do). ] turned out to be a victory of Jìn under a short-lived cooperation of ], brother of Huan Wen and the Prime Minister (or Imperial Secretariat) ]. ], son of ], usurped and changed the name of the dynasty to ]. He was toppled by ], who ordered the ] of the reinstated but ] ]. The last emperor and brother of Emperor An, ], was installed in ]. Abdication of Emperor Gong in ] in favor of Liu Yu, then ], ushered in the ] and the ]. |
Meanwhile remnants of the Jìn court fled from the north to the south and reestablished the Jìn court at Jiankang, south-east of Luoyang and Chang'an and near modern-day Nanjing, under Prince of Longya. Prominent local families of Zhu, Gan, Lu, Gu and Zhou supported the proclamation of Prince of Langye as Emperor Yuan of the Eastern Jìn Dynasty (ch: 東晉 317-420) when the news of the fall of Chang'an reached the south. (Because the emperors of the Eastern Jìn Dynasty came from the Langye line, the rival Wu Hu states which did not recognize its legitimacy would at times refer to Jìn as "Langye.")
Militaristic authorities and crises plagued the Eastern Jìn court throughout its 104 years of existence. It survived the rebellions of Wang Dun and Su Jun. Huan Wen died in 373 before he could usurp the throne (which he had intended to do). Battle of Fei turned out to be a victory of Jìn under a short-lived cooperation of Huan Chong, brother of Huan Wen and the Prime Minister (or Imperial Secretariat) Xie An. Huan Xuan, son of Huan Wen, usurped and changed the name of the dynasty to Chu. He was toppled by Liu Yu, who ordered the strangulation of the reinstated but retarded Emperor An. The last emperor and brother of Emperor An, Emperor Gong, was installed in 419. Abdication of Emperor Gong in 420 in favor of Liu Yu, then Emperor Wu, ushered in the Song Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties.
