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| The city was erected as a ] to protect the ] from ]. The city was firstly mentioned in ] in connection with it being granted the ]. Later, the fortress |
The city was erected as a ] to protect the ] from ]. The city was firstly mentioned in ] in connection with it being granted the ]. Later, the fortress also successfully withstood attacks by ] and ] forces. Extensively rebuilt during the ], it was sometimes called ''Little ]''. The city was also an important center of ] in Poland. | ||
| After the ] it became a part of ] and successively of the autonomous ]. In ] it was a subject of ]–] skirmishes and eventually became a part of the ] as the capital of the ]. In ] ] by ] and ] the territory was captured by the ] and attached to the ]. During the ] occupation (1941-1944) more than 600 |
After the ] it became a part of ], and successively of the autonomous ]. | ||
| In ] it was a subject of ]–] skirmishes and eventually became a part of the ] as the capital of the ]. | |||
| In ] ] by ] and ] the territory was captured by the ] and attached to the ]. | |||
| During the ] occupation (1941-1944) more than 600 educated Poles and most of the city's Jewish population was murdered . In ] the name changed to honor the famous Ukrainian writer ]. In the early ] the city was a strong center of the Ukrainian independence movement. | |||
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Revision as of 07:15, 30 October 2006
Ivano-Frankivsk (Template:Lang-uk, translit. Ivano-Frankivs'k, Template:Lang-ru; also referred to as Ivano-Frankovsk) is a historic city located in western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (province), and is designated as its own separate raion (district) within the oblast. Prior to 1962, the city was known as Stanyslaviv (Template:Lang-uk, Polish: Stanisławów, German: Stanislau, Yiddish: סטאַניסלעוו, translit. Stanislev).
The current estimated population is around 204,200 (as of 2004).
History
The city was erected as a fortress to protect the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from Tatar invasions. The city was firstly mentioned in 1662 in connection with it being granted the Magdeburg rights. Later, the fortress also successfully withstood attacks by Turkish and Russian forces. Extensively rebuilt during the Renaissance, it was sometimes called Little Leopolis. The city was also an important center of Armenian culture in Poland.
After the Partitions of Poland it became a part of Austrian Empire, and successively of the autonomous Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria.
In 1919 it was a subject of Polish–Ukrainian skirmishes and eventually became a part of the Second Polish Republic as the capital of the Stanisławów Voivodship.
In 1939 invasion of Poland by German and Soviet forces the territory was captured by the Soviets and attached to the Ukrainian SSR.
During the Nazi occupation (1941-1944) more than 600 educated Poles and most of the city's Jewish population was murdered . In 1962 the name changed to honor the famous Ukrainian writer Ivan Franko. In the early 1990s the city was a strong center of the Ukrainian independence movement.
1931 census
- Poles: 120,214 (60.6%)
- Ukrainians: 49,032 (24.7%)
- Jews 26,996: (13.6%)
Total: 196,242
People
- Manfred H. Lachs (1914-1993), jurist ()
- Arthur F. Burns
- Zbigniew Cybulski
- Mikhail Prusak
- Alfred Johann Theophil Jansa von Tannenau
- Stanisław Sosabowski
- Albin Cardinal Dunajewski
See also
External links
- Soviet topographic map 1:100,000
- 2005 satellite photo
- The Stanislau Phenomenon How the Western Ukrainian provincial nest of Ivano-Frankivsk turned into a thriving literary metropolis and multicultural frontier between East and West. By Holger Gemba at signandsight.com
