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Arrested by the Gestapo in April 1942 and interrogated, Kalkstein and Kaczorowska had followed a path taken by other Nazi agents, as mentioned by Kenneth Koskodan in his ''No Greater Ally: The Untold Story of Poland's Forces in World War II''.<ref name="Koskodan"></ref> After collaborating with the Germans, even fighting on their side against the ] in 1944 (Kalkstein joined the ] as Paul Henchel),<ref name="ceeol.com" /> they would later collaborate as informants with ] (a Polish version of the ] between 1947 and 1956), after their internment in a Stalinist prison.<ref name="wyborcza.pl2"> 12 December 2009.</ref> Arrested by the Gestapo in April 1942 and interrogated, Kalkstein and Kaczorowska had followed a path taken by other Nazi agents, as mentioned by Kenneth Koskodan in his ''No Greater Ally: The Untold Story of Poland's Forces in World War II''.<ref name="Koskodan"></ref> After collaborating with the Germans, even fighting on their side against the ] in 1944 (Kalkstein joined the ] as Paul Henchel),<ref name="ceeol.com" /> they would later collaborate as informants with ] (a Polish version of the ] between 1947 and 1956), after their internment in a Stalinist prison.<ref name="wyborcza.pl2"> 12 December 2009.</ref>


He arrested by the Ministry of Public Security in August 1953 and then sentenced to life imprisonment, including on the charge of the betrayal of General Grot-Rowecki. The sentence was reduced to 12 years in prison. He was released from prison in 1965 under the amnesty. In 1973, he settled in Piaseczno, Poland where he ran a chicken farm and then moved the village of Utrata near Jarocin where he owned a large pig farm. In 1981 or in 1982 he traveled to France, where his son lived (from a relationship with Blanka Kaczorowski). The family claimed that he died in France in the 1980s  In fact, in the mid-1980s, he emerged in Munich, where under the name of Edward Ciesielski worked in the library of the Polish Catholic Mission. He died on October 26, 1994, in Munich, Germany.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pamiec.pl/pa/teksty/artykuly/13916,KALKSTEIN-I-KACZOROWSKA-W-SWIETLE-AKT-UB.html|title=KALKSTEIN I KACZOROWSKA W ŚWIETLE AKT UB - ARTYKUŁY - Pamięć.pl - portal edukacyjny IPN|website=pamiec.pl|language=pl|access-date=2018-02-15}}</ref> Arrested by the <nowiki>]</nowiki> in August 1953 and then sentenced to life imprisonment, including on the charge of the betrayal of General Grot-Rowecki. The sentence was reduced to 12 years in prison. He was released from prison in 1965 under the amnesty. In 1973, he settled in Piaseczno, Poland where he ran a chicken farm and then moved the village of Utrata near Jarocin where he owned a large pig farm. In 1981 or in 1982 he traveled to France, where his son lived (from a relationship with Blanka Kaczorowski). The family claimed that he died in France in the 1980s  In fact, in the mid-1980s, he emerged in Munich, where under the name of Edward Ciesielski worked in the library of the Polish Catholic Mission. He died on October 26, 1994, in Munich, Germany.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pamiec.pl/pa/teksty/artykuly/13916,KALKSTEIN-I-KACZOROWSKA-W-SWIETLE-AKT-UB.html|title=KALKSTEIN I KACZOROWSKA W ŚWIETLE AKT UB - ARTYKUŁY - Pamięć.pl - portal edukacyjny IPN|website=pamiec.pl|language=pl|access-date=2018-02-15}}</ref>


==See also== ==See also==

Revision as of 18:21, 15 February 2018

Kalkstein, Gestapo agent during Warsaw Uprising, Stalinist informant in postwar Poland
Blanka Kaczorowska

Ludwik Kalkstein, also Ludwik Kalkstein-Stoliński, nom de guerre "Hanka" (13 March 1920, Warsaw – 26 October 1994, Munich); was one of the better known German Gestapo agents during the Warsaw Uprising as well as a Stalinist informant following the Soviet takeover of Poland. Along with his wife (Blanka Kaczorowska "Sroka"), they became traitors to the Armia Krajowa under not just one but two consecutive totalitarian regimes. Kalkstein was responsible for the arrest and execution by the Nazis of at least fourteen Polish underground officers, including the General Stefan Rowecki.

Arrested by the Gestapo in April 1942 and interrogated, Kalkstein and Kaczorowska had followed a path taken by other Nazi agents, as mentioned by Kenneth Koskodan in his No Greater Ally: The Untold Story of Poland's Forces in World War II. After collaborating with the Germans, even fighting on their side against the Warsaw Uprising in 1944 (Kalkstein joined the SS as Paul Henchel), they would later collaborate as informants with Urzad Bezpieczenstwa (a Polish version of the KGB between 1947 and 1956), after their internment in a Stalinist prison.

Arrested by the ] in August 1953 and then sentenced to life imprisonment, including on the charge of the betrayal of General Grot-Rowecki. The sentence was reduced to 12 years in prison. He was released from prison in 1965 under the amnesty. In 1973, he settled in Piaseczno, Poland where he ran a chicken farm and then moved the village of Utrata near Jarocin where he owned a large pig farm. In 1981 or in 1982 he traveled to France, where his son lived (from a relationship with Blanka Kaczorowski). The family claimed that he died in France in the 1980s  In fact, in the mid-1980s, he emerged in Munich, where under the name of Edward Ciesielski worked in the library of the Polish Catholic Mission. He died on October 26, 1994, in Munich, Germany.

See also

Notes and references

  1. Adam Zadworny, "Ostatnia misja Kalksteina." Gazeta Wyborcza, 12 December 2009.
  2. ^ Waldemar Grabowski. "Kalkstein i Kaczorowska w świetle akt UB" (PDF 1.01 MB). Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej, issue: 08-09 / 2004. Retrieved 11 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  3. No greater ally: the untold story of Poland's forces in World War II By Kenneth K. Koskodan
  4. "Ostatnia misja Kalksteina," page 2 (ibidem). 12 December 2009.
  5. "KALKSTEIN I KACZOROWSKA W ŚWIETLE AKT UB - ARTYKUŁY - Pamięć.pl - portal edukacyjny IPN". pamiec.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 15 February 2018.

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