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] depicting War as the offspring of Greed and Pride.]] |
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] depicting War as the offspring of Greed and Pride.]] |
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'''Greed''', or '''avarice''', is an inordinate or insatiable longing for unneeded excess, especially for excess wealth, ], ], or food. |
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As a secular psychological concept, greed is an inordinate ] to acquire or possess more than one needs. The degree of inordinance is related to the inability to control the reformulation of "wants" once desired "needs" are eliminated. ] described greed as "a bottomless pit which exhausts the person in an endless effort to satisfy the need without ever reaching satisfaction." It is typically used to criticize those who seek excessive material wealth, although it may apply to the need to feel more ], ], or otherwise ] someone else. |
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The purpose for greed, and any actions associated with it, is possibly to deprive others of potential means (perhaps, of basic survival and comfort) or future opportunities accordingly, or to obstruct them therefrom, thus insidious and ] or otherwise having a negative connotation. Alternately, the purpose could be defense or counteraction from such dangerous, potential negotiation in matters of questionable agreeability. A consequence of greedy activity may be an inability to sustain any of the ]s or burdens associated with that which has been or is being accumulated, leading to a ] or destruction, whether of self or more generally. So, the level of "inordinance" of greed pertains to the amount of ], ] or burden associated with it. |
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== Views == |
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] says that greed "is a sin against God, just as all mortal sins, in as much as man condemns things eternal for the sake of temporal things."<ref name="st3118">{{cite web |url=http://www.newadvent.org/summa/3118.htm |publisher=New Advent |author=Thomas Aquinas |title=The Summa Theologica II-II.Q118 (The vices opposed to liberality, and in the first place, of covetousness) |edition=1920, Second and Revised}}</ref>{{rp|A1}} In Dante's '']'', the avaricious penitents were bound and laid face down on the ground for having concentrated too much on earthly thoughts. |
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From Vine's Complete Expository Dictionary, greed means "greedy for base gains". Gain itself is not a sin, but the gain of base things. Also, "given to greed" means literally, "given to filth." Thus, a moral concern, not a subjective economic one for which there is no equal. A very wealthy man, for example, may be erroneously considered "greedy" if such wealth was planned for some great achievement or building project. |
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] dictated that "Greed is a state of restlessness of the heart, and it consists mainly of craving for power and possessions. Possessions and power are sought for the fulfillment of desires. Man is only partially satisfied in his attempt to have the fulfillment of his desires, and this partial satisfaction fans and increases the flame of craving instead of extinguishing it. Thus greed always finds an endless field of conquest and leaves the man endlessly dissatisfied. The chief expressions of greed are related to the emotional part of man."<ref>] (1967). ''Discourses.'' Volume II. San Francisco: Sufism Reoriented. p. 27.</ref> |
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] famously defended greed in an 18 May 1986 commencement address at the ]'s ] Administration, in which he said, "Greed is all right, by the way. I want you to know that. I think greed is healthy. You can be greedy and still feel good about yourself".<ref name="Gabriel">{{cite news |last=Gabriel |first=Satya J |title=Oliver Stone's ''Wall Street'' and the Market for Corporate Control |work=Economics in Popular Film |publisher=Mount Holyoke |date=November 21, 2001 |url=http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/sgabriel/filmcourse/oliver_stone.html |accessdate=2008-12-10 }}</ref> This speech inspired the 1987 film '']'', which features the famous line spoken by ]: "Greed, for lack of a better word, is good. Greed is right, greed works. Greed clarifies, cuts through, and captures the essence of the evolutionary spirit. Greed, in all of its forms; greed for life, for money, for love, knowledge has marked the upward surge of mankind."<ref name="Ross">{{cite news |last=Ross |first=Brian |title=Greed on Wall Street |work=] |publisher= |date=November 11, 2005 |url=http://abcnews.go.com/2020/story?id=1305010 |accessdate=2008-03-18 }}</ref> |
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== Inspirations == |
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] and ] of materials or objects, theft and ], especially by means of violence, trickery, or manipulation of ] are all actions that may be inspired by greed. Such misdeeds can include ], where one profits from soliciting goods within the actual confines of a church. |
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A well-known example of greed is the pirate ], who fought for hours to acquire Cuban gold, becoming mortally wounded in the process. He died of his wounds hours after having transferred the booty to his ship.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dream-the-impossible.blogspot.com/2009/01/greed-is-good-discuss.html |title=Examples of greed |author=Dreamtheimpossible |date=September 14, 2011 |work= |publisher= |accessdate=October 4, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118071652/http://dream-the-impossible.blogspot.com/2009/01/greed-is-good-discuss.html |archivedate=January 18, 2012 }}</ref> |
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== Genetics == |
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Some research suggests there is a genetic basis for greed. It is possible people who have a shorter version of the ] (AVPR1a) may behave more selfishly.<ref></ref> |
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==See also== |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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* '']'' |
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* '']'', film |
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* '']'', film |
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* ] |
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== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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{{wikiquote}} |
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{{Wiktionary|greed}} |
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{{commons category}} |
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{{Seven Deadly Sins}} |
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{{Catholic virtue ethics}} |
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] |
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] |
