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| The '''Second Siege of Jinju''' was a battle during 1593 in ] at ] Fort, Korea, between ] and ]. Unlike the ] this battle resulted in a Japanese victory. The Koreans defended the castle desperately with various weapons including ], handguns, "black" class cannons (hyeonja-]), explosive shots fired from mortars, killing numerous Japanese soldiers and destroying towers and bamboo palisades. The Koreans resisted for ten days, until a section of wall was breached by Japanese sappers, who had hid in an armoured cart called a "tortoise shell cart". This became the origin of the ]. The fortress was captured with the loss of the garrison commander, ], and all of his defenders and civilians. | The '''Second Siege of Jinju''' was a battle during 1593 in ] at ] Fort, Korea, between ] and ]. Unlike the ] this battle resulted in a Japanese victory. The Koreans defended the castle desperately with various weapons including ], handguns, "black" class cannons (hyeonja-]), explosive shots fired from mortars, killing numerous Japanese soldiers and destroying towers and bamboo palisades. The Koreans resisted for ten days, until a section of wall was breached by Japanese sappers, who had hid in an armoured cart called a "tortoise shell cart". This became the origin of the ]. The fortress was captured with the loss of the garrison commander, ], and all of his defenders and civilians. | ||
| ==Background== | |||
| The Japanese arrived at ] on 20 July 1593 with 90,000 troops with reinforcements from Japan. {{sfn|Turnbull|2008|p=68}} | |||
| ==Battle== | |||
| The Japanese began on 21 July 1593. First they destroyed the edges of the dikes surrounding Jinju to drain the moat, then they advanced on the fortress with bamboo shields. The Koreans fired on them and repelled the attack.{{sfn|Turnbull|2008|p=69}} | |||
| On 23 July the Japanese tried again with siege towers, but they were destroyed by cannon fire.{{sfn|Turnbull|2008|p=70}} | |||
| On 25 July the Japanese were able to successfully mine a section of the outer wall under mobile shelters.{{sfn|Turnbull|2008|p=71}} | |||
| On 27 July the Japanese attacked the weakened area of the wall, and with the aid of a rainstorm, was able to dislodge its foundations. | |||
| ==Citations== | ==Citations== | ||
Revision as of 18:25, 16 February 2018
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| The Second Siege of Jinju | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Hideyoshi's invasions of Korea | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Japan | Joseon | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Katō Kiyomasa Ukita Hideie Kuroda Nagamasa Tachibana Muneshige Kobayakawa Takakage Mōri Hidemoto Kikkawa Hiroie |
Hwang Jin† Gim Cheonil† | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 90,000 | 4,000+ | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | annihilated | ||||||
| Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598) | |
|---|---|
|
The Second Siege of Jinju was a battle during 1593 in Hideyoshi's invasions of Korea at Jinju Fort, Korea, between Japan and Korea. Unlike the First Siege of Jinju this battle resulted in a Japanese victory. The Koreans defended the castle desperately with various weapons including bows, handguns, "black" class cannons (hyeonja-chongtong), explosive shots fired from mortars, killing numerous Japanese soldiers and destroying towers and bamboo palisades. The Koreans resisted for ten days, until a section of wall was breached by Japanese sappers, who had hid in an armoured cart called a "tortoise shell cart". This became the origin of the Uwajima Ushi-oni Festival. The fortress was captured with the loss of the garrison commander, Hwang Jin, and all of his defenders and civilians.
Background
The Japanese arrived at Jinju on 20 July 1593 with 90,000 troops with reinforcements from Japan.
Battle
The Japanese began on 21 July 1593. First they destroyed the edges of the dikes surrounding Jinju to drain the moat, then they advanced on the fortress with bamboo shields. The Koreans fired on them and repelled the attack.
On 23 July the Japanese tried again with siege towers, but they were destroyed by cannon fire.
On 25 July the Japanese were able to successfully mine a section of the outer wall under mobile shelters.
On 27 July the Japanese attacked the weakened area of the wall, and with the aid of a rainstorm, was able to dislodge its foundations.
Citations
- ^ Turnbull 2008, p. 67.
- Turnbull 2008, p. 68.
- Turnbull 2008, p. 69.
- Turnbull 2008, p. 70.
- Turnbull 2008, p. 71.
Bibliography
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- Arano, Yasunori (2005), The Formation of a Japanocentric World Order, International Journal of Asian Studies
- Brown, Delmer M. (1948), "The Impact of Firearms on Japanese Warfare, 1543–1598", The Far Eastern Quarterly May 1948 (Volume 7, Number 3: pp. 236–53), Association for Asian Studies
- Eikenberry, Karl W. (1988), "The Imjin War", Military Review 68:2: 74–82
- Ha, Tae-hung; Sohn, Pow-key (1977), 'Nanjung Ilgi: War Diary of Admiral Yi Sun-sin, Yonsei University Press, ISBN 89-7141-018-3
- Haboush, JaHyun Kim (2016), The Great East Asian War and the Birth of the Korean Nation
- Hawley, Samuel (2005), The Imjin War, The Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch/UC Berkeley Press, ISBN 89-954424-2-5
- Jang, Pyun-soon (1998), Noon-eu-ro Bo-nen Han-gook-yauk-sa 5: Gor-yeo Si-dae (눈으로 보는 한국역사 5: 고려시대), Park Doo-ui, Bae Keum-ram, Yi Sang-mi, Kim Ho-hyun, Kim Pyung-sook, et al., Joog-ang Gyo-yook-yaun-goo-won. 1998-10-30. Seoul, Korea.
- Kim, Ki-chung (1999), "Resistance, Abduction, and Survival: The Documentary Literature of the Imjin War (1592–8)", Korean Culture 20:3 (Fall 1999): 20–29
- Kim, Yung-sik (1998), "Problems and Possibilities in the Study of the History of Korean Science", Osiris, 2nd Series, Vol. 13, Beyond Joseph Needham: Science, Technology, and Medicine in East and Southeast Asia: 48–79. JSTOR
- 桑田忠親 , ed., 舊參謀本部編纂, , 朝鮮の役 (日本の戰史 Vol. 5), 1965.
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{{citation}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|journal=(help) - Niderost, Eric (2001), "Turtleboat Destiny: The Imjin War and Yi Sun Shin", Military Heritage 2:6 (June 2001): 50–59, 89
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- Park, Yune-hee (1973), Admiral Yi Sun-shin and His Turtleboat Armada: A Comprehensive Account of the Resistance of Korea to the 16th Century Japanese Invasion, Shinsaeng Press
- Rockstein, Edward D. (1993), Strategic And Operational Aspects of Japan's Invasions of Korea 1592–1598 1993-6-18, Naval War College
- Sadler, A. L., "The Naval Campaign in the Korean War of Hideyoshi (1592–1598)", Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan Second Series, 14 (June 1937): 179–208
- Sansom, George (1961), A History of Japan 1334–1615, Stanford University Press, ISBN 0-8047-0525-9
- Sohn, Pow-key (1959), "Early Korean Painting", Journal of American Oriental Society Vol. 79, No. 2. (April – June 1959): 96–103. JSTOR
- Stramigioli, Giuliana (1954), "Hideyoshi's Expansionist Policy on the Asiatic Mainland", Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan Third Series, 3 (December 1954): 74–116
- Strauss, Barry (2005), "Korea's Legendary Admiral", MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History Summer 2005 (Volume 17, Number 4: 52–61
{{citation}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|journal=(help) - Swope, Kenneth M. (2006), "Beyond Turtleboats: Siege Accounts from Hideyoshi's Second Invasion of Korea, 1597–1598", Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies (Vol. 6, No. 2. 2006 Academy of East Asian Studies.: 177–206
{{citation}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|journal=(help) - Swope, Kenneth M. (2005), "Crouching Tigers, Secret Weapons: Military Technology Employed During the Sino-Japanese-Korean War, 1592–1598", The Journal of Military History: 69, 11–42. Society for Military History
- Swope, Kenneth M. (2002), "Deceit, Disguise, and Dependence: China, Japan, and the Future of the Tributary System, 1592–1596", The International History Review' XXIV. 4: December 2002: 757–1008
- Swope, Kenneth M. (2009), A Dragon's Head and a Serpent's Tail: Ming China and the First Great East Asian War, 1592–1598, University of Oklahoma Press
- Turnbull, Stephen (2002), Samurai Invasion: Japan's Korean War 1592–98, Cassell & Co, ISBN 0-304-35948-3
- Turnbull, Stephen (2008), The Samurai Invasion of Korea 1592-98, Osprey Publishing Ltd
- Turnbull, Stephen (1998), The Samurai Sourcebook, Cassell & Co, ISBN 1-85409-523-4
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{{citation}}: External link in|title= - Yi, Min-woong (2004), Imjin Wae-ran Haejeonsa: The Naval Battles of the Imjin War , Chongoram Media , ISBN 89-89722-49-7
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